EP1772835A1 - Réseau à capteurs et procédé destiné à la surveillance d'un terrain - Google Patents

Réseau à capteurs et procédé destiné à la surveillance d'un terrain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1772835A1
EP1772835A1 EP06020917A EP06020917A EP1772835A1 EP 1772835 A1 EP1772835 A1 EP 1772835A1 EP 06020917 A EP06020917 A EP 06020917A EP 06020917 A EP06020917 A EP 06020917A EP 1772835 A1 EP1772835 A1 EP 1772835A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensors
communication
sensor network
programming
terrain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06020917A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roman Dr. Glöckler
Peter Dr. Kalisch
Gerd Dr. Esser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Stiftung and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Publication of EP1772835A1 publication Critical patent/EP1772835A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
    • G08B13/19641—Multiple cameras having overlapping views on a single scene
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19654—Details concerning communication with a camera
    • G08B13/1966—Wireless systems, other than telephone systems, used to communicate with a camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
    • G08B13/19669—Event triggers storage or change of storage policy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/22—Provisions facilitating manual calibration, e.g. input or output provisions for testing; Holding of intermittent values to permit measurement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor network and a method for monitoring a terrain.
  • the invention relates to the problem of securing a terrain against the intrusion of unwanted persons or to monitor activities of any kind within the terrain.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a sensor network, which allows the monitoring and protection of a terrain with the least possible effort and cost. It is another object of the invention to provide a corresponding method for monitoring and securing a terrain with the corresponding advantages.
  • the invention recognizes that, especially when monitoring a large area, it involves an immense effort to install individual sensors in a location-specific manner.
  • the stationary installed sensors must be complex interconnected and connected to a central unit. About the type of interconnection or other coding can then recognize the central unit, from which place of the terrain which signals are obtained.
  • One such system is, for example, the installation of multiple cameras in different locations of a building.
  • at least one programming module is provided for the fixed sensors, with the position detection means of which the position of the sensors can be determined. Once the position has been determined, it is memorized to the respective sensor by programming. The sensor then knows which position it is in. This allows the sensors to be deployed freely; the position is assigned after application.
  • Such a programming module also offers the possibility of using relatively expensive components, such as the components for determining the position in small numbers, while other cheaper components can be arranged in the high-volume sensors.
  • relatively expensive components such as the components for determining the position in small numbers
  • other cheaper components can be arranged in the high-volume sensors.
  • the invention finally recognizes that the complex query of each individual sensor according to the recorded parameters can be significantly simplified if the sensors are equipped with communication means for communication with each other.
  • the recorded information can be communicated as signals, for example, to the adjacently located sensors, which forward the information in turn.
  • Such a sensor network avoids in particular parallel communication paths.
  • the networking of the sensors with each other happens automatically, for example, by determining the strongest communication signal or the communication signal with the best signal-to-noise ratio of the signals received from the surrounding sensors and then set up a corresponding communication link.
  • a sensor network with efficient communication paths with each other and towards the central unit is created.
  • the sensor network described is suitable for both civilian and military applications.
  • the arbitrarilychipridden sensors their position is impressed only after application. Via the self-forming communication paths, a favorable, in particular rapid, forwarding of the detected signals to a central unit is established.
  • the sensors are not limited to the detection of invading persons. Equally well as monitoring relevant parameters pollutant concentrations, smoke, fog, vibrations or biological / chemical agents can be detected. In particular, it is not necessary that all sensors are equipped with the same detectors. It is quite conceivable that different monitoring-relevant parameters are monitored within the terrain by means of different sensors.
  • the position of the deployable or detectable sensors can thereby be impressed by an on-site emergency force manually programming each sensor.
  • the imprint by means of radio communication or optical communication from a central programming module, which knows the position of the individual sensors, conceivable.
  • the programming module is mobile.
  • the programming module can approach the sensors, determine their own position and transmit them to the approached sensor by means of the programming means.
  • the remaining "location blur”, which corresponds to the distance between the approximated programming module and the respective sensor, is negligible, but may be taken into account as needed.
  • the position detecting means is a navigation element, in particular a GPS or a Galileo detector.
  • the global position of the programming module and thus the position of the "approached" sensors can be reliably determined.
  • other navigation elements for the position detection means are conceivable, such as in particular radio bearing or the localization of a mobile phone by detecting the dial-in node.
  • the position detection means comprises a triangulation device which determines the position of the sensors by means of reference sensors.
  • the reference sensors themselves are equipped with a navigation element of the type described, which in turn allows their global position to be determined exactly.
  • a navigation element of the type described, which in turn allows their global position to be determined exactly.
  • radio communication it is then possible to deduce the distance of the sensor element on the basis of the field strength information. Especially in open terrain this allows a reliable position determination. The intersection of the distance circles around the reference modules then corresponds to the sought position of the corresponding sensor.
  • each sensor can also be taken into account when applying the sensors. If the sensors are distributed evenly distributed on the ground, which is quite realistic for a large number of sensors, it can already be given a mean distance between the individual sensors.
  • the sensors deployed at the corners of the terrain can be identified by being able to build significantly fewer communication links to the neighbor sensors than the sensors located inside the terrain. If some of the corner sensors are detected exactly in their position with the aid of the reference sensors, then from there again the position of the individual sensors with the aid of a triangulation method and the known mean distance can be determined penetrating into the interior of the sensor network.
  • the mobile programming module is a component of a self-navigating drone.
  • the drone designed, for example, as a land robot or as an unmanned flying object then navigates automatically through or over the terrain with the sensors applied thereon. By communicating with the individual sensors, they can be tracked down, their position determined and impressed on it.
  • the use of an unmanned drone for example, releases ground forces from dangerous use in unexplored terrain.
  • At least one master module equipped with a communication unit is provided in the sensor network, which is designed as an interface between the sensors and an external central unit.
  • Such master modules are deployed with significantly lower numbers than the sensors as such.
  • a master module is provided for its function as an interface with a device which is able to produce in particular a long-range communication link with a remote base camp or a remote central processing unit.
  • the sensors have a communication detector for determining a parameter representing the communication strength.
  • a parameter representing the communication strength can be, for example, the level of the received signal or the signal / noise ratio.
  • the communication detector can be realized for example by an electronic evaluation circuit.
  • the sensor network can be realized in particular in the case of a civil application by means of electrical cable connections, it is expedient to carry out the communication of the sensors wirelessly.
  • the communication means are formed in particular by optical or radio-communicating transmitting and receiving units.
  • the networking of the sensors to the sensor network then takes place, in particular, by selecting those adjacent sensors to which the best reception and transmission conditions prevail on account of the local conditions.
  • the sensors are designed to be ejected.
  • the sensors are then deployed quickly and easily by launching from an aircraft overflying the terrain.
  • the sensors fall, for example, by a parachute braked on the grounds and remain stationary there.
  • the sensors are expediently designed as anchoring stationary itself. This can be realized, for example, by screwing in a ground anchor or by bonding with in particular rocky ground.
  • the shape of the sensors can be designed such that they self-dig into the soil by the accumulation of kinetic energy during impact.
  • the invention has the advantage that a sensor network can be constructed with sensors of simple design, which has a significant cost advantage over directly coupled sensor / actuator active systems, especially in a large-scale use.
  • the invention is suitable for shutting off, monitoring or securing large-area grounds.
  • a typical terrain has a size of about 1 km 2 , on which about 10,000 sensors are deployed.
  • the mean distance between adjacent sensors is about 10 m.
  • about 10 master modules are deployed that are capable of making radio contact to a central unit more than 10 km away.
  • the FIGURE schematically shows a self-crosslinking sensor network 1 comprising individual sensors 3, 3 ', 3 "and an associated master module 5.
  • the individual sensors 3, 3', 3" and the master module 5 are on a terrain 6 Dropped from a terrain 6 over-flying helicopter 8 deployed. During the flight phase, as can be seen from the just dropped sensor 10, a parachute unfolds for safe deployment. After landing the sensors 3 anchor to the ground These are fixed by means of an anchoring 13, not shown here.
  • an unmanned aerial drone 23 overflows the terrain 6 at low altitude.
  • the drone 23 has a radio-enabled programming means 25 and a GPS detector 26 as position detection means. Programming means 25 and position detection means together form the programming module.
  • the drone recognizes 23 by means of the radio-enabled programming means 25 based on the respective communication means the individual sensor 3 '. If the drone 23 has detected a sensor 3 'in the area 6, it determines its own global position by means of the GPS detector 26 and transmits it to the detected sensor 3', where it is impressed. For the determination of the global position, the GPS detector 26 communicates with a satellite 27 in a known manner.
  • the deployed sensors 3, 3 ', 3 in addition to motion detectors, further detectors for detecting shocks with the aid of which intruding vehicles can be identified and Detectors for the detection of biological warfare agents.
  • bio-chips can be used.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
EP06020917A 2005-10-08 2006-10-05 Réseau à capteurs et procédé destiné à la surveillance d'un terrain Withdrawn EP1772835A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005048269A DE102005048269B4 (de) 2005-10-08 2005-10-08 Sensor-Netzwerk sowie Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Geländes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1772835A1 true EP1772835A1 (fr) 2007-04-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06020917A Withdrawn EP1772835A1 (fr) 2005-10-08 2006-10-05 Réseau à capteurs et procédé destiné à la surveillance d'un terrain

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7564408B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1772835A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005048269B4 (fr)

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US20090140926A1 (en) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-04 Elden Douglas Traster System and method for localization utilizing dynamically deployable beacons
MX2009001820A (es) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-18 Adolfo Macias Hernandez Sistema electronico para la deteccion y localizacion temprana de la caida de arboles para evitar la tala ilegal.
US8368559B2 (en) * 2009-08-26 2013-02-05 Raytheon Company Network of traffic behavior-monitoring unattended ground sensors (NeTBUGS)
DE102009042691B3 (de) * 2009-09-23 2011-06-16 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und System zur Aufklärung eines Zielgebiets
US8138968B1 (en) * 2010-01-26 2012-03-20 Camgian Microsystems Corp. Unattended ground sensor system and methods
US8390444B2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2013-03-05 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Sensor-location system for locating a sensor in a tract covered by an earth-based sensor network
US20110267220A1 (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 John Paul Strachan Sensor node positioning in a sensor network
CN102859395A (zh) * 2010-04-30 2013-01-02 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 用于监视基于地球的传感器网络的空气静力平台
US8878726B2 (en) * 2011-03-16 2014-11-04 Exelis Inc. System and method for three-dimensional geolocation of emitters based on energy measurements
US8878725B2 (en) 2011-05-19 2014-11-04 Exelis Inc. System and method for geolocation of multiple unknown radio frequency signal sources
US8615190B2 (en) 2011-05-31 2013-12-24 Exelis Inc. System and method for allocating jamming energy based on three-dimensional geolocation of emitters
US8723730B2 (en) 2011-07-27 2014-05-13 Exelis Inc. System and method for direction finding and geolocation of emitters based on line-of-bearing intersections
US9251698B2 (en) * 2012-09-19 2016-02-02 The Boeing Company Forest sensor deployment and monitoring system
US9117185B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2015-08-25 The Boeing Company Forestry management system
US8868238B1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-10-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Apparatus and method for systematic control of robotic deployment and extraction
FR3013143B1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2017-07-21 Finsecur Dispositif et procede de securisation d'un site
DE102015011579A1 (de) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-09 Mbda Deutschland Gmbh Abwehrsystem und Drohnenabwehranlage zum Abwehren von Fremddrohnen
US10976187B2 (en) 2015-09-22 2021-04-13 Venti, Llc Disaster response system and method
DE102016114373A1 (de) * 2016-08-03 2018-02-08 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Netzwerk aus Regel-/Steuerkreisen
US10405440B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2019-09-03 Romello Burdoucci System and method for interactive protection of a mobile electronic device
US11726480B2 (en) * 2020-04-07 2023-08-15 Insitu, Inc. Aircraft guidance with transmitting beacons
DE102024000880A1 (de) 2024-03-18 2025-09-18 Diehl Stiftung & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Drohne sowie Drohne zur Verwendung in dem Verfahren

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WO2004010398A1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Ut-Battelle, Llc Systeme de detection d'evenements a risques
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070080863A1 (en) 2007-04-12
DE102005048269A1 (de) 2007-04-19
DE102005048269B4 (de) 2008-01-31
US7564408B2 (en) 2009-07-21

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