EP1774509B1 - Dispositif convertisseur electroacoustique pour antennes immergees - Google Patents

Dispositif convertisseur electroacoustique pour antennes immergees Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1774509B1
EP1774509B1 EP05751707A EP05751707A EP1774509B1 EP 1774509 B1 EP1774509 B1 EP 1774509B1 EP 05751707 A EP05751707 A EP 05751707A EP 05751707 A EP05751707 A EP 05751707A EP 1774509 B1 EP1774509 B1 EP 1774509B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
metal plate
transducer elements
arrangement according
transducer arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05751707A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1774509A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP1774509A1 publication Critical patent/EP1774509A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1774509B1 publication Critical patent/EP1774509B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G10K11/008—Arrays of transducers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/20—Reflecting arrangements
    • G10K11/205—Reflecting arrangements for underwater use

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer assembly for underwater antennas of the genus defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the reflector is a spring-mass system of a mass formed by the metal plate and a sound-soft spring formed by the foam plate.
  • the foam board is designed as a flexible elastic material plate made of polyurethane foam.
  • the metal plate is designed to suppress interfering self-resonances in sandwich construction with a sandwiched between two metal sheets, bending wave dampening film.
  • the individual transducer elements of the transducer assembly are designed as hydrophones. To produce the transducer assembly of the reflector and a plug for connecting the hydrophones are placed in a mold. The hydrophones are glued on spacers to maintain a tolerance-accurate distance from the reflector.
  • the spacers are accurately positioned on the reflector, on the metal plate, set, for example, by small depressions in the metal plate or by gluing.
  • the spacers are made of the same material as the Hartumguss, preferably made of Polyurethane exists. After pouring the polyurethane into the mold and after its curing, the complete transducer assembly is removed from the mold.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a transducer assembly of the type mentioned, which has a low weight with good performance data unchanged to increase their applications and applications.
  • the transducer assembly according to the invention has the advantage that an enormous weight saving is achieved by the honeycomb structure of the metal plate, in particular aluminum plate, with the same flexural rigidity of the transducer assembly, as is ensured with a solid plate. Due to the arrangement of the thin double layer of a foam layer on the one hand and a material layer with a small characteristic impedance or low density, preferably cork layer, on the other hand, despite the honeycomb structure of the metal plate, the ideal reflector strongly approximated reflector is achieved with a very good forward / reverse ratio. Compared to a design with missing double layer between honeycomb structure and foam plate, the forward / reverse ratio is increased by more than 25 dB at a frequency range of the transducer array of 10 - 30 kHz.
  • the transducer assembly is well-suited for incorporation into autonomous or remote-controlled underwater vehicles, for example as a receiver. and / or transmit antenna of a mine sonar for the detection of sediments flushed in the sediment.
  • the foam sheet is replaced by an air-filled cavity.
  • the increase of the forward / backward ratio by the double layer is even more than 45 dB with respect to the same frequency range of the transducer arrangement of 10 - 30 kHz.
  • the transducer elements with spacers made of plastic are attached to the metal plate.
  • the height of the spacers is such that the distance of the acoustic center of the transducer elements from the reflector is small compared to the central wavelength ⁇ of a broadband transducer array and less than 1/4 of the wavelength ⁇ of a narrow-band transducer array. This ensures that the reflected sound on the reflector is structurally superimposed on the sound received or emitted directly by the transducer elements.
  • the pointing to the transducer elements surface of the metal plate is covered with a thin layer of a material whose characteristic impedance is much smaller than that of water, preferably 1 kg / m 2 s approximated.
  • This material layer which has a fairly low density and preferably as Cork layer is executed acts on the transducer elements as an ideal reflector, whereby the receiving sensitivity of the receiver operated transducer assembly is increased by up to 6 dB compared to the transducer elements in the free field. The same applies to the transmission or the efficiency of the transducer assembly when it is operated as an acoustic transmitter.
  • electroacoustic transducer arrangement for an underwater antenna has, for example, three transducer elements 11 and arranged in the direction of sound incidence behind the transducer elements 11 reflector 12.
  • the transducer elements 11 can be both transmit transducers and receive transducers or hydrophones. In the latter case, the hydrophones are designed as spherical ceramics, preferably as ceramic hollow spheres, as z.
  • US Pat. No. 6,029,113 are described.
  • the transducer elements 11 and the reflector 12 are in an acoustically transparent Hartumguss 13 of a Can be processed by casting, embedded in a substantially viscoelastic elastomer.
  • polyurethane (PUR) is exemplified.
  • PUR polyurethane
  • the reflector 12 comprises a transducer element 11 facing metal plate 13 in honeycomb structure and facing away from the transducer elements 11 foam plate 14 made of pressure-resistant foam.
  • the honeycomb metal plate 13 as exemplified in FIG Fig. 2 Sectionally seen in plan view is preferably made of light metal, such as aluminum.
  • a thin double layer 15 is arranged, which comprises a voltage applied to the metal plate 13 foam layer 16 of pressure-resistant foam and a voltage applied to the foam plate 14 material layer 17, which consists of a material whose characteristic impedance is much smaller than which is of water, so has a very low density.
  • Cork is preferably used as material for the material layer 17, so that only cork layer 17 will be discussed below.
  • the double layer 15 is made relatively thin compared to the foam plate 14.
  • the layer thickness of the foam layer 16 is 4 mm and the layer thickness of the cork layer 17 is 2 mm.
  • the layer thickness of the foam plate 14 is selected from pressure-resistant foam 15-20 mm.
  • the transducer elements 11 are adhered to a tolerance-accurate distance from the reflector 12 each on a spacer 18.
  • the spacers 18 are fixed in position to the metal plate 13 with honeycomb structure, for example, by small depressions in the metal plate 13 or by gluing.
  • the spacers 18 are preferably made of the same material as the hard encapsulation 20.
  • the pointing to the transducer elements 11 surface of the metal plate 13 is covered with a thin material layer 19 of a material whose characteristic impedance is much smaller than that of water.
  • cork is also used as the low-density layer material in the material layer 19.
  • the layer thickness of the cork layer 19 is for example about 2 mm.
  • the cork layer 19 is recessed in the region of the spacers 18.
  • the height of the spacers 18 is selected so that the distance of the acoustic center of the hydrophones from the metal plate 13 for a broadband transmitting or receiving transducer assembly is small compared to the central wavelength ⁇ .
  • the height of the spacers 18 is less than a quarter of the wavelength ⁇ , that is smaller ⁇ / 4, selected.
  • transducer assembly in comparison to the previously described transducer assembly in that the foam sheet of pressure-resistant material is replaced by a closed cavity 21.
  • a U-shaped frame 22 having a base plate 221 and a circumferential frame leg 222 is provided.
  • the frame 22 is made of a rigid material, for example of a light metal, in particular aluminum, or a pressure-resistant plastic or foam.
  • the cavity 21 is preferably filled with air and serves in addition to the increase of the forward / reverse ratio in addition to the inclusion of electronic and electrical components for connection to the transducer elements eleventh
  • the hard encapsulation 20 enclosing the transducer elements 11 and the reflector 12 is not as in FIG Fig. 1 executed as a cuboid body, but tracked in the sound incidence direction of the surface contour of the spherical transducer elements 11 by there hemispherical bulges cover a hemisphere portion of the transducer with approximately constant material thickness.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif convertisseur électroacoustique pour antennes immergées, avec des éléments convertisseurs (11) espacés les uns des autres, avec un réflecteur (12) disposé dans le direction d'incidence acoustique derrière les éléments convertisseurs (11), comportant une plaque métallique (13), notamment une plaque d'aluminium dos aux éléments convertisseurs (11), et une plaque de mousse (14) située sur le côté de la plaque métallique (13) éloigné des éléments convertisseurs (11), et avec un enrobage dur (20) en élastomère enfermant les éléments convertisseurs (11) et le réflecteur (12),
    caractérisé en ce que la plaque métallique (13) comporte une structure en nids d'abeilles et en ce qu'une double couche (15), constituée d'une couche de mousse (16) reposant contre la plaque métallique (13) et d'une couche de matériau (17) reposant contre la plaque de mousse (14) dont l'impédance caractéristique est très inférieure à celle de l'eau, est disposée entre la plaque métallique (13) et la plaque de mousse (14).
  2. Dispositif convertisseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la double couche (15) présente une faible épaisseur de couche en comparaison de l'épaisseur de la plaque de mousse (14), valant de préférence 6 mm environ.
  3. Dispositif convertisseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments convertisseurs (11) sont calés sur des entretoises d'espacement (18) en matière plastique, de préférence en polyuréthane, fixées sur la plaque métallique (13), et en ce que la hauteur des entretoises d'espacement (18) est choisie de telle sorte que la distance du centre acoustique des éléments convertisseurs (11) au réflecteur (12) pour un dispositif convertisseur à large bande soit petite vis-à-vis de la longueur d'ondes moyenne λ et que pour un dispositif convertisseur à bande étroite, elle soit plus petite que le quart de la longueur d'ondes λ.
  4. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 - 3, caractérisé en ce que la surface de la plaque métallique (13) orientée vers les éléments convertisseurs (11) est revêtue d'une fine couche de matériau (19), d'un matériau dont l'impédance caractéristique est très inférieure à celle de l'eau.
  5. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 - 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche de matériau (17, 19), d'un matériau de faible impédance caractéristique est une couche de liège.
  6. Dispositif convertisseur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de liège (17, 19) est de 2 mm environ.
  7. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 - 6, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de mousse (14) est constituée de mousse résistant à la compression.
  8. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 - 7, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de mousse (14) comporte une cavité fermée (21), immédiatement adjacente à la double couche (15) ou qu'elle est remplacée par une telle cavité.
  9. Dispositif convertisseur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la cavité (21) est pleine d'air.
  10. Dispositif convertisseur selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la cavité (21) est enfermée dans un cadre (22) dont la coupe transversale est en forme de U avec une plaque d'embase (221) et une aile périphérique (222) et une double couche (15) reposant sur l'extrémité libre de l'aile du cadre (222), recouvrant la plaque d'embase (221) avec un écartement.
  11. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 8 - 10, caractérisé en ce que des composants électriques et électroniques reliés aux éléments du convertisseur (11) sont logés dans la cavité (21).
  12. Dispositif convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 - 9, caractérisé en ce que les éléments du convertisseur (11) sont réalisés sous forme de céramiques en billes, de préférence de billes creuses de céramique.
EP05751707A 2004-08-05 2005-06-15 Dispositif convertisseur electroacoustique pour antennes immergees Expired - Lifetime EP1774509B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004038032A DE102004038032A1 (de) 2004-08-05 2004-08-05 Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung für Unterwasserantennen
PCT/EP2005/006383 WO2006015646A1 (fr) 2004-08-05 2005-06-15 Dispositif convertisseur electroacoustique pour antennes immergees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1774509A1 EP1774509A1 (fr) 2007-04-18
EP1774509B1 true EP1774509B1 (fr) 2010-06-09

Family

ID=35149090

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05751707A Expired - Lifetime EP1774509B1 (fr) 2004-08-05 2005-06-15 Dispositif convertisseur electroacoustique pour antennes immergees

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7542378B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1774509B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20070046796A (fr)
AT (1) ATE470926T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005270543B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004038032A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL179948A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO20071211L (fr)
WO (1) WO2006015646A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200700856B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004038032A1 (de) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung für Unterwasserantennen
DE102006060795B3 (de) 2006-12-21 2007-12-13 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne
US8027224B2 (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-09-27 Brown David A Broadband underwater acoustic transducer
CN116637791B (zh) * 2023-03-09 2025-07-15 浙江大学 一种软硬结合融合性超声换能器及其制备方法
CN116331456B (zh) * 2023-03-17 2023-11-24 中国科学院声学研究所 一种用于无人潜航器的舷侧阵组件

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4964091A (en) * 1970-10-05 1990-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Electroacoustic transducer
FR2342612A1 (fr) * 1976-02-27 1977-09-23 France Etat Antennes acoustiques a reflecteur a large bande passante
US4669573A (en) * 1985-02-25 1987-06-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Underwater acoustic baffle enhancer
DE3635364A1 (de) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gruppenstrahler
DE4227194A1 (de) * 1992-08-17 1994-02-24 Claas Ohg Selbstfahrende Ballenpresse für auf dem Feld angebaute Pflanzen
DE4339798A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung
FR2823571B1 (fr) 2001-04-12 2003-10-17 Thomson Marconi Sonar Sas Colonne acoustique et antenne cylindrique pour sonar passif utilisant une telle colonne
DE10119867B4 (de) * 2001-04-24 2005-10-13 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne
DE10323493B3 (de) * 2003-05-23 2004-07-15 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne
EP1737564B1 (fr) * 2004-03-12 2019-09-11 SRI International Meta-materiaux mecaniques
DE102004038032A1 (de) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung für Unterwasserantennen
DE102004037987A1 (de) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE470926T1 (de) 2010-06-15
EP1774509A1 (fr) 2007-04-18
KR20070046796A (ko) 2007-05-03
NO20071211L (no) 2007-03-05
IL179948A0 (en) 2007-05-15
US20080008046A1 (en) 2008-01-10
ZA200700856B (en) 2008-07-30
AU2005270543B2 (en) 2010-05-13
DE502005009729D1 (de) 2010-07-22
US7542378B2 (en) 2009-06-02
WO2006015646A1 (fr) 2006-02-16
AU2005270543A1 (en) 2006-02-16
DE102004038032A1 (de) 2006-02-23

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