Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
  • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
  • H01H27/007—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards the switch being lockable by remote control, e.g. by electromagnet
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
  • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
  • H01H2027/005—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards the key receiving part having multiple openings to allow keys from different directions to operate the switch

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of a protective device, for example a protective device of a machine, in particular a safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, with a locking function for the protective device.
• a protective device for example a protective device of a machine, in particular a safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, with a locking function for the protective device.
• a safety switch is known, in the switch head, an example fixed to a protective door of a guard actuator is inserted when closing the guard while a ratchet wheel rotates. Inside the switch housing is a
• Switching plunger of an electrical switch held in contact with the peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel At a predetermined angle of rotation, which corresponds to the closed position of the protective door, the switch plunger engages in a provided for this purpose on the peripheral surface of the ratchet locking recess and thereby includes a contact pair in the electrical switch. In this way, the inserted state of the actuator and thus the closed position of the protective door can be electrically signaled.
• the safety switch also provides a Zuhaltefunktion, ie that the actuator is lockable in the switch head, in particular with regard to the lead out of the switch head can be locked, and thereby the
• Protective device can be locked in the closed state.
• this is the switching plunger spring-loaded or magnetkraftbelastet held in the locking recess of the ratchet wheel, thereby locking the ratchet wheel against rotation and thus locks the actuator in the switch head.
• DE 34 30 090 A1 shows a safety switch, in which a longitudinally displaceable plunger is guided in the switch housing for actuating the switch, which is associated with a mechanical lock, the means of a in the switch housing insertable key is releasable.
• a locking pin is also provided for fixing the plunger, which is electromechanically movable by an electrical release signal in its release position.
• DE 84 14 199 U1 shows a locking and safety device for a door, wherein in a power failure, the door lock can not be locked and continue in a power failure in the locked state, the door lock can not be unlocked.
• DE 202 18 714 U1 shows an emergency unlocking device for safety locking devices on doors, in particular on doors of housings for machine tools, which consists of an at any time and from any location to be operated remote release device, for example, an electric emergency switch with one of the machine control and its power supply independent power supply.
• the invention has for its object to provide a generic device, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
• a device is to be provided with a locking device, which realizes both the function "guard locking in the de-energized state” and the function "prevention of activation of the tumbler in the de-energized state".
• a permanent tumbler should be permanently guaranteed reliable and large Zuhalte guide be provided cost-effectively and robustly with structurally simple means. The manufacture, installation and maintenance of the device should be simplified and thereby save time and money.
• the object is in a device for monitoring the state of a protective device, for example a protective device of a machine, in particular safety switch for monitoring the closed state of a protective door or the like, wherein the protective device has a first part with an opening and a second part, opposite to the the first part is movable and thereby the opening is at least partially closable, and wherein the device comprises a preferably to be arranged on the first part of the protection switch element and a preferably to be arranged on the second part of the protective device actuator, which causes an actuation of the switch element in the closed state of the protective device and characterized in that the closed state of the protective device can be signaled and monitored, and the device has a locking device with a locking element, by which the closed state of the Sch is releasably lockable and is locked in the de-energized state of the locking device, and the locking device can be activated by transferring the protective device from the open state to the closed state, achieved in that the device has a blocking device with
• switch element and actuator it may be advantageous for many applications to choose an arrangement similar to DE 43 28 297 C1, in particular because of the arrangement of a ratchet wheel, or more generally a cam, between the actuator and the switch actuating tappet effective manipulation protection of Device is ensured, ie the switch element can not be manipulated with simple tools so that a safe state of the protective device is simulated, although the protective device is not in the closed state, in particular the actuator is not inserted into the switch element.
• a rotatable cam through which the actuator can be inserted into the switch element from a plurality of directions in a particularly advantageous manner, it is also possible to provide another element which permits manipulation of the safety switch by direct actuation of the safety switch
• Switch actuator plunger makes impossible.
• the locking of the closed state of the protective device corresponds to the known locking function.
• the locking device is activated by the fact that when closing the protective device of the actuator, the cam rotates until a locking ram, which is preferably at the same time part of the actual switch actuating plunger or at least coaxially arranged to this, engages in a radial locking recess of the cam and this determines against further rotation and especially a reverse rotation, and thereby locks the closed state of the protective device or the protective device holds.
• a locking ram which is preferably at the same time part of the actual switch actuating plunger or at least coaxially arranged to this, engages in a radial locking recess of the cam and this determines against further rotation and especially a reverse rotation, and thereby locks the closed state of the protective device or the protective device holds.
• the movement of the tumbler element is in any case so far blocked in that there is no arrest of the closed state of the protective device.
• the switch actuating plunger of the electrical switch of the Wegerlements is blocked, so that an actuation of the switch element is prevented, which would signal a closed state of the protective device.
• the actuator may be key-shaped, in particular in the manner of a mechanical coding by the special geometric shape, so that only corresponding geometrically formed actuator capable of turning the cam.
• the protective device can be completely closed and the actuator can be inserted into the switch head, without mechanical damage to the device, for example, as a result of abutment of the actuator to blocked parts of the switch element to be feared. It is particularly advantageous that the blocking takes place by a positive connection between the blocking element and the locking element.
• Blocking element in a recess of the locking element a.
• blocking element and / or locking element are substantially pin-shaped and at least partially cylindrical.
• the tumbler element has in sections on its lateral surface a cross-sectionally substantially rectangular annular groove into which the blocking element can engage.
• the longitudinal axes of the tumbler and blocking element preferably include a right angle.
• the blocking element is part of an electromagnet, in particular the armature of an electromagnet of the blocking device.
• the blocking element In the energized state, the blocking element is held against the action of an accumulator arranged in the blocking device in a position by which the movement of the tumbler element is not blocked.
• the de-energized state In the de-energized state is the
• Blocking element moves by the action of the force accumulator in the direction of the locking element, and engages there, if the protective device is not already in the closed state, in a recess in the locking element such that this is at least blocked so far, that closing of the protective device does not lead to a locking of the closed state.
• the blocking element actuates a switch by which the position of the tumbler element
• Blocking element is signaled.
• the switch is a commercially available electrical switching element.
• other switching elements come into question, in particular contactless switching elements, such as optical switching elements such as light barriers or magnetic switching elements such as Hall sensors or reed switches.
• the blocking element can be designed as a switch actuating tappet for the switch of the blocking device.
• the switch may be arranged coaxially with the blocking element.
• the locking device has a further element, which is rotatable and / or displaceable upon insertion of the actuator into the device.
• This further element or the locking element can engage in a recess of the actuator and be locked in this position and thereby lock the closed state of the protection device.
• this further element of the locking device is a ratchet or a shift drum, and in the closed state of the protective device, the position of this further element can be locked by the locking element.
• the locking device on a Fehlschbach puzzle through which the tumbler is activated only when the guard is in the closed position. This will prevent a
• the higher-level control device erroneously assumes that the protective device is closed, although this is actually not the case.
• the Fehlschsted Anlagen can be realized in different ways.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an overall arrangement with a device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the device of FIG. 2.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an overall arrangement with a device 1 according to the invention for monitoring the state of a protective device 2 of a machine 3, in particular the closed state of a protective door, with a Room separation device is closed, for example, to protect the operating personnel from hazards caused by the machine 3 in operation.
• the device 2 has a first part 4, for example a frame for the protective device 2.
• the first part 4 has an opening 5 which can be closed by a second part 6, for example by a protective door corresponding to the double arrow 10 with respect to the first Part 4 is movably supported by bearing elements 1 1.
• the device 1 has a safety switch which comprises a preferably arranged on the fixed first part 4 of the protection device 2 switch element 7 and a preferably arranged on the movable second part 6 actuator 8.
• FIG. 2 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
• a cam plate 14, which is pivotable about an axis of rotation 13, is mounted in a switch head 12. At her
• the cam plate 14 has a first recess 16 a, in which a cam 17 of the actuator 8 can engage when the actuator 8 is inserted via a first opening 30 a in the switch head 12.
• the cam disc 14 has an angular offset of about 90 ° relative to the first recess 16a about the rotation axis 13, a second recess 16b, in which the cam 17 of the actuator 8 can engage when the actuator 8 via a second opening 30b in the switch head 12th is introduced.
• the limited by the two recesses 16a, 16b segments of the cam 14 engage with inserted actuator 8 in the adjoining the cam 17 recess 16 and thereby lock the closed state of the protection device 2.
• the outer surfaces of the substantially cuboid and in particular cubic switch head 12, where the first and second openings 30a, 30b are arranged, include a right angle. in the illustrated state, the actuator 8 is not yet introduced into the switch head 12, hence the second part 6 of the protection device 2 is not yet in the fully closed position.
• the switch head 12 is fixedly connected to the switch element 7 of the device 1.
• an elongated locking element 18 is mounted longitudinally movable, which is Mogliedrig in the illustrated embodiment, but in principle can also be integrally formed.
• the locking element 18 is at least partially made of a magnetizable material or has a magnetizable shell 23 which is formed as an armature of a coil 24 further comprising an electromagnet.
• the jacket 23 is drawn into the region of the coil 24 and thereby the locking element 18 of the cam 14 against the action of a helical spring designed as a
• the cam disc 14 has an angular offset of about 135 ° relative to the first recess 16a about the axis of rotation 1 3, a third recess 19, in which the locking element 18 in the closed state of the protective device 2, ie when inserted into the switch head 12 actuator 8, engage can and thereby locks the closed state.
• the energy accumulator 20 is supported on the one hand on the stationary switch housing 21, and on the other hand on a flange-like widening 22 of the locking element 18.
• the switch element 7 has a known electrical switch 25, the switch actuating plunger 26 is arranged coaxially and in particular in extension of the locking element 18 and aligned.
• energy storage of the switch actuating plunger 26 is held in contact with the locking element 18 and thus follows its movement.
• both the operating state shown in FIG. 2 can be signaled by the electrical switch 25, for example by opening an electrical switching contact, as well as the state in which the locking element 18 engages in the recess 19 of the cam 14, thus the ratchet and thus the closed state of the protective device 2 locked, for example by opening the switch contact.
• the protective device 2 is opened or at least not in the locked closed state and the device 1 is de-energized.
• the inventive design of the device 1 with a blocking device 40 would be the locking element 18 due to the action of the energy storage 20 in contact with the cam 14, and upon closing of the protection device 2, the actuator 8 would turn the cam 14 by about 90 ° counterclockwise and the locking element 18 would be in the third Snap recess 19 and thus lock the cam 14 and thus the closed state of the safety device 2.
• the blocking device 40 is arranged in the transition region between the switch head 12 and the switch housing 7.
• a in the housing part 42 in the longitudinal direction movably guided and aligned at right angles to the tumbler element 18 blocking element 41, the tumbler element 18 in its in Fig. 2 illustrated, the rotational movement of the cam disc 14 releasing position releasably block.
• the blocking element 41 which is
• the blocking element 41 which is
• the blocking element 41 actuates a further electrical switch 45 and is in abutment with the associated switch actuating plunger 46.
• the blocking element 41 is biased in the direction of the locking element 18, either by a force accumulator such as a Coil spring, which acts on the blocking element 41 and the housing part 42 and may be arranged, for example, in the region between the armature and the further coil 44, or arranged by the further electrical switch 45 and on the
• Switch actuator plunger 46 acting spring.
• the blocking element 41 is moved away from the locking element 18 against the action of this energy store and outputs this Locking element 18 thus free for a cam 14 locking movement.
• the blocking element 41 which is formed as a whole of three elements consists of an armature element 41a, which is essentially T-shaped in cross-section. shaped end portion formed in an undercut opening having a driver 41b engages, which is thereby coupled in movement with the armature member 41a.
• the driver 41 b is in turn connected to a blocking member 41c motion coupled, for example screwed or pressed with this.
• a sealing element 49 is arranged, for example, a bellows-like membrane to prevent ingress of moisture and / or impurities.
• the blocking member 41c has at its the Zuhalteelement 18 facing the end of a tapered cylindrical pin, which engages in the position shown in an inserted into the locking element 18, in cross-section substantially rectangular annular groove 47 positively.
• the blocking member 41c is guided in a preferably substantially and apart from an eccentric axial bore 48a axisymmetric and in particular rotationally cylindrical guide bushing 48, which also closes the housing part 42 the front side.
• the position of the blocking flank 47a formed by the annular groove 47 which includes a substantially right angle with the longitudinal axis of the tumbler element 18, is selected such that the tumbler element 18 does not engage in a blocking engagement of the blocking member 41c on the peripheral surface 15 of the cam 14 abuts, but has a small distance thereof.
• the locking element 18 On the side facing away from the cam plate 14, the locking element 18 has a further annular groove 43, which may be of greater axial extent.
• the blocking member 41 c engages when in the closed state of the protective device 2, the locking element 18 engages in the third recess 19 of the switching disk 14, and the other coil 44 is de-energized.
• the blocking element 41 is limited in this case by a mechanical stop in its movement in the direction of the locking element 18 such that the front end of the blocking member 41 c is not in contact with the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the locking member 18 extending bottom surface of the further annular groove 43. As a result, a friction between the blocking member 41 c and the locking element 18 is avoided when the locking element 18 by
• the further annular groove 43 has, on its side facing the annular groove 47, a sliding flank 43a which, with the longitudinal axis of the locking element 18, has an angle of less than 90 °, in particular less than 60 ° and preferably less than 45 °.
• this can be set up in several spatial directions, thereby simplifying the mounting of the device to the protection device 2, and the device 1 even can be adapted to the respective structural conditions at the installation site; in the case of a rotationally symmetrical configuration in this connection region, the blocking device 40 can even be arranged rotatable all around, in which case appropriate measures for sealing the connection point can be taken if necessary.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
• Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2005
  • 2005-08-01 DE DE502005002179T patent/DE502005002179D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-08-01 JP JP2007524253A patent/JP4763696B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-08-01 EP EP05770018A patent/EP1774552B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-08-01 WO PCT/EP2005/008303 patent/WO2006015752A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2005-08-01 US US11/629,168 patent/US20080264766A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-08-01 AT AT05770018T patent/ATE380389T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-08-01 ES ES05770018T patent/ES2294729T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

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