EP1808587A2 - Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder - Google Patents

Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1808587A2
EP1808587A2 EP07106894A EP07106894A EP1808587A2 EP 1808587 A2 EP1808587 A2 EP 1808587A2 EP 07106894 A EP07106894 A EP 07106894A EP 07106894 A EP07106894 A EP 07106894A EP 1808587 A2 EP1808587 A2 EP 1808587A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
engine
carburettor
valve
otto engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07106894A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1808587A3 (de
Inventor
Göran ERIKSSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GGP Sweden AB
Original Assignee
GGP Sweden AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GGP Sweden AB filed Critical GGP Sweden AB
Publication of EP1808587A2 publication Critical patent/EP1808587A2/de
Publication of EP1808587A3 publication Critical patent/EP1808587A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/044—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of an adjustable piston length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/04—Varying compression ratio by alteration of volume of compression space without changing piston stroke

Definitions

  • ethanol which is a bio-fuel with combustion products that are on the whole environmentally friendly and which is priced at roughly the level of normal petrol.
  • major manufacturers of single-cylinder Otto engines that are used in lawnmowers state that it is not possible to modify their single-cylinder Otto engines for ethanol operation, in spite of the fact that it has been known for over 100 years that Otto engines can de facto be powered by means of ethanol by using a relatively high compression ratio. Difficulties in cold starting are a general problem with ethanol as a fuel, however. It appears that this problem has contributed to the fact that development with regard to ethanol operation has led to increasingly sophisticated and thus expensive solutions.
  • a modified single-cylinder Otto engine is obtained with which it is possible to use an environmentally friendly propellant.
  • a propellant known by the designation E85 which contains 85% ethanol and 15% petrol, is particularly suitable.
  • Tests have shown that a drastic reduction in the CO emission can be obtained. Measurements have confirmed that it is possible to obtain a CO emission as low as 0.1% in operation under load.
  • the cost reduction is very large compared with using so-called environmental petrol, since the price of E85 is approx. 1/3 that of environmental petrol.
  • the modified engine achieves higher efficiency, resulting in a further reduction in the fuel cost.
  • Fig. 1 shows a single-cylinder Otto engine with an overhead valve according to the invention in cross-section.
  • An engine of this kind occurs extremely commonly mainly in manual lawnmowers, the engine power normally being approx. 3 - 5.5 hp (DIN). They are also common in so-called ride-on lawnmowers 1 , but the power is somewhat greater there, approx. 8-9 hp (DIN).
  • the engine comprises an engine block 1 with a cylinder 2.
  • Located on top of the engine block 1 is a cylinder head 3.
  • the cylinder head 3 is provided with cooling fins 3C and an opening 3E for a spark plug.
  • the cylinder head 3 is provided with through holes 3D to screw the cylinder head 3 with its downward facing surface 3B to the cylinder head 1.
  • valves 5, 5' In the cylinder head 3 are two valve ducts 3F, located inside which are valves 5, 5'.
  • the valves 5, 5' are provided with a valve cone 5B that is intended to interact with a valve seat 5C in the cylinder head 3.
  • Each valve 5 is provided with a flat surface 5A at its end.
  • a movable piston 4, which is provided at the top with an essentially flat surface 4A, is located inside the cylinder space 2.
  • the engine also has a cup-type carburettor 6, with a fuel nozzle 7 and a pump mechanism 9.
  • the engine is provided with an air filter 8.
  • the play S2 between the valve end 5A and the upper surface 4A of the piston in its upper position is extremely small, preferably approx. 0.4 - 0.6 mm.
  • Another important aspect is that the opening 7A of the nozzle is sufficiently great to permit an adequate fuel inflow.
  • the engine is equipped with a pump mechanism 9 to be able to force fuel into the carburettor on start-up.
  • the distance (S1) is measured between the valve end (5A) and the piston top (4A). This distance (S1) is also equal to the depth (B) in the cylinder head (3) minus the distance (A) that the valve end (5A) projects from the cylinder wall.
  • a part of the material in the cylinder head 3 must now be cut so that the play S1 between the piston top 4A and the lower end 5A of the valve is reduced to a modified play S2 of between 0.4 - 1 mm (see Fig. 1).
  • the cylinder head 3 is machined by means of suitable cutting machining (e.g. milling or grinding) so that a greater part of the distance S1 is cut. More often than not, cutting of approx.
  • Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of a carburettor according to the invention.
  • the carburettor 6 is provided with a removable (via screw threads) fuel nozzle 7 in a known manner.
  • the carburettor 6 is also provided with a pump mechanism 9, a so-called "primer system” 9.
  • Fig. 3A shows a detailed view of a fuel nozzle 7 for the carburettor 6. It is shown here that the diameter d, opening 7A in the fuel nozzle has been enlarged from approx. 0.6 mm - approx. 0.7 mm, i.e. an increase in the sectional area of more than 30%, for an engine with a power of approx. 4-5 hp. In engines of a somewhat higher power, e.g.
  • the diameter d is normally approx. 0.75 mm.
  • the diameter of the existing opening 7A is enlarged by approx. 5-20%, more preferredly approx. 10-15%, which is applicable in principle regardless of the engine's power within the above-mentioned ranges.
  • the engine is tested in operation using a number of different fuel nozzles that are provided with different-sized openings.
  • a set consisting of a number of fuel nozzles with openings of different sizes When the optimum fuel nozzle opening has thus been checked, a corresponding drill is used to enlarge the existing opening 7A to the desired size.
  • Fig. 4 shows a so-called side valve engine, in an engine of this kind the valves 5, 5' are arranged in ducts 1A, 1'A in the engine block 1 adjacent to the piston 4.
  • the principles of modification are the same as described above.
  • the valve end 5'A does not move towards the upper surface 4A of the piston but towards a surface 3A inside the cylinder head 3.
  • it is important to optimize modification of the cylinder head 3 so that the remaining play S2 between the valve top 5'A and the opposing surface 3A remains approx. 0.5 mm.
  • a single-cylinder Otto engine provided with a supporting valve according to the invention, one starts out however by removing the cylinder head 3.
  • the cylinder head 3 and engine block 1 are cleaned of residues of the old gasket 10.
  • the valves are then positioned in their most extreme position, i.e. so that the valve 5' is in its most open position a set distance A from the cylinder wall in the cylinder head 3. In this position, it is measured (for example using a sliding calliper or dial test indicator) how great distance A is. The depth B in the top is then measured. Cutting, levelling and checking then takes place in the same way as above.
  • Fig. 5 shows an air filter 8 intended to be used in a carburettor 6 that is provided with a non-removable fuel nozzle.
  • the air filter 8 is provided with a choke element 8B that is provided with choke openings 8A.
  • the choke openings are eight in number according to the practical example shown and consist of circular holes with a diameter of 4 mm. The total opening area through these holes is thus approx. 100 mm 2 .
  • the area for the fastening screw that penetrates the centre hole (8C) in the choke element (8B) must be deducted here. It is also clear from the figure that the choke element (8B) is cup-shaped, with outer wall parts that are converging, so that the shape of a truncated cone is formed. This shape facilitates a simple, secure and tight fitting of the choke element (8B). It should be made clear that this form of modification is only a necessary alternative when the carburettor 6 is provided with a fixed non-modifiable fuel nozzle.
  • Test 1 was carried out using Aspen environmental petrol in a new lawnmower.
  • Tests 2 and 3 were carried out on a used lawnmower modified according to the invention.
  • the propellant used in tests 2 and 3 is so-called E85, containing 85% ethanol and 15% petrol.
  • Test 1 Type of fuel Emission Aspen environmental petrol Carbon monoxide (CO percent by vol.) Hydrocarbon (HC ppm) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 percent by vol.) Oxygen (O 2 percent by vol.) Idling speed 0.5 800 7.0 10.1 Working speed No-load engine 3.0 248 8.3 6.4 Working speed Engine under load 3.4 138 8.4 6.2
  • Test 2 Type of fuel Emission Ethanol 85% Adjustable nozzle, adjusted to low running Carbon monoxide (CO percent by vol.) Hydrocarbon (HC ppm) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 percent by vol.) Oxygen (O 2 percent by vol.) Idling speed Working speed No-load engine 0.1 787 6.0 12.2 Working speed Engine under load 0.1 603 9.0 8.2 Test 3 Type of fuel Emission Ethanol 85% Adjustable nozzle, adjusted to steady running Carbon monoxide (CO percent by vol.) Hydrocarbon (HC ppm) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 percent by vol.) Oxygen (O 2 percent by vol.) Idling speed 1.8 183
  • the invention is not restricted to what has been described above, but can be varied within the scope of the following claims.
  • the invention can also be applied in application areas other than lawnmowers, for example other garden machinery and/or agricultural machinery.
  • the existing play S1 between critical points in the engine can be measured in ways other than those described above, for example by means of laser meters or other existing measuring devices.
  • the cylinder head it is also conceivable for the cylinder head to be cut by more than 100% of S1 and to use a thicker cylinder head gasket instead as compensation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
EP07106894A 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder Withdrawn EP1808587A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0100867A SE519535C2 (sv) 2001-03-13 2001-03-13 Modifierad encylindrig ottomotor
EP02703025A EP1383994B1 (de) 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02703025A Division EP1383994B1 (de) 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1808587A2 true EP1808587A2 (de) 2007-07-18
EP1808587A3 EP1808587A3 (de) 2007-10-03

Family

ID=20283338

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07106894A Withdrawn EP1808587A3 (de) 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder
EP02703025A Expired - Lifetime EP1383994B1 (de) 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02703025A Expired - Lifetime EP1383994B1 (de) 2001-03-13 2002-03-12 Modifizierter ottomotor mit einem zylinder

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1808587A3 (de)
AT (1) ATE370320T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60221816T2 (de)
SE (1) SE519535C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2002073015A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7905469B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2011-03-15 Briggs and Statton Corporation Gaseous fuel mixing device
US8196901B2 (en) 2009-01-09 2012-06-12 Briggs & Stratton Corporation System and method for converting an engine to an alternate fuel

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US871134A (en) * 1906-03-13 1907-11-19 Joseph Gabriel Pierre Marie Monnier Carbureter.
US1885331A (en) * 1929-11-05 1932-11-01 Collins Douglas Automatic choke
US2737170A (en) * 1951-01-18 1956-03-06 Gen Motors Corp High compression combustion chambers
US2725865A (en) * 1952-05-28 1955-12-06 Gen Motors Corp Combustion chamber
US3089685A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-05-14 Acf Ind Inc Carburetor
FR2071298A5 (de) * 1969-12-23 1971-09-17 Sibe
US4216744A (en) * 1976-03-08 1980-08-12 Agence Nationale De Valorisation De La Recherche (Anvar) Engine whose fuel is a product other than a petroleum product
BE873331A (fr) * 1978-01-16 1979-07-05 Engelhard Min & Chem Dispositif de commande de combustion pour un moteur a combustion interne utilisant des carburants comportant une proportion variable d'hydrocarbures partiellement oxydes
US4235828A (en) * 1979-06-20 1980-11-25 Howes Leslie D Fuel economizer employing improved turbulent mixing of fuel and air
WO1982002576A1 (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-08-05 Norman Stinson Ritchie Microprocessor controlled variable capacity internal combustion engine
JPS57203851A (en) * 1981-06-06 1982-12-14 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Internal-combustion engine capable of using various kinds of fuel
JPS60176820A (ja) * 1984-02-23 1985-09-10 Honda Motor Co Ltd 複数種の燃料を使用可能な車輌及び内燃機関
US4826517A (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-05-02 Bendix Electronics Limited Disposable air cleaner with one piece housing
US5063883A (en) * 1989-01-19 1991-11-12 Dingess Billy E Detonation control device for an internal combustion engine
US6120007A (en) * 1996-02-13 2000-09-19 Grant; Barry Carburetor with color-coded interchangeable components
US5868117A (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-02-09 Chrysler Corporation Method of determining ethanol thresholds in a flexible fueled vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7905469B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2011-03-15 Briggs and Statton Corporation Gaseous fuel mixing device
US8196901B2 (en) 2009-01-09 2012-06-12 Briggs & Stratton Corporation System and method for converting an engine to an alternate fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0100867L (sv) 2002-09-14
WO2002073015A1 (en) 2002-09-19
DE60221816D1 (de) 2007-09-27
SE0100867D0 (sv) 2001-03-13
EP1808587A3 (de) 2007-10-03
ATE370320T1 (de) 2007-09-15
EP1383994A1 (de) 2004-01-28
DE60221816T2 (de) 2008-05-08
SE519535C2 (sv) 2003-03-11
EP1383994B1 (de) 2007-08-15

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