EP1831031A2 - Procede et dispositif de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal

Info

Publication number
EP1831031A2
EP1831031A2 EP05825516A EP05825516A EP1831031A2 EP 1831031 A2 EP1831031 A2 EP 1831031A2 EP 05825516 A EP05825516 A EP 05825516A EP 05825516 A EP05825516 A EP 05825516A EP 1831031 A2 EP1831031 A2 EP 1831031A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
channel
laser beam
diffraction
image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05825516A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Maurer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke+Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke+Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke+Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke+Devrient GmbH
Publication of EP1831031A2 publication Critical patent/EP1831031A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for generating a multi-channel diffraction image with viewing direction-dependent additional information as well as a value object equipped with such a diffraction pattern.
  • Valuables such as branded articles or value documents
  • security elements for the purpose of hedging, which allow verification of the authenticity of the object of value and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Valuable items within the meaning of the present invention are, in particular, bank notes, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality admission tickets, but also other papers susceptible to counterfeiting, such as passports and other identification documents, as well as product security elements such as labels, seals, packaging and the like.
  • object of value in the following includes all such objects, documents and product protection means.
  • optically variable elements are used as security elements, which give the viewer a different image impression, for example a different color impression, at different viewing angles.
  • security elements with optical diffraction structures such as holograms, lattice grids and other hologram-like diffraction structures, are used, which are viewed at different viewing angles reconstruct different images. Such viewing angle dependent effects can not be reproduced with normal copying or printing techniques.
  • the document EP 1 197350 A2 shows and describes a special embodiment of such a diffraction-optical security element, namely an optical element for value documents, which has a two-channel hologram for the reconstruction of holographic images from different viewing directions.
  • Each holographically reproduced image which can be visually recognized only in one line of sight, corresponds to a channel.
  • the individual channels are each assigned different surface areas of the hologram.
  • the region of the hologram corresponding to one channel can be subdivided into a plurality of subregions. These subregions are designed, for example, as narrow strips.
  • the strips belonging to different channels are preferably arranged alternately.
  • the respective associated subregions of a diffractive optical image are spaced apart from each other, they produce a common diffraction image for the viewer at the predetermined defined viewing angle.
  • subareas are preferably changed by means of a laser such that they no longer participate in the image reconstruction and represent first or second information in front of the holographic background.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic method or a generic device which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the viewing direction-dependent additional information should be able to be written into a multichannel diffraction pattern reliably and with reasonable equipment expense.
  • a method for generating a multi-channel diffraction image with viewing direction-dependent additional information contains the method steps:
  • the recognition of the image areas assigned to the channel to be labeled is carried out by a detection laser beam in the beam path of the marking laser.
  • the local refraction properties of the multi-channel diffraction pattern are preferably interrogated with the detection laser beam. On the basis of the queried properties, it can then be ascertained to which channel the image area currently detected by the marking laser belongs and whether additional information to be written in for this channel is provided.
  • the detection laser radiation deflected by the diffraction pattern is advantageously detected with one or more detectors arranged in the viewing directions of the diffraction image.
  • the image areas of the multi-channel diffraction image are scanned and recognized by the recognition laser beam, and that those image areas which are assigned to a channel to be labeled are provided with the write laser beam with the corresponding additional viewing information dependent information.
  • the label is carried out with the additional information with pulsed writing laser radiation.
  • a residual laser beam of small intensity emitted between two laser pulses of the marking laser is used as a recognition laser beam for the purpose of detecting the image areas assigned to the channel to be labeled.
  • the viewing direction-dependent additional information is preferably present as a raster image of a plurality of pixels, wherein the pixels of the raster image are introduced by the pulsed write laser steel in the image areas of the channel to be labeled.
  • the ratio of the time interval of the laser pulses to the pulse duration is expediently greater than 5: 1, preferably greater than 10: 1, particularly preferably greater than 100: 1 or even greater than 500: 1. Between successive laser pulses then a large time window is available in which only the detection laser beam is emitted. As a result, even after a successful saturation of the detectors, which should always remain open to simplify the system structure, sufficient time for decaying possibly generated interference signals in the detectors is given.
  • the labeling laser is preferably operated Q-switched.
  • an analogue Q-switching control can be advantageously used for the precise control of the residual laser beam.
  • measures are provided to correctly account for the signal differences caused by the intensity difference between the writing laser beam and the detection laser beam in the detectors.
  • the intensity difference between the writing laser beam and the detection laser beam, the ratio of the time interval of the laser pulses to the pulse duration and the design of the detectors can be coordinated so that the detectors do not reach the saturation range during operation.
  • a difference signal from two or more detectors can be used for evaluation, which allows a very subtle differentiation of the type of image area lying in the focus of the detection laser beam.
  • the recognition laser beam is polarized, preferably linearly polarized. This often results in a higher signal-to-noise ratio. With suitable diffraction images, however, especially if the difference signal can be evaluated by two detectors, sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios can be achieved even without polarization.
  • the detection laser beam assigns data sets for the additional information to be introduced and controls corresponding write pulses.
  • the radiation of the marking laser for introducing the additional information into one or two di- deflected mens preferably by means of a polygon or a galvanomirror. If the radiation is deflected in two dimensions, the diffraction image can be completely acquired and described without further transport movements of the data carrier.
  • the image areas of the diffraction image are in the form of adjacent strips, and the diffraction image is transported perpendicular to the strip extension for inscription.
  • the radiation of the inscription laser in this case can be deflected in strip extension, preferably by means of a polygon wheel or a galvanomirror.
  • the strips of the diffraction pattern in this variant expediently have a width between 10 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 20 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • dividing the diffraction image into parallel stripes is only one of many possible geometries.
  • the diffraction pattern has two channels formed by alternately arranged strip groups, which reconstructs two diffraction-optical images in two viewing directions perpendicular to the strip extension.
  • the two viewing directions are arranged symmetrically to the surface normal of the diffraction pattern.
  • the radiation of the marking laser is polarized, then it makes sense to choose the polarization direction of the detection laser beam perpendicular to the strip extension.
  • the invention also includes a valuable article, in particular a data carrier or a security element, for application to a data carrier. ger, with a multi-channel diffraction pattern generated according to a method described above.
  • the image areas of the diffraction image are in the form of juxtaposed strips which in particular have a width of between 10 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 20 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the viewing direction-dependent additional information is advantageously present as a raster image of a plurality of pixels, wherein the raster images for the different viewing directions expediently have the same size in pixels.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out the methods described above.
  • a device contains a marking laser for introducing the additional information with a writing laser beam of the marking laser into at least one channel of the multi-channel diffraction image and recognition means for detecting the image areas assigned to the channel to be written using a detection laser beam guided in the beam path of the marking laser.
  • the detection means advantageously comprise one or more detectors for detecting the laser radiation deflected by the diffraction image, which are arranged in one or more of the viewing directions of the diffraction image.
  • a pulsed laser is preferably used, which emits a residual laser beam of small intensity as a detection laser beam between two laser pulses used as writing laser radiation.
  • the ratio of the time interval of the laser pulses to the pulse duration is preferably greater than 5: 1, preferably greater than 10: 1, particularly preferably greater than 100: 1 or even greater than 500: 1.
  • the inscription laser is preferably Q-switched and for precise control of the residual laser beam with equipped with an analogue circuit control.
  • a polarization filter can be further provided.
  • the labeling device may contain a polygon wheel or a galvano mirror for deflecting the laser radiation of the marking laser.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a banknote with a multi-channel diffraction pattern according to an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the multi-channel diffraction pattern of FIG. 1 in plan view
  • FIG. 3 shows a two-channel diffraction pattern which is guided under a labeling device according to the invention for introducing viewing direction-dependent additional information
  • Fig. 5 is a comparison with the view of Fig. 2 rotated by 90 ° detail of the multi-channel diffraction pattern of Fig. 1 in plan view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is provided on its front side with a multi-channel diffraction pattern 12 according to the invention.
  • the diffraction image 12 reconstructs two typically different diffraction-optical images in two different viewing directions, that is, has two viewing channels.
  • the directions from which the two diffraction-optical images are recognizable under normal incidence of light are designated in FIG. 1 by L (left) and R (right). From the viewer, the two images are typically made visible at a fixed viewing point by tilting the banknote 10 alternately. It is understood that the diffraction pattern 12 can also be designed for other than the viewing directions shown or that more than two viewing channels can be provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the diffraction pattern 12 of FIG. 1 in a schematic representation in plan view.
  • the diffraction pattern 12 includes a first hologram region 20 that reconstructs the first diffractive image when viewed from the viewing direction L, and a second hologram region 22 that reconstructs the second diffractive image when viewed from the viewing direction R.
  • the hologram regions 20 and 22 are each formed by a plurality of alternately arranged narrow strips 24 and 26, respectively, which in the exemplary embodiment have a width of only about 50 ⁇ m and thus can not be resolved with the naked eye.
  • the diffraction pattern 12 contains viewing direction-dependent additional information 30 and 32, which can be recognized only from the viewing direction L or R of the associated hologram.
  • the additional information 30 and 32 are formed by regions 34 and 36 arranged in the respective strips 24 and 26, respectively, in which the optical properties of the diffraction pattern 12 are locally changed by the action of lasers, so that the regions 34, 36 appear as viewed Visually lift L or R against the background of the holograms 20 and 22, respectively.
  • the regions 34, 36 are generated by a local laser-induced modification of the metallization layer of the holograms 20, 22.
  • the modification may, for example, consist in a local material removal of the metallization layer or in a local conversion of the metallization layer into a transparent modification. It is also possible a color change up to the local blackening of the film material.
  • the regions 34, 36 then no longer contribute to the image reconstruction in the viewing direction of the holograms 20 or 22 and thus form defects in the reconstructed holograms.
  • the information content of the regions 34, 36 appears to the viewer as contrasting, dark-appearing additional information 30 or 32 against the background of the bright hologram images.
  • the diffraction pattern 12 below the metallization layer of the holograms 20, 22 contains a further metal layer, preferably with the same color or with the same visual appearance.
  • the metallization layer of the holograms and the further metal layer visible through the recessed or transparent regions 34, 36 then appear as a homogeneous and featureless, shiny metallic surface, so that the additional information 30 and 32 are not visible.
  • FIG. 3 shows a two-channel diffraction image 40 which is still arranged on a sheet and which is guided along in the transporting direction 42 under a marking device 50 for introducing the viewing direction-dependent additional information.
  • the diffraction pattern 40 like the diffraction pattern 12 described above, contains two holograms, which are reconstructed by alternately arranged strips 46, 48 in a viewing direction L (left) and a viewing direction R (right), respectively.
  • the two holograms of the diffraction pattern 40 are to be provided with two viewing direction-dependent additional information items 66 and 68 in such a way that the first additional information 66, in the exemplary embodiment the identification number "2718", only in the hologram visible from the viewing direction L and the second Additional information 68, in the exemplary embodiment a stylized portrait, is recognizable only in the hologram visible from the viewing direction R.
  • the two additional information are raster images from a plurality of pixels, the size of the two raster images being identical in pixels.
  • a Q-switched inscription laser 52 pulsed laser radiation in the embodiment with a pulse width W between 20 and 60 ns and a repetition frequency of 20 kHz, as shown in Fig. 4 (a) schematically.
  • an analogue quality control which is integrated in the control unit 54 of the labeling device 50, it can be achieved that the laser power of the marking laser 52 between the individual laser pulses 70 does not go back to zero, but in that a precisely controllable residual laser radiation 72 is emitted, as shown in Fig. 4 (a).
  • the ratio of the time interval of the laser pulses .DELTA.T to the pulse duration W is about 1000: 1 in the above-mentioned parameters, so that a large time window is available between successive laser pulses 70, in which only the residual laser radiation 72 is emitted.
  • the laser radiation 56 of the marking laser 52 is focused on the surface of the diffraction pattern 40 via a deflection and deflection unit 58, which serves to deflect the laser beam perpendicular to the transport direction 42 of the sheet, and the image reflected back from the diffraction pattern 40 Radiation detected with two in the viewing directions L and R of the diffraction pattern detectors 60 and 62 detected.
  • the signals detected by the detectors 60, 62 are supplied to the control unit 54, which determines on the basis of the supplied signals whether a strip 46 of the left-reconstructing hologram or a strip 48 of the right-reconstructing hologram is currently in the focus of the marking laser 52.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the detector signals of the viewing direction detector L (FIG. 4 (b)) and the viewing direction detector (FIG. 4 (c)).
  • a laser pulse 70 impinges on the diffraction pattern 40
  • both detectors register strong reflection signals 74.
  • "electrical contamination" 76 of the detector signals can also be observed
  • These signal components may originate from the recovery time of the detectors after detection of the intense laser pulse reflex but also caused by couplings from the control electronics
  • Figures 4 (b) and (c) the effect of these effects for illustration exaggerated.
  • the disturbing influence of the mentioned effects can be kept low.
  • the detector response does not return to zero even in the time window .DELTA.T between adjacent laser pulses, since in this period of time the residual laser radiation 72 emitted as a detection laser beam is reflected by the diffraction pattern 40 and leads to idle signals 78 of the detectors 60, 62.
  • the magnitude of these quiescent signals 78 changes significantly each time the transition from a stripe 48 to a stripe 46 or vice versa (for example at time fe in FIG. 4), since the diffraction efficiency of the two stripe types changes in the viewing directions L and R due to the design of the Diffraction pattern 40 clearly different.
  • the change in the silence signals 78, the respective silence level, or the difference in silence levels may be used by the controller 54 to determine the type of strip currently in focus.
  • the detector signals are respectively evaluated in an evaluation time window 80 (FIG. 4 (d)), which is placed in each case shortly before the generation of the subsequent laser pulse. This ensures that, on the one hand, the detector signal is influenced as little as possible by the above-mentioned disturbances and, on the other hand, that the present strip type is correctly determined for the subsequent laser pulse.
  • the control unit 54 After the evaluation of the detector signals, the control unit 54 finally selects the appropriate data set of the two additional information items 66 or 68 and the image information currently to be written on the basis of the detected strip type and controls the pulse output of the labeling laser 52 for the next laser pulse accordingly. For example, in the time slice shown in FIG. 4, with the first laser pulse 70 at time to, a pixel of the additional information 68 for the right-reconstructing hologram is written in a stripe 48, the status of the label control is set to "additional information right" (FIG. 4 (e ), Reference numeral 82).
  • the detectors 60 and 62 are interrogated at a time ti.
  • the evaluation of the detector response does not change the stripe type, so that the status of the labeling control remains at "additional information right" and the next laser pulse 70 writes another pixel of the additional information 68 at the time t 2 .
  • the focus of the laser beam changes from a stripe 48 of the right-reconstructing hologram to a stripe 46 of the left-reconstructing hologram.
  • This change is detected in the next evaluation time window (time U) in the evaluation of the resting level 78 of the two detectors and the status of the labeling control corresponding to "additional information left" switched (reference number 84 in Fig. 4 (e)) t5 then writes a pixel of the additional information 66 for the left-reconstructing hologram in a strip 46.
  • the other laser pulses also write pixels of the additional information 66 until a transition to a strip 48 is detected at a later time, whereupon the status of the labeling control again "Additional information right" is switched.
  • a strip transition is shown, which runs approximately in the middle between two laser pulses.
  • the transition can be Possible errors can be made very small or completely avoided if several or even many laser pulses per strip are provided and the evaluation time window 80 is placed as close as possible to the replenishing laser pulse ,
  • the laser radiation can be polarized, for example along the polarization direction 55 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the polarization can take place, for example, through a polarization filter arranged in the resonant section.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detailed representation of the diffraction pattern 12 rotated by 90 ° with respect to the view of FIG. 2, and represents the individual pixels 90 of an area 34 arranged in a strip 24 of the hologram 20 on the left Direction of the deflection by the deflection and deflection unit 58 parallel to the extension of the strips 24, through which individual scan lines are generated from a plurality of pixels.
  • the feed between the individual scan lines in the direction 94 is effected by the transport of the sheet, as shown in Fig. 3. It has been found to be beneficial to write 5 to 10 such scan lines per strip 24 and 26, respectively. While the pixels 90 in Fig. 5 are all shown in black, it is understood that the pixels are set in practice according to the additional information to be displayed. In this case, both a pure black and white representation, as well as a half-tone representation into consideration, as can be achieved for example by gradually lower or further destruction or modification of the metallization of the diffraction pattern. Experiments have also shown that the contrast of the information provided by the laser increases as the "laser spots" fill the width or height of the stripe, in case of doubt it is better to label the adjacent stripe in the border area than if remaining areas of the affected strip.

Landscapes

  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal au moyen d'informations supplémentaires dépendantes de la direction d'observation. Ledit procédé consiste a) à préparer une image de diffraction multicanal (12) reproduisant des images optiques de diffraction dans diverses directions d'observation (L, R) à diverses conditions d'observation, les informations optiques de diffraction (20, 22) pour les diverses directions d'observation (L, R) étant enregistrées dans diverses zones d'image (24, 26) de l'image de diffraction affectées au canal respectif ; et b) à introduire des informations optiques de diffraction (30, 32) dépendant de la direction d'observation, au moyen d'un faisceau laser d'écriture d'un laser d'inscription, dans au moins un canal de l'image de diffraction multicanal (12), par modification locale (34, 36), par laser, des caractéristiques optiques de l'image de diffraction (12) dans les zones d'image (24, 26) affectées au canal destiné à recevoir les informations supplémentaires ; c) l'identification des zones d'image (24, 26) affectées au canal étant réalisée par un faisceau laser d'identification dans la trajectoire du laser d'inscription.
EP05825516A 2004-12-23 2005-12-22 Procede et dispositif de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal Withdrawn EP1831031A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410063376 DE102004063376A1 (de) 2004-12-23 2004-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines mehrkanaligen Beugungsbildes
PCT/EP2005/013833 WO2006069723A2 (fr) 2004-12-23 2005-12-22 Procede et dispositif de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1831031A2 true EP1831031A2 (fr) 2007-09-12

Family

ID=36571963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05825516A Withdrawn EP1831031A2 (fr) 2004-12-23 2005-12-22 Procede et dispositif de production d'une image de diffraction multicanal

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1831031A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004063376A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006069723A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2514993C1 (ru) * 2012-12-25 2014-05-10 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Гознак" (Фгуп "Гознак") Способ контроля бумаги и устройство для его осуществления (варианты)
DE102020000104A1 (de) 2020-01-10 2021-07-15 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Herstellung eines Prägewerkzeugs und von geprägten Sicherheitselementen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0360969B1 (fr) * 1988-09-30 1993-12-15 Landis & Gyr Business Support AG Elément de diffraction
DE4131964A1 (de) * 1991-09-25 1993-04-08 Holtronic Gmbh Verfahren zur beschriftung oder kennzeichnung von hologrammen
DE50113465D1 (de) 2000-10-12 2008-02-21 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Optisches Merkmal, insbesondere für Wertdokumente, und Herstellungsverfahren zur nachträglichen Individualisierung oder Datenspeicherung
DE10333469A1 (de) * 2003-07-22 2005-02-10 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006069723A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006069723A3 (fr) 2006-08-24
WO2006069723A2 (fr) 2006-07-06
DE102004063376A1 (de) 2006-07-06

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