EP1832813B1 - Dispositif de commande d'alimentation en air - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande d'alimentation en air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1832813B1
EP1832813B1 EP07004059.7A EP07004059A EP1832813B1 EP 1832813 B1 EP1832813 B1 EP 1832813B1 EP 07004059 A EP07004059 A EP 07004059A EP 1832813 B1 EP1832813 B1 EP 1832813B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
control device
supply
supply air
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07004059.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1832813A3 (fr
EP1832813A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl Stefan Riener
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RIENER, KARL STEFAN
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Individual
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Publication of EP1832813A2 publication Critical patent/EP1832813A2/fr
Publication of EP1832813A3 publication Critical patent/EP1832813A3/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
    • F23L13/02—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught pivoted about a single axis but having not other movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L3/00—Arrangements of valves or dampers before the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/02—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in air inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/026—Supply of primary and secondary air for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/04—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating  with internal air ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supply air control device for controlling primary air and / or secondary air for a heating device, such as a furnace.
  • Various types of heating devices in which fuel can be burned are generally known, such as, for example, tiled stoves, wood-burning stoves, pellet stoves and also central heating systems, some of which can also be mixed forms of the aforementioned stoves.
  • modern stoves are known for the living area, for example, in which a transparent window, which is located, for example, in an oven door, provides a view of the fire.
  • steps DE 42 017 40 A1 and DE 195 37 843 A1 It is known to ensure the supply air supply via a primary air and a secondary air in heating devices, for example the stoves mentioned above, and to drop the secondary air flow via a transparent window, as mentioned above, to prevent fogging and sooting of the window. It is also known from these documents to control the supplied secondary air via a separate slide control.
  • the DE 38 33 263 A1 describes a draft control device for a heating device with a convection space arranged around the combustion chamber. Outflow openings for the primary air and the secondary air are assigned to the combustion chamber, to which control devices are arranged. The outflow openings for the secondary air are connected to an outlet of a supply air duct. The inlet of the supply air duct is arranged in the area of the outflow opening or an inlet for a supply air duct for the primary air. A common control device is arranged upstream of the outflow openings or the inlets.
  • DE 200 10 258 U1 describes an air control device for the introduction of primary air and secondary air into the combustion chamber of a furnace, characterized by a housing, with an air inlet, with a primary air outlet and with a secondary air outlet, and through air guiding bodies which can be adjusted relative to one another and via which the air inlet can optionally be connected to the Primary air outlet and / or the secondary air outlet can be connected or the air inlet can be shut off from the two outlets and further by a single actuator which is connected to the relevant air guiding body for the purpose of adjusting it.
  • the WO 99/64789 describes a solid fuel furnace with sensor-controlled control means for different types of inlet air and with a control device that is programmable for the selective control of the control means in order to optimize the combustion under different operating conditions, in particular during the ignition phase, an operating phase with high or low power , a reignition phase and a burnout phase.
  • the DE 199 11 998 A1 describes an oven, especially a fireplace, with better efficiency.
  • a part of the air supply duct is arranged above the flue gas dome in a furnace with a fire place, a flue gas dome arranged above the fire place and an air supply channel which leads combustion air to the fire place.
  • US 4,665,889 describes a wood stove to reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency by increasing the oxygen supply to combustible materials by increasing the mixing of oxygen with combustible Materials and by increasing the dwell time of combustible materials in the furnace.
  • the DE 126 682 C. describes a device for automatic control of the secondary air inlet for furnaces, in which the primary and secondary air inlets are covered by flaps which are connected to one another and are adjusted by the draft of the primary air.
  • the primary air cap (k) and the secondary air cap (I) are arranged side by side on a common axis of rotation (w).
  • the secondary air cap (I) is of equal size on both sides of the axis of rotation, while the primary air cap (k) has a larger area on one side of the axis of rotation than on the other.
  • the aforementioned control of the air supply requires a separate control device for primary air and secondary air, respectively.
  • the aforementioned control of the air supply - in particular the above-mentioned slider - also requires an attentive user who operates the controller by hand. In addition to a certain knowledge of the user about the connection between combustion and primary and secondary air supply, this also requires the presence and the activity of the user. However, this is not very desirable.
  • a control that enables automated control of the air supply is advantageous, in particular, in stoves such as firewood stoves.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved supply air control device.
  • the present invention provides a supply air control device for a kiln, the supply air control device having an air supply opening through which supply air is introduced into the supply air control device, a primary air opening through which supply air can be discharged as primary air from the supply air control device, a secondary air opening through which Supply air can be discharged as secondary air from the supply air control device, and comprises a first and a second control element.
  • the supply air is discharged as primary air and / or as secondary air through the primary air opening or secondary air opening.
  • the present invention provides a furnace for the combustion of a fuel, the furnace comprising a combustion chamber and a supply air control device which controls primary air and secondary air supplied for the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 One embodiment of an air supply control device in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. Before a detailed description follows, general explanations of the exemplary embodiments and their advantages follow.
  • ovens or kilns that act as fuel use wood, for example, in a wide variety of designs.
  • stoves stoves, pellet stoves and also mixed forms, such as stoves, which can also be operated as pellet stoves.
  • the kilns differ in their purpose.
  • stoves are only used to generate heat in a living space.
  • Other kilns also include a baking compartment, for example, and others even serve as central heating.
  • any combination is possible.
  • Such as a wood-burning stove which has a transparent window on its front and thus serves as an eye-catcher in a living room and is also water-bearing to serve as central heating and possibly even uses pellets as fuel so that the fuel supply can be largely automated.
  • Biomass-based fuels are used as fuel in the exemplary embodiments, for example wood in the form of logs, wood waste which is pressed, for example, into pellets, but also wood briquettes, coarse wood chips, fine wood chips, chopped material or stalk material pellets.
  • an important influencing variable for an optimal combustion of fuels is the air supply.
  • air is taken from the room air surrounding a furnace.
  • the air supplied comes from a room that is not closed off, for example from outside a house, that is, from "free nature".
  • the quality of a fuel can vary due to different types of fuel - as is the case for example with different types of wood - or the quality of the fuel can be different within one type of fuel - such as with pellets, which consist of compressed wood waste. It is therefore necessary to adapt the air supply for the furnace to the fuel accordingly.
  • the burning (burning process) of fuel is also influenced by the introduction of the fuel and the arrangement of the fuel in a combustion chamber of a furnace.
  • the burning of stacked logs in a combustion chamber is different from the burning of pellets in a pellet stove, in which the pellets are also automatically supplied.
  • a burning process typically has different burning phases. For example, there is an ignition phase in which the fuel is set on fire, then a stable burning phase in which the existing fuel is burned off, possibly a "refill phase” in which new fuel is added - in other words, where burned, burnt, burned and red-hot in the combustion chamber Fuel coexists - and a burnout phase in which the fuel is to burn completely to ashes. Logically, the temperature of the fuel, the corresponding flame or ember, and the combustion chamber of the furnace and the air in the combustion chamber are different. Accordingly, it is desirable to control the air supply to the burning process accordingly for each individual situation.
  • the burning process of a fuel for example a log or wood pellet, or also other fuels that consist of biomass, can be divided up: i) gasification of the fuel, and ii) combustion of the fuel gases.
  • the gasification of fuel occurs on a firing grate, which is arranged in a lower part of the firing furnace. Fuel is placed on this firing grate. This fuel is set on fire. The combustion of the fuel not only converts the fuel into embers and then ashes, but it also creates gases due to the high temperature of the fuel, which should be burned in the course of optimal combustion. This creates two areas during combustion - a lower one in which the fuel burns and glows and an upper one in which the gases rising up are burned. In some exemplary embodiments, these areas are individually supplied with appropriate air. The lower area with primary air and the upper area where the combustion gases burn, with secondary air, which promotes optimal combustion.
  • a different supply of the combustion process with primary and secondary air results from the above-mentioned aspects.
  • the ignition phase of the fuel for example, it makes sense to primarily supply primary air so that the fuel is set on fire quickly and reaches a high temperature. If the fuel burns once, the primary air supply should only be so good that the burning process is kept alive, otherwise the fuel will be burned too quickly if the supply is too strong and the heat generated is primarily due to the flue gas produced by the combustion and is no longer released into the environment or, for example, a water-bearing heat exchanger. It makes sense to adjust the secondary air supply to match the combustion. Of course, depending on the fuel and combustion phase, any combination of primary air supply and secondary air supply is desirable.
  • This desirable control of the primary air supply and secondary air supply which can be operated simply manually or automatically, is achieved in some exemplary embodiments with a single supply air control device for a kiln according to the invention.
  • the supply air control device comprises an air supply opening through which supply air is introduced into the supply air control device.
  • the supply air comes from the immediate vicinity, for example from the ambient air surrounding the air supply control device.
  • the supply air is taken from the wild or from another room.
  • the supply air control device has, for example, a cuboid, or tubular, elongated shape. But there are also other shapes, such as cube-shaped or spherical realized.
  • the air supply opening is arranged on one side, or at one point, of the supply air control device. This can be, for example, in the case of an elongated shape on an end face of the supply air control device.
  • the air supply opening is circular in some embodiments, but rectangular in others.
  • the diameter of the air supply opening varies in the exemplary embodiments, for example from 5 cm to 20 cm. However, other diameters are also possible which allow an adequate air supply.
  • the air supply control device has a primary air opening and a secondary air opening, through which the supplied air is discharged as primary air or secondary air.
  • the supply air is thus divided into primary air and secondary air in the supply air control device.
  • this division takes over a first and a second control element.
  • the two control elements are arranged such that they can be rotated relative to one another such that the supply air is divided into primary air and secondary air as a function of a rotation or a rotational position of one control element with respect to the other control element.
  • This rotation or rotational position of the control element has the consequence, for example, that the supply air is completely discharged as primary air from the supply air control device.
  • a different rotation or rotational position of the control element has the consequence, for example, that the supply air is completely discharged as secondary air.
  • Another rotation or rotational position ensures that half of the supply air is discharged as primary air and the other half as secondary air.
  • a regulating element comprises control openings or at least one control opening, which are arranged, for example, in such a way that supply air can be passed accordingly through the primary air opening and / or secondary air opening.
  • the first control element comprises, for example, a stationary element and the second control element comprises a rotary element.
  • the rotating element is, for example, rotatably arranged in the stationary element.
  • the stationary element is, for example, fixedly arranged in a kiln, while the rotating element can rotate in the stationary element or around the stationary element.
  • the rotary element is preferably connected so tightly to the stationary element that it can still be easily rotated, but the supply air essentially escapes from the primary air opening and / or secondary air opening.
  • the rotating element is, for example, cylindrical and is rotatably arranged in a corresponding cylindrical cavity of the stationary element. In other exemplary embodiments, however, the rotary element is arranged, for example, around a cylindrical stationary element.
  • the outer shape of the stationary element is arbitrary in some embodiments and can, for example, be cuboid, which, for example, facilitates installation in the kiln.
  • the stationary element is designed, for example, as a hollow cylinder and has assembly areas on its outside.
  • the stationary element has the primary air opening and the secondary air opening.
  • the supply air is introduced through the air supply opening into the supply air control device or into the rotary element, which for example comprises control openings which are arranged corresponding to the primary air opening and secondary air opening of the stationary element.
  • the air can then escape through the primary air opening and / or through the secondary air opening in the stationary element.
  • the primary air opening and secondary air opening in the stationary element are completely or partially covered or are completely or partially open, i.e.
  • control opening (s) are in a position corresponding to the primary air opening and / or secondary air opening.
  • the rotary element is thus designed such that, depending on the rotational position or rotational position in the stationary element, the incoming air is discharged through the primary air opening and / or secondary air opening.
  • the rotating element is cylindrical, has a cylinder jacket and is closed at one end, ie an end face of the cylinder jacket.
  • the rotary element is open on the side opposite the closed end, so that the supply air can be introduced there.
  • the rotating element has, for example, two slot-shaped openings or control openings in the cylinder jacket, which are each arranged at the level of the primary air opening and secondary air opening in the stationary element.
  • the two slot-shaped openings extend, for example, with the longer side in the polar direction and are, for example, twice as long in the polar direction as the primary air or secondary air opening. When viewed in the radial direction of the rotary element, the slot-shaped openings overlap by half.
  • the rotating element can be rotated into a position in which a slot-shaped opening is arranged half below the primary air or secondary air opening of the stationary element. In this position, half of the supply air is discharged from the primary air opening and half from the secondary air opening. If you turn the rotating element out of this rotational position in one direction, one of the two slot-shaped openings will continue to move in the polar direction in such a way that it continues to leave the primary air opening open, for example, while the other slot-shaped opening - in this example - reduces the secondary air opening until finally a position is reached in which only the primary air opening is open and the secondary air opening is completely closed. The primary air opening is then also closed by further turning.
  • the supply air control device additionally has an adjusting means.
  • This actuating means is connected, for example, to a control element, for example the rotary element.
  • the rotary element can be rotated into the desired rotational position with the adjusting means.
  • the adjusting means comprises an axis, which is connected to the axis of rotation of the rotating element and, in some embodiments, additionally, for example, a handle for turning or an electromotive drive means, such as an electric servomotor.
  • the supply air control device also comprises an electronic control which, for example, controls an electric or electromotive drive means or the actuating means.
  • the electronic controls Control of the discharged primary air and / or secondary air as a function of at least one parameter that characterizes a combustion process, for example described above.
  • a parameter can be obtained, for example, via a flue gas sensor that analyzes the flue gas generated when a fuel is burned.
  • the electronic control can determine, for example, that more primary air is required for better combustion and consequently, for example, bring the rotary element into a corresponding rotational position with the aid of the actuating means, which results in a stronger primary air supply.
  • the electronic control can, for example, discharge more primary air than secondary air from the supply air control device in a starting phase of a combustion process and / or in the ignition phase of the fuel and thus ensure an optimal combustion process.
  • the discharged primary air is supplied to the side facing away from combustion in a combustion chamber of a furnace.
  • the combustion of a fuel has an area in which the still solid fuel is in the combustion and an upper area in which the gases resulting from the combustion of the fuel are burned.
  • the side facing away from the combustion is the side viewed from below of the burning fuel in the direction of the rising gases. While the side facing the combustion is the side facing the rising combustion gases.
  • burning fuel which is located on a firing grate in a firing furnace, is supplied with primary air from below the firing grate, while it is supplied with secondary air from above.
  • a furnace includes a combustion chamber and a supply air control device, such as was described above, for example.
  • primary air is conducted, for example, into a lower region of the combustion chamber, while secondary air is conducted, for example, into an upper region of the combustion chamber.
  • the lower area of the combustion chamber is characterized in some exemplary embodiments by the fact that there is fuel which is to be burned or which is burning, while in the upper area the gases produced during the combustion are burned.
  • the kiln also includes, for example, a transparent window that is attached, for example, in an oven door.
  • Transparent windows in kilns tend to mist up and soot, which is why in some exemplary embodiments the secondary air is guided from the upper region of the combustion chamber to the lower region of the combustion chamber along the transparent window, like a kind of air curtain, and thus soiling and / or fogging the window is prevented. Due to its lower temperature and the associated higher density, the secondary air falls from top to bottom than that of the combustion chamber air in the combustion chamber. In the lower area of the combustion chamber, the secondary air is then fed, for example, to the combustion.
  • the secondary air is cooled by a heat exchanger located in the furnace. This is particularly advantageous if the temperature difference between the secondary air and the combustion chamber air is not sufficient for the secondary air to fall down on the transparent pane to the extent that it is kept clean.
  • the heat exchanger is connected to the room air surrounding the kiln, so that heat from the secondary air is released into the room air.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a supply air control device 1 in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the supply air control device 1 comprises a fixed, non-movable part (hereinafter referred to as "stator") - stator 5, which receives a rotatable part (hereinafter referred to as "rotor") - rotor 7.
  • the rotor 7 is hollow in the form of a cylinder and has control openings 9, of which in Fig. 1 only one is visible.
  • the stator 5 is cuboid on the outside and cylindrical on the inside corresponding to the rotor 7, so that the rotor 7 can be rotated about an axis 11 within the stator 5.
  • the stator 5 additionally has two openings, a primary air opening 17 and a secondary air opening 15, each of which has a rectangular shape.
  • a tubular connecting piece 19 which has an air supply opening 3 through which supply air enters the supply air control device 1.
  • air passes through the opening 3 into the rotor 7 and is then discharged out of the control opening 9 and the secondary air opening 15 out of the supply air control device 1 again.
  • the control openings 9 of the rotor 7 are arranged such that, depending on the rotational position of the rotor 7, they let air through the primary air opening 17 and / or secondary air opening 15.
  • the rotor 7 is rotatably mounted on an axis of rotation 11, which centrally breaks through a second end face opposite the first end face. This second end face is connected to the stator 5 by screws 13.
  • the axis of rotation 11 is rotatably held by an axis holding element 23, which is also connected to the second end face.
  • Both the stator 5 and the rotor 7 are made of aluminum profiles. In other exemplary embodiments, these elements, rotor and stator are injection molded, for example from plastic, or molded by other known methods. Both the rotor and the stator can be manufactured in one piece or in several parts.
  • FIG. 2 Another perspective view of the supply air control device 1 is illustrated.
  • the interior of the supply air control device 1 with the rotor 7 and a further axis of rotation holder 21 is visible through the air supply opening 3.
  • the axis of rotation holder 21 holds the axis of rotation 11 in the center.
  • the star shape of the axis of rotation holder 21 ensures that the axis of rotation 11 is supported centrally, so that the rotor 7 can rotate about the axis 11.
  • the tubular connecting piece 19 is visible, to which, for example, a supply air pipe (not shown) can be connected.
  • a supply air pipe not shown
  • the primary air opening 17 and the secondary air opening 15 are visible, through which supply air which has entered the rotor 7 through the air supply opening 3 can be discharged.
  • supply air is discharged through the primary air opening 17 and / or secondary air opening 15 from the supply air control device.
  • the supply air can be divided into any volume proportions between the primary air opening 17 and the secondary air opening 15 by adjusting the corresponding rotational position of the rotor 7. This is achieved in that, depending on the rotational position of the rotor 7, the primary or secondary air opening is closed by the rotor 7, or a part of the control opening 9 (see FIG.
  • control opening 9 releases the primary air opening or secondary air opening.
  • the control opening 9 can be designed in any way. In some embodiments (not shown), the control opening is circular, in others it is angular, in others it is laid out in a grid, etc.
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the supply air control device 31 along a line BB shown in FIG Fig. 3 is shown.
  • the supply air control device also has an electromotive drive 50 which is connected to the rotor 37 via an axis of rotation 41.
  • a connecting piece 49 is shown which has an air supply opening 33.
  • FIG. 5 illustrated front view of the supply air control device 31
  • screw connections 51 are visible with those in FIG Fig. 5 visible end face, or the stator 35, is connected to other sides of the supply air control device 31.
  • the arrangement of the axis of rotation 41 in the center of the rotor 37 and an axis of rotation holder 53 for the axis of rotation 41 are shown.
  • the axis of rotation holder ensures that the axis of rotation 41 is centrally supported, so that the rotor 37 is rotatably supported.
  • the in Fig. 6 shown section through the supply air control 31 along one in Fig. 4
  • the section axis AA shown shows a section through the stator 35.
  • the stator 35 has an air chamber 53 which serves to cool the electromotive drive 50.
  • Supply air that enters the rotor 37 through the opening 33 for example through a supply air pipe connected to the connecting piece 49, is passed through a control opening 39 (see FIG. Fig. 7 ) passed into the air chamber 53.
  • the supply air generally has a temperature which is below the temperature of the electromotive drive 50 and is therefore suitable for cooling the electromotive drive 50.
  • the electromotive drive 50 is connected to the rotor 37 via the axis of rotation 41, so that the rotor 37 can be rotated accordingly with this electromotive drive 50.
  • the electric motor drive 50 includes a safety function, so that in an emergency, for example in the event of a power failure or a defect in the electric motor drive 50, the axis of rotation 41 can be decoupled from the drive 50 and manual operation of the supply air control device 31 is thus possible.
  • Fig. 7 a schematic sectional view of the supply air control device 31 is shown.
  • Supply air passes through the air supply opening 33 into the rotor 37, which has control openings 39.
  • the control openings 39 are arranged such that air supplied through the air supply opening 33 is discharged through the control openings 39, depending on the rotational position of the rotor 37, through a primary air opening 47 and / or secondary air opening 45.
  • the supplied air is discharged from the supply air control device 31 in a certain ratio through the primary air opening 47 and the secondary air opening 45.
  • the ratio depends on the rotational position of the rotor 37, on which in turn the position of the control openings 39 with respect to the primary air opening 47 or the secondary air opening 45 depends.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a third embodiment with a furnace 61 with an air supply control device 63 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the furnace 61 comprises a combustion chamber 62 in which, for example, fuel is to be burned.
  • the supply air control device 63 has a supply air connection 67 through which supply air 65 can be supplied.
  • the supply air 65 can be taken from the room air surrounding the furnace 61, or else independently, from the outside, for example as a fresh air supply from outside a building.
  • the supply air control device 61 is, for example, a supply air control device as described above in connection with the first and second exemplary embodiments.
  • the supply air control device 61 has a primary air opening 71 and a secondary air opening 73, through which the supplied supply air 65 is distributed into the combustion chamber.
  • supply air 65 which flows out of the primary air opening 71, reaches a lower region of the combustion chamber 62 of the furnace 61.
  • supply air 65 which flows out of the secondary air opening 73, passes through a corresponding secondary air duct 77, which is in the center in a rear region (left in Fig. 8 ) of the furnace 61 is arranged, past the combustion chamber 62 upwards.
  • part of the secondary air of the secondary air duct 77 is brought into a glowing zone of the combustion chamber 62 in order to supply combustion in the combustion chamber 62 with air accordingly.
  • the secondary air duct 77 extends in an oblique direction in an upper region of the combustion chamber 62 and finally ends in a distribution space 79 in which the Secondary air from the secondary air duct 77 is distributed such that it can fall down as an air curtain over the entire width of a transparent pane 87 of the kiln 61. As a result, the transparent window 87 is rinsed, as it were, and fogging and sooting are prevented. After falling, the secondary air enters a lower area of the combustion chamber 62 in order to supply combustion with the appropriate air there.
  • the air supply via the primary air opening 71 and secondary air 73 is controlled by an electric motor or via a handle 69.
  • the handle 69 is connected to a rotor in the supply air control device 63 via a connecting rod 75.
  • the connecting rod 75 is also rotated and thus also the rotor.
  • the supply air 65 is distributed in the supply air control device 62 via the primary air opening 71 and secondary air opening 73 depending on the rotational position of the rotor.
  • a targeted control of a combustion process in the combustion chamber 62 is thus possible. For example, in an ignition phase of a fuel, primary air can be led into the combustion chamber from below so that the fuel quickly catches fire.
  • the secondary air fulfills two functions in this exemplary embodiment. First, the formation of an air curtain keeps the transparent window 87 clear, in particular fogging and sooting of the transparent window 87 is prevented. And secondly, the secondary air, after it has fallen down on the transparent window 87, provides a corresponding air supply in the lower region of the combustion chamber 62. For example, gases which are produced during the combustion of the fuel are optimally burned.
  • FIG. 9 4 illustrates a fourth embodiment with a furnace 91 having an air supply control device 93 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the kiln 91 comprises a supply air control device 93, the supply air 95 (from the left in FIG Fig. 9 supplied) distributed through a primary air opening 101 and secondary air opening 103 into a combustion chamber 92 of the furnace 91.
  • the supply air control device 93 comprises a supply air connection piece 97 and can be controlled automatically by an electric motor drive and also manually by a hand controller 99, which is connected via a connecting rod 105 to a rotor of the supply air control device 93.
  • the secondary air emerging from the secondary air opening 103 is passed through a secondary air duct 107, which is behind (left in Fig. 9 )
  • the combustion chamber 92 is arranged centrally upwards, ie into an upper region of the combustion chamber 92. In this region, the secondary air duct 107 bends to the right Fig. 9 and is surrounded by a heat exchanger 102.
  • the secondary air heats up due to the heat emitted by the combustion chamber 92, so that the secondary air would no longer fall down as desired in the subsequent flushing process via a transparent screen 117.
  • the heat exchanger 100 which is connected, for example, to room air that surrounds the furnace 91, extracts heat from the secondary air and releases it into the room air, so that due to the cooling of the secondary air, it has a sufficiently high density to function as a purge Clear lens 117 to meet.
  • the supply air control device can be controlled automatically or manually.
  • the supply air control device includes, for example, emergency operation, so that if the electromotive drive is defective or there is a power failure, the air supply can be regulated manually using a handle.
  • the furnace and / or the supply air control device comprises an electronic control, which in turn comprises a smoke sensor, for example.
  • the smoke sensor is installed, for example, in a flue gas duct in the furnace, through which flue gas generated during combustion is derived, and measures, for example, the smoke density.
  • Temperature sensors can also be attached, for example in the flue gas duct, but also in a supply air duct and / or in a primary air duct and secondary air duct.
  • at least one of the sensors mentioned can be present, which then transmits corresponding parameters to the electronic ones Provide control so that this causes the distribution of the supply air into primary air and secondary air accordingly. This is done, for example, by sending corresponding control signals to an electric motor drive, which then brings a rotor of the supply air control device into one position (rotational position) so that the desired ratio of primary air to secondary air is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant pour de l'air primaire et/ou de l'air secondaire pour un four à combustion, comprenant :
    une ouverture d'amenée d'air (3 ; 33), par laquelle de l'air entrant peut être introduit dans le dispositif de commande d'air entrant (1 ; 31 ; 63 ; 93),
    une ouverture d'air primaire (17 ; 47 ; 71 ; 101), par laquelle de l'air entrant peut être évacué en tant qu'air primaire hors du dispositif de commande d'air entrant (1 ; 31 ; 63 ; 93),
    une ouverture d'air secondaire (15 ; 45 ; 73 ; 103), par laquelle de l'air entrant peut être évacué en tant qu'air secondaire hors du dispositif de commande d'air entrant (1 ; 31 ; 63 ; 93),
    un premier élément de régulation et un deuxième élément de régulation pour commander l'air entrant en tant qu'air primaire et/ou en tant qu'air secondaire, et
    l'ouverture d'air primaire (17 ; 47 ; 71 ; 101) et l'ouverture d'air secondaire (15 ; 45 ; 73 ; 103) se situent sensiblement dans un plan,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier élément de régulation comprend un élément stationnaire (5 ; 35) et le deuxième élément de régulation comprend un élément de rotation (7 ; 37) avec au moins une ouverture de commande (9 ; 39), lequel est disposé de manière à pouvoir tourner dans l'élément stationnaire (5 ; 35) de telle manière que l'air entrant peut être évacué par l'ouverture d'air primaire (17 ; 47 ; 71 ; 101) ou l'ouverture d'air secondaire (15 ; 45 ; 73 ; 103) en fonction de la rotation au choix en totalité en tant qu'air primaire ou en tant qu'air secondaire ou de manière répartie en tant qu'air primaire et en tant qu'air secondaire.
  2. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 1, lequel présente en supplément un moyen de réglage (50 ; 69 ; 75 ; 99, 105), lequel est relié à au moins un élément de régulation (5, 7 ; 35, 37).
  3. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 2, où le moyen de réglage (50 ; 69, 75 ; 99, 105) est réalisé de manière à ajuster dans au moins une direction l'élément de régulation (5, 7 ; 35, 37) relié au moyen de réglage (50 ; 69, 75 ; 99, 105).
  4. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 3, où le moyen de réglage comprend un entraînement (50) électrique.
  5. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, où le moyen de réglage (50) est commandé au moyen d'une commande électronique.
  6. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 5, où la commande électronique commande l'air primaire ou l'air secondaire évacué en fonction d'au moins un paramètre, qui caractérise une opération de combustion dans le four de combustion.
  7. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 6, où la commande électronique comprend un capteur de gaz de fumée, qui fournit au moins un paramètre à la commande, qui caractérise du gaz de fumée produit par l'opération de combustion.
  8. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon la revendication 7, où la commande électronique évacue plus d'air primaire que d'air secondaire dans une phase de démarrage de l'opération de combustion.
  9. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui présente un raccord d'air entrant (67), par lequel de l'air entrant provenant d'un espace, dans lequel le four de combustion est disposé, peut être amené.
  10. Dispositif de commande d'air entrant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, qui présente un raccord d'air entrant (67), par lequel de l'air entrant provenant d'un espace non fermé peut être amené.
  11. Four de combustion pour la combustion d'un combustible, comprenant :
    une chambre de combustion (62 ; 92), et
    un dispositif de commande d'air entrant (1 ; 31) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, pour la commande de l'amenée d'air primaire et/ou d'air secondaire amené pour la combustion du combustible dans la chambre de combustion (62 ; 92).
  12. Four de combustion selon la revendication 11, où le dispositif de commande d'air entrant est disposé dans une zone inférieure du four de combustion (61 ; 91).
  13. Four de combustion selon la revendication 11 ou 12, où l'air secondaire est acheminé par un système de tuyaux (77 ; 107) depuis une zone inférieure du four de combustion dans une zone supérieure du four de combustion.
  14. Four de combustion selon la revendication 13, où le système de tuyaux (107) traverse un échangeur de chaleur (100) de sorte que l'air secondaire distribue de la chaleur à l'échangeur de chaleur (100).
  15. Four de combustion selon la revendication 13, où le système de tuyaux (83) est acheminé à travers la chambre de combustion (62) depuis la zone inférieure du four de combustion dans la zone supérieure du four de combustion.
  16. Four de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 15, comprenant en supplément une vitre transparente (87 ; 117) devant la chambre de combustion (62 ; 92), dans lequel l'air secondaire s'écoule depuis le haut vers le bas le long de la vitre transparente (87 ; 117) et parvient pour finir dans une zone inférieure de la chambre de combustion (62 ; 92).
  17. Four de combustion selon la revendication 14, où l'échangeur de chaleur (100) est relié à l'air ambiant, qui entoure le four de combustion (61 ; 91).
EP07004059.7A 2006-03-10 2007-02-27 Dispositif de commande d'alimentation en air Active EP1832813B1 (fr)

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DE102006011251A DE102006011251B4 (de) 2006-03-10 2006-03-10 Zuluftsteuervorrichtung

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AT505769B1 (de) * 2008-02-27 2009-04-15 Haas & Sohn Ofentechnik Gmbh Ofen
WO2010029567A2 (fr) * 2008-07-23 2010-03-18 First Energy Private Limited Appareil de poêle à biomasse et procédé pour son utilisation
DE102009005178B4 (de) * 2009-01-15 2012-01-19 Spartherm Feuerungstechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von festen Brennstoffen
AT507930B1 (de) * 2009-02-23 2010-09-15 Haas & Sohn Ofentechnik Gmbh Regelung der luftzufuhr für einen ofen und ofen mit einer derartigen regelung
FR2945105B1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2011-07-29 Brisach Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation en air d'un poele
FR2947613B1 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2013-08-16 Chemines Seguin Duteriez Appareil de chauffage a foyer ferme equipe d'un dispositif de reglage de l'alimentation en air
FR2956473B1 (fr) * 2010-02-15 2012-02-03 Lorflam Foyer de cheminee
AT510964B1 (de) 2011-03-01 2012-08-15 Karl Stefan Riener Zuluftsteuervorrichtung für primär- und/oder sekundärluft für eine heizeinrichtung sowie damit ausgestattete heizeinrichtung
DE102011108557A1 (de) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Sht Heiztechnik Aus Salzburg Gmbh Zuluftsteurung für eine heizeinrichtung
EP2806214B1 (fr) 2013-05-24 2016-09-07 Fröling Heizkessel- und Behälterbau, Gesellschaft m.b.H Chaudière
DE202013012392U1 (de) 2013-05-24 2016-08-25 Fröling Heizkessel- und Behälterbau, Gesellschaft m.b.H. Heizkessel
DE102013014576A1 (de) * 2013-09-02 2015-03-05 Mertik Maxitrol Gmbh & Co. Kg Einrichtung zur Regelung der Verbrennungsluftzufuhr
HRP20181516T1 (hr) * 2014-02-17 2018-11-30 Gruppo Piazzetta S.r.l. Uređaj za podešavanje za generatore topline

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DE102006011251B4 (de) 2008-07-24
EP1832813A3 (fr) 2018-03-14
DK1832813T3 (da) 2020-09-21
EP1832813A2 (fr) 2007-09-12
DE102006011251A1 (de) 2007-09-13

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