EP1859462A1 - Dispositif d'actionnement magnetique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'actionnement magnetique

Info

Publication number
EP1859462A1
EP1859462A1 EP06725030A EP06725030A EP1859462A1 EP 1859462 A1 EP1859462 A1 EP 1859462A1 EP 06725030 A EP06725030 A EP 06725030A EP 06725030 A EP06725030 A EP 06725030A EP 1859462 A1 EP1859462 A1 EP 1859462A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
magnetic
end position
reference element
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06725030A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1859462B1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg HAGEN
Carsten Protze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1859462A1 publication Critical patent/EP1859462A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1859462B1 publication Critical patent/EP1859462B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic actuator with a reference element, a relative to the reference element movably arranged between a first end position and a second actuator, wherein the reference element and / or the actuator comprises magnetizable material, a drive coil for generating the actuator from the first end position in the second end position moving magnetic field, a mechanical tensioning device for holding mechanical energy with which the actuator is to be brought from the second end position to the first end position, and a fixing means having a permanent magnet for generating an actuator relative to the reference element in the second end position fixing holding force.
  • the invention further relates to a switching device with a switch and such a magnetic actuator.
  • Such a magnetic actuator is preferably used to operate a high voltage or power switch.
  • Such an actuating device is known from EP 0 867 903 B1. This is designed to operate a vacuum switch to interrupt a high voltage circuit.
  • the actuator is moved against a restoring force of coil springs by means of an electromagnet from an open position to a closed position. In the closed position, the vacuum switch is then closed, ie a movable contact part of the vacuum switch contacts a fixed contact part of the switch.
  • On the actuator is still a permanent magnet whose magnetic field in motion direction of the actuator acts. In the on position, this permanent magnetic force holds the actuator against the return action of the coil springs.
  • the applied force from the permanent magnet is therefore very large, whereby a correspondingly large-sized permanent magnet must be attached to the actuator.
  • DE 103 09 697 discloses a magnetic linear drive having an iron core and a coil.
  • a movable armature is associated with a yoke and a permanent magnet. In a first end position of the armature, this is held due to the magnetic holding forces generated by the permanent magnet and a yoke bridging a gap in the iron core.
  • the actuator is held by mechanical latching in the end positions. That the mechanical latch provides a holding force in the direction of movement of the actuator.
  • mechanical latching is not always reliable in practice and also susceptible to wear, resulting in considerable costs.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a magnetic switching device with a compact designed magnetic actuator, in which a fixation of the actuator in the second end position can be reliably realized.
  • the fixing device comprises a permanent magnet containing, separate from the actuator fixing unit.
  • the task is also ner switching device with a switch and such an actuator dissolved.
  • the actuator fixing unit By providing a separate from the actuator fixing unit with the permanent magnet, no permanent magnet must be attached to the actuator, whereby the actuator can be made much more compact.
  • the reference element which generally surrounds the actuator, can thus be reduced in its dimensioning accordingly.
  • the magnetic actuator can be made more compact overall, but at the same time a fixation of the actuator in the second end position can be reliably realized.
  • the fixing unit is arranged separately from the reference element. This allows a particularly compact design of the unit formed by the reference element and the actuator of the magnetic actuator.
  • both the reference element and the actuator have magnetizable material, in particular ferromagnetic material.
  • the magnetic field generated by the drive coil can act both on the reference element and on the actuator for moving the actuator from the first end position to the second end position.
  • the magnetic holding force generated by the fixing device acts transversely to the direction of movement of the actuator.
  • the holding force required for fixing the actuator is then small. compared to a force urging the actuator from the locking position in the direction of movement of the actuator. Due to the relatively small amount of force required to hold the actuator, the fixation can be reliably realized. Also, only a correspondingly small amount of force is needed to solve the actuator from the fixation. Furthermore, by maintaining the finding no major costs, since only a relatively small holding force must be applied. Also, the low holding force hardly causes wear of the components acted upon with it, whereby the maintenance costs are reduced.
  • the reference element is coupled to the actuator via a lever arrangement which is designed to convert a force exerted by the actuator on the lever arrangement in the direction of movement of the actuator force into a transversely acting force smaller amount.
  • the actuator can be kept in a technically particularly simple and reliable manner by utilizing a smaller holding force in the second final setting position as compared to a restoring force applied to the actuator.
  • the provisioning costs for the holding reduce force as well as wear of the components to which the holding force acts, largely avoid.
  • the lever arrangement has a first lever which can be fastened rotatably to the reference element and a second lever which can be fastened rotatably to the actuator, wherein, in particular, the first lever and the second lever are connected to one another via a rotary joint.
  • the actuator can be kept in a particularly simple manner in the intended locking position, preferably the rotary joint for connecting the lever with a magnetizable material having a retaining element is coupled.
  • This magnetizable material may be in particular ferromagnetic material.
  • a magnetic field provided for fixing the holding element magnetizes such a holding element and exerts a corresponding magnetic holding force thereon.
  • the magnetic field emanating from the permanent magnet of the fixing device serves to fix the holding element to the fixing device, which in particular is fixed relative to the reference element. This can be on technically particularly simple and reliable way to realize the determination of the actuator in the intended position.
  • the fixing device and the retaining element in the position in which the retaining element is fixed to the fixing device form parts of a closed iron circle. That is, the holding member closes an open position of a magnetic iron circle.
  • the holding member closes an open position of a magnetic iron circle.
  • the holding member closes an open position of a magnetic iron circle.
  • the two holding elements can complete an iron circle by applying them on two spaced apart iron parts, wherein one of the iron parts contains a magnetic field generating element, such as a permanent magnet.
  • a magnetic field generating element such as a permanent magnet.
  • the mechanical tensioning device comprises a return spring.
  • the fixing device furthermore has a magnetic Tables separating coil, by means of which a counter-magnetic field can be generated, which counteracts the holding force generated by the permanent magnet. If now the counter-magnetic field is generated by means of the magnetic separating coil, then the holding force is reduced to such an extent that the force approximately exceeds a restoring spring, the holding force. As a result, the retainer moves away from the fixture. Since the strength of the holding magnetic field greatly decreases with increasing distance of the holding element from the fixing device, the magnetic separating coil can be quickly switched off again as soon as the holding element has a suitable distance from the fixing device.
  • the actuator moves automatically with disconnected coil by the force of the return spring automatically in the opposite end position, in particular in the open position. Since the isolating coil only has to be operated for a short time in order to switch off the switch, only a small amount of energy is required for this, which can optionally be provided by a suitably designed capacitor.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an actuating device according to the invention with an actuator located in an open position
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the actuator of the invention shown in FIG. 1, wherein the actuator is in a closed position
  • 3 shows a sectional view of the actuating device shown in FIG. 1 with a cutting plane rotated by 90 ° with respect to the sectional plane of FIG. 1, FIG.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the actuator shown in Fig. 2 with a respect to the sectional plane of Fig. 2 rotated by 90 ° cutting plane, and
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of the voltage applied to a lever arrangement of the actuating device according to the invention forces.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a magnetic actuation device according to the invention for actuating a high-voltage switch in a first sectional view. It shows an electromagnetic plunger-type armature drive which has a reference element 1 made of ferromagnetic material designed as a stator, a magnetic drive coil 2 serving as a turn-on coil and an actuator 3 made of ferromagnetic material designed as an armature.
  • a reference element 1 made of ferromagnetic material designed as a stator
  • a magnetic drive coil 2 serving as a turn-on coil
  • an actuator 3 made of ferromagnetic material designed as an armature.
  • the reference element 1 and the actuator 3 have corresponding oblique, from the magnetic flux of the drive coil 2 interspersed anchor and stator surfaces. This geometry makes it possible to optimally use the magnetic force generated by the magnetic drive coil 2, in particular with a large distance of the stator and armature surfaces to each other.
  • Figure 1 shows the actuator 3 in the off position. In this position, contact elements of the actuated via the control rod 3a high-voltage switch are disconnected.
  • the actuator 3 is made of ferromagnetic material and can be moved by means of serving as Einschaltspule magnetic drive coil 2 in the closed position shown in Figure 2. In this position, a small gap between the inclined surfaces of the reference element 1 and the actuator 3 remains to prevent mechanical welding of the two elements.
  • return springs 4 and 4 ' When switching on two arranged respectively between the actuator 3 and the reference element 1 return springs 4 and 4 'are compressed and thus put under tension.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic illustrations of one in FIGS. 3 and 4 with respect to the sectional view of FIG. level of Figures 1 and 2 by 90 ° rotated cutting plane illustrated fixing device 16th
  • the fixing device 16 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 consists of an open iron circle 5, a permanent magnet 6 and a magnetic separating coil 15.
  • the open iron circle consists of three preferably fixed individual iron parts 5a, 5b and 5c.
  • the first iron part 5a and the second iron part 5b are connected to each other via the permanent magnet 6, while a third iron part 5c is arranged offset upward with respect to the first two iron parts 5a and 5b.
  • This third iron part 5c is surrounded by the magnetic separation coil.
  • the two holding elements 7 and 7 ' are each arranged on a lever arrangement designed as a lever arrangement 8 or 8'. net.
  • the two lever arrangements 8 and 8 'each have a first lever 9 or 9' and a second lever 10 or 10 'connected thereto via a lever connection joint 13 or 13'.
  • the first lever arrangement 8 is in the sectional view shown on the left in FIGS. 3 and 4 with respect to the fixing device 16 and the second lever arrangement 8 'on the right.
  • the holding elements 7 and 7 'to the fixing device 16 In the closed position, the holding elements are 7 or 7 'to the respective contact surfaces of the open iron circuit 5 and are held by the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 6 thereto.
  • This magnetic holding force 14 or 14 ' is sufficient to keep the actuator 3 against the restoring force of the return springs 4 and 4' in the closed position.
  • the holding force 14 or 14 ' can e.g. by a factor of 10 be smaller than the restoring force of the return springs 4 and 4 '.
  • FIG. 5 shows the force transmission through the lever arrangement 8 'in the switched-on position shown in FIG. In this case, one behaves on the first pivot 12 'of the lever assembly in the direction of movement of the actuator 3 applied force F2 to a force acting on the lever joint joint 13 'perpendicular to the force F2 Fl as follows:
  • ⁇ i is the external angle between the direction of the force F2 and the direction of the first lever 9 'and 0 ( 2 is the external angle between the direction of the force F2 and the direction of the second lever 10'.
  • the actuator described is an electromagnetic actuator with a large stroke, in which the Ausoderergie is kept in the return spring.
  • This embodiment allows for a so-called OCO switching sequence a reduced provision of electrical energy. As shown, takes place in the closed position permanent magnetic positional fixing, whereas in the off position, a mechanical positional fixation due to the bias of the return springs.
  • the switch-on position and the switch-off position are the only two stable positions of the actuator.
  • the actuator Before the OCO switching sequence, the actuator is in the closed position, whereby the energy for the first turn-off is already stored in the return springs.
  • the power for the second cut-off is supplied to the system during start-up (return springs are cocked).
  • the energy For an OCO switching sequence, therefore, only the energy must be kept available for a switch-on (eg in capacitors), this energy corresponding to the energy requirement of the system for switching on and off, since the return springs are tensioned during switch-on.
  • the provision of the energy for the first switch-off is saved in the actuator according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'actionnement magnétique comportant les éléments suivants : un élément de référence (1) ; un élément de réglage (3) disposé mobile entre une première position terminale et une deuxième position terminale relativement à l'élément de référence (1), l'élément de référence (1) et/ou l'élément de réglage (3) comportant une matière magnétisable ; une bobine d'entraînement (2) pour générer un champ magnétique qui fait passer l'élément de réglage (3) de la première position terminale en deuxième position terminale ; un dispositif de serrage mécanique (4,4') pour exercer une énergie mécanique qui fait passer l'élément de réglage (3) de la deuxième position terminale en première position terminale ; un dispositif de fixation (16) comportant un aimant permanent (6) pour générer une force de maintien fixant l'élément de réglage (3) dans la deuxième position terminale relativement à l'élément de référence (1). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de fixation (16) comporte une unité de fixation (5) séparée de l'élément de réglage (3) et dotée de l'aimant permanent (6).
EP06725030.8A 2005-03-16 2006-03-14 Dispositif d'actionnement magnetique Expired - Lifetime EP1859462B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005013197A DE102005013197A1 (de) 2005-03-16 2005-03-16 Magnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung
PCT/EP2006/060672 WO2006097452A1 (fr) 2005-03-16 2006-03-14 Dispositif d'actionnement magnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1859462A1 true EP1859462A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
EP1859462B1 EP1859462B1 (fr) 2013-05-01

Family

ID=36481506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06725030.8A Expired - Lifetime EP1859462B1 (fr) 2005-03-16 2006-03-14 Dispositif d'actionnement magnetique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7746202B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1859462B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101142647B (fr)
DE (1) DE102005013197A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006097452A1 (fr)

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CN101162659A (zh) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-16 Abb技术有限公司 用于电力系统中的开关设备
CN101615477B (zh) * 2009-04-28 2011-04-06 浙江大学 双锥型盘式比例电磁铁
ITMI20092145A1 (it) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-05 Aquilio Fabiano D Elettromagnete ad ancora o nucleo mobile concava o convessa atta ad ottimizzare le prestazioni attraverso una migliore distribuzione del flusso magnetico.
DE102010047261B4 (de) 2010-10-01 2013-04-25 Trw Automotive Electronics & Components Gmbh Schaltvorrichtung
DE102011004958A1 (de) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Trenneinrichtung zum Separieren von in einer Suspension enthaltenen magnetischen oder magnetisierbaren Teilchen
DE102011014192B4 (de) * 2011-03-16 2014-03-06 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Aktuatorvorrichtung
US20120268225A1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-25 Honeywell International Inc. Solenoid actuator with surface features on the poles
JP5427210B2 (ja) * 2011-07-05 2014-02-26 本田技研工業株式会社 ソレノイドおよび電磁弁
US9448315B2 (en) * 2011-12-27 2016-09-20 Cgg Services Sa Device and method for denoising ocean bottom data
DE102012107922A1 (de) * 2012-08-28 2014-03-06 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Aktuatorvorrichtung
JP6265657B2 (ja) * 2013-08-26 2018-01-24 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
US9347579B2 (en) 2013-10-03 2016-05-24 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Flux bypass for solenoid actuator
EP3143631B1 (fr) * 2014-05-14 2018-05-09 ABB Schweiz AG Actionneur basé sur bobine de thomson
CN109920665B (zh) * 2019-04-17 2022-06-24 国网安徽省电力有限公司滁州供电公司 一种电磁轴心锁电力开关装置
CN114562398B (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-10-28 哈尔滨工程大学 一种高动态响应低反弹的永磁-电磁协同耦合高速电磁阀
DE102023136706A1 (de) * 2023-12-27 2025-07-03 Schaltbau Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung
DE102024203959B3 (de) 2024-04-26 2025-07-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines elektrischen Widerstands

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1859462B1 (fr) 2013-05-01
CN101142647A (zh) 2008-03-12
DE102005013197A1 (de) 2006-09-28
US20080224804A1 (en) 2008-09-18
WO2006097452A1 (fr) 2006-09-21
US7746202B2 (en) 2010-06-29
CN101142647B (zh) 2010-11-17

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