Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/28047—Gels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/025—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with wetted adsorbents; Chromatography
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
  • B01J20/28009—Magnetic properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
  • B01J47/018—Granulation; Incorporation of ion-exchangers in a matrix; Mixing with inert materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/102—Nitrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/104—Oxygen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/108—Hydrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
  • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
  • B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
  • B01D2259/4533—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for medical purposes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a gel for separation and / or purification of gases and associated devices.
• Zeolites are porous and chosen to trap ionic interactions of particular cations.
• US Pat. No. 4,284,726 discloses a composition of a gel for capturing anions or US Pat. No. 4,797,366 describes a process for treating gas in order to remove hydrogen sulphide H2S by means of a cation exchange resin. All these methods do not allow to have a simple process, industrial and possibly able to work continuously.
• FIG. 1 a diagram of a passive separation device
• FIG. 2 a diagram of a variant of a passive separation device of FIG. 1, with two secondary outputs.
• FIG. 3 a diagram of an active separation device
• FIG. 4 a diagram of a device with continuous regeneration.
• the method according to the invention consists in circulating a flow of a gaseous mixture through a gel allowing the separation and / or the purification of a specific gaseous molecule.
• This gel includes: a metal cation,
• the metal cation used can be mono, di or trivalent and also mono or poly atomic.
• the concentration of cations is determined as a function of the gel volume and the gas flow therethrough, the affinity of the cation with the desired gaseous molecule. In order to give an idea, the concentration is between
• the porous support may be inorganic and / or organic.
• the cation-exchange groups are grafted, for example covalently, while in the case of inorganic supports, the active elements such as zeolites consisting of alumino-silicate crystals are integrated into the support. himself.
• a porous support amount of between 10 and 80% by weight of the gel and more particularly between 30 and 60% is used.
• the gelling agent may be constituted by the porous support itself when it comes to resins. Nevertheless, this gelling agent is generally distinct from the porous support.
• This gelling agent is preferably chosen from polysaccharides, carrageenans, alginates, pectins, cellulose, glycogen, starch and polymeric resins.
• a preferred gelling agent is agarose. The concentration of gelling agent must allow the cohesion of the porous support and nevertheless allow the flow of gas to circulate so that this flow circulates through the porous support.
• the solvent used is a polar or apolar solvent, compatible with the porous carrier / gelling agent, protic or aprotic pair.
• the solvent is more particularly polar and protic.
• the amount of solvent is related to the consistency of the gel to be obtained depending on the nature of the gel selected since the gas flow must be able to flow through.
• the amount of solvent is between 5 and 90% by volume relative to the gel, more particularly between 25 and 75%.
• the medium includes an acid in solution to prevent the oxidation of the metal cations used, thus maintaining the pH between 1 and 6.
• This acid must be compatible with the porous carrier / gelling agent used.
• This acid may be tartaric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, methanoic, acetic acid.
• the invention also covers an associated device including this gel for separating and / or purifying a gaseous mixture and extracting at least a portion of specific gaseous molecules.
• the device comprises a container 10 in which is disposed a gel 12 according to the present invention as just described.
• This container 10 is provided with an inlet 14 of a gaseous mixture to be treated, a primary outlet 16 equipped with a pump 18, and at least one secondary outlet 20 also equipped with a pump 22.
• the pump 18 of the primary outlet 16 has a flow rate D greater than the flow rate d of the pump 22 of the secondary outlet 20.
• the operation of the device is as follows: the gas mixture at the inlet 14 is encouraged to pass through the gel according to the invention by the depression created by the pumps.
• This gel has a composition capable of retaining certain gaseous molecules as indicated above, for example carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide or carbon disulfide contained in the initial mixture.
• the gaseous composition of this secondary exit is purified by the removal of a proportion of this specific molecule retained by the gel.
• the flow rate ratio D / d must be adapted according to the gel, the gaseous mixture, the affinity and the retention capacity of the gaseous molecule by the gel.
• a ratio is preferably chosen between 5/1 and 25/1.
• the flow must be adapted so as not to cause the dissociation of the metal cation complex bond / gaseous molecule attached.
• the rate dl will be identical to d.
• magnets 24 are added to the periphery of the container 10 and the gel used comprises ferrous ions.
• the magnet is positioned so that its magnetic field is oriented toward the secondary output.
• the magnet 1 is preferably an electromagnet so as to modify the generated field and change the separation efficiency of the dynamic device.
• this embodiment of a device incorporating a magnetic field can be multiplied, arranged in series, include one or more secondary outputs.
• the arrangement shown provides an improvement with a recycling of the gas from the secondary outlet, which prevents saturation by the gas molecule selected.
• a gel with Fe 2+ cations is used, the solvent is water.
• This tank 26 comprises iron in metal form as a catalyst.
• This tank comprises a gas outlet 30 and a water supply 32.
• the device makes it possible to capture the COz molecules at least in part that are dissolved in the gel and discharged through the secondary outlet.
• H + ions in the presence of metal iron form Fe 2+ ions and dihydrogen which is recovered at the outlet 30.
• H + ions can also be combined with HCO 3 ' to form carbon dioxide which is also recovered.
• the type of reaction depends on the operating conditions and in particular the pH.
• the device according to the invention including the gel according to the invention makes it possible to purify a gaseous composition by removing at least a portion of the specific gaseous molecules from which it is desired to rid the gaseous composition, in this case nitrogen dioxide.
• composition is maintained at 100 ° C. with stirring to ensure the dissolution of tartaric acid and iron sulfate.
• the gelling agent in this case 0.1 g of agarose, is dissolved in 100 ml of water at
• This powder makes it possible to obtain the gel according to the invention by adding a volume of water to a volume of powder.
• the passive device is the simple embodiment of FIG. A flow rate D of 24.5 l / min and a flow rate d of 1.166 l / min are used.
• the main gas injected comprises 4.87% CO 2 and 419.1 ppm CO with addition of dinitrogen and oxygen.
• the secondary outlet has a very small fraction of each of the two gases. It can be argued that the affinity between ferrous ions and carbon monoxide / dioxide is sufficient to induce a bond sufficiently resistant to suction by the secondary outlet 20 of lesser flow and insufficiently resistant under the strong suction of the 16 primary exit. This changes the distribution between the outputs. In fact, the gas flow of the secondary outlet is highly purified. 3 / Purification of a gaseous flow comprising traces of carbon disulphide with a gel obtained according to 1 / and a passive device.
• the disulfide has dissolved in the gel water so that the main stream contains only 15% of carbon disulfide.
• the carbon disulphide is even removed from the primary outlet because the affinity between the gel and the carbon disulfide molecules is too great for even the high flow rate D of the primary output to be sufficient. It can be seen that, thanks to the gel according to the invention and to the device for its implementation, it is possible to separate and / or purify a gaseous mixture under industrial conditions.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
• Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-04-20 FR FR0551001A patent/FR2884734B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-04-20 US US11/912,074 patent/US20080196589A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-04-20 AU AU2006238716A patent/AU2006238716A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-04-20 EP EP06743823A patent/EP1874461A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-04-20 WO PCT/FR2006/050365 patent/WO2006111686A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2006-04-20 CA CA002604737A patent/CA2604737A1/fr not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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