EP1876276A1 - Carbonfaserverbundfläche, ihre verwendung als wärmeübertragendes erzeugnis und dabei verwendetes flächengebilde für pechbasierte carbonfasermatte - Google Patents

Carbonfaserverbundfläche, ihre verwendung als wärmeübertragendes erzeugnis und dabei verwendetes flächengebilde für pechbasierte carbonfasermatte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1876276A1
EP1876276A1 EP06732178A EP06732178A EP1876276A1 EP 1876276 A1 EP1876276 A1 EP 1876276A1 EP 06732178 A EP06732178 A EP 06732178A EP 06732178 A EP06732178 A EP 06732178A EP 1876276 A1 EP1876276 A1 EP 1876276A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon fiber
pitch
composite sheet
fibers
carbon
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1876276A4 (de
Inventor
Hiroshi Iwakuni Res. Center Teijin Ltd HARA
Masumi Iwakuni Res. Center Teijin Ltd HIRATA
Tetsuo Iwakuni Res. Center Teijin Ltd BAN
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4242—Carbon fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/46—Non-siliceous fibres, e.g. from metal oxides
    • D21H13/50—Carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/042—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with carbon fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/145—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
    • H05K3/4611—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by laminating two or more circuit boards
    • H05K3/4641—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by laminating two or more circuit boards having integrally laminated metal sheets or special power cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
    • H10W40/20—Arrangements for cooling
    • H10W40/22—Arrangements for cooling characterised by their shape, e.g. having conical or cylindrical projections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
    • H10W40/20—Arrangements for cooling
    • H10W40/25—Arrangements for cooling characterised by their materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon fiber composite sheet comprising a pitch-based carbon fiber web, use thereof as a heat conductor, and a carbon fiber sheet for the pitch-based carbon fiber web.
  • High-performance carbon fibers can be classified into PAN-based carbon fibers obtained from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and pitch-based carbon fibers obtained from pitches.
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • Carbon fibers are widely used in aviation and aerospace, construction and civil engineering, and sport and leisure applications, making use of their feature that they have much higher strength and elastic modulus than ordinary synthetic polymers.
  • thermal conductive fillers there are known fillers containing a metal oxide, metal nitride, metal carbide or metal hydroxide such as aluminum oxide, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon carbide, quartz or aluminum hydroxide.
  • metal material-based fillers have high specific gravity and a large weight in the case of composite materials thereof.
  • carbon fibers have an advantage that they have low specific gravity and can reduce the weight of a composite material when they are added in the same volume as a metal material-based filler.
  • the carbon fibers form a network while a matrix is existent among them.
  • the network is formed three-dimensionally, the high thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers is attained not only in the in-plane direction of a molded product but also in the thickness direction of the molded product, which is considered to be extremely effective for application in radiator plates.
  • a composite material composed of a fabric formed of conventionally used fibers and a matrix has an improved thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction, it is hard to say that its thermal conductivity in the thickness direction is satisfactory because carbon fibers cannot form a network fully.
  • JP-A 5-17593 discloses a thermal conductive molded article having high mechanical strength which is manufactured by impregnating carbon fibers drawn in one direction with graphite powders and a thermosetting resin.
  • JP-A 2-242919 discloses that physical properties such as thermal conductivity are enhanced by the improvement of the physical properties of carbon fibers but is silent about the improvement of the thermal properties of a molded product.
  • radio waves generated from high-speed CPU's and electronic circuits is becoming an issue. Electrons moving through a circuit at a speed in the order of GHz emit radio waves having a frequency corresponding to their moving speed to the outside of the circuit. Therefore, they cause a problem such as a drift of electrons within the circuit or a speed reduction. Especially in a device having a plurality of functional circuits integrated thereon, how to cut mutual interference between radio waves is becoming a serious problem to be solved. Further, mobile communication equipment are now oriented toward communication with radio waves having a higher frequency so as to improve their communication speed.
  • radio waves and electrons move at almost the same frequency inside and outside a device, whereby interference by radio waves from the outside or the entry of noise into communication signals by radio waves generated from the inside of a circuit is becoming a very serious problem.
  • the UHF band will be made open to the public due to the digitization of TV broadcasting, and the radio waves of the UHF band to be used have a shorter wavelength than those of the conventionally used VHF band. Therefore, though diffractivity and directivity become better, interference caused by structures such as buildings becomes a problem inevitably and a solution to this is required. Further, since the frequency of radio waves used for mobile communication is close to the frequency of the above radio waves, interference between them is becoming more serious, and it is important that the radio wave environment from circuits to structures such as buildings should be prepared.
  • Carbon materials have a significantly high electric conductivity as compared with ordinary synthetic polymers which are mostly insulators. Further, they have high strength and unique properties as a polymer. Therefore, the carbon materials are used not only in reinforcing materials but also in applications making use of their electric conductivity. It is expected that the frequency distribution of the dielectric constant of the carbon material is existent at a GHz range when the amount of free electrons estimated from electric conductivity is taken into consideration.
  • radio wave absorbers As means of cutting off radio waves generated from electronic circuits or radio waves used for communication, absorption or reflection by a magnetic material having electromagnetic interaction is well known. Therefore, existing radio wave absorbers often comprise a hard or soft material such as ferrite or permalloy as the magnetic material. To reduce the weight of a device, optimal balance between radio wave absorption and weight must be designed for a material having high density such as a metal or metal oxide.
  • carbon fibers which are a fibrous carbon material are a paramagnetic material as a magnetic material and hardly absorb or reflect radio waves by magnetic interaction but are much lighter than magnetic materials. Therefore, if a radio wave shielding material can be manufactured from the carbon fibers, it is advantageous in terms of weight.
  • Carbon fibers cannot be used alone to form a member and must be contained in a matrix to be handled as a composite material.
  • the composite material must be molded into an appropriate form for practical use. Molding the composite material is very difficult in most cases and various devices have been made so far.
  • the fibers have one-dimensional anisotropy. Especially in the case of long fibers, it is important that the influence of the anisotropy of the fibers should be eliminated to improve absorption characteristics. Therefore, it is considered that if the fiber network is formed at random three-dimensionally, one-dimensional nature derived from the fibrous state can be reduced, thereby providing a solution for supplying an efficient radio wave shielding material. If the network is formed at random three-dimensionally, the carbon fibers can exist as fibers not only in the in-plane direction but also in the thickness direction of a molded product and are very effective.
  • JP-A 5-275880 as a prior art relating to a radio wave shielding material which comprises carbon fibers discloses studies on use of a carbon material to reduce the weight of a radio wave shielding material comprising magnetic powders.
  • JP-A 8-67544 proposes a method for shielding radio waves with a structure comprising cement as a matrix.
  • JP-A 10-25624 teaches a radio wave absorber comprising carbon long fibers.
  • a carbon fiber composite sheet comprising a pitch-based carbon fiber web and a matrix resin, wherein carbon fibers constituting the pitch-based carbon fiber web have a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane direction of 5 nm or more and a thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of 1 W/m ⁇ K or more.
  • the above objects and advantages of the present invention are attained by the above carbon fiber composite sheet for use as a heat conductor.
  • a carbon fiber sheet for pitch-based carbon fiber webs for use in the above carbon fiber composite sheet which has a content of pitch-based carbon fibers having a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane direction of 5 nm or more of 80 wt% or more, a carbon content of 80 wt% or more, a thickness of 0.05 to 5 mm and a porosity of 50 to 90 vol%.
  • the raw material of the carbon fibers constituting the carbon fiber web used in the present invention is, for example, a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound such as naphthalene or phenanthrene or a condensation heterocyclic compound such as petroleum pitch or coal pitch.
  • a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound such as naphthalene or phenanthrene is preferred, and optically anisotropic pitch, that is, mesophase pitch is particularly preferred. They may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is desired that mesophase pitch should be used alone to improve the thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers.
  • the softening point of the raw material pitch can be obtained by a Mettler method and is preferably 250 °C to 350 °C.
  • the softening point is lower than 250°C, fusion bonding between fibers or large thermal shrinkage occurs during stabilization.
  • the softening point is higher than 350°C, the thermal decomposition of the pitch occurs, whereby the pitch hardly becomes fibrous.
  • the raw material pitch is spun by a melt blow method and then stabilized and baked to become a carbon fiber web. Each step will be described hereinbelow.
  • a spinneret for spinning pitch fibers which are the raw material of 3-D random web-like carbon fibers is not limited to a particular shape
  • a nozzle having a ratio of the length of the nozzle hole to the diameter of the hole of preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 1.5 is used.
  • the temperature of the nozzle at the time of spinning is not particularly limited and may be a temperature at which a stable spinning state can be maintained, that is, the viscosity of the pitch to be spun becomes 2 to 200 Pa ⁇ S, preferably 5 to 30 Pa ⁇ S.
  • the pitch fibers spun from the nozzle hole are changed into short fibers by blowing a gas heated at 100 to 350°C and having a linear velocity of 100 to 10,000 m/min to a position near a thinning point.
  • the gas is, for example, air, nitrogen or argon, preferably air from the viewpoint of cost performance.
  • the pitch fibers are captured on a metal net belt to become a continuous web which is then crosslapped to become a web.
  • the thus obtained web composed of the pitch fibers is stabilized by a known method and baked at 1,000 to 3,500°C. Stabilization is carried out at 200 to 350°C by using air or a gas obtained by adding ozone, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, iodine or bromine to air. It is desirably carried out in the air when safety and convenience are taken into consideration.
  • the stabilized pitch fibers are baked in vacuum or an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or krypton. They are preferably baked under normal pressure in inexpensive nitrogen.
  • the baking temperature is preferably 2, 300 to 3, 500°C, more preferably 2, 500 to 3,500°C in order to increase the thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers.
  • the graphite crucible is not limited to a particular size or shape if it can contain a predetermined amount of the stabilized web which will become the above raw material. However, it preferably has a lid to achieve high airtightness in order to prevent the carbon fiber web from being damaged by a reaction with an oxidizing gas or carbon steam in a furnace during baking or cooling.
  • the carbon fibers constituting the carbon fiber web used in the present invention have a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 5 nm or more.
  • the size of the crystallite in the hexagonal net plane growth direction can be obtained by a known method, that is, from a diffraction line from the (110) face of a carbon crystal obtained by an X-ray diffraction method.
  • the reason why the size of the crystallite is important is that mainly a phonon conducts heat and a crystal transforms the phonon.
  • the size of the crystallite is preferably 20 nm or more, more preferably 30 to 300 nm.
  • the carbon fibers constituting the carbon fiber web preferably have a fiber diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the fiber diameter is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, the shape of the web may not be maintained with the result of low productivity.
  • the fiber diameter is larger than 20 ⁇ m, nonuniformity in the stabilizing step becomes large and fusion bonding occurs partially. It is more preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m, much more preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
  • the CV value defined by the following equation is preferably 0.2 or less. It is more preferably 0.17 or less. When the CV value is larger than 0.2, the number of fibers having a diameter of more than 20 ⁇ m which cause a trouble by stabilization increases disadvantageously.
  • CV S 1 D ⁇ 1 wherein S 1 is the degree of fiber diameter distribution and D 1 is an average fiber diameter.
  • S 1 is obtained from the following equation.
  • S 1 ⁇ i D - D ⁇ 1 2 n 2 wherein D is the fiber diameter of each of an "n" number of fibers, D 1 is the average value of the "n" number of fiber diameters, and n is the number of fibers.
  • the carbon fibers constituting the carbon fiber web preferably have a fiber length of 0.01 to 1,000 mm.
  • the fiber length is more preferably 0.1 to 500 mm, much more preferably 3 to 300 mm.
  • the carbon fiber web used in the present invention may also be used as the following carbon fiber sheet in the composite sheet of the present invention.
  • the carbon fiber sheet is manufactured by fabricating web-like pitch fibers and further carrying out the following steps sequentially like the method of manufacturing the above carbon fiber web.
  • the thus obtained pitch fibers are stabilized by a known method and baked at 700 to 900°C. Stabilization is carried out at 200 to 350°C by using air or a gas obtained by adding ozone, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, iodine or bromine to air. It is desirably carried out in the air when safety and convenience are taken into consideration.
  • the stabilized pitch fibers are baked in vacuum or an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or krypton. They are preferably baked under normal pressure in inexpensive nitrogen.
  • the pitch fibers which have been baked are milled into short fibers and optionally sieved to obtain a pitch-based carbon fiber precursor having a desired average fiber length.
  • a mill such as a pin mill, Victory mill, jet mill or high-speed rotary mill, or a cutter may be used.
  • a method for cutting fibers in a direction perpendicular to their axes by turning a rotor having a blade at a high speed is suitable.
  • the average fiber length of the pitch fibers obtained by milling is controlled by adjusting the revolution of the rotor and the angle of the blade.
  • the desired size can be achieved by combining sieves with different meshes.
  • the above carbon fibers are obtained by graphitizing the above pitch-based carbon fiber precursor which has undergone the above process in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
  • the graphitization temperature is preferably 2,300 to 3,500°C, more preferably 2,500 to 3,500°C to increase the thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber precursor may be processed into a sheet with papermaking in the presence of a binder and graphitized together with the binder.
  • the above carbon fiber sheet used in the present invention has a carbon content of 80 wt% or more, a thickness of 0.05 to 5 mm and a porosity of 50 to 90 vol%.
  • the carbon content is preferably 90 wt% or more.
  • the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber sheet degrade disadvantageously.
  • the thickness of the carbon fiber sheet is preferably 0.1 to 3 mm.
  • the thickness is smaller than 0.05 mm, the handling properties and productivity lower and when the thickness is larger than 5 mm, the productivity of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material lowers disadvantageously.
  • the porosity of the carbon fiber sheet is preferably 50 to 80 vol%. Outside the above ranges, a handling problem may arise due to the deterioration of mechanical properties, or the impregnation of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material with a resin at the time of molding becomes unsatisfactory.
  • the above pitch-based carbon fibers which are the carbon fibers of the carbon fiber sheet have a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 5 nm or more, preferably 20 nm or more, more preferably 30 nm or more.
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers preferably have an average fiber diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m, a ratio of the degree of filament diameter distribution to average fiber diameter (CV value) of 0.05 to 0.2 and a fiber length of 1 to 15 mm.
  • the average fiber diameter is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, productivity and handling properties greatly lower disadvantageously.
  • productivity and handling properties greatly lower disadvantageously.
  • the fiber diameter is larger than 20 ⁇ m, nonuniformity in the stabilization step becomes large and fusion bonding occurs partially.
  • the average fiber diameter is more preferably 3 to 17 ⁇ m, much more preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the CV value is preferably 0.07 to 0.18.
  • the CV value is smaller than 0.05, the control of the fiber diameter becomes difficult with the result of low productivity.
  • the CV value is larger than 0.2, the shapes of the carbon fibers may change at the time of baking disadvantageously.
  • the average fiber length is preferably 1 to 15 mm. Outside this range, a homogenous sheet is hardly formed and a desired thermal conductivity is hardly obtained disadvantageously.
  • the true density of the pitch-based carbon fibers which greatly depends on the processing temperature is preferably 1. 5 to 2.5 g/cc. It is more preferably 1. 6 to 2.5 g/cc.
  • the thermal conductivity in the fiber axial direction of the pitch-based carbon fibers is 200 W/(m ⁇ K) or more, more preferably 300 W/(m ⁇ K) or more.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet has a thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of preferably 3 W/ (m ⁇ K) or more, more preferably 5 W/(m ⁇ K) or more.
  • the above carbon fiber sheet is obtained by papermaking the pitch-based carbon fibers in the presence of a binder.
  • the binder is at least one selected from fibrous, fibrid (fine film-like), pulp-like and particulate binders.
  • the binder must be easily entangled with the pitch-based carbon fibers to improve papermaking-ability and may be a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
  • the binder is preferably such that at least 1 wt% of its amount remains as a carbonaceous binder.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include polyamide, aramide, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene and PVA.
  • thermosetting resin examples include polyimide resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin and phenolic resin.
  • the amount of the binder is preferably 1 to 20 wt%, more preferably 3 to 15 wt% based on the total weight of the pitch-based carbon fibers. Outside the above range, after processing into a sheet with papermaking, handling properties deteriorate disadvantageously.
  • a wet process in which the fibers are dispersed into a large amount of a dispersant and scooped up and a dry process in which, after fibers are dispersed into an air stream, thin films are formed by blowing this fiber dispersed air stream and joined together may be employed.
  • the wet process is preferably employed.
  • the obtained sheet is optionally subjected to calendering or baking, and the binder is preferably selected according to these methods.
  • thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, aramide, polyester, polypropylene or polyethylene
  • a resin having a relatively high carbon retention such as PVA, aramide or phenolic resin is preferably used.
  • Baking is carried out at a temperature of 1,300 to 3,000°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and the carbon content of the obtained pitch-based carbon fiber sheet is preferably 95 wt% or more.
  • the matrix resin used in the present invention is a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer resin.
  • thermoplastic resin A polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyepoxy ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide or copolymer of each of these polymers may be used as the thermoplastic resin.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacetals, fluororesins (such as polyvinylene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene), polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, ABS resin, polyphenylene ether (PPE) resin, modified PPE resin, aliphatic polyamides, aromatic polyamides, polyimides, polyamide-imides, plymethacrylic acids (polymethacrylates such as methyl polymethacrylate), polyacrylic acids, polycarbonates,
  • the thermoplastic elastomer resin is preferably a polyester elastomer which is preferably a block copolymer composed of a hard segment and a soft segment.
  • the melting point of the polyester elastomer is preferably 180 to 230 °C, more preferably 190 to 210 °C.
  • the preferred elastic modulus of the polyester elastomer is 1,000 MPa or less.
  • Commercially available products of the thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin include the TR-EKV, B4032AT, B4063AC and P4140DT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. Out of these, P4140DT and B4032AT whose water absorptivity is suppressed are preferred.
  • a stabilizer may be added.
  • thermosetting resin examples include epoxy resin, phenolic resin, silicone resin, polyurethane resin, polyimide resin, thermosetting polyphenylene ether resin and thermosetting modified polyphenylene ether resin. They may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, a mixture of a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin may be used as the matrix resin in order to develop desired physical properties for a carbon fiber reinforced plastic molded product.
  • the carbon fiber composite sheet of the present invention may be manufactured by a conventionally known method.
  • Examples of the method of manufacturing the molded product include injection molding, press molding, calender molding, extrusion molding, cast molding and blow molding. Out of these, press molding is preferred.
  • press molding the carbon fiber web and a thermoplastic resin are laminated together, heated at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin and molded by applying high pressure.
  • the surface of the carbon fiber web may be modified by oxidation such as electrolytic oxidation or treatment with a coupling agent or a sizing agent.
  • a metal or ceramic film may be formed on the surface by physical deposition such as electroless plating, electrolytic plating, vacuum deposition, sputtering or ion plating, chemical deposition, coating, immersion or mechanochemical process for fixing fine particles mechanically.
  • carbon fibers are desirably contained in an amount of preferably 10 to 90 vol%, more preferably 10 to 85 vol% after molding in order to improve thermal conductivity. It is most preferably 20 to 65 vol%.
  • the thickness of the carbon fiber composite sheet may be freely designed according to its application purpose but preferably 0.2 to 10 mm in order to improve molding yield. When the thickness is smaller than 0.2 mm, uniform molding becomes difficult and when the thickness is larger than 10 mm, it is difficult to control thickness nonuniformity.
  • the molding method for obtaining a carbon fiber reinforced composite by using the above carbon fiber sheet is not particularly limited and may be injection molding, press molding, calender molding, extrusion molding, cast molding or blow molding. The following two methods may also be used.
  • the matrix resin which is liquid at normal temperature or increased temperature is introduced into the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet fed into a metal mold in advance by RIM or RTM and solidified or cured to obtain a carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet and the matrix resin are fed into the metal mold so that the matrix resin is molten and impregnated into the sheet to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet.
  • the matrix resin is preferably in a sheet form or the like so that it can be easily fed into the metal mold and also impregnated under vacuum and increased pressure from the viewpoints of degassing and impregnation properties.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet can be adhered with a sizing agent after its surface is modified.
  • the surface of the carbon fiber sheet may be modified by oxidation such as electrolytic oxidation or treatment with a coupling agent or a sizing agent.
  • oxidation such as electrolytic oxidation or treatment with a coupling agent or a sizing agent.
  • a metal or ceramic film may be formed on the surface by physical deposition such as electroless plating, electrolytic plating, vacuum deposition, sputtering or ion plating, chemical deposition, coating, immersion or mechanochemical process for fixing fine particles mechanically.
  • the sizing agent is used in an amount of preferably 0.1 to 15 wt%, more preferably 0.4 to 7.5 wt% based on the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet.
  • Any commonly used sizing agent may be used, as exemplified by epoxy compounds, water-soluble polyamide compounds, saturated polyesters, unsaturated polyesters, vinyl acetate, water, alcohols and glycols. They may be used alone or in combination.
  • the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber of the present invention can be measured by a known method, it is preferably measured by a laser flash method so as to improve the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the carbon fiber composite sheet.
  • the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber itself is several hundreds of W/(m ⁇ K) but the thermal conductivity of a molded product obtained from the carbon fiber sharply drops due to the generation of defects, the inclusion of air and the unexpected formation of voids. Therefore, it is considered that the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite sheet hardly exceeds 1 W/(m ⁇ K) substantially.
  • this is solved by using 3-D random web-like carbon fibers and the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite sheet is increased to 1 W/ (m ⁇ K) or more. It is more preferably 2 W/ (m ⁇ K) or more, much more preferably 5 W/(m ⁇ K) or more.
  • the radio wave shielding of the carbon fiber composite sheet of the present invention can be measured by a known method.
  • the shield factor of radio waves generated from electronic equipment can be measured by a strip line method.
  • the carbon fiber composite sheet has a large shield factor of more than 10 dB at 1 to 10 GHz, especially 1 to 3 GHz. When the shield factor is larger than 10 dB, it can be considered that the carbon fiber composite sheet has certain ability.
  • the shield factor is more preferably 12 dB or more, much more preferably 20 dB or more.
  • the carbon fiber composite sheet obtained as described above is put into a metal mold having a predetermined shape, heated at a temperature higher than the softening point temperature of the thermoplastic resin and press molded into a molded product.
  • the molded product manufactured as described above can be advantageously used for thermal management application. Stated more specifically, the molded product is used as a radiator member, thermal conduction member or a constituent material thereof for diffusing heat generated from electronic parts such as semiconductor devices, power sources and light sources to the outside effectively.
  • it is formed into a desired shape capable of forming a metal mold and interposed between a heat generating member such as a semiconductor device and a radiator member such as a radiator, or molded into a radiator plate, semiconductor package part, heat sink, heat spreader, die pad, printed wiring board, cooling fan part, heat pipe or housing.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • the stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 2,300°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.15. They had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size of 26 nm.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene film manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber sheet had an electric conductivity of 4.5 x 10 -4 ⁇ cm. Its thermal conductivity was 233 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 1.5 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the sheet had a density of 1.3 g/cc, and when its radio wave shield factor was measured by the strip line method, it was 15 dB at 2.0 GHz.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • the stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3,000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. They had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size of 45 nm.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene film manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber sheet had an electric conductivity of 2 x 10 -4 ⁇ cm. Its thermal conductivity was 587 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 4.0 W/ (m ⁇ K).
  • the sheet had a density of 1.5 g/cc, and when its radio wave shield factor was measured by the strip line method, it was 19 dB at 2.5 GHz.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • the stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 2,300°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.17. They had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size of 18 nm.
  • a polycarbonate film manufactured by Teij in Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an electric conductivity of 4.5 x 10- 4 ⁇ cm and a thermal conductivity of 233 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 1.3 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the sheet had a density of 1.4 g/cc and a shield factor of 20 dB at 2.5 GHz.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295 °C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3,000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. They had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size of 45 nm.
  • a polycarbonate film manufactured by Teij in Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an electric conductivity of 2 x 10 -4 ⁇ cm and a thermal conductivity of 587 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 3.8 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the sheet had a density of 1.5 g/cc and a shield factor of 20 dB at 2.4 GHz.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3, 000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. They had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size of 45 nm.
  • a film manufactured by polymerizing the lactide of Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd. to obtain polylactic acid and melt extruding the polylactic acid was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an electric conductivity of 2 x 10 -4 ⁇ cm and a thermal conductivity of 587 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 3.1 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the sheet had a density of 1. 7 g/cc and a shield factor of 18 dB at 2.6 GHz.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 800°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 9 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.18. They had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size of 3 nm.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene film manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polymer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an electric conductivity of 15 x 10 -4 ⁇ cm and a thermal conductivity of 35 W/(m ⁇ K). When the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 0.3 W/(m ⁇ K). Although the thermal conductivity of the sheet was higher than that of the thermoplastic resin alone, it was lower than that of a high-temperature baked product.
  • the sheet had a density of 1.2 g/cc and a shield factor of 8 dB at 2.5 GHz.
  • the carbon fiber composite sheet manufactured in Example 3 was heated at 190°C which is the softening point temperature of a polycarbonate which is a thermoplastic polymer resin to be molded to obtain a molded product.
  • the moldability was satisfactory.
  • a 20 g weight heated at 70°C was placed on this molded product to heat it for 150 seconds to raise the temperature of the carbon fiber composite sheet to about 70°C.
  • the weigh was removed and the molded product was left to be cooled, its temperature dropped to 20°C in 60 seconds.
  • a polycarbonate resin alone was molded to obtain a molded product in place of the carbon fiber composite sheet in Example 6.
  • the moldability was satisfactory.
  • a 20 g weight heated at 70°C was placed on this molded product to heat it for 150 seconds to raise the temperature of the carbon polycarbonate resin to about 70°C.
  • the weigh was removed and the molded product was left to be cooled, its temperature dropped to 50°C in 60 seconds. Radiation was worse than that of a carbon composite sheet.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 2,300°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.15. They had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 26 nm.
  • the B4032AT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5,000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 2,300°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly had an average fiber diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. It had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 26 nm.
  • the B4032AT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fibers to a molded product was set to 40 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5,000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295 °C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3,000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. They had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 45 nm.
  • the B4032AT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3,000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. It had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size of 45 nm.
  • the B4032AT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly to a molded product was set to 40 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 12 W/(m ⁇ K). Its bending properties were extremely good.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 2,300°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly had an average fiber diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. It had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size of 26 nm.
  • the TR-EKV of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly to a molded product was set to 30%, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 2.5 W/(m ⁇ K). Its bending properties were extremely good.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a 3-D random web composed of pitch-based short fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • This 3-D random web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized.
  • This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 3,000°C.
  • the baked 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly had an average fiber diameter of 8 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.16. It had an average fiber length of 30 mm and a crystallite size of 45 nm.
  • the B4032AT of Teijin Chemicals Ltd. was used as a thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin, the volume ratio of the 3-D random web-like carbon fiber assembly to a molded product was set to 55 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 650 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity of the molded carbon fiber composite sheet was measured, it was 15.0 W/(m ⁇ K). Its bending properties were good.
  • a 20 g weight heated at 70°C was placed on the carbon fiber composite sheet manufactured in Example 8 to heat it for 150 seconds to raise the temperature of the carbon fiber composite sheet to about 70°C.
  • the weigh was removed and the sheet was left to be cooled, its temperature dropped to 20°C in 60 seconds. It was found that it had a large radiation effect.
  • thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin alone in place of the carbon fiber composite sheet in Example 12 to heat it for 150 seconds to raise the temperature of the thermoplastic polyester-based elastomer resin to about 70°C.
  • the weigh was removed and the resin was left to be cooled, its temperature dropped to 50°C in 60 seconds. Radiation was lower than that of the carbon composite sheet.
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 284°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 13 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture web-like pitch fibers having a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • the web-like pitch fibers were heated in the air from 170 to 310°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 5°C/min to be stabilized. This stabilized web-like pitch fibers were baked at 700°C, milled into short fibers and baked at 3,000°C to obtain pitch-based carbon fibers.
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 11 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.12. They had an average fiber length of 8 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 46 nm.
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers had a thermal conductivity in the fiber axial direction of 590 W/ (m ⁇ K).
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers had a true density of 2.1 g/cc.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet had a carbon content of 99 wt%, a thickness of 1.2 mm and a porosity of 85 vol%.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene film manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as a matrix resin, the volume ratio of the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet as a reinforcement to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 200 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the molded carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet was measured, it was 4.5 W/(m ⁇ K) .
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 284°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5, 000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 13 ⁇ m.
  • the spun short fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture web-like pitch fibers having a weight of 255 g/m 2 .
  • the web-like pitch fibers were heated in the air from 170 to 305°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 5°C/min to be stabilized. This stabilized web-like pitch fibers were baked at 700°C, milled into short fibers and baked at 2,900°C to obtain pitch-based carbon fibers.
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers had an average fiber diameter of 11 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.11. They had an average fiber length of 8 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 42 nm. They had a thermal conductivity in the fiber axial direction of 510 W/(m ⁇ K) and a true density of 2.1 g/cc.
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet had a carbon content of 90 wt%, a thickness of 1.2 mm and a porosity of 70 vol%.
  • a polycarbonate film (trade name: Panlite) was used as a matrix resin, the volume ratio of the pitch-based carbon fiber reinforcement to a molded product was set to 35 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co. , Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 200 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the molded carbon fiber reinforced composite sheet was measured, it was 4.3 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • Pitch composed of a condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound was used as the main raw material.
  • the ratio of the optical anisotropy of this pitch was 100 % and its softening point was 285°C.
  • a cap having a hole with a diameter of 0.2 mm was used, and heated air was ejected from a slit at a linear velocity of 5,000 m/min to draw the molten pitch so as to manufacture pitch-based short fibers having an average diameter of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spun fibers were collected on a belt to obtain a web which was then crosslapped to manufacture a pitch fiber web having a 3-D random shape and a weight of 250 g/m 2 .
  • the pitch fiber web was heated in the air from 170 to 295°C at an average temperature elevation rate of 7°C/min to be stabilized. This stabilized 3-D random web was baked at 800°C.
  • the pitch-based carbon fibers constituting the baked pitch-based carbon fiber web had an average fiber diameter of 9 ⁇ m and a CV of 0.18. They had an average fiber length of 40 mm and a crystallite size in the hexagonal net plane growth direction of 3 nm. They had a thermal conductivity in the fiber axial direction of 35 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet had a carbon content of 65 wt%, a thickness of 1.5 mm and a porosity of 80 vol%.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene film manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as a matrix resin, the volume ratio of the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet as a reinforcement to a molded product was set to 30 %, and press molding was carried out by a vacuum press manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki Co., Ltd. using a metal mold having an inside measure of 200 mm to obtain a molded product having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the molded carbon fiber reinforced composite material was measured, it was less than 1 W/(m ⁇ K) which is small.
  • a maleic acid-modified polypropylene resin alone was molded to obtain a molded product without using the pitch-based carbon fiber sheet in Example 1.
  • the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of this molded product was measured, it was less than 1 W/(m ⁇ K).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
EP06732178A 2005-04-19 2006-04-14 Carbonfaserverbundfläche, ihre verwendung als wärmeübertragendes erzeugnis und dabei verwendetes flächengebilde für pechbasierte carbonfasermatte Withdrawn EP1876276A4 (de)

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WO2011002861A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Composite with low content of metal
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CN101163828A (zh) 2008-04-16
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