EP1881111A2 - Pont et procédé pour la construction du pont - Google Patents

Pont et procédé pour la construction du pont Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1881111A2
EP1881111A2 EP07110429A EP07110429A EP1881111A2 EP 1881111 A2 EP1881111 A2 EP 1881111A2 EP 07110429 A EP07110429 A EP 07110429A EP 07110429 A EP07110429 A EP 07110429A EP 1881111 A2 EP1881111 A2 EP 1881111A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bridge
section
support section
beam section
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07110429A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1881111A3 (fr
Inventor
Finn Passov
Lars A. Reimer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Spæncom AS
Original Assignee
Spæncom AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Spæncom AS filed Critical Spæncom AS
Publication of EP1881111A2 publication Critical patent/EP1881111A2/fr
Publication of EP1881111A3 publication Critical patent/EP1881111A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bridge, more specifically a motorway bridge, with a span direction and a cross direction, the bridge comprising at least one edge beam, which in turn comprises a beam section extending in said span direction and having at least two sides, a top and a bottom, and a substantially plate-shaped support section extending in the span direction of the bridge and protruding obliquely from and up over the top of the beam section.
  • Bridges of the type described above are for instance used as motorway bridges in Denmark, i.e. bridges spanning a motorway to connect stretches of road running at each side of the motorway.
  • Such a prior art motorway bridge 100 for a three-lane motorway is shown schematically in Fig. 1.
  • the left part of the illustrated central axis X of the bridge in Fig. 1 shows the bridge 100 seen from the side, whereas the right part shows a cross-section in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • the bridge 100 shown in Fig. 1 has moreover a cross direction T perpendicular to the span direction S and has been approved for the purpose by the Danish authorities and has a number of supports 130 spaced adequately in the span direction S of the bridge, between which, extending in said span direction S, central beams in the form of OT-beams (i.e. beams of inverted T-type) 113 have been mounted for support of concrete topping 112a and road surface 112b.
  • Each of the OT-beams extends typically across a single bridge span of the whole span of the bridge 100.
  • the supports 130 rest on a foundation 129 known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the bridge 100 has on each side of the deck a number of (four) reinforced and as to cross-section identical edge beams of concrete, each extending to span a single bridge span in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged cross-section along the line II-II in Fig. 1 of one of the prior art edge beams designated 115.
  • the edge beam 115 comprises a beam section 101 with a substantially rectangular cross-section and a substantially plate-shaped support section 102, formed integrally with the beam section 101.
  • the smallest width of the beam section 101 is larger than the thickness of the support section 102.
  • the support section 102 extends from one side of the beam section 101 and protrudes obliquely from and up over the top of the beam section 101.
  • the support section 102 extends in parallel with the beam section 101 and likewise in the whole span direction S.
  • the plate-shaped support section 102 has a cross-section, which is substantially L-shaped, the shorter, upper leg 111 extending vertically from and being formed integrally with the oblique, longer leg 108, which is integrally connected with the beam section 101.
  • the beam section 101 and the support section 102 both consist of reinforced concrete and contribute i.a. by means of the web reinforcement 131 of the beam section to fastening reinforcement to other parts of the bridge 100, for instance reinforcement to the concrete topping 112a, such that the edge beam 115 forms sides of the bridge.
  • the reinforcement 109 is fastened to the longer leg 108 of the support section 102 below the shorter, upper leg 111.
  • edge beams of the bridge are to absorb great forces in a comparatively uneconomical way, for which reason they are substantially bigger and possess a substantially bigger strength than said OT-beams 113.
  • An edge beam 115 of this size and weight is with the existing Danish production conditions very difficult to manufacture, and it will in any case involve very big costs and present difficulties to transport such a prefabricated edge beam to the place of use.
  • a suitable number of supports 130 are mounted in the span direction S of the bridge, following which, in said span direction S, a suitable number of central beams in the form of OT-beams 113 is mounted for support of the bridge deck.
  • a temporary formwork with associated, temporary support is then erected at the sides of the bridge for casting in situ of the edge beams on each side of the bridge 100 in the actual bridge height.
  • Such a support and formwork are very comprehensive as to workload, price, size and weight, as the support is to carry formwork and edge beams, until the construction is self-supporting (after curing).
  • reinforcement which is to be fastened to and in the edge beams.
  • the casting therefore, involves a comprehensive preparatory work on and around the bridge 100.
  • reinforcement 109 is mounted as mentioned before extending from the edge beam 115 transversely to the span direction S to reinforce subsequently poured concrete topping 112a and road surface 112b. This results in reinforcement of the edge beams in the span direction S and the bridge deck 100 transversely to the span direction S in form of i.a. reinforcement 109 in the concrete topping 112a.
  • a possible alternative for the person skilled in the art to said method for providing the edge beam 115 is to cast it on the ground and then lift it to the actual bridge height. In this way the above-mentioned temporary constructions can to some extent be avoided. However, it requires big machines to lift the finished edge beam 115 in position, for which reason this is a correspondingly costly and time consuming method.
  • the object of the invention is with a view to the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art to provide a bridge, which can be constructed in an easier, cheaper, quicker and safer way.
  • this object is attained by means of a bridge of the type mentioned in the introduction, this bridge being characterized in that the beam section and the support section are formed separately, the beam section at one side comprises a contact face, and the support section comprises at least two support section parts, which each comprises at least one side face and a lower end face, the support section parts being mounted with their respective side faces abutting one another and their respective lower end faces abutting the contact face of the beam section, such that the support section rests on the beam section.
  • the edge beam into a beam section and at least two support section parts
  • said smaller parts being on account of their considerably smaller size and weight far easier to prefabricate in a factory as concrete elements and to transport to the site of use.
  • the beam section which will typically be the biggest and heaviest part, will thus in normal cases weigh under one third (typically approx. 20 tonnes) of the prior art edge beam.
  • the parts, in particular the support section parts can be mass-produced and used as modules in different bridges.
  • An edge beam in a bridge according to the invention can be mounted directly on the bridge without temporary formwork and support.
  • the building time gets substantially shorter, and at the same time the safety at work is considerably increased.
  • all bridge parts may be mounted by use of the same machines, which are necessary for building the remaining parts of the bridge.
  • bigger machines for mounting the edge beams in a bridge according to the invention are not necessarily required.
  • the actual working time with the construction of the bridge is considerably reduced.
  • the necessary barring of the area below the bridge is considerably reduced, and for the mounting of the edge beam no temporary support, formwork and casting equipment on and around the bridge will be needed, which contributes to a saving of material and time. Therefore, the construction time is substantially shortened, and as a consequence the invention provides, in addition to the concrete fiscal savings, traffic advantages in connection with the building work.
  • the invention ensures that the bridge is substantially self-supporting all the time with the subsequent structural advantages and advantages as to safety resulting from this.
  • the edge beam according to the prior art is cast integrally, it is difficult to establish a satisfactory distribution of the concrete by vibration, as the edge beam comprises the protruding support section.
  • the beam section and the support section are separate sections, it is therefore possible to cast at least the support section with far smaller thickness of material than according to the prior art. This entails saving of material in respect of the support section itself, but also in respect of the remaining parts of the bridge construction, for instance the beam section, as the total weight of the edge beam will be reduced.
  • the bridge according to the invention resembles also with regard to statics to a high degree the known motorway construction, which is approved by the Danish authorities, but the quality of the construction can be better controlled, the construction is more safe, less time consuming and considerably cheaper to manufacture and erect.
  • the support section protrudes obliquely from the beam section at an angle relative to a horizontal plane of 5-45 degrees, preferably 10-30 degrees and more preferred about 15 degrees. In this way the support section will rest on the beam section, such that the support section mainly absorbs pressure and to a smaller degree moment.
  • the support section comprises reinforcement, which at one end is fastened below the upper leg of the support section and extends substantially horizontally towards the centre of the cross direction of the bridge to be fastened to the remaining bridge structure.
  • the support section is preferably substantially L-shaped, a lower leg of the L-shaped cross-section protruding obliquely from the beam section to form said plate-shape of the support section and an upper leg extending substantially vertically from a part of the support section opposite the end face of the support section, and the tensile connections of the support section are fastened below the upper leg of the L-shaped cross-section.
  • the support section may also constitute a formwork for the casting of concrete topping and road surface.
  • the bridge span s a number of bridge spans and comprises a number of edge beams, which are mounted and coaxially extending at each end of the cross direction of the bridge, i.e. at the sides or edges of the bridge, such that each edge beam extends substantially across one of the bridge spans of the bridge.
  • the invention provides a method for the construction of a bridge, more specifically a motorway bridge, with a span direction and a cross direction, the method comprising the steps of:
  • Figs 3 to 6 show an embodiment of a motorway bridge 200 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the parts of the bridge 200 corresponding to the parts of the known motorway bridge 100 described above (Figs 1 and 2) are given the same reference numerals increased by 100.
  • Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention in the form of a motorway bridge 100, the overall appearance of which, also with regard to statics, resembles the prior art bridge 100 described by way of introduction.
  • the bridge 200 shown in Fig. 3 differs in particular from the known bridge 100 in its construction of the edge beams, and one of the edge beams designated 215 will be described by way of example in the following.
  • the remaining edge beams of the bridge correspond as to construction to the exemplary one, 215.
  • the invention is not to be understood as being limited to use in connection with motorway bridges, and the person skilled in the art will be able to apply the described principles in other types of bridge constructions.
  • the bridge 100 To the left of the axis X the bridge is seen from the side, whereas on the right side a cross-section is seen in the span direction S of the bridge. Moreover, the bridge 100 has a cross direction T perpendicular to the span direction S.
  • the bridge 200 is in the same way as the known bridge 100 constructed with supports 230, which at the ends of the span of the bridge 200 are in the form of an elevated floor plan of the supporting face 229 of the bridge, whereas in between they are spaced adequately in the form of three columns in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • Two three-lane motorways 228a, 228b indicated by car silhouettes 227 run between the respective supports 230.
  • the number of supports in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 is of course not to be considered as a limitation of the invention; any adequate number of supports may be used in a given situation.
  • central beams have been provided between the supports 230 of the bridge 200 in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • the central beams are in the form of OT-beams 213 of concrete, which support the concrete topping 212a and road surface 212b of the bridge, but other designs of the central support of the bridge may be used within the scope of the invention.
  • edge beam resting on the supports 230 has been placed above each span, such that the edges of the bridge 200, which in the embodiment shown are made up by four edge beams, respectively, coaxially placed in extension of one another, extend in parallel with each other in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • Fig. 4 is a detailed sectional view IV-IV of an edge beam 215 of the two edge beams visible in Fig. 3 to the left of the bridge 200.
  • Fig. 4 is thus a sectional view corresponding to the sectional view in Fig. 2 of the prior art edge beam 115.
  • the edge beams not visible in Fig. 3 at the opposite side of the bridge 200 are built up symmetrically over a centre plane in the spanning direction S.
  • the edge beam 215 comprises a beam section 201 and a support section 202, which in the embodiment shown together form the edge beam 215.
  • Figs 5 and 6 are two different perspective views of the edge beam 215, from which will be seen that the support section 202 are made from in all five support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, one (in the figures to the left) of the support section parts being omitted in order to give a better view of the beam section 201.
  • the invention is not to be understood as being limited to the number of support section parts shown.
  • Both the beam section 201 and the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d are in the embodiment shown in Figs 3 to 6 separately cast, prefabricated reinforced concrete elements. Also tensile connections in the form of tensile reinforcement 209 are shown in figs 4 to 6.
  • the cross-section of the beam section 201 is substantially rectangular with two sides 232 and 233, a top 204 and a bottom 205.
  • the person skilled in the art will be able to conceive other suitable designs of the cross-section of the beam section 201.
  • the side 233 to the right in Fig. 4 is from below slightly inclined away from the beam section 201 to abut a contact face 203, which is formed as a recess in the substantially rectangular cross-section of the beam section 201.
  • the beam section 201 is a self-supporting construction connecting the supports 230.
  • the contact face 203 serves as support for the support section 202, an end face 207 of the support section 202 resting thereon.
  • the contact face 203 forms in the preferred embodiment a right angle ⁇ , one leg of which extends perpendicularly from the side 233 of the beam section 201 and the second leg of which is constituted by a part of the side 233.
  • the angle ⁇ is not necessarily right, just as the contact face 203 may be designed in any other suitable way.
  • At the contact surface 203 means may further be provided, for instance protruding reinforcements, for temporary fastening of the support section 202 to the beam section 201 during the mounting of the edge beam 215.
  • reinforcement clamps 231 are provided among others for fastening the tensile reinforcement 209 from the support section 202 and reinforcement of concrete topping 212a in the span direction S of the bridge.
  • the tensile reinforcement 209 is at one end fastened to a lower leg 208 of the support section 202 and extends from there in the cross direction T of the bridge from the support sections 202 towards the centre of the cross-section of the bridge 200. At its other end the tensile reinforcement 209 is fastened to the remaining part of the bridge construction or to an edge beam not shown at the opposite edge of the bridge.
  • the beam section 201 may, as is known to the person skilled in the art, be provided with reinforcement on other sides of the beam, where it is advantageous for mounting and strengthening purposes.
  • the side 232 of the beam section 201 facing the centre of the bridge 200 is for instance provided with reinforcement 225 for reinforcement of a part 224 of the concrete deck of the bridge 200.
  • These and remaining parts of the reinforcement of the bridge 200 may for instance be in the form of threaded rods, hooks or angles and may in all places be pre-tensioned or post-tensioned.
  • the reinforced support section 202 comprises, as will be seen from Figs 5 and 6, a number of support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, which rest on the contact surface 203 of the beam section 201 as explained above.
  • the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c 202d are "substantially plate-shaped", which term is to mean that a length and a width of the parts are substantially longer than a depth, the parts, can, however, be provided with for instance angles and other irregularities, which is the case in the present embodiment. As will best be seen from Fig.
  • the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d extend mutually coplanarly in the span direction S of the bridge 200 and protrude obliquely from and up over the top 204 of the beam section 201.
  • a lower end face 207 of the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d abut the contact face 203 of the beam section 201
  • side faces 206 of the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d abut one another to form the longitudinally coplanar configuration of the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d.
  • the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d have in the embodiment shown an overall plate thickness, which corresponds to between 1 ⁇ 4 and 1/3 of the shortest distance between its two sides 232, 233 of the beam section 201, i.e. approximately half of the corresponding thickness of the prior art support section 102 (see Fig.
  • the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d When making the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d as prefabricated concrete plates, it is even with a thickness as small as this possible to obtain a degree of strength of the edge beam 215, which corresponds to that of the edge beam 115 of the prior art bridge 100. Means may also be provided between the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, for instance in the end faces 206, for temporary securing of the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d to one another during mounting.
  • the cross-section of the support section 202 is substantially L-shaped, the lower leg 208 of the L-shaped cross-section extending obliquely from the beam section 201.
  • the support section 202 is thus placed on the contact face 203, such that an angle ⁇ is formed relative to a horizontal plane of about 15 degrees, see Fig. 4.
  • a pressure is created in the lower leg 208 of the L-shaped plate cross-section towards the beam section, when the tensile reinforcement 209 from the support section 202 is fastened to and secured to the remaining bridge construction.
  • the tensile reinforcement 209 contrary to the tensile reinforcement 109 of the prior art bridge (Figs 1 and 2) is used for stabilizing the support section 202 during the mounting of the bridge 200.
  • the tensile connections of the bridge which in the embodiment shown are in the form of tensile reinforcement 209, thus have a considerably different function than that of the prior art tensile reinforcement 109.
  • the tensile reinforcement 209 is preferably also used for reinforcement of part of the bridge deck, but this need not necessarily be the case.
  • the tensile connections are not necessarily in the form of reinforcement iron, but may also fulfil their primary function, if they e.g. are made from carbon fibre or plastic material.
  • the pressure effect mentioned can be obtained to a satisfactory degree for angles from 5-45 degrees, preferably 10-30 degrees and more preferred about 15 degrees as shown in the figures.
  • An upper leg 211 of the L-shaped support section 202 extends substantially vertically from a part of the support section 202 opposite the lower end face 207 of the support section 202.
  • the upper leg 211 of the L-shaped cross-section constitutes in particular a framework during the casting of the concrete topping 212a and the road surface 212 during mounting of the bridge 200.
  • the L-shaped cross-section of the support section 202 is not to be understood as limiting relative to the invention, but imparts to the bridge 200 a configuration corresponding to the prior art bridge 100.
  • the tensile reinforcement 2098 of the support section 202 is fastened under the vertical leg 211 of the plate- and L-shaped support section 202, such that it extends in the cross direction T of the bridge perpendicularly to the span direction S of the bridge.
  • the bridge according to the invention is not restricted to the manufacture of the concrete section and the support section from prefabricated concrete elements. These sections may as already mentioned also be constructed as sections cast in situ, or they may be made from a different, suitable material, for instance steel or plastic. Likewise, the edge beam of the bridge according to the invention does not necessarily span a single bridge span - it is within the scope of the invention that the edge beam or the edge beams of the bridge span several or all bridge spans of the bridge.
  • Both the beam sections 201 and the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d are prefabricated as reinforced concrete elements in a factory and subsequently transported to the building site, where they are then mounted on the bridge 200. It is, of course, possible to cast some of the parts in situ in connection with the building site, but it is for the above reasons preferred to cast them in a factory.
  • the concrete elements are reinforced in order to acquire the right properties for the construction and are further during the casting provided with said reinforcement, which protrudes from the concrete elements for mounting on the remaining bridge construction.
  • some of the elements such as for instance the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, may be formed without reinforcement, if the construction so permits.
  • the tensile reinforcement 209 protruding from the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d and being mounted on the support section 202 facilitates as mentioned the work during mounting of the bridge 200, as it is used for the purpose of letting the end faces 207 of the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d rest on the contact surface 203.
  • the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d can be mounted one by one on the contact surface 203 of the beam section 201, and the tensile reinforcement 209 protruding from the support section parts 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d is fastened to the remaining construction for instance in the form of the OT-beams, an opposite edge beam (not shown) or the clamp reinforcement 231 of the beam section 201.
  • the deck of the bridge is established, the concrete topping 212a with the tensile reinforcement 209 is cast, following which the road surface 212b can be laid. It is then within the scope of the second aspect of the invention possible to take down the support section 202, such that it will have the function of a temporary formwork.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
EP07110429A 2006-07-17 2007-06-18 Pont et procédé pour la construction du pont Withdrawn EP1881111A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200600990 2006-07-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1881111A2 true EP1881111A2 (fr) 2008-01-23
EP1881111A3 EP1881111A3 (fr) 2008-10-08

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EP07110429A Withdrawn EP1881111A3 (fr) 2006-07-17 2007-06-18 Pont et procédé pour la construction du pont

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014089543A1 (fr) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Precasteel Llc Coffrages d'enseigne permanents et procédés et équipement pour leur installation
CN103866695A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2014-06-18 中铁山桥集团有限公司 正交异性钢桥面板u肋与横隔板连接处机械加工装置
CN105970814A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-09-28 中建三局基础设施工程有限公司 一种跨铁路既有线平转桥梁合龙段施工方法
CN109024318A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-18 中建五局土木工程有限公司 一种减小施工占地的梁段支撑结构及其施工方法
US11566424B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2023-01-31 Precasteel, LLC Stay-in-place forms and methods and equipment for installation thereof

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1206937B (de) * 1962-12-14 1965-12-16 Sager & Woerner Bruecken- oder Hochstrassen aus aneinander-gereihten, auf Stuetzen frei aufliegenden Einfeldbalken
GB1024007A (en) * 1964-10-21 1966-03-30 Emil Alfred Zogbaum A load-bearing structure for an elevated roadway
JP3666326B2 (ja) * 1999-12-06 2005-06-29 鹿島建設株式会社 断面分割型プレキャストセグメント工法
ES2172445B1 (es) * 2000-12-04 2003-12-01 R & C Res And Concrete S A Sistema de fabricacion modular para voladizos laterales de puentes.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014089543A1 (fr) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Precasteel Llc Coffrages d'enseigne permanents et procédés et équipement pour leur installation
US9783982B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2017-10-10 Precasteel, LLC Stay-in-place fascia forms and methods and equipment for installation thereof
US11566424B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2023-01-31 Precasteel, LLC Stay-in-place forms and methods and equipment for installation thereof
CN103866695A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2014-06-18 中铁山桥集团有限公司 正交异性钢桥面板u肋与横隔板连接处机械加工装置
CN105970814A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-09-28 中建三局基础设施工程有限公司 一种跨铁路既有线平转桥梁合龙段施工方法
CN109024318A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-18 中建五局土木工程有限公司 一种减小施工占地的梁段支撑结构及其施工方法

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