EP1892468A1 - Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1892468A1
EP1892468A1 EP06425493A EP06425493A EP1892468A1 EP 1892468 A1 EP1892468 A1 EP 1892468A1 EP 06425493 A EP06425493 A EP 06425493A EP 06425493 A EP06425493 A EP 06425493A EP 1892468 A1 EP1892468 A1 EP 1892468A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
est
regulation
temperature
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06425493A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Filippo Lombardi
Daniela Marino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ansaldo Energia SpA
Original Assignee
Ansaldo Energia SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ansaldo Energia SpA filed Critical Ansaldo Energia SpA
Priority to EP06425493A priority Critical patent/EP1892468A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2007/057386 priority patent/WO2008009686A2/fr
Publication of EP1892468A1 publication Critical patent/EP1892468A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/14—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays by live steam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and a method for controlling thermodynamic parameters of a steam and, in particular, the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of a steam that is supplied to any steam using apparatus, for example a combustion chamber supplied with steam produced by a combined-cycle plant for the production of electric power.
  • thermodynamic parameters such as, for example, the pressure, temperature and flow rate of a fluid that flows within a duct or pipe and it supplied to a steam-using unit, for example a combustion chamber.
  • the amounts of saturated and superheated steam to be introduced into the duct for supplying the combustion chamber are determined according to the flow rate of steam at outlet from the duct, in order to regulate the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of supply steam so that the current values of said parameters always correspond to the desired ones.
  • Said regulation is performed, generally, using two distinct regulators, one for the pressure, which controls the pressure of the supply steam, by regulating the flow rate of the first steam for example the saturated one, and one that controls the temperature of the steam, which acts by regulating the flow rate of the other steam, for example the superheated one.
  • the regulator of the pressure of the supply steam affects also the temperature of the supply steam
  • the regulator of the temperature of the supply steam affects also the pressure of the supply steam
  • thermodynamic parameters of a fluid in addition to presenting evident difficulties in the adjustment of the control variables, i.e., of the flow rates of the regulation fluids necessary for guaranteeing a sufficient stablity of the thermodynamic characteristics of the supply fluid of the plant, manage to achieve a good regulation of the thermodynamic parameters of the supply fluid only in the case where the flow rate of the supply fluid remains substantially constant, but are not able to manage in an optimal way the transient regimes, in which the flow rate of the supply fluid tends to vary.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for controlling thermodynamic parameters of a steam and, in particular, the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of a steam that is supplied to a steam-using unit, which will improve the systems and the methods of a known type.
  • thermodynamic parameters of a steam as defined in the annexed claims.
  • FIG. 1 Designated as a whole by 1 in Figure 1 is the block diagram of a system for controlling thermodynamic parameters of a system 2 for supplying a fluid to a fluid-using unit 3, for example steam supplied to a combustion chamber, which implements the method according to the invention.
  • the supply system 2 illustrated in Figure 1 is a variable-regime fluid system, characterized by two incoming currents, namely, the flow of superheated steam ST 1 and the flow of saturated steam ST 2 , and by an outgoing current, namely, the flow of steam ST that is the result of the sum of the two incoming currents ST 1 and ST 2 .
  • a fluid system of this sort is a markedly nonlinear system, i.e., one in which the dependence between the input variables and the output variables varies according to the working point, and is markedly coupled, i.e., one in which to a variation of the input variables there always corresponds a variation of all the thermodynamic parameters of the flows of steam ST 1 , ST 2 , and ST.
  • the control system 1 is configured for controlling the temperature, pressure, and rate of flow of steam ST in a control volume, in a linear and decoupled way and, for this purpose, comprises:
  • control system 1 is configured for controlling the temperature T ST , the pressure P ST , and the flow rate Q ST of the steam ST, through the appropriate regulation of the flow rates Q ST1 and Q ST2 of the steams ST 1 and ST 2 , and for generating signals for controlling the valves 5, 7 and 9 in order to obtain the desired regulation.
  • control system 1 is configured for controlling the temperature T ST of the steam ST , regulating exclusively, in a linear and decoupled way, the flow rate of one of the two steams ST 1 or ST 2 , for example the flow rate Q ST1 of the superheated steam ST 1 introduced into the duct 4, and the pressure P ST of the steam ST , regulating exclusively, in a linear and decoupled way, the flow rate of the other of the two steams ST 1 or ST 2 , for example the flow rate Q ST2 of the saturated steam ST 2 introduced into the duct 4.
  • the electronic control unit 17 comprises:
  • the electronic processing unit 22 should know the instantaneous values of pressure P ST and temperature T ST of the steam ST. Said values cannot, however, be supplied directly to the electronic processing unit 22 on account of the delays introduced by the various elements of the control system 1, for example by the sensors 10 and 11.
  • the electronic processing unit 18 receives at input:
  • the electronic processing unit 18 can be implemented in a way in itself known, for example via a so-called “Luenberger observer", or in the form of a single observer that estimates both the temperature and the pressure of the steam ST , or by means of two separate observers, one of which estimates the temperature and the other estimates the pressure of the steam ST.
  • a so-called “Luenberger observer” or in the form of a single observer that estimates both the temperature and the pressure of the steam ST , or by means of two separate observers, one of which estimates the temperature and the other estimates the pressure of the steam ST.
  • the estimated temperature T EST is then supplied to the electronic processing unit 19, which calculates the difference ⁇ T between the desired temperature T and the estimated temperature T EST of the steam ST and, on the basis of the difference ⁇ T , calculates a regulation function of a known proportional-integral type, expressed by the signal U T , indicating the correction to be made to the estimated temperature T EST of the steam ST to compensate for the difference ⁇ T .
  • the estimated pressure P EST is supplied to the electronic processing unit 20, which calculates the difference ⁇ P between the desired pressure P and the estimated pressure PEST of the steam ST and, on the basis of the difference ⁇ P , calculates a regulation function of a known proportional-integral type, expressed by the signal U P , indicating the correction to be made to the estimated pressure P EST of the steam ST to compensate for the difference ⁇ P .
  • the electronic processing unit 20 receives at input the signal coming from the sensor 12, indicating the flow rate Q ST of the steam ST , calculates the difference ⁇ Q between the desired flow rate Q and the flow rate Q ST of the steam ST and, on the basis of the difference ⁇ Q , calculates a regulation function of a known proportional-integral type, supplying at output a quantity U Q indicating the correction to be made to the flow rate Q ST of the steam ST to compensate for the difference ⁇ Q .
  • the electronic processing unit 22 receives at input:
  • the need to linearize the dependence between the input variables and the output variables of the supply system 2 derives principally precisely from the functions that describe the dependence of the density ⁇ (P, T) and of the enthalpy H (P, T) upon the pressure P ST and the temperature T ST .
  • Said functions are in fact markedly nonlinear and consequently, in order to be able to control the pressure P ST , and the temperature T ST of the steam so that the control is the same in all the working points, it is necessary to linearize said functions.
  • both the density p (P, T) and the enthalpy H (P, T) of the flow of steam ST and, consequently, the desired temperature T and the desired pressure P of the steam ST depend both upon the enthalpy H 1 of the flow of superheated steam ST 1 and upon the enthalpy H 2 of the flow of saturated steam ST 2 .
  • Equation (1) moreover shows how the temperature T and the pressure P of the steam ST depend also upon the flow rate Q ST and upon the thermodynamic parameters of the flow of steam ST.
  • the main advantage of the device according to the invention is that it enables an optimal regulation of the thermodynamic parameters of a fluid for supply of a plant and, in particular, of the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the fluid, in so far as it enables control of said thermodynamic parameters in a linear and decoupled way.
  • the algorithms implemented by the electronic processing units 18-23 could, for example, be integrated in a single centralized calculating unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP06425493A 2006-07-17 2006-07-17 Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur Withdrawn EP1892468A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425493A EP1892468A1 (fr) 2006-07-17 2006-07-17 Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur
PCT/EP2007/057386 WO2008009686A2 (fr) 2006-07-17 2007-07-17 Système et procédé pour contrôler des paramètres thermodynamiques d'une vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425493A EP1892468A1 (fr) 2006-07-17 2006-07-17 Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1892468A1 true EP1892468A1 (fr) 2008-02-27

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EP06425493A Withdrawn EP1892468A1 (fr) 2006-07-17 2006-07-17 Système et procédé pour le contrôle des paramètres de vapeur

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EP (1) EP1892468A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008009686A2 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2525146B (en) * 2014-01-17 2017-01-11 Spirax-Sarco Ltd A steam oven installation
DE102016102777A1 (de) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-17 Netzsch Trockenmahltechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von überhitztem Dampf aus einem Arbeitsmedium
CN111581789B (zh) * 2020-04-22 2024-07-23 华南理工大学 一种基于matlab的平流层飞艇升空多物理场耦合的解耦方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE369736A (fr) *
GB819106A (en) * 1957-02-27 1959-08-26 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to the operation of a heat exchanger in a steam generator
US4753079A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-06-28 Hisaka Works, Limited Evaporating apparatus
DE4129115A1 (de) * 1991-09-02 1993-03-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur verbesserung des wirkungsgrades verknuepfter abhitzeprozesse und dampferzeugungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US20030037535A1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2003-02-27 Erhard Liebig Method and apparatus for regulating the steam temperature of the live steam or reheater steam in a combined-cycle power plant

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE369736A (fr) *
GB819106A (en) * 1957-02-27 1959-08-26 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to the operation of a heat exchanger in a steam generator
US4753079A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-06-28 Hisaka Works, Limited Evaporating apparatus
DE4129115A1 (de) * 1991-09-02 1993-03-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur verbesserung des wirkungsgrades verknuepfter abhitzeprozesse und dampferzeugungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US20030037535A1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2003-02-27 Erhard Liebig Method and apparatus for regulating the steam temperature of the live steam or reheater steam in a combined-cycle power plant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DOLEZAL R: "REGELUNG DER DAMPFTEMPERATUR MIT HILFE DER TEILWEISEN SATTDAMPFUMLEITUNG", BWK BRENNSTOFF WARME KRAFT, SPRINGER VDI VERLAG, DUSSELDORF, DE, vol. 47, no. 5, 1 May 1995 (1995-05-01), pages 230 - 231, XP000504409, ISSN: 1618-193X *

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Publication number Publication date
WO2008009686A2 (fr) 2008-01-24
WO2008009686A3 (fr) 2009-03-12

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