EP1911530B1 - Transducteur à ultrasons doté d'une adaptation d'impédance acoustique - Google Patents

Transducteur à ultrasons doté d'une adaptation d'impédance acoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1911530B1
EP1911530B1 EP20070405233 EP07405233A EP1911530B1 EP 1911530 B1 EP1911530 B1 EP 1911530B1 EP 20070405233 EP20070405233 EP 20070405233 EP 07405233 A EP07405233 A EP 07405233A EP 1911530 B1 EP1911530 B1 EP 1911530B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matching layer
ultrasound converter
temperature
matching
acoustic impedance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20070405233
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1911530A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Nölle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baumer Electric AG
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Baumer Electric AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Baumer Electric AG filed Critical Baumer Electric AG
Publication of EP1911530A1 publication Critical patent/EP1911530A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer with an acoustic impedance matching according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Ultrasonic sensors that operate according to the pulse-echo principle are suitable for non-contact detection of objects within a detection area.
  • a transducer generates a burst or a short ultrasonic wave packet. This propagates into the room according to the directional characteristic of the transducer. If an object is within the detection range of the sensor, a part of the sound waves is usually reflected back towards the transducer. After sending out the ultrasonic burst, the transducer is switched as a receiver and receives the reflected echo signal on the object.
  • the transit time or the duration between the emission of the burst and the reception of the echo is a measure of the distance of the object from the sensor at a known sound velocity in the propagation medium (eg air or water).
  • the temperature of the propagation medium can be detected and, for example, a correction factor can be calculated on the basis of an allocation table, which compensates the temperature dependence of the speed of sound in the propagation medium.
  • Piezoceramic transducers are widely used to generate and receive ultrasound signals.
  • a matching layer serves as an acoustic impedance converter between the reverberant piezoceramic disk and the liquid or gaseous propagation medium.
  • the thickness of the matching layer is dimensioned so that at a resonant frequency of the vibration system as large a part of the sound energy is transmitted to the surrounding medium. Ideally, the thickness of the matching layer is about one quarter of the resonant wavelength in the matching layer.
  • the piezoceramic disk is glued coaxially to the matching layer. This composite is foamed, for example, with a damping or sound-absorbing PU foam so that only the front Abstrahl Structureradial remains free.
  • a disadvantage of epoxide glass hollow ball matching layers are the high price and the sometimes insufficient homogeneity of the starting material. This is usually available in block or plate form or in the form of rods of different diameters. By mechanical processing disc-like matching layers are made.
  • An ultrasonic transducer is known in which a piezoceramic transducer element is connected to a matching layer of a thermoplastic elastomer, for example a polyurethane elastomer.
  • the WO01 / 08237 discloses an ultrasonic transducer which may have a matching layer of polyurethane, whereby bubbles may also be included in the matching layer. It is noted in this document that the acoustic impedance does not vary for different polyurethanes with Shore hardness in the range of 20A to 85A (ie soft elastic polyurethanes).
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive to manufacture ultrasonic transducer with a sufficiently temperature-stable matching layer.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive to manufacture ultrasonic transducer with a sufficiently temperature-stable matching layer.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an ultrasonic transducer 1, also called transducers or transducers. It comprises as oscillating body a piezoceramic disk 3 metallized on both sides, which is glued coaxially to a cylindrical or disk-like matching layer 5 with the same or larger diameter.
  • the thickness d of the matching layer 5 is preferably dimensioned so that the sound extraction of the ultrasonic transducer 1 to the surrounding medium is maximum.
  • sound decoupling can be interpreted, for example, as sound energy emitted per unit of time into the front half-space or, alternatively, into a predeterminable solid angle.
  • the main resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 1 and / or the composite is out Piezoceramic disc 3 and matching layer 5 in the order of magnitude of the radial resonance frequency of the free piezoceramic disc 3.
  • the thickness d of the matching layer 5 can thus be, for example, in a range from approximately 1 mm to approximately 5 mm.
  • the matching layer 5 can - as in FIG. 1 shown - be formed as a circular disc.
  • thermoset a material for the matching layer 5
  • a rigid polyurethane foam is used as a material for the matching layer 5.
  • the polyurethane or the polyurethane matrix is crosslinked and thus has at least partial properties of a thermoset.
  • thermoset a material that can have a high temperature stability.
  • temperature stability broadly means the structural and chemical resistance of the material. Up to a specified limit temperature no irreversible changes in the material condition may occur in this regard.
  • sensitivity stability in an ultrasonic transducer 1 can be defined so that the loss of sensitivity up to the limit temperature, for example, less than 50% (based on a reference sensitivity at Room temperature).
  • Sensitivity in this context is the voltage ratio of the received signal to the transmitted signal when the ultrasonic transducer 1 is driven by a transmitting burst and subsequently the associated echo reflected at a reference reflector is received again.
  • the transmission frequency is kept constant. In an alternative definition, the transmission frequency is optimized in each case so that the received echo signal is maximum.
  • Suitable rigid polyurethane foams are available, for example, under the name Obomodulan (R) from Obo-Werke GmbH, Germany.
  • a material having a density between about 400kg / m3 to about 900kg / m3 is used.
  • Particularly advantageous is the Obomodulan type 652HT with a density of about 650kg / m3.
  • the adjustment discs 5 can be made for example by mechanical processing of standard plates.
  • the high temperature stability of such materials can sometimes be up to 120 ° C and more.
  • the small change of various material parameters such as the thermal expansion coefficient and the modulus of elasticity as a function of temperature allow the production of temperature-stable ultrasonic sensors 1, which can be used up to temperatures of 70 ° C, 80 ° C, 100 ° C or in some cases.
  • the sensitivity loss based on the sensitivity at room temperature (20 ° C to 25 ° C) is less than 50%.
  • the high temperature stability also has a positive effect on the long-term stability (low aging) of the ultrasonic transducers 1.
  • the composite of piezoceramic disc 3 and matching layer 5 is, with the exception of a front-side radiating surface 8 within a can-like or pot-like transducer housing 9 in a Dämpfmaschine 7, for example, a sound-absorbing, soft polyurethane foam, embedded.
  • the converter housing 9 is preferably an at least partially metal-coated plastic housing or a metallic housing, which can be used as an electromagnetic shield for the piezoceramic disk 3.
  • the metallizations or electrodes of the piezoceramic disk 3 are connected, for example by means of bonded or soldered strands or cables with contact points on the transducer housing 9 (not shown).
  • connecting cables connected to the electrodes can also be led out of the converter housing 9 through openings on the rear side of the converter housing 9 (not shown).
  • the ultrasound transducer 1 or the matching layer 5 can be covered by a protective layer 11 at least in the region of the radiating surface 8, which prevents the penetration of water, steam or other chemicals into the matching layer 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through an ultrasonic transducer 1, in which the entire front side and the side walls of the transducer housing 9 are coated with a homogeneous, thin protective layer 11.
  • Such protective layers 11 can be formed, for example, by painting or spraying on a suitable lacquer or a paint.
  • an impregnation of the matching layer 5 may be provided.
  • the thickness of the protective layer may be very thin depending on the design and material, so that the influence on the acoustic properties of the transducer 1 is minimal.
  • the thickness of the protective layer 11 may be, for example, in the range between a few micrometers to a few hundred micrometers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) doté d'une adaptation d'impédance acoustique pour optimiser le découplage de vibrations d'un disque piézocéramique (3) à un milieu environnant, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche adaptatrice (5) en une mousse dure de polyuréthane réticulé est reliée au disque piézocéramique (3).
  2. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la mousse dure est remplie de billes creuses en verre ou en matière plastique ou d'une autre matière de remplissage légère.
  3. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche adaptatrice présente une densité comprise entre 400 kg/m3 et 900 kg/m3.
  4. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche adaptatrice (5) est résistante à la température jusqu'à au moins 120 °C.
  5. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la variation de sensibilité à l'intérieur d'une plage de température comprise entre la température ambiante et une température limite de 70 °C est inférieure à 50%.
  6. Transducteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche adaptatrice (5) ou le transducteur à ultrasons (1) lui-même sont recouverts d'une couche protectrice au moins dans la zone de la surface de rayonnement acoustique (8).
EP20070405233 2006-10-09 2007-08-13 Transducteur à ultrasons doté d'une adaptation d'impédance acoustique Not-in-force EP1911530B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH16072006 2006-10-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1911530A1 EP1911530A1 (fr) 2008-04-16
EP1911530B1 true EP1911530B1 (fr) 2009-07-22

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EP20070405233 Not-in-force EP1911530B1 (fr) 2006-10-09 2007-08-13 Transducteur à ultrasons doté d'une adaptation d'impédance acoustique

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EP (1) EP1911530B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007001104D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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DE102013110900A1 (de) 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertreten durch den Präsidenten der BAM, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung Prüfkopf für luftgekoppelten Ultraschall

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DE102010063050B4 (de) * 2010-12-14 2021-02-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von piezoelektrischen akustischen Wandlern
GB2513884B (en) 2013-05-08 2015-06-17 Univ Bristol Method and apparatus for producing an acoustic field
US9612658B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2017-04-04 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Method and apparatus for providing tactile sensations
GB2530036A (en) 2014-09-09 2016-03-16 Ultrahaptics Ltd Method and apparatus for modulating haptic feedback
SG11201706557SA (en) 2015-02-20 2017-09-28 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Perceptions in a haptic system
CN107534810B (zh) 2015-02-20 2019-12-20 超级触觉资讯处理有限公司 用于提供改进的触觉反馈的方法
US10818162B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2020-10-27 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Calibration techniques in haptic systems
US11189140B2 (en) 2016-01-05 2021-11-30 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Calibration and detection techniques in haptic systems
US10531212B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2020-01-07 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd. Acoustic transducers in haptic systems
US10268275B2 (en) 2016-08-03 2019-04-23 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Three-dimensional perceptions in haptic systems
US10755538B2 (en) 2016-08-09 2020-08-25 Ultrahaptics ilP LTD Metamaterials and acoustic lenses in haptic systems
US10943578B2 (en) 2016-12-13 2021-03-09 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Driving techniques for phased-array systems
US10497358B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-12-03 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Transducer driver
US11531395B2 (en) 2017-11-26 2022-12-20 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Haptic effects from focused acoustic fields
WO2019122916A1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Ultrahaptics Limited Réduction au minimum des réponses indésirables dans des systèmes haptiques
EP3729417B1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2025-09-10 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Suivi dans des systèmes haptiques
SG11202010752VA (en) 2018-05-02 2020-11-27 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Blocking plate structure for improved acoustic transmission efficiency
US11098951B2 (en) 2018-09-09 2021-08-24 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Ultrasonic-assisted liquid manipulation
US11378997B2 (en) 2018-10-12 2022-07-05 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Variable phase and frequency pulse-width modulation technique
WO2020141330A2 (fr) 2019-01-04 2020-07-09 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Textures haptiques aériennes
US12373033B2 (en) 2019-01-04 2025-07-29 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Mid-air haptic textures
US11842517B2 (en) 2019-04-12 2023-12-12 Ultrahaptics Ip Ltd Using iterative 3D-model fitting for domain adaptation of a hand-pose-estimation neural network
CN114631139A (zh) 2019-10-13 2022-06-14 超飞跃有限公司 利用虚拟麦克风进行动态封顶
US11374586B2 (en) 2019-10-13 2022-06-28 Ultraleap Limited Reducing harmonic distortion by dithering
US11169610B2 (en) 2019-11-08 2021-11-09 Ultraleap Limited Tracking techniques in haptic systems
US11715453B2 (en) 2019-12-25 2023-08-01 Ultraleap Limited Acoustic transducer structures
US11816267B2 (en) 2020-06-23 2023-11-14 Ultraleap Limited Features of airborne ultrasonic fields
US11886639B2 (en) 2020-09-17 2024-01-30 Ultraleap Limited Ultrahapticons
US12517585B2 (en) 2021-07-15 2026-01-06 Ultraleap Limited Control point manipulation techniques in haptic systems

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US6307302B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-10-23 Measurement Specialities, Inc. Ultrasonic transducer having impedance matching layer
JP4004396B2 (ja) * 2002-12-19 2007-11-07 オリンパス株式会社 超音波振動子
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013110900A1 (de) 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertreten durch den Präsidenten der BAM, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung Prüfkopf für luftgekoppelten Ultraschall
DE102013110900B4 (de) 2013-10-01 2021-07-22 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertreten durch den Präsidenten der BAM, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung Prüfkopf für luftgekoppelten Ultraschall

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EP1911530A1 (fr) 2008-04-16
DE502007001104D1 (de) 2009-09-03

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