EP1921174A2 - Herstellung von Kupplungsbauteilen - Google Patents

Herstellung von Kupplungsbauteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1921174A2
EP1921174A2 EP07254067A EP07254067A EP1921174A2 EP 1921174 A2 EP1921174 A2 EP 1921174A2 EP 07254067 A EP07254067 A EP 07254067A EP 07254067 A EP07254067 A EP 07254067A EP 1921174 A2 EP1921174 A2 EP 1921174A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal blank
metal powder
metal
clutch
admixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07254067A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1921174A3 (de
Inventor
John Engquist
Mark R. Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Burgess Norton Manufacturing Co Inc
Original Assignee
Burgess Norton Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Burgess Norton Manufacturing Co Inc filed Critical Burgess Norton Manufacturing Co Inc
Publication of EP1921174A2 publication Critical patent/EP1921174A2/de
Publication of EP1921174A3 publication Critical patent/EP1921174A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of pre-alloyed powders or a master alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automotive clutch or transmission components and, more particularly, to so called one way clutches wherein one or more struts provide a mechanical coupling between opposed clutch faces and a pair of coaxially rotateable members.
  • a thin flat strut is carried within each of the driving members' pockets such that a first longitudinal end may readily engage and bear against the shoulder defined by the corresponding recess in the driving member.
  • the struts second, opposite longitudinal end is urged by spring force toward and against the driven member, thereby contacting a complimentary surface on the driven member.
  • the materials and processing of such clutch components use high hardenability metals to produce the clutch components.
  • Such materials can be used as backing plates in automotive transmissions.
  • the metallic micro structure of such currently used materials is nearly 100% martensite which is strong and wear resistant.
  • the clutch component is also susceptible to damage and localized injury from hot spots.
  • hot spots are produced by interaction with mating friction plates made from a variety of friction materials. Temperatures in these hot spot zones can approach 1500°F (815°C) or more. Because the currently used materials are highly hardenable and the hot spot temperatures may exceed the critical temperature or austentizing temperature for steel, the metal in the area of the hot spots can be readily transformed into untempered martensite.
  • Such untempered martensite areas on the backing plate face of the clutch component can be an initiation site for brittle fractures which can readily propagate causing ultimate clutch component failure.
  • a low alloy constituent, low hardenability material is utilized that accordingly requires a more aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic wear resistant hard structure.
  • the preferred method includes the traditional powder metallurgy operation of die compacting and sintering that is followed by a quenching operation wherein the sintered material is quenched in an environment of a cooling rate that results in a metallic microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic with a small portion of fine pearlite, generally less than 10%. Quenching may include other quench methods than atmospheric.
  • the method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes the initial provision of a metal pre alloy powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron, admixing an additional metal powder of 0.60-0.90% carbon and 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder to form an admixed metal powder.
  • a suitable lubricant is added to the metal powder mixture to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
  • the lubricant is one of an EBS (Ethylene bis-stearamide) wax, metal stearates or other lubricant suitable for use in die compaction of metal powders.
  • the lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, usually at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch in the forming die.
  • the die compacted metal blank is then sintered in an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or other atmosphere suitable for sintering and sinter hardening.
  • the sintering operation itself is usually conducted at a temperature above 2000°F (1090°C), and most usually at a temperature between 2000°F (1090°C) and 2350°F (1290°C) for a period of at least 10 minutes.
  • the sintered metal blank itself is then cooled or quenched in a quenching or cooling operation that reduces the temperature of the sintered at a rate of 1.9°F/sec.
  • an exemplary clutch assembly 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is seen to include a driving member 12 and a driven member 14, both of which are rotateable about a common normal axis 16.
  • the exemplary clutch assembly 10 further includes a plurality of struts 18, disposed between the driving member 12 on the driven member 14. Struts 18 operate to mechanically couple the driving member 12 to the driven member 14 only when the driving member 12 rotates in a first direction relative to the driven member 14.
  • Such an arrangement is typically referred to as a one way clutch.
  • the driving member 12 has a clutch face 22 that defines a first reference surface 24 that extends generally normal to the driving member's rotational axis 16.
  • a plurality of recesses are defined in clutch face 22 of driving member 12, with each recess including a load-bearing shoulder that is operative to abuttingly engage a first end of a given strut 18 when the driving member 12 rotates in a first direction. While this embodiment of the invention contemplates any suitable configuration for the recesses of the driving member 12, in the exemplary clutch assembly 10 each recess 26 of the driving member 12 is adapted to receive a respective one of the assembly's struts 18. In such arrangement, struts 18 are nominally carried by the driving member 12 for rotation therewith about the axis 16.
  • Driven member 14 similarly includes a clutch face 34, in close-spaced opposition to the clutch face 22 of the driving member 12.
  • Clutch face 34 also includes a reference surface 36 that extends generally normal to the driven member's rotational axis 16.
  • the driven member's clutch face 34 also includes a plurality of recesses 38 which exceed the number of recesses in the driving member 12.
  • Each of the driven member's recesses 38 is adapted to receive the second end of a given strut 18 when the strut's second end is urged into recess 38. Such urging is typically by a spring seated beneath the strut 18 in the driving members recess.
  • Each of the driven member's recesses 38 includes a load-bearing shoulder 46 that is operative to engage the second end of a given strut 18 when the driving member 12 rotates in the first direction relative to the driven member 14.
  • Driver member 14 includes a back face friction plate. This back face is subjected to intense localized heating in use.
  • the material for the clutch or transmission components of the present invention is a low alloy, low hardenability material that is subjected to an aggressive cooling or quenching operation to produce a strong martensitic, wear resistant metallic structure.
  • the method of the present invention results in clutch or transmission components that have the desired properties.
  • a method of manufacturing an automotive component in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of providing an initial pre alloy metal powder comprising, by weight, 0.35-0.55% nickel, 0.50-0.85% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron. Then an additional 0.60-0.90% carbon, 1.0-3.0% copper metal powder are admixed to the initial metal powder to form an admixed metal powder. A suitable lubricant is added in accordance with powder metal practice to form a lubricated, admixed metal powder. The lubricated admixed metal powder is then die compacted, typically at a pressure of between 40 and 65 tons per square inch, to form a die compacted metal blank.
  • the die compacted metal blank is then sintered to form a sintered metal blank.
  • Such sintering typically is conducted at a temperature above 2000°F (1090°C), and more typically at a temperature between 2000°F (1090°C) and 2350°F (1290°C).
  • the sintered metal blank which is, in one embodiment of the present invention, either the driven or driving clutch component mentioned above, is then cooled or quenched to form a cooled metal blank.
  • the quenching or cooling operation reduces the temperature of the sintered metal blank from between 1600°F (870°C) to 2000°F (1090°C) to a temperature of 450°F (230°C) and 500°F (260°C).
  • the cooled or quenched metal blank is then tempered at a temperature of between 350°F (175°C) and 450°F (230°C) for at least one hour.
  • the resulting automotive component has a microstructure that is 50-80% martensitic, 20-50% bainitic, and a small percentage, usually less than 10%, fine pearlite.
  • this resulting automotive component material does not transform as readily to martensite, the component does not respond to localized hot spots in clutch or transmission automotive service. Because there is almost no untempered martensite, the resulting microstructure, which is up to 50% bainitic, eliminates fracture initiation sites thereby extending the serviceable life of the clutch or transmission component. Reduction in hardenablity, as compared to the high hardenability materials previously used in such clutch brake or transmission components, reduces the materials propensity to rehardening which further prohibits crack development and propagation.
  • an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 micron comprising, by weight, .45% nickel, .65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
  • the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
  • the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050°F for 15 minutes.
  • the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 5.4°F (3.00°C) per second from an initial temperature of (2000°F) (1090°C) to a temperature of (500°F) (260°C) per use.
  • the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380°F) (190°C) for 60 minutes.
  • the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 50-55% martensitic, 45-50% bainitic and ⁇ 5% fine pearlite.
  • the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA40.
  • an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle sizes between 250 and 1 microns comprising, by weight, .45% nickel, .65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
  • the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
  • the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050°F for 15 minutes.
  • the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9°F (1.05°C) per second from an initial temperature of (2000°F) (1090°C) to a temperature of (500°F) (260°C) per use.
  • the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380°F) (1090°C) for 60 minutes.
  • the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 60-65% martensitic, 35-40% bainitic and ⁇ 5% fine pearlite.
  • the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA50.
  • an initial pre alloy metal powder of particle size between 250 and 1 micron comprising, by weight, .45% nickel, .65% molybdenum, with the balance essentially iron.
  • EBS 5% EBS was added as a lubricant to form a lubricated admixed metal powder.
  • the lubricated, admixed metal powder was compacted at a pressure of 45 tons per square inch.
  • the die compacted metal blank was then sintered at a temperature 2050 for 15 minutes.
  • the sintered metal blank was then quenched at a rate of 1.9°F (1.0°C) per second from an initial temperature of (2000°F) (1090°C) to a temperature of (500 °F) (260°C) per use.
  • the quenched metal blank was then tempered at a temperature of (380°F) (190°C) for 60 minutes.
  • the resulting material has a metal microstructure that was 80% martensitic, 20% bainitic and ⁇ 1% fine pearlite.
  • the Rockwell hardness of the resulting material was about HRA58.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
EP07254067A 2006-10-23 2007-10-12 Herstellung von Kupplungsbauteilen Withdrawn EP1921174A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/585,297 US20080095654A1 (en) 2006-10-23 2006-10-23 Manufacture of clutch components

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1921174A2 true EP1921174A2 (de) 2008-05-14
EP1921174A3 EP1921174A3 (de) 2009-04-15

Family

ID=38969907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07254067A Withdrawn EP1921174A3 (de) 2006-10-23 2007-10-12 Herstellung von Kupplungsbauteilen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20080095654A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1921174A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2008169469A (de)
KR (1) KR20080036523A (de)
CN (1) CN101195164A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2484788A4 (de) * 2009-09-29 2014-03-19 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Kraftübertragungsteil

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008124464A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc. Multi-piece thin walled powder metal cylinder liners
US8602189B2 (en) * 2010-03-05 2013-12-10 Means Industries, Inc. Diecast coupling member for use in an engageable coupling assembly
CN102672165A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2012-09-19 太仓市锦立得粉末冶金有限公司 一种粉末冶金
CN103361565A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 一种粉末冶金法兰及其制备方法
CN103357862A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 一种粉末冶金齿轮及其制备方法
CN103567434A (zh) * 2013-10-10 2014-02-12 铜陵国方水暖科技有限责任公司 一种粉末冶金法兰及其制备方法
CN103600065B (zh) * 2013-10-14 2016-04-13 富莱茵汽车部件有限公司 一种粉末冶金齿轮及其制备方法
CN105499588A (zh) * 2015-12-09 2016-04-20 碧梦技(上海）复合材料有限公司 一种同步器齿毂的粉末冶金制造工艺
CN107225364A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2017-10-03 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 一种汽车自动变速箱离合器信号轮的制备方法
CN107225247B (zh) * 2016-03-24 2024-04-12 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 一种汽车自动变速箱离合器压盘
CN109676141B (zh) * 2017-12-06 2020-10-23 全亿大科技（佛山）有限公司 异形复杂金属制品的制造方法及异形复杂金属制品
CN109128190A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-04 常熟市迅达粉末冶金有限公司 一种薄壁斜齿轮的加工工艺
CN112647023A (zh) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-13 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 一种汽车转向管柱吸能装置用齿条齿块及其生产工艺

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6571926B2 (en) 2001-02-12 2003-06-03 Means Industries, Inc. One-way clutch assembly featuring improved strut stability

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JPS60169501A (ja) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-03 Toyota Motor Corp 焼結鍛造用鉄系合金粉末
US5154881A (en) * 1992-02-14 1992-10-13 Hoeganaes Corporation Method of making a sintered metal component
AU723317B2 (en) * 1996-05-13 2000-08-24 Gkn Sinter Metals Inc. Method for preparing high performance ferrous materials
US6338747B1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2002-01-15 Keystone Investment Corporation Method for producing powder metal materials

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6571926B2 (en) 2001-02-12 2003-06-03 Means Industries, Inc. One-way clutch assembly featuring improved strut stability

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
"ASM Handbook Vol. 7: Powder Metal Technologies and Applications", vol. 7, 1998, article "Ferrous Powder Metallurgy Materials", pages: 751 - 768

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2484788A4 (de) * 2009-09-29 2014-03-19 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Kraftübertragungsteil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1921174A3 (de) 2009-04-15
KR20080036523A (ko) 2008-04-28
JP2008169469A (ja) 2008-07-24
CN101195164A (zh) 2008-06-11
US20080095654A1 (en) 2008-04-24

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