EP1922528A1 - Dispositif pour determiner et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant - Google Patents

Dispositif pour determiner et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant

Info

Publication number
EP1922528A1
EP1922528A1 EP06793154A EP06793154A EP1922528A1 EP 1922528 A1 EP1922528 A1 EP 1922528A1 EP 06793154 A EP06793154 A EP 06793154A EP 06793154 A EP06793154 A EP 06793154A EP 1922528 A1 EP1922528 A1 EP 1922528A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductive
coupling
container
region
base body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06793154A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Reimelt
Dirk Osswald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP1922528A1 publication Critical patent/EP1922528A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting and monitoring the level of a medium in a container having a coupling unit for coupling / decoupling measuring signals on at least one extending into the container conductive first element, with a provided in the region of the coupling unit first fastener for fastening the device to the container and with a control / evaluation unit for determining a fill level measurement signal.
  • Such devices can be found, for example, in measuring devices of process measurement technology. These gauges are commonly used in automation and process control technology to provide a process variable, such as a process variable. Determine boundary layer, level, dielectric constant or a different physical and / or chemical process variable in a process flow.
  • a process variable such as a process variable. Determine boundary layer, level, dielectric constant or a different physical and / or chemical process variable in a process flow.
  • the Applicant produces and distributes measuring instruments under the name Levelflex and Multicap, which are primarily intended to determine and / or monitor the level of a medium in a container.
  • a microwave pulse, time domain reflectometry or TDR measurement method (Time Domain Reflection) is used to emit a high-frequency pulse along a Sommerfeld or Goubausch waveguide or coaxial waveguide, which at a discontinuity of the DK value ( Dielectric constant) of the medium surrounding the waveguide is partially reflected back. From the time difference between the emission of the high-frequency pulse and the reception of the reflected echo signal of the medium, the level can be determined.
  • the FMCW method Frequency Modulated Continuous Waves
  • the frequency range of a continuous measurement signal is changed and the distance is measured by the frequency difference of the emitted to the reflected measurement signal, is also executable in the context of the above measurement principle.
  • Another measuring principle from a variety of measurement methods to determine the level in a container is the determination of the capacitance change of a capacitive measurement setup with a medium contacting probe and the corresponding container wall or reference probe when the degree of coverage of the probe with the medium or Fluid level in the container changes.
  • contacting level measurement method in which a probe with the medium to be measured directly comes into contact.
  • This probe is usually mounted in a vessel via a process port, port, or port so that the sensing electronics are out of process, ie not in contact with the media, and the probe is integrated into the process.
  • the following references discuss the structure of such probes or waveguides and the coupling of the measuring signals into these probes.
  • EP 1 069 649 A1 shows the waveguide for a level gauge with a simple structure which combines the advantages of the single-wire and known multiwire waveguide by showing no interaction with container installations and which can be easily detected by or deposits to clean. This has been achieved by the fact that the multi-wire waveguides are at least partially surrounded by a dielectric medium in the process and thus can not form an attachment between the individual waveguides.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a coupling that is inexpensive, efficient, with high transmission quality but also at the same time mechanically and chemically stable.
  • the coupling unit has a base body made of a dielectric material and that at least one conductive second element is embedded in the base body, so that the conductive first element and the conductive second element in the area of the main body to each other and the container are electrically isolated.
  • the conductive second element is formed, for example, as a tubular shield conductor, which is positioned coaxially and galvanically separated in the main body in the coupling region around the conductive first element and thus a multi-conductor system is formed.
  • the conductive second element is completely surrounded by the material of the base body on the process side and is thus not process-touching, whereby no sealing elements have to be introduced between the base body and the conductive second element and no highly resistant material, such as VA steel, can be used.
  • the conductive second element is for example as a simple sheet metal bent part or formed as a wire mesh. If the base body has a modular design, it is also conceivable to use a shaped part corresponding to the conductive second element via a coating process with a conductive coating, for example a coating. As metal to provide.
  • the container is made of a conductive material or that in the case that the container is made of a non-conductive material, the container at least in the wider region of the fastener a conductive coating having.
  • the container consists of an electrically conductive material.
  • the roof area around the process connection of the measuring device of the conductive container acts as a reflector, as a result of which more signal intensity of the measuring signal is coupled to the measuring probe during the transition from the multi-conductor system or less signal energy is lost.
  • the ratio between transmission and reflection of the coupled measurement signal in the transition from the multi-conductor system to the probe is greatly increased or improved. For this reason, the measuring accuracy and the measuring sensitivity of the measuring device are significantly increased.
  • the container is not made of a conductive material, it is possible by a coating method, for. As the application of a conductive paint on the outer surface or inner surface of the container to achieve the effect described above.
  • This embodiment with a conductive coated container made of a dielectric base material is also advantageous in a measuring probe with a conventional coupling unit according to the prior art, which consists of a metallic base body.
  • a first coupling region which is located in the region of the fastening element between the outer surface of the conductive second element and the container, is dimensioned such that an optimized electromagnetic coupling of the measuring signal with sufficient mechanical Stability of the basic body is given.
  • An electromagnetic coupling between the conductive second element and the conductive container can be optimized in that the coupling surface is as large as possible and the distance of the coupling elements is as small as possible, but the benefits of this condition must be weighed against the condition of mechanical stability of the body.
  • An expedient embodiment of the device according to the invention is that the first coupling region for electromagnetic coupling in structure, Shape, coupling surface and / or gap width is configured so that substantially forms a defined mode of the measurement signal in a coupling region between the conductive first element and the conductive second element and / or configured in a measuring range of the conductive first element.
  • the conductive element consists of at least two subcomponents, an inner conductor and a measuring probe. Due to the two-part design of the conductive first element, it is easily possible to replace the measuring probe on the device.
  • a second coupling region is formed for the electromagnetic coupling of the measurement signals.
  • the inner conductor of the first conductive first element and the outer conductor of the conductive second element is completely enclosed by the material of the base body and thus configured completely separated from the process.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is provided that the two sub-components are mechanically connected to each other by means of a fastening and positioning element and that the Befest Trentsund positioning element is embedded in the main body of the coupling unit.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention is that the main body of the coupling unit is modular or multi-part design.
  • a very advantageous variant of the solution according to the invention is the fact that the main body of the coupling unit is designed in one piece.
  • the conductive first element and the conductive second element are made of a metal, made of an electrically conductive plastic and / or metallic or conductive coated parts of a dielectric material / is.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the device of the invention can be seen in the fact that it is the dielectric material is a plastic that can be preferably processed by injection molding, and / or is a ceramic.
  • the conductive second element has openings, wherein the corresponding openings of the dielectric material of the base body at least partially filled. Due to the filling of the openings, mechanical forces, for example tensile forces, which can occur in the region between the conductive first element and the conductive second element due to, for example, tensile forces on the measuring probe, can be dissipated to the outside or to the process connection. Thus, it is avoided that at the points where the base body surrounds the embedded conductive second element process side, due to mechanical force strong crench and shear forces occur, which can lead to fatigue failure or rupture of the body at these locations.
  • mechanical forces for example tensile forces
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic overall representation of a prior art time domain reflectometer with a Sommerfeld waveguide
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling unit according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling unit according to a third embodiment
  • Fig. 6 an exploded view of the coupling unit according to the third Ausrete tion form
  • FIG. 7 shows a three-dimensional exploded view with partial section of the coupling unit according to a third embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 shows an application of the device 1 according to the invention as a time domain reflectometer 32 measuring system or TDR Messsytem (Time Domain Reflectometry) for determining the continuous level 2 of a medium 3 in a container 4.
  • a time domain reflectometer 32 measuring system or TDR Messsytem (Time Domain Reflectometry) for determining the continuous level 2 of a medium 3 in a container 4.
  • TDR Messsytem Time Domain Reflectometry
  • This meter is on a process connection 8, such.
  • the TDR measurement method works according to the following measurement principle: About the probe 21 are electromagnetic waves 9, the skin effect in the environment and on the surface of the probe 21 are guided along, in the direction of the medium 3 and the process space 22 emitted. These electromagnetic waves 9 are partially reflected back at a DK value jump or a discontinuity of the dielectric factor e r of the surrounding medium 3 and a concomitant change in the characteristic impedance. This discontinuity is present, for example, when the dielectric constant e rl of the gas phase superimposed on the medium 3, in particular of the air (e rl «l), is smaller than the dielectric constant e r2 of the medium 3.
  • the measured transit time of the electromagnetic waves 9 is determined by a Conversion using the formula of the shaft speed determines the distance traveled. This difference distance corresponds to the height of the container 4 minus the level 2 of the medium 3 in the container 4. Since the height of the container 4 and the position of the coupling of the electromagnetic waves 9 is known, thus the level 2 in the container 4 can be determined.
  • the electromagnetic waves are generated for example as pulses with a bandwidth of 0 - 1.5 GHz in the transmitting / receiving unit 11 and coupled by means of a coupling unit 13 as a transmission signal S in a Sommerfeld waveguide 21.
  • a coupling unit 13 As a transmission signal S in a Sommerfeld waveguide 21.
  • the reflection signals R returning to the waveguide 21 due to the discontinuity of the dielectric constant e r of the surrounding medium 3 are in turn received in the transmitting / receiving unit 11 and preprocessed.
  • these preprocessed measuring signals 10 are evaluated metrologically and signal technically in the control / evaluation unit 12 and processed so that the measured value of the filling level 2 or an echo curve signal representing the conditioned envelope of the measuring signal 10 is transmitted to the fieldbus 30 via a bus interface 29 Control station is forwarded.
  • the measured value of the level 2 or the echo curve signal can also be displayed on an integrated display or an output / input unit of the device 1, which is not explicitly shown here.
  • the power supply 31 of the device 1 or the measuring device is realized for example by means of a Zeidraht line.
  • the line to the power supply 31 is omitted if it is the measuring device or device 1 is a so-called two-wire measuring device whose communication via the field bus 30 and power supply 31 exclusively and simultaneously via a two-wire line.
  • the data transmission or communication via the fieldbus 30, for example, according to the CAN, HART, PROFIBUS DP, PROFIBUS FMS PROFIBUS PA, or FOUNDATION FIELDBUS standard.
  • a time domain reflectometer 32 for determining the level 2 of a medium 3 in a container 4 is shown with a measuring probe 21 which is formed as a rod or rope-shaped surface waveguide 21 which conducts the electromagnetic waves.
  • This embodiment of the device 1 can also be used as a capacitive measuring system for determining the level 2 of a medium 3 in a container 4, wherein the capacitance determined between the measuring probe 21 and a reference electrode or the inner wall 6 of the container 4 by a measuring signal 10 of the level 2 and the dielectric constant e r of the medium 3 is dependent.
  • the base body 16 consists of a metallic or electrically conductive material 24, which forms a coaxial conductor 18a as outer conductor 20 together with the conductive first element 14 or the waveguide 21 as inner conductor 19 in the coupling region 34.
  • a fastening element 17 for example a threaded screw connection, the main body 16 is firmly connected to the container 4. If a conductive or metallic container 4a is used to store the medium 3, there is furthermore an electrically conductive contact between the base body 16 and the conductive or metallic container 4a via fastening element 17.
  • the measuring signal 10 is fed into the inner conductor 19 via a coaxial connector 33 or the conductive first element 14 and decoupled.
  • the inner conductor 19 is mechanically held and fixed in particular in the base body 16 by an inner conductor thickening 19b. Due to the coaxial configuration of the coupling-in region 34, a TEM mode of the coupled-in measuring signal 10 forms there, which represents a preferred embodiment for virtually lossless and interference-free forwarding of the coupled-in measuring signal 10.
  • a formation of a TM 01 mode in the vicinity of the waveguide 21 is achieved for optimal measurement of the level 2 of a medium 3 in a container 4, that the transition from the conductive base body 16 to the conductive or metallic container 4a represents an expansion by 180 ° of the outer conductor 20 or conductive second element 15.
  • the tank roof has the effect of a reflector adjoining the coupling region 34, whereby less energy is lost in the transition region from the coaxial conductor 18a in the coupling region 34 to a single waveguide 21 in the measuring region 35.
  • the tank roof acts as a strong reflector.
  • a sealing member 25 are introduced, which is not explicitly shown in Fig. 2, but in Fig. 3, 5 and 6 is shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a first coupling unit 13 according to the invention.
  • the base body 16 consists of a dielectric material 23. Via a fastening element 17, eg a thread screw connection, the base body 16 is mechanically fixed in the region of a process connection 8 and through the sealing elements 25 also for media 3 hermetically sealed to the container 4.
  • the measuring probe or the waveguide 21 as a multi-conductor system 19 with an outer conductor 20 and an inner conductor 19, in particular as a coaxial conductor 19 a executed.
  • the inner conductor 19 is mechanically held and fixed in particular in the base body 16 by an inner conductor thickening 19b.
  • the measuring signal 10 is coupled into and out of the inner conductor 19 or the conductive first element 14 via a coaxial connector 33.
  • the inner conductor 19 made of a metallic or conductive material 24 is embedded in the base body 16 of a dielectric material 23 and by a sealing element 25, eg O-ring, between the two materials 23, 24 hermetically sealed.
  • the design of the base body 16 of the coupling-in unit 13 made of a dielectric material 23 has the advantage that the rather expensive metallic basic body 16, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, can be produced by a simple and cost-effective production method, eg injection molding, hot stamping , Casting, pressing or rapid-proto-typing, can be made with low-cost materials, such as plastics or ceramics.
  • an external conductor 20 has to be inserted into or onto the dielectric base body 16. If a metallic or conductive material 4a is applied to the outer surface of the base body 16 by a method, eg vapor deposition, an outer conductor 20 has been created, but this layer application is not particularly mechanically or chemically stable. This embodiment has not been explicitly shown in the figures. Another possibility is to embed a conductive second element 15 galvanically separated from the conductive first element 14 in the base body 16, so that between a metallic or a conductive container 4a and the conductive second element 15 via a coupling surface 28 a first coupling region 26a forms.
  • the gap width 27 and the coupling surface 28 of this first coupling region 26a are selected so that given sufficient mechanical stability of the base body 16 due to tensile and shear forces due to the mechanical load of the conductive first element 14 optimal electromagnetic coupling 26 is given.
  • an optimal transition of the coupled measurement signal 10 into the conductive first element 14 from the coaxial conductor 18a with a trained TEM mode of the measurement signal 10 in the coupling region 34 on a Sommerfeld or Goubau - waveguide 21 with a trained TMOl mode of the measurement signal 10 in Measuring range 35 reaches, as already described in Fig. 2.
  • the conductive second element 15 is completely embedded in the dielectric material 23 of the base body 16, so that no additional sealing element 25 must be introduced between these parts 23, 25 in order to maintain the hermetic process seal.
  • the coupling unit 13 should couple as much intensity of the measurement signal 10 or intensity of the electromagnetic wave 9 in the probe 21 by the measuring signal 10 at the transition from the coaxial conductor 18a or multi-conductor 18 to a single conductor or a Measuring probe 21 is hardly reflected back.
  • a first coupling region 26a can be produced by applying a conductive coating to the outer wall 5, inner wall 6 or into the intermediate region of the wall 7 in the region of the process connection 8 or the roof of the container 4b become.
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment according to the invention of a coupling unit 13.
  • the coupling unit 13 is almost the same as in Fig. 3 configured. The difference is that also the inner conductor 19 or the conductive first element 14 is designed in two parts with a second coupling region 26b. Due to the design of a two-part galvanically separated inner conductor 19, the sealing freedom of the coupling unit 13 is achieved, ie, no additional sealing element 25 must be used to maintain the hermetic process seal.
  • the waveguide 21 or the measuring probe 21 is informed about a fixing and positioning element 17c, for example, a threaded connection or a bayonet closure, which are not explicitly shown, locked in the base body 16 in a coaxial arrangement to the embedded in the dielectric material 23 inner conductor 19 and positioned.
  • the fastening and positioning element 17c on the measuring probe 21 and the counterpart in the base body 16 are designed such that the measuring probe 21 is on the one hand releasably configured by the coupling unit 13 and thus the measuring probe 21 can be replaced, and on the other hand the mechanical stability of the fastening - And positioning element 17 c is given, so that forces acting on the probe 21, be absorbed or compensated.
  • the second coupling region 26b from the inner conductor 19 onto the waveguide or the measuring probe 21 with the fastening and positioning element 17c is designed to achieve an optimized electromagnetic coupling 26 for the transmission frequency of the measuring signal 10 used and good mechanical stability of the fastening device is effected.
  • the base body 16 and / or the inner conductor 19 are modular, constructed of individual sections executed.
  • the base body 16 made of a dielectric material 23 consists for example of a support body 16a, a filling body 16b and a spacer sleeve body 16d.
  • the support body 16a defines the outer shape of the coupling-in unit 13 and serves for fastening the coupling-in unit 13 via a fastening element 17, e.g. a threaded connection 17a in a process connection 8 of the container 4.
  • the support body 16a is advantageously modular, consisting of a process adapter and a measuring electronics housing adapter, which can be combined with one another mechanically via a connecting element.
  • This is not explicitly shown in the figures, but this embodiment has the advantage that, depending on the process connection 8 and measurement electronics housing 36 of the support body 16a of the base body 16 due to the modular design, a plurality of combinations of corresponding process adapters and Meßelektronikgenosu- seadaptern is possible.
  • the measuring probe or the waveguide 21 are embedded centrally and sealed via a sealing element 25 in this support body 16a.
  • the inner conductor 19 is electrically and mechanically connected to the waveguide or the measuring probe 21.
  • the spacer sleeve body 16d is pushed over the upper part of the inner conductor 19 and keeps the filler body 16b centered with the recesses 16c.
  • the recesses 16 c in the filling body 16 b are such designed so that this and the enclosing him conductive second element 15 with corresponding openings 15a can be positively inserted into the support body 16a formed with webs 16e.
  • About a locking ring 17b of the modular structure of the base body 16 and the measuring signal 10 leading conductor of inner conductor 19, waveguide 21, spacer sleeve body 16d, packing 16b and outer conductor 20 is firmly fixed in the support body 16a.
  • the webs 16e give the support body 16a and thus the entire coupling unit 13 a greater mechanical stability and rigidity, by tensile and shear forces acting on the inner conductor 19 and the waveguide 21 and transmitted from these to the base body 16 by the webs 16e are intercepted.
  • the necessary openings 15 a such.
  • slots for example tubular conductive second element 15 have only a small effect on the electromagnetic coupling 26 by means of the first coupling region 26 a between the outer conductor 20 and the conductive or metallic container 4 b.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif servant à déterminer et à surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant par une méthode de mesure de temps de parcours. Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend une unité d'injection servant à injecter des signaux de mesure dans au moins un premier élément conducteur s'étendant à l'intérieur du contenant et à les en extraire, un premier élément de fixation placé dans la zone de l'unité d'injection et servant à fixer le dispositif sur le contenant, ainsi qu'une unité de régulation/évaluation servant à déterminer un signal de mesure de niveau. L'invention vise à permettre une injection qui soit bon marché, efficace et présente une qualité de transmission élevée tout en étant mécaniquement et chimiquement stable. A cet effet, l'unité d'injection comprend un corps de base en matériau diélectrique et les premier et deuxième éléments sont incorporés dans ce corps de base de sorte que le premier élément conducteur et le deuxième élément conducteur sont séparés galvaniquement, l'un de l'autre et par rapport au contenant, dans la zone du corps de base, un système multiconducteur étant ainsi réalisé.
EP06793154A 2005-09-07 2006-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant Withdrawn EP1922528A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005042646A DE102005042646A1 (de) 2005-09-07 2005-09-07 Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung und Überwachung des Füllstandes eines Mediums in einem Behälter
PCT/EP2006/065935 WO2007028775A1 (fr) 2005-09-07 2006-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1922528A1 true EP1922528A1 (fr) 2008-05-21

Family

ID=37440597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06793154A Withdrawn EP1922528A1 (fr) 2005-09-07 2006-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un contenant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8196465B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1922528A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101300464A (fr)
DE (1) DE102005042646A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007028775A1 (fr)

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CN101300464A (zh) 2008-11-05
US8196465B2 (en) 2012-06-12
US20090229359A1 (en) 2009-09-17
DE102005042646A1 (de) 2007-03-08
WO2007028775A1 (fr) 2007-03-15

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