EP1955338A1 - Actionneur electromagnetique avec deux electroaimants comportant des aimants de forces differentes, et procede de gestion d'une soupape de moteur a combustion interne faisant application. - Google Patents
Actionneur electromagnetique avec deux electroaimants comportant des aimants de forces differentes, et procede de gestion d'une soupape de moteur a combustion interne faisant application.Info
- Publication number
- EP1955338A1 EP1955338A1 EP06841832A EP06841832A EP1955338A1 EP 1955338 A1 EP1955338 A1 EP 1955338A1 EP 06841832 A EP06841832 A EP 06841832A EP 06841832 A EP06841832 A EP 06841832A EP 1955338 A1 EP1955338 A1 EP 1955338A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pallet
- core
- electromagnets
- electromagnet
- magnets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
- H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
- H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
- F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
- F01L2009/2146—Latching means
- F01L2009/2148—Latching means using permanent magnet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
Definitions
- Electromagnetic actuator with two electromagnets having magnets of different strengths and method of managing an internal combustion engine valve applying.
- Electromagnetic actuators having an actuating member associated with a pallet movable between two extreme positions under the action of two electromagnets each comprising a coil and a core adapted to channel a stream of the coil so that it closes in the palette.
- Such an actuator is for example used to actuate an internal combustion engine valve 1 'actuator being arranged so that the pusher extends along the axis of sliding of the valve.
- the actuators are powered to selectively attract the pallet.
- the end of the pusher and the end of the valve are biased toward each other by opposing springs defining an equilibrium position of the pusher / valve assembly substantially midway between the two electromagnets.
- the extreme positions of the pallet are defined by the stop of the pallet against the electromagnets and correspond respectively to a closed position and an open position of the valve.
- Each of the electromagnets has permanent magnets that are integrated into the core so that the core channels a flow of permanent magnets so that it closes in the pallet. Permanent magnets are used to hold the pallet in abutment against the corresponding core against the springs, in the absence of supply of the corresponding coil.
- the subject of the invention is an electromagnetic actuator that does not allow the uncontrolled maintenance of the valve in the open position, while reducing the magnetic imbalance.
- an electromagnetic actuator comprising an actuator associated with a pallet and movable between two extreme positions under the action of an elastic member and two electromagnets which are adapted to attract the pallet respectively to one of the extreme positions and which each comprise a coil, a core adapted to channel a stream of the coil so that it closes in the pallet; and one or more permanent magnets that are associated with the core so that the core channels a stream of permanent magnets to close in the pallet.
- the permanent magnet or magnets of one of the electromagnets are adapted to exert on the pallet a force sufficient to hold the pallet against the associated nucleus against the elastic member, while the permanent magnets of the other electromagnets are adapted to exert on the pallet insufficient force to retain the pallet against the associated core against the elastic member.
- FIG. 1 is a partial schematic sectional view of an actuator according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic front view of the lower electromagnet equipping the actuator of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the magnetic force developed by the permanent magnets equipping the lower electromagnets illustrated in FIGS. 3 depending on the distance of the pallet from the lower electromagnet;
- FIG. 5 is a partial front view of the core of a lower electromagnet equipping an actuator according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- the electromagnetic actuator of the invention comprises an upper electromagnet 1 with a core 2 and a coil 3.
- the electromagnet 1 exerts an electromagnetic force on a pallet 4 secured to a pusher 5 movable along the X axis.
- Such an actuator is for example used to actuate a valve 200 of the internal combustion engine, the actuator being arranged so that the pusher 5 extends along the sliding axis of the valve.
- the actuator comprises another electromagnet 101 which extends opposite one electromagnet 1 to selectively attract the pallet 4 in the other direction.
- the end of the pusher 5 and the end of the valve 200 are biased towards each other by counter-springs 201 defining an equilibrium position of the pusher / valve assembly substantially midway between the two electromagnets.
- the pallet 4 is movable between two extreme positions defined by the stop of the pallet against the cores 2 and 102 respectively. These extreme positions correspond respectively to a closed position and to an open position of the valve 200.
- the core 2 of the electromagnet 1 comprises a base
- the central branch comprises two portions 12 with facing inclined faces which are integral with the base 10.
- the portions 12 form a support part e
- the path of the fluxes generated by the permanent magnets 13 which pass through the core 2 to close in the pallet 4 is drawn in thick dashed lines in FIG. 1.
- the wedge 14 has an end face 15 on which a groove 17 is extends parallel to the permanent magnets 13.
- the groove 17 provides a clear separation of the respective flows of the two permanent magnets 13 which pass on either side of the groove 17.
- the actuator includes a lower electromagnet 101 having a core 102 and a coil 103 extending around a central branch of the core extending from a base 110 thereof.
- Core 102 also has side branches 111.
- the flat arrangement of the permanent magnet 113 in the lower electromagnet gives it a length less than the cumulative length of the V-shaped permanent magnets 13 of the upper electromagnet, so that the permanent flat magnet 113 can not exert on the pallet 4, when it is in abutment against the lower electromagnet 101, a lower force than that exerted by the permanent magnets V when the pallet 4 abuts against the upper electromagnet 1.
- the magnets are chosen so that the V-shaped permanent magnets 13 are able to hold alone the pallet 4 abutting against the upper electromagnet 1, against the springs 201, while the permanent magnet 113 is unable to hold alone the pallet 4 abutting against the lower electromagnet 101 to 1 against springs 201.
- the pallet 4 can be held against the upper electromagnet 1 without the coil 3 is energized, which contributes to reducing the consumption of one actuator.
- the pallet 4 is necessary to feed the coil 103 so that it generates a flow complementary to the flow of the flat permanent magnet 113.
- the pallet 4 is not retained so that the valve does not remain locked in the open position.
- the actuator will be dimensioned so that this complement of flux remains small relative to the flow of the flat permanent magnet 113, and is of the same order of magnitude as the adverse flow that the coil 3 must generate to counter the flux V 13 permanent magnets when the pallet 4 must take off from the upper electromagnet 1.
- the dynamic behavior of the actuator is unbalanced, this imbalance remains within limits allowing easy adjustment of 1 actuator.
- the end face 15 of the wedge 14 extends with a recess h with respect to the end faces 16 of the side branches 11.
- the pallet 4 when the pallet 4 abuts against the core 2, it only abuts on the end faces 16 of the lateral branches 11, and not on the central branch.
- the permanent magnets are very sensitive to shocks. Withdrawal h allows subtract the permanent magnets in V 13 to the shocks of the pallet 2 against the core 4, which increases the life of one actuator.
- the kernel fabrication weakers would give rise to residual air gaps between the pallet and the branches of the actuator causing magnetic hysteresis which would disturb the repeatability of the pallet take-off.
- the shrinkage makes it possible to reduce or eliminate this hysteresis.
- a shrinkage h preferably of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter is preferably chosen, and therefore much larger than the air gaps which are of the order of a few tens of micrometers, so that shrinkage h forms between the pallet and the central branch a large gap whose influence is preponderant on that of residual air gaps when the pallet is close to the core, which allows to reduce or eliminate the effects of magnetic hysteresis caused by residual air gaps.
- a shrinkage h greater than 0.1 millimeters will preferably be chosen, while remaining less than 0.35 millimeters, so as not to penalize the performance of one actuator.
- the end face 115 of the central branch of the core 102 extends with a recess h with respect to the end faces 116 of the side branches 111.
- the end face 115 of the central branch of the lower core is constituted by one of the faces of the permanent magnet 113 which is disposed at the end of the central branch.
- the disposition of the permanent magnet 113 at the branch end is particularly advantageous since the end fluxes 150 generated by the magnet permanent 113 can thus loop at least partially in the pallet 4 when it is close to the lower electromagnet 101, as is immediately seen in Figure 2.
- Figure 3 a mounting in which the permanent magnet 113 'is located somewhere in the middle of the central branch. It can be seen that the end flows 150 'can not buckle in the pallet 4, even if it is close to the lower electromagnet 101.
- the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 113 when the pallet is in abutment against the core 102 of the lower electromagnet 101 is slightly larger than the force generated by the magnet 113 'in the same conditions.
- the permanent magnet 113 is thus slightly more efficient.
- the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 113 when the pallet 4 moves away from the core 102 of the lower electromagnet 101 decreases less rapidly than the force generated by the magnet 113 'under the same conditions, which allows to better retain the pallet 4 when leaving the lower electromagnet 102 and further contributes to making the behavior of the actuator less unbalanced.
- the surface 115 of the permanent magnet 113 facing the pallet 4 it will be advantageous to maximize the surface 115 of the permanent magnet 113 facing the pallet 4, to avoid any concentration of flux that would induce too much retaining force.
- this surface should not be reduced because, for example, of the installation of a flange for holding the permanent magnet 113 on one core 102.
- the permanent magnet 113 can then be directly bonded 113 on the end of the central branch, leaving the end surface 115 completely free.
- flanges 120 which fit into grooves 121 of the edges of the permanent magnet, which also leaves the end surface 115 completely free.
- actuators whose permanent magnets form a V whose tip is turned towards the base of the core
- the support portions of the magnets secured to the base comprise inclined faces that are no longer facing, but which are turned towards the lateral branches, while the end portion of the central branch will no longer have a wedge shape, but a form of hat.
- the arrangement of the actuator with a V-magnet upper permanent magnet and a flat-magnet lower electromagnet is not limiting, and the invention covers any arrangement in which the magnet (s) The permanent ones of one of the electromagnets are adapted to exert on the pallet a sufficient force to hold the pallet against the core associated with the springs, while the permanent magnet or magnets of the other electromagnets are adapted to exert on the pallet insufficient force to hold the pallet against the core associated with the springs.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0512235A FR2894377B1 (fr) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Actionneur electromagnetique avec deux electroaimants comportant des aimants de forces differentes, et procede de gestion d'une soupape de moteur a combustion interne faisant application. |
| PCT/FR2006/002622 WO2007063222A1 (fr) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-30 | Actionneur electromagnetique avec deux electroaimants comportant des aimants de forces differentes, et procede de gestion d'une soupape de moteur a combustion interne faisant application. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1955338A1 true EP1955338A1 (fr) | 2008-08-13 |
| EP1955338B1 EP1955338B1 (fr) | 2015-07-01 |
Family
ID=36686112
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06841832.6A Not-in-force EP1955338B1 (fr) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-30 | Actionneur electromagnetique avec deux electroaimants comportant des aimants de forces differentes, et procede de gestion d'une soupape de moteur a combustion interne faisant application. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7946261B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1955338B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5208760B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR101291416B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2894377B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007063222A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2896080B1 (fr) * | 2006-01-12 | 2008-04-04 | Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas | Actionneur electromagnetique a aimants permanents disposes en v selon un agencement electromagnetiquement optimise |
| ES2369372T3 (es) * | 2006-04-05 | 2011-11-30 | Abb Technology Ag | Actuador electromagnético , en particular para un interruptor de media tensión. |
| US8451080B2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2013-05-28 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Magnetic field focusing for actuator applications |
| US8736128B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2014-05-27 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Three dimensional magnetic field manipulation in electromagnetic devices |
| AT510941B1 (de) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-07-15 | Seh Ltd | Magnetvorrichtung |
| FR2989511B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-16 | 2014-04-04 | Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas | Actionneur electromagnetique a aimant permanent. |
| US8570128B1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2013-10-29 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Magnetic field manipulation devices and actuators incorporating the same |
| US9231309B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2016-01-05 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial magnetic field guide |
| AT513617B1 (de) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-15 | Seh Ltd | Magnetvorrichtung umfassend eine auf den Translator wirkende Beschleunigungseinheit |
| US8807463B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-08-19 | Mcalister Technologies, Llc | Fuel injector with kinetic energy transfer armature |
| EP2874169B1 (fr) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-09-14 | ABB Schweiz AG | Actionneur pour appareillage de commutation moyenne tension |
| AT515114B1 (de) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-06-15 | Seh Ltd | Magnetvorrichtung umfassend Statoren und Translatoren |
| JP2017108612A (ja) | 2015-11-09 | 2017-06-15 | フスコ オートモーティブ ホールディングス エル・エル・シーHUSCO Automotive Holdings LLC | 電磁アクチュエータ用のシステムおよび方法 |
| JP2017169433A (ja) | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | フスコ オートモーティブ ホールディングス エル・エル・シーHUSCO Automotive Holdings LLC | 電磁アクチュエータのためのシステムおよび方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10003928A1 (de) * | 1999-11-25 | 2001-06-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Elektromagnetischer Aktuator |
| JP2004019502A (ja) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | Hitachi Unisia Automotive Ltd | 機関弁の電磁駆動装置 |
| FR2851291B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-18 | 2006-12-08 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Actionneur electromecanique de commande de soupape pour moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne muni d'un tel actionneur |
| US6763789B1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-07-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electromagnetic actuator with permanent magnet |
| FR2865238B1 (fr) * | 2004-01-15 | 2006-06-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Actionneur electromecanique de commande de soupape pour moteur a combustion interne et moteur a combustion interne muni d'un tel actionneur |
| FR2865764B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-03 | 2008-01-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Perfectionnements apportes a un actionneur electromecanique de soupape de moteur a combustion interne |
| US7249579B2 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2007-07-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Enhanced permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator for an electronic valve actuation system of an engine |
| US7124720B2 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2006-10-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator for an electronic valve actuation system of an engine |
| CN100476164C (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2009-04-08 | 福特环球技术公司 | 用于发动机电子气门驱动系统的改进型永磁铁电磁驱动器 |
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 FR FR0512235A patent/FR2894377B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-11-30 EP EP06841832.6A patent/EP1955338B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-11-30 KR KR1020087003357A patent/KR101291416B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-30 WO PCT/FR2006/002622 patent/WO2007063222A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2006-11-30 US US12/091,766 patent/US7946261B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-30 JP JP2008542797A patent/JP5208760B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007063222A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007063222A1 (fr) | 2007-06-07 |
| US20080276889A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| KR101291416B1 (ko) | 2013-08-07 |
| EP1955338B1 (fr) | 2015-07-01 |
| JP2009517995A (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
| FR2894377A1 (fr) | 2007-06-08 |
| JP5208760B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
| FR2894377B1 (fr) | 2008-05-16 |
| US7946261B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
| KR20080073696A (ko) | 2008-08-11 |
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