Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/43—Solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
  • C11D3/2034—Monohydric alcohols aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/24—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D7/266—Esters or carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/50—Solvents
  • C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
  • C11D7/5022—Organic solvents containing oxygen

Definitions

• This invention relates to a liquid solvent composition that is biodegradable and generally benign to human health. It is highly effective as a solvent for conducting a wide array of tasks.
• the solvent compositions of this invention can be utilized in paint removal, de-inking, degreasing, dry cleaning, and as a general surface cleaning agent that provides for a non-toxic, cost effective alternative to commonly used toxic solvents.
• This liquid solvent composition contains isoamyl lactate, optionally an ester of a fatty acid derived from an edible oil, optionally a biodegradable organic solvent, optionally a surfactant, optionally a thickener, optionally a fragrance, and optionally a colorant,
• a solvent is a substance that is generally capable of dissolving another substance, or solute, to form a uniformly dispersed mixture (solution) at the molecular or ionic level.
• Solvents are either polar (high dielectric constant) or non-polar (low dielectric constant). Water, the most common solvent, is strongly polar having a dielectric constant of 81.
• Hydrocarbon solvents are non-polar and are comprised of two groups, aliphatics, such as aikanes and alcohols, and aromatics, which generally have a higher solvency power than aliphatics. Other organic solvent groups are esters, ethers, ketones, amines, nitrated hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. Organic solvents are commonly used in the dissolution of coatings
• organic solvents are also commonly used in making printing inks. Because many solvents are flammable and toxic to humans and animals, there is a need to develop safer solvents for commercial use without sacrificing performance characteristics. It is desirable for such solvents to be free of halogens and to be biodegradable.
• Solvents are also used to clean, maintain, and prepare wood, metai, masonry, natural and synthetic fabrics, plastic components, and electronic components. Most of the solvents currently being used in these applications pose some degree of threat to human and animal health and to the environment. In fact, some solvent systems currently being used are toxic and potentially carcinogenic.
• An environmentally friendly solvent must meet several criteria to gain wide spread acceptance as an alternative to conventional solvent systems. It should provide effective performance. The environmentally friendly solvent should also be economically viable and affordable. Finally, it should be widely available and non-toxic to humans, plants and animals.
• United States Patent 5,372,742 discloses a non-aqueous cleaning composition that can be used as a finger nail polish remover which contains d-limonene, ethyl lactate, cetyl acetate, and optionaliy, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
• United States Patent 6,096,699 discloses an environmentally friendly solvent that is reported to be useful as a paint stripping composition which contains (a) about 10 to about 15 weight percent of a Ci-C 4 ester of a C 16 -C 20 fatty add having a melting point of -1 CTC or less; (b) about 70 to about 75 weight percent of a C 1 -C 4 ester of lactic acid; (c) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a surfactant; and (d) about 4 to about 7 weight percent of a thickener, said composition being a homogeneous liquid or gel at O 0 C and having a flash point in excess of 93 0 C.
• United States Patent 6,797,684 discloses a biosumble that is reported to have improved cleaning and solvating properties that contains 20 weight percent to 80 weight percent of a CrC 4 ester of lactic acid and about 20 weight percent to about 80 weight percent of d-limonene.
• United States Patent 6,890,893 discloses a biosender that contains a C 1 -C 4 lactate ester and an odor-reducing amount of a tertiary amine having a boiling point at one atmosphere of about 8O 0 C to about 160 0 C, said composition (a) being substantially free of odor due to said tertiary amine as compared to the same composition without the tertiary amine, (b) exhibiting a reduced amount of odor due to said lactate ester, and (c) being a homogeneous liquid at O 0 C.
• the present invention contemplates an environmentally friendiy solvent.
• This solvent is biodegradable in normal sewerage treatment plants, and has a low volatile content so that it can be used indoors with minimal ventilation.
• the subject invention more specifically discloses a solvent composition comprising: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 99.9 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (B) about 0.1 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C 1 -C 5 ester of a C 16 -C 2 ⁇ fatty acid; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent.
• This solvent composition is typically a homogeneous liquid or gel at O 0 C and has a closed cup flash point in excess of 60 0 C.
• the present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of a fragrance.
• the fragrance will typically be a pine scent, a mint scent, a citrus scent (such as lemon or lime), or some other pleasant smelling material.
• the subject invention further discloses a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant.
• the present invention also reveals a solvent composition comprising (a) isoamyl lactate and (b) from about 0.5 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent.
• the present invention further discloses a solvent composition
• a solvent composition comprising: (a) about 10 to about 75 weight percent of a C 1 -C 5 ester of lactic acid; (b) about 10 to about 60 weight percent of a C 5 ester of a C 16 -C 22 fatty acid; (c) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (d) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (e) 0 weight percent to about 50 weight percent organic solvent.
• the solvent composition comprises: (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a C r C 5 ester of a Ci 6 - C 22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent organic solvent.
• the weight percent of the isoamyl lactate is conveniently equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, plus or minus about 10 weight percent.
• the composition comprises: (A) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of a CrC 5 ester of a Ci 6 - C22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 5) weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 1 0) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 (preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
• the particularly preferred Ci -Cg ester of a C 16 -C 22 fatty acid is an ester of a mixture of oleic and linoleic acids.
• the methyl ester is a representative example of a preferred ester, and the fatty acid mixture is preferably that of soybean oil with methyl soyate being particularly preferred.
• the present invention has several benefits and advantages.
• One benefit of the invention is that a contemplated composition is much safer than a halogenated organic solvent.
• a related advantage is that a contemplated composition can be used in occupied areas.
• a benefit of a composition according to the present invention is that it has a closed cup flash point greater than about 6O 0 C.
• An additional advantage of the present invention is that the cleaning solvent can be formulated to be partially miscible with water, and thus can be removed with water rinsing, including high pressure water. This rinsing factor can offer some industrial advantages that do not exist with traditional cleaning solvents.
• Yet another benefit of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that it is biodegradable, non-toxic, and is derived from corn, soybeans, palm, and/or other vegetable oils which are, of course, renewable.
• the present invention contemplates an alternative solvent for a multitude of tasks that are commonly practiced today.
• isoarnyl lactate based solvents wholly or in combination with other solvents, thixotropic agents, surfactants, pH adjusters and fragrance can be prepared
• C 1 -C 5 esters of fatty acids derived from edible oils can be used in conjunction with isoamyl lactate in certain solvent and cleaning applications.
• Isoamyl lactate is normally made by reacting isoamyl alcohol with ethyl lactate at a 1 :1 molar ratio. This reaction is typically conducted in the presence of a strong acid or base to facilitate a transesterification reaction.
• isarnyl alcohol can be reacted with iactic acid in the presence of acid to facilitate a direct esterification reaction.
• the reaction can be catalyzed with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or trifluoroacetic actd.
• hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid
• trifluoroacetic actd it has been found that a small amount of a fragrance can be blended into isoamyl lactate to provide it with the pleasant scent needed in household cleaning applications as a stain or spot remover.
• a fragrance is not required, but it is desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in the solvent composition to enhance performance characteristics. In some household applications it is also desirable to include an emulsifier and/or an organic solvent in addition to the fragrance to attain the desired performance characteristics.
• isoamyl lactate has a flash point in excess of 60 0 C it is not always necessary to add a C 1 -C 5 ester of a Ci 6 -C 22 fatty acid to the solvent compositions of this invention to attain a minimum flash point.
• a C t - C 5 ester of a C 1 6-C 22 fatty acid can be added to further increase the flash point of the solvent system and/or to attain better performance characteristics.
• Such a contemplated solvent composition broadly comprises a solvent blend of about 10 to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate and about 20 to about 75 weight percent CrC 5 ester of a C 16 -C 22 fatty acid, the latter fatty acid esters typically being a mixture of esters iinoleic and oleic acid.
• This blended solvent can provide beneficial properties not achieved separately or in combination with other solvent blends.
• Another contemplated solvent blend composition comprises (A) about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent CrC 5 ester of a Ci 6 -C 22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 75 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant; (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 50 (preferably 0 to about 35 and more preferably 0 to about 20) weight percent of an organic solvent.
• the composition can be a homogeneous liquid or gel at 0 0 C and has a closed cup flash point in excess of 6O 0 C, and preferably in excess of 7O 0 C.
• One preferred composition comprises (A) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of a CrCs ester of a C 16 ⁇ C 22 fatty acid; (B) about 30 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 20 (preferably 0 to about 10) weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of an organic solvent.
• the weight percent of the isomayl lactate can be equal to the weight percent of the fatty acid ester, for instance plus or minus about 10 percent.
• Another preferred composition comprises (A) about 20 to about 40 weight percent of a C 1 -C 5 ester of a C 1 6-C 22 fatty acid; (B) about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent of isoamyl lactate; (C) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a surfactant; and (D) 0 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of a thickener; and (E) 0 weight percent to about 35 weight percent of an organic solvent.
• compositions are homogeneous liquids or gels at O 0 C and have a closed cup flash point in excess of 6O 0 C (139 0 F.) [ASTM D93-90], preferably in excess of 70 0 C.
• a contemplated CrC 5 ester of a C16-C22 fatty acid is an ester of a fatty acid derived (hydroiyzed) from a so-called "edible" vegetable oil.
• Vegetable oils are comprised of fatty acid triglyceride esters. Hydrolysis of the vegetable oil esters frees the fatty acids, from which the C 1 -C 5 esters are made.
• Preferred edible vegetable oils include, without limitation, corn, mustard, palm, niger-seed, olive, peanut, poppy-seed, safflower, rape-seed, sesame, soybean, sunflower-seed, coconut, wheat-germ oil, and mixtures thereof.
• isoamyl alcohol derived from fusel oil also contain 2-methyl-1-butanol.
• This mixture is sometimes referred to as "single peak isoamyl alcohol" because the isoamyl alcohol (3-methyl-1 ⁇ butanol) and the 2-methyl-1 -butanol have boiling points that only differ by 4°C. More specifically, isoamyl alcohol has a boiling point of 132°C and 2-methyl-1- butanol has a boiling point of 128 0 C. In such mixtures the ratio of isoamyl alcohol to 2-methyl-1 -butanol is normally about 4:1.
• Such mixtures of isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1 -butanol can be used as the alcohol source for the isoamyl lactate that is employed in the practice of this invention. Accordingly, the isoamyl lactate utilized in the practice of this invention can also contain 2- methyl-1 -butyl lactate. Such compositions will normally contain about 80 weight percent isoamyl lactate and about 20 weight percent 2-methyl-1 -butyl lactate.
• the C 1 6-C 22 fatty acid is typically comprised of a mixture whose fatty acids are constituted by about 50 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, erucic and linolenic acids.
• Fatty acid esters derived from edible vegetable oils containing a mixture of about 50 to about 90 weight percent oleic and linoleic acids are more preferred. In many cases it is preferred for the C 1S -C 22 fatty acid mixture to contain from about 70 to about 90 percent unsaturated fatty acids. However, in some applications (for instance, where discoloration and/or odor generation are problematic) it can be desirable for the mixture to contain less than 50 percent unsaturated fatty acids and to contain up to about 80 weight percent saturated fatty acids. Soybean oil, which is comprised principally of oleic and linoleic acids is the source of the preferred C 1B -C 22 fatty acid. A methyl (C 1 ) ester is the preferred C1-C5 group.
• a particularly preferred contemplated C 1 -C 5 ester of a C 16 -C 22 fatty acid is methyl soyate.
• the C 1 -C 5 group is an isoamyl group (C 5 ).
• a CrC 4 ester of lactic acid is used in the solvent composition in conjunction with the isoamyl lactate.
• the C1-C 4 ester of lactic acid will preferably be ethyl lactate.
• Ci-C 4 alcohols that can comprise the Ci-C 4 ester portion of a lactate ester or of a C16-C22 fatty acid ester include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ailyl alcohol, butanol, 3 ⁇ buten-1 -ol, t-butanol, iso-butanol, and sec-butanol.
• the CrC 4 ester of a Ci 6 -C 20 fatty acid is present at about 10 to about 60 weight percent and the isoamyl lactate is present at about 20 to about 75 weight percent.
• each of these two ingredients is present at about 30 to about 60 weight percent.
• a contemplated composition can also contain up to about 50 weight percent of an organic solvent.
• a contemplated solvent is biodegradable and can be illustrated by a solvent including but not limited to mixed methyl esters of C 4 -C 6 dibasic acids, N-methylpyrroiidone (NMP), d-limonene, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and di-C 2 -C 3 alkylene glycol mono and di- CrC 6 alkyl ethers such as dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (DPNB), dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol t-butyl methyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether.
• NMP N-methylpyrroiidone
• THFA tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
• DPNB dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether
• DPNB dipropylene glycol methyl ether
• the organic solvent is a C r C 5 ester of a C 3 -C 10 dicarboxyiic acid, as discussed below.
• organic solvents include phenol, cresols, catechol, resorcinol, salicylic acid, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, formic acid, acetic acid, proprionic acid, lactic acid, monoglycerides of C 10 -C 22 fatty acids, and alkyl esters including, but not limited to, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl benzoate, propyl acetate, propyl proprionate, propyl butyrate, propyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl proprionate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, and esters of fusel oil, including a
• mixed methyl esters of C3-C 1 0 dibasic acids include C 4 -C 6 dibasic acid esters that are commercially available from DuPont Nylon Intermediates and Specialties, Wilmington, DE under the designation DBE. Seven DBE fractions are available that differ in the amounts of each of three diesters (dimethyl adipate [C ⁇ ] dimethyl glutarate [C 5 ] and dimethyl succinate [C 4 ]) present. Each of the products is useful, with the materia! sold as DBE-3 being preferred. That material is said by its manufacturer to contain 89 weight percent dimethyl adipate, 10 weight percent dimethyl glutarate and 0.2 weight percent dimethyl succinate.
• a contemplated composition can also contain up to about 20 weight percent of a surfactant. Lesser amounts of surfactant than the full 20 weight percent are typically present when a surfactant is utilized, as is illustrated by the above-enumerated preferred embodiments and the examples that follow.
• Surfactants that can be used in the solvent systems of this invention are named herein following the nomenclature system of the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 5 th ed., J. A. Wenninger et al. eds., The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Washington, D. C. (1993), usually followed by a chemical name and a trademark name of a particular product.
• Exemplary surfactants are isotridecyl alcohol tri-ethoxylate (Surfonic® TDA-3B, Huntsman Corp.), C 9 -Cn pareth-6 [poiyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic Cg-Ci i fatty alcohols having an average of 6 moies of ethoxylate; Neodo® 91.6], Cn-Ci 5 pareth-59 [polyethylene glycol ether of mixed synthetic C H -C I5 fatty alcohols having an average of 59 moles of ethoxylate; Tergitol® 15-S-59], nonoxynol-6 [polyethylene glycol (6) nonylphenyi ether; Tergitol® NP-6], nonoxynol-9 [polyethylene glycol (9) nonyiphenyl ether; Tergitol® NP-9], and a modified alkanolamide alkanolamine [Monamine® 1255].
• Surfonic® TDA-3B Huntsman Corp.
• Surfactants containing aromatic groups, such as nonyiphenyl groups, are less preferred because they are not as biodegradable as the others.
• Preferred surfactants are branched and linear alcohol ethoxylates. Most preferred surfactants are alcohol ethoxylates.
• the addition of a surfactant to a composition comprising a C 1 -C 5 ester of a Ci 6 ⁇ C 2 2 fatty acid is preferred.
• the addition of a surfactant typically makes the cleaner more effective.
• a contemplated solvent composition can also include a thickener that provides a "gel-like" consistency to the composition to minimize drip and running of the composition when applied to surfaces that are not horizontal, such as walls. Such a thickened consistency can also be useful in an application to a horizontal surface. It is unknown whether a contemplated thickened composition is technically a gel, but that term is used herein to mean a non-so ⁇ id composition at room temperature that is spreadable, but non-pourable or essentially ⁇ on-pourable at room temperature.
• Preferred thickeners are polysaccharide derivatives having nonionic functionalities such as alkyl alcohol or ether groups.
• Exemplary thickeners include methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyi cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, corn starch, hydroxyethyl corn starch, and hydroxypropyi corn starch
• Exemplary preferred thickeners include Propylene Glycol Thickener Kiucel®-H and Baragel Methocel® 311.
• Contemplated compositions are partially miscible with water, unlike many petrochemical-based cleaning solvents. Water miscibility is advantageous, because it is easier to handle the cleaning solutions, dispose of them, dilute them and rinse them off of components.
• a biodegradable solution of the invention can be degraded in standard sewerage treatment plants, as opposed to special chemical waste handling procedures.
• a contemplated composition is substantially free of added water.
• water is typically not added to a composition, and a composition typically contains 5 weight percent water or less
• the weight percent of the compositions described herein refers to the weight percent of the organic phase, and does not include the mass of any added water.
• a contemplated composition is also substantially free of halogenated compounds so that only contaminating amounts of such materials are present.
• haiogenated compounds can be included in the solvent composition.
• such a paint remover composition can contain isoamyl lactate, phenol, methylene chloride, and formic acid, lactic acid or salicylic acid.
• the solvent composition is emulsified and mixed with up about 95 weight percent water.
• a concentrate of the solvent composition can be admixed with water and emulsified prior to use.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=38171308

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2007
  • 2007-01-02 AT AT07717696T patent/ATE486118T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-01-02 CA CA2627860A patent/CA2627860C/en active Active
  • 2007-01-02 EP EP07717696A patent/EP1969113B1/de active Active
  • 2007-01-02 DE DE602007010090T patent/DE602007010090D1/de active Active
  • 2007-01-02 WO PCT/US2007/060017 patent/WO2007079465A2/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events