EP1970921A2 - Alimentation en courant à supraconducteurs haute température pour aimants supraconducteurs dans un cryostat - Google Patents

Alimentation en courant à supraconducteurs haute température pour aimants supraconducteurs dans un cryostat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1970921A2
EP1970921A2 EP08004323A EP08004323A EP1970921A2 EP 1970921 A2 EP1970921 A2 EP 1970921A2 EP 08004323 A EP08004323 A EP 08004323A EP 08004323 A EP08004323 A EP 08004323A EP 1970921 A2 EP1970921 A2 EP 1970921A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arrangement according
cryostat
contact element
power supply
helium
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08004323A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1970921A3 (fr
EP1970921B1 (fr
Inventor
Concetta Beneduce
Andreas Kraus
Michael Bauernschmitt
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Bruker Biospin SAS
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Bruker Biospin SAS
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Publication of EP1970921A3 publication Critical patent/EP1970921A3/fr
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Publication of EP1970921B1 publication Critical patent/EP1970921B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H01F6/065—Feed-through bushings, terminals and joints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling

Definitions

  • HTSC high-temperature superconductor
  • Cryostat arrangements of the aforementioned type are used, for example, for measurements with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or electron spin resonance (EPR) or laboratory magnets.
  • NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
  • EPR electron spin resonance
  • the contained superconducting magnet arrangements are used to generate strong magnetic fields, whereby stable, low temperatures must prevail in order to achieve the superconducting state, as can be ensured in such a cryostat arrangement.
  • the superconducting magnet assembly (magnet coil system) is disposed in a cryogenic liquid cryogenic container, usually liquid helium, which is surrounded by radiation shields, superinsulation sheets, and another cryogenic container with cryogenic liquid, usually liquid nitrogen.
  • the superconducting magnet is cooled by the vaporizing surrounding helium and kept at a constant temperature.
  • the elements surrounding the helium container serve to heat-insulate the helium container so that the heat input to the helium container is minimized and the evaporation rate of the helium remains small.
  • the helium container is usually connected to at least two thin-walled hanger ears with the outer vacuum envelope.
  • the container is thus mechanically fixed, on the other hand, the suspension tubes provide access to the magnet, as z. B. when loading is necessary.
  • that will Leakage gas is discharged through the suspension tubes, whereby the suspension tubes are cooled again and ideally the heat input through the tube wall is completely compensated.
  • Such a system is used for example in DE 29 06 060 A1 and in the publication 'Superconducting NMR Magnet Design' ( Concepts in Magnetic Resonance, 1993, 6, 255-273 ).
  • the charging of the superconducting magnet is usually carried out via a power supply, which is installed stationary or introduced via a plug connection in one of the suspension tubes.
  • the power supply is the connection between the magnet at cryogenic temperature and the power supply at room temperature.
  • Such leads is copper or brass leads whose cross-section is optimized for the given length and magnet current and which are cooled by the effluent helium gas.
  • Such a supply line reaches a minimum heat input of the order of magnitude of 1 mW / A of the design current without current flow.
  • the heat input also increases due to the Joule heat generated in the conductor.
  • One way of substantially reducing the heat input to the helium vessel is to use a two-part power supply, the lower part being formed by the temperature of the helium bath (about 4K) to a temperature between 20K and 90K by a HTSC and the upper part to room temperature through an exhaust-cooled copper conductor.
  • the use of HTSC makes it possible to carry high electrical currents at, compared to copper / brass, lower thermal conductivities and cross-sectional areas. Since the current in the superconductor can flow without loss, the heat input to the helium bath is practically independent of the current and only determined by the heat conduction in the superconductor. The The ability to transport high electrical currents lossless, combined with a low thermal conductivity, causes a reduction in He losses and thus the operating costs.
  • HTSC and copper conductors are connected to a transition piece by soldering.
  • the transition from the HTSC to the normal conductor is therefore additionally cooled in order to keep the temperature below the critical temperature of the HTSC.
  • This can be done by a heat exchanger through which helium gas or liquid nitrogen is pumped.
  • a heat exchanger through which helium gas or liquid nitrogen is pumped.
  • Another possibility is to actively cool the transition by coupling to a cold stage of a cryocooler.
  • Such an arrangement is for example in EP 870,307 or in US 4,895,831 or in US 5,991,647 described.
  • the arrangements described have the disadvantage that the cooling must be carried out by additional components or cooling units, which are not required for the normal operation of the cryostat or even interfere with normal operation.
  • additional components or cooling units the structure of the arrangements is complicated and expensive.
  • Object of the present invention is to ensure a simple and inexpensive way efficient cooling of the transition from HTSL to the normal conductor in the power supply.
  • cryostat arrangement of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that a terminal pole of the at least one power line through which the normally conductive line part is electrically connected to the superconducting line part is thermally coupled to a wall of the nitrogen tank.
  • the cooling of the at least one terminal pole in which the normal conductor part and the HTSC part of the current line are connected takes place by means of a thermal coupling to the nitrogen container present in the cryostat.
  • This container is independent of the power supply part of the cryostat arrangement.
  • the transition from the metallic conductor to the HTSC conductor is coupled with a preferably detachable and highly thermally conductive compound to the nitrogen container, and the compound simultaneously ensures a galvanic separation.
  • the temperature of the nitrogen tank of about 77 K allows the transition from the normal conductor to the HTSC conductor in the temperature range between 81 and 90 K to operate.
  • the advantage of the arrangement is also that a simple suspension tube of the helium container can be used with few modifications for receiving the power supply.
  • the thermal coupling is typically produced by a solid state connection of the connection pole to the nitrogen tank, in particular via contact elements, contacting elements and the same made of highly thermally conductive material, preferably copper, aluminum and / or aluminum nitride.
  • a material can generally be regarded as having good thermal conductivity if the thermal conductivity is at least 20 W / (K * m), preferably at least 100 W / (K * m), measured in each case at room temperature.
  • a variant of the cryostat arrangement according to the invention provides that a good heat-conducting element, such as a réelleleitblech made of aluminum, in the N 2 container is mounted. If this element connects the lid and bottom of the container, the temperature gradient from the bottom to the lid remains small even at a low LN 2 level.
  • This thermal short circuit thus makes it possible to keep the temperature of the junction between the normal conductor and the HTSC conductor at a lower level, independently of the LN 2 level, even if the contact element is thermally coupled to the cover of the nitrogen tank (ie the connection of the terminal pole to the Cover of the nitrogen tank is set up). In the context of the invention, however, it is sufficient if the heat conducting plate dips into the liquid nitrogen.
  • the HTSC line part preferably consists of strip conductors. At the temperature of the transition from the normal conductor to the HTSC conductor, the critical current I c of a single HTSC band conductor is very low. The number of bands is chosen according to the magnetic current and the current carrying capacity of the band at the maximum operating temperature so that the current flows lossless.
  • a multifilament ribbon conductor with Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x is used with a critical temperature T c of 110 K.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides for integrating a plurality of individual and galvanically isolated supply lines (current lines) for different current loads (such as coil sections of the magnet arrangement) in a single power supply in order to charge different superconducting coils of the magnet arrangement separately.
  • current lines current lines
  • the warm end of the HTS part and the cold end of the metallic part of a lead to a terminal pole made of a highly conductive metal such. Pure copper, soldered.
  • the terminal poles of the different leads are electrically isolated from each other and against the cryostat assembly and connected to a metallic contact piece (inner contact element) by an electrically insulating and good heat conducting material.
  • This material is preferably made of aluminum nitride.
  • the aluminum nitride is coated with a solderable metal film and connected by soldering to the terminal pole and the contact piece.
  • each terminal pole has an electrically insulating and highly thermally conductive coating.
  • This coating preferably consists of a diamond-like carbon layer (DLC).
  • DLC diamond-like carbon layer
  • the pole of this variant is preferably made conical and pressed into a conical bore of the contact piece (inner contact element), whereby an electrically insulated and good heat-conducting connection is formed.
  • the contact piece (inner contact element) is made conical and pressed during assembly of the cryostat assembly in an outer copper part (outer contact element).
  • This compound ensures excellent heat transfer due to the high surface pressure, can be easily released and is very compact.
  • the contact piece (inner contact element) allows through openings the flow of vaporizing helium gas from the helium container and thus a helium gas cooling of the power supply over its entire length.
  • the outer copper part (outer contact element) is connected in vacuum via a good thermal conductivity metal with the nitrogen tank. With this arrangement according to the invention results in a thermal resistance of less than 0.5 K / W between the terminal poles and the nitrogen tank.
  • connection poles are not cooled via a coupling to the nitrogen tank, but with another cooling source, such as a cryocooler.
  • a cryocooler such as a cryocooler
  • the power supply according to the invention achieves a minimum heat input without current flow, which is 3 to 4 times smaller than the heat input of a metallic power supply.
  • the inventive arrangement allows the operation of the power supply line up to a current of about 150 A with respect to the currentless state comparable helium losses. Due to the good thermal contact with the nitrogen tank, only the nitrogen losses increase steadily with rising Current in the power supply line. The maximum current in the power supply is limited by the critical current of the HTSC conductor at the temperature setting and the magnetic field at the location of the terminal poles.
  • the cooling at the connecting poles can be increased.
  • the temperature of the transition metal - HTSL is monitored, for example with a temperature sensor.
  • the monitoring or a control can be implemented in the power supply unit. If the temperature exceeds an upper threshold, heating in the helium vessel is activated to produce additional low helium loss.
  • the additional helium loss leads to improved cooling of the power supply by passing, cold helium vapor. The heating is switched off as soon as the temperature falls below a lower threshold.
  • Fig.1 shows a Kryostatan extract with an inner and outer liquid tank and a superconducting magnet coil and two suspension tubes.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cryostat 1 with a magnet assembly 6.
  • the cryostat 1 comprises a filled with helium liquid tank (helium tank) 2, which is connected to suspension tubes 4 with an outer jacket 9 of the cryostat 1 and in which a superconducting magnet assembly 6 is housed.
  • the suspension tubes 4 are simultaneously access tubes 4 for power supply assemblies (see Fig. 2 ) to the magnet assembly 6.
  • a further liquid tank (nitrogen tank) 3 is arranged, which contains nitrogen at about 77 K and is connected to suspension tubes 5 with the outer jacket 9 of the cryostat 1.
  • the liquid tank 3 with nitrogen is thermal with the hanger ears (Access pipes) 4 contacted.
  • a radiation shield 7 is arranged, which in turn is thermally contacted with the suspension tubes 4.
  • a heating resistor (heater) 11 is mounted in the liquid tank 2.
  • the liquid tank (nitrogen tank) 3 contains a heat conducting element 10, which is welded to the lid of the nitrogen tank.
  • Fig.2 shows a representation of the power supply tower with inserted power supply.
  • a power supply is used according to the invention.
  • the power supply comprises a metallic part 13 with a plurality of (shown here two) electrically isolated lines (from room temperature to Anschlußpol 12) and a HTSC part 14 (from Anschlußpol 12 to the liquid tank 2) with galvanically separated strip conductors or strip conductor stacks.
  • the connection of the metallic part 13 to the HTSC part 14 is made by connecting poles 12, which are soldered to the two conductors 13, 14.
  • the connection poles 12 are arranged within an inner contact cone (inner contact element) 16.
  • the inner contact cone 16 is positively within an outer contact cone (outer contact element) 15, which in turn with a good heat conducting element 8, such as (here) a contacting tube or highly conductive strands of pure copper, screwed or flanged.
  • a good heat conducting element 8 such as (here) a contacting tube or highly conductive strands of pure copper, screwed or flanged.
  • the contacting element 8 is connected to the cold surface 17 of the liquid tank (nitrogen tank) 3.
  • Figure 3 shows a preferred arrangement of the inner 16 and outer 15 contact cone.
  • the inner cone 16 When mounting the power supply, the inner cone 16 is pressed with high surface pressure against the outer cone 15.
  • the cone angle is between 1 and 5 °.
  • Fig. 4 shows an illustration of a contact arrangement according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a preferred arrangement of (shown here) six separate terminal poles 12 within the inner contact cone (inner contact element) 16. Between terminal poles 12 and cone 16, thin aluminum nitride (contact) plates 18 are soldered. The aluminum nitride ensures galvanic separation with high thermal conductivity. The metallic conductors are soldered into corresponding holes of the connection poles 12.
  • the connection poles 12 are each connected to the inner contact element 16 with two adjacent side surfaces in a corner of the opening 19 via contact elements 18 made of AIN.
  • This embodiment allows the compact arrangement of different and galvanically isolated lines within a standard suspension tube with an inner diameter of (here), for example, 29 mm.
  • the open arrangement of the connection poles leaves a sufficient opening (opening) 19 for the passage of the evaporating from the liquid tank 2 helium. This allows helium gas cooling over the entire length of the power supply.
  • the invention describes a power supply arrangement within a cryostat arrangement, with which electrical current can be conducted from room temperature into a superconducting magnet arrangement.
  • the power supply consists of a metallic part and a part with HTSL, which are mounted inside a suspension tube.
  • the arrangement provides that the galvanically isolated terminal poles between the metallic part and the HTSL bands of the power supply via a removable conical positive connection via an inner and outer contact cone are connected to the nitrogen tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
EP08004323.5A 2007-03-16 2008-03-08 Alimentation en courant à supraconducteurs haute température pour aimants supraconducteurs dans un cryostat Ceased EP1970921B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007013350A DE102007013350B4 (de) 2007-03-16 2007-03-16 Stromzuführung mit Hochtemperatursupraleitern für supraleitende Magnete in einem Kryostaten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1970921A2 true EP1970921A2 (fr) 2008-09-17
EP1970921A3 EP1970921A3 (fr) 2014-01-01
EP1970921B1 EP1970921B1 (fr) 2017-03-01

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EP08004323.5A Ceased EP1970921B1 (fr) 2007-03-16 2008-03-08 Alimentation en courant à supraconducteurs haute température pour aimants supraconducteurs dans un cryostat

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Country Link
US (1) US20080227647A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1970921B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007013350B4 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103456455A (zh) * 2013-09-28 2013-12-18 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 一种超导磁体电流引线
CN111724966A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-29 西门子医疗有限公司 超导体电流引线

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015202638A1 (de) 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stromzuführung für eine supraleitende Spuleneinrichtung
KR101605072B1 (ko) 2014-10-16 2016-03-21 한국전기연구원 양극산화된 단자를 가지는 고온초전도 전류 리드 및 전류 리드를 포함하는 초전도 자석
CN104637645B (zh) * 2015-03-05 2017-09-08 奥泰医疗系统有限责任公司 超导磁体用固定式电流引线结构
RU2601218C1 (ru) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт ядерной физики им. Г.И. Будкера Сибирского отделения РАН (ИЯФ СО РАН) Способ криостатирования и запитки сверхпроводящей обмотки индукционного накопителя и устройство для его реализации
US9552906B1 (en) * 2015-09-01 2017-01-24 General Electric Company Current lead for cryogenic apparatus
DE102017217930A1 (de) 2017-10-09 2019-04-11 Bruker Biospin Ag Magnetanordnung mit Kryostat und Magnetspulensystem, mit Kältespeichern an den Stromzuführungen
DE102018213598A1 (de) 2018-08-13 2020-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supraleitende Stromzuführung
CN109360707B (zh) * 2018-12-04 2024-11-26 湖南迈太科医疗科技有限公司 插拔式电流引线结构及超导磁体
CN112712958B (zh) * 2020-12-23 2023-01-31 中国科学院电工研究所 一种液氮屏蔽混合液体介质冷却的高温超导磁体

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DE2906060A1 (de) 1978-02-21 1979-08-30 Varian Associates Kryostat
US4895831A (en) 1988-07-05 1990-01-23 General Electric Company Ceramic superconductor cryogenic current lead
US5166776A (en) 1990-10-20 1992-11-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Hybrid vapor cooled power lead for cryostat
US5563369A (en) 1990-06-22 1996-10-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Current lead
EP0870307A1 (fr) 1995-12-27 1998-10-14 American Superconductor Corporation Ensemble de supraconducteurs haute temperature
US5991647A (en) 1996-07-29 1999-11-23 American Superconductor Corporation Thermally shielded superconductor current lead
US20020002830A1 (en) 2000-07-08 2002-01-10 Bruker Analytik Gmbh Circulating cryostat

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DE2906060A1 (de) 1978-02-21 1979-08-30 Varian Associates Kryostat
US4895831A (en) 1988-07-05 1990-01-23 General Electric Company Ceramic superconductor cryogenic current lead
US5563369A (en) 1990-06-22 1996-10-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Current lead
US5166776A (en) 1990-10-20 1992-11-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Hybrid vapor cooled power lead for cryostat
EP0870307A1 (fr) 1995-12-27 1998-10-14 American Superconductor Corporation Ensemble de supraconducteurs haute temperature
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103456455A (zh) * 2013-09-28 2013-12-18 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 一种超导磁体电流引线
CN103456455B (zh) * 2013-09-28 2015-09-30 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 一种超导磁体电流引线
CN111724966A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-29 西门子医疗有限公司 超导体电流引线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1970921A3 (fr) 2014-01-01
DE102007013350B4 (de) 2013-01-31
EP1970921B1 (fr) 2017-03-01
US20080227647A1 (en) 2008-09-18
DE102007013350A1 (de) 2008-09-18

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