EP1992024A2 - Convertisseur de force - Google Patents

Convertisseur de force

Info

Publication number
EP1992024A2
EP1992024A2 EP07701879A EP07701879A EP1992024A2 EP 1992024 A2 EP1992024 A2 EP 1992024A2 EP 07701879 A EP07701879 A EP 07701879A EP 07701879 A EP07701879 A EP 07701879A EP 1992024 A2 EP1992024 A2 EP 1992024A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
movement
axis
rotation
oscillating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07701879A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bonny Witteveen
Elmar Mock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
nanoswys SA
Original Assignee
nanoswys SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by nanoswys SA filed Critical nanoswys SA
Publication of EP1992024A2 publication Critical patent/EP1992024A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/021—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors using intermittent driving, e.g. step motors, piezoleg motors
    • H02N2/025—Inertial sliding motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/021—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors using intermittent driving, e.g. step motors, piezoleg motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/10—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors
    • H02N2/101—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors using intermittent driving, e.g. step motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of drive technology. It relates to a force converter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US 5,231,887 shows a drive for a brake shoe.
  • a push rod is moved via an oscillating rod made of terfenol.
  • the rod and rod are connected together by a connecting ring, e.g. happens when the rod via a thread.
  • the connecting ring Upon forward movement of the rod, the rod is also pushed forward, but upon return movement of the rod the connecting ring is twisted by a spring and the rod does not move back due to its inertia.
  • the spring is held under tension by a motor.
  • the mass of the connecting ring should be as small as possible, so that it can be rotated fast enough during the backward movement. As a result, the achievable stroke of the device is limited, since this in turn is limited by the thickness of the connecting ring.
  • US 6,300,692 Bl shows a drive in which a drive unit is moved against a load along a threaded rod.
  • the drive unit has two
  • Threaded nuts which are flexibly rotated against each other via a spring.
  • One of the threaded nuts is driven by a motor.
  • the load acts on an oscillating body, which is alternately pressed against the two threaded nuts by the oscillation.
  • Each unloaded threaded nut is made by the motor respectively by the flexible connection turned further.
  • To generate the oscillation magnetostrictive, magnetorheological or piezoelectric elements are mentioned, but not further described.
  • the movement is limited by the length of the threaded rod.
  • the drive motor must be transported along along the threaded rod, while being held against a solid body in order to drive a threaded nut can. If the distance between the threaded nuts is too large or too small, the oscillating body can not move and the drive is blocked.
  • US 5,602,434 shows a drive with a magnetostrictive actuator, which allows an unlimited rotational movement.
  • two clutch discs are pressed intermittently against each other.
  • the two clutch discs have control surfaces which cause a rotation of the clutch discs when pressed against each other.
  • the driven clutch disc continues to rotate due to its inertia. So she does not turn back the next time you press against each other, it must perform a certain minimum rotation. This in turn depends on the load moment. Therefore, the controller must be adapted to the load, and is correspondingly expensive.
  • the force converter thus has an oscillating drive for generating an oscillating movement, an auxiliary drive for generating a force with respect - J -
  • a movement axis a load application point, over which a load is movable by the oscillating drive in a first movement phase of the oscillating drive, and a self-locking, which temporarily inhibits movement of the load, wherein in a second phase of movement of the oscillating drive, the auxiliary drive of the movement of the load follows.
  • the oscillating drive has active bending elements with at least two layers, wherein the bending elements shorten when bent in the longitudinal direction, and wherein the bending elements are each connected at a first end of its longitudinal direction with a first drive body and at a second end of its longitudinal direction with a second Drive body are connected, and so a driving force of the oscillating drive by bending and shortening of the bending elements on the two drive body is exercisable.
  • the longitudinal direction is thus the drive direction in which the two drive bodies are oscillated back and forth against each other.
  • the efficiency of the drive is higher, the faster the movement of the load can be followed.
  • the efficiency is in any case much better than if only a single drive drives the load through a conventional worm or worm gear.
  • the auxiliary drive can thus be much easier, cheaper and less expensive than in a conventional drive.
  • the mentioned force with respect to the axis of motion can be a force parallel to
  • the drive as a whole, as well as the auxiliary drive can be a linear or rotary Drive, in particular a stepper motor or a bidirectional piezoelectric drive.
  • the auxiliary drive can also be formed only by a spring.
  • the auxiliary drive determines the direction of rotation and the speed of the drive, the speed is limited by the oscillating drive.
  • the auxiliary motor allows a determination of its position, either by an angle sensor or by the fact that the auxiliary motor is a stepper motor.
  • the oscillating drive itself has a position determination, but this results in a smaller position resolution than the measurement on the reduced auxiliary motor.
  • the self-locking counteracts the load force respectively prevents movement by the action of the load and the resulting friction.
  • the self-locking thus prevents the load from slipping back into the initial state after the movement in the desired direction of movement (ie after a displacement or rotation).
  • the bending elements in each case at least one piezoelectric element, which causes piezoelectric element upon application of an electrical voltage, a bending and a shortening of the j e election bending element.
  • the bending elements preferably each have bimorph or multimorph piezoelectric elements, ie flat two-layered or multi-layered elements comprising a plurality of piezoelectric elements or piezoelectric elements and, for example, metal sheets.
  • the layers expand to different degrees, so that the element is bent as a whole.
  • the bending elements each have at least one planar resonator, on which a planar piezoelectric element is fastened parallel to the resonator in parallel.
  • plan in this context in the sense of "flat”, “flat” or “flat box” to understand.
  • the first and the second drive body are preferably connected by two or more bending elements and movable relative to each other.
  • individual bending elements are constructed asymmetrically in themselves, and the entire arrangement of all bending elements is constructed symmetrically.
  • the asymmetric construction of a flexure causes it to flex in a particular direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • the symmetrical structure of the entire arrangement in turn has the consequence that cancel the movements of the individual bending elements in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • a first bending element kinks to the left, and with respect to the overall arrangement symmetrically arranged second bending element kinks to the right.
  • the bending elements act the same. They are electrically powered by a control and moved synchronously.
  • the bending elements and the two drive bodies are integrally formed.
  • the bending elements form, for example, lamellae between the drive bodies, to which lamellae piezoelements are glued.
  • the lamellae are preferably electrically conductive and serve to make contact with one electrode of the piezoelements.
  • the auxiliary drive via a .
  • Contact surface pair a force on a first of the drive body exercisable, wherein in the first movement phase, the two contact surfaces lie on one another and pulls in the second movement phase of the oscillating drive a first of the two contact surfaces of a second of the two contact surfaces.
  • the force converter further comprises a resilient coupling element, which coupling element is arranged kinematically between the auxiliary drive and the second contact surface.
  • the coupling element acts as a coupling between one or both of the contact surface pairs: this coupling element pushes or pulls in the second movement phase, the second contact surface of the first contact surface after. This is preferably true for both a first pair of contact surfaces under load of the drive to pressure (nachstossen), as well as for a second pair of contact surfaces under load on train (tighten).
  • the coupling element is, starting from an unloaded ground state, both shortened and extendable in the direction of the movement axis.
  • the coupling element acts on the one hand as a torsion spring and on the other hand as a spring in the direction of movement, in such a way that the coupling element
  • Clutch element on two terminals, and lamellae which connect these terminals, wherein the lamellae extend in the direction of the axis of rotation but are angled relative to the axis of rotation.
  • the lamellae By turning the connections against each other, depending on the direction of rotation, the lamellae are even more angled and thus the connections drawn closer to each other, or the lamellae are rotated in a direction that is more parallel to the axis of rotation, and thus moves the terminals away from each other.
  • the coupling element has two concentric rings as connections.
  • the rings are connected by two or more spirally extending springs and thus rotated against each other.
  • the kinematic chain between auxiliary drive and intermediate body is elastic.
  • This elasticity or spring action can be realized by a flexible coupling such as a resiliently twistable element or a hose or flexible coupling.
  • the elasticity can also be realized in that the auxiliary drive has a transmission.
  • the chain of toothed gears acts like a spring. The elasticity allows a resilient decoupling of the movement of the oscillating drive from the movement of the auxiliary drive. It can therefore continue to move the auxiliary motor in the stoppage phases of the oscillating drive and thereby tension the spring. In the unloaded phases of the intermediate body jumps a bit further and relaxes the spring.
  • the force converter comprises: an auxiliary drive for rotating an intermediate body about an axis of rotation, wherein the intermediate body is displaceable in the axial direction along this axis of rotation, an oscillating drive for generating an oscillating movement of the
  • a load application body which is toothed to the screw thread, the toothing of the load application body being movable parallel to the axis of rotation by the oscillating drive and the intermediate body in a first movement phase of the oscillating drive,
  • the intermediate body is rotatable about the axis of rotation.
  • the intermediate body can thus be moved according to the following sequence:
  • the oscillating drive pushes the intermediate body in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the load application body is moved via the toothing with.
  • a rotation of the intermediate body is prevented by the inhibiting force of the toothing on the screw thread of the intermediate body.
  • the oscillating drive pulls the intermediate body in the opposite direction along the axis of rotation.
  • the auxiliary drive rotates the intermediate body about the axis of rotation, so that the toothing of the load application body remains substantially in the same place. It is assumed that the inertia of the load application body and the load is so great that during this rotation by the auxiliary drive, the load application body does not move back substantially. This is possible because the teeth and the screw thread against each other have a game. Thus, the screw thread is not loaded during this time, and the auxiliary drive only has to move the intermediate body.
  • the direction of rotation of the intermediate body and thus the direction of movement of the load application body is determined by the direction of rotation of the auxiliary drive.
  • the load application body is preferably a gear. This forms with the screw thread of the intermediate body a worm gear so that an endless rotation of the gear around its axis is possible.
  • the load application body may be a linear element such as a rack or a threaded body. In this case, the length of the movement is limited by the length of the load application body.
  • threaded body includes both a threaded rod and a body with an internal thread.
  • the drive can also be built around a threaded body, so that the intermediate body has a female thread as a screw thread.
  • Internal thread has a game in the longitudinal direction relative to a threaded rod.
  • Threaded rod linear along the rod axis In the second movement phase, the intermediate body on the one hand moves back linearly and rotates simultaneously, before the threaded rod slips back under the load.
  • the drive can be done by the described bending elements, which shorten when bending in the longitudinal direction, or by a piezo stack or by magnetostrictive elements, etc.
  • the oscillating drive for generating an oscillating movement of the intermediate body in the direction of the axis of rotation is additionally formed, instead of the auxiliary drive, for generating a rotational movement about the axis of rotation.
  • the function of the auxiliary drive is thus integrated in the oscillating part of the drive, which allows a particularly simple structure and control.
  • Drive for rotating the intermediate body formed about the axis of rotation, and in particular has drive arms, by the or the common Piezo elements are vibrated.
  • the drive arms have contact areas which act by a movement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation intermittently on a drive surface of the intermediate body and thereby set this in rotation.
  • the force converter has a first drive body with a first thread pairing to a threaded body, and a second drive body with a second thread pairing to the threaded body.
  • the two thread pairings are coaxial with each other and to a rotation axis.
  • a drive element is arranged for alternately shortening and lengthening the distance between the first and the second drive body in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the two thread pairings each have a play in the direction of the axis of rotation, which is greater than the maximum shortening or lengthening of the drive element.
  • the other thread pairing is unloaded and rotatable. Between the thread pairings an elastically twistable connection is arranged, either between two parts of the threaded body or between the two drive bodies.
  • the drive engages elastically on the threaded body, and the load on one of the drive body.
  • the drive also engages elastically on one of the drive body, and the load on the threaded body. The rotation of the drive is transmitted intermittently on the elastic connections to the respective unloaded part of the threaded body respectively the respective unloaded drive body.
  • the drive elements are designed not only for the alternate shortening and lengthening of the distance between the first and the second drive body, but also for the rotation of the respective non-blocked drive element with respect to the blocked drive element. This eliminates a separate auxiliary drive. This dual function is effected by an asymmetrical design of resonators of the piezo drives and / or by the suitable choice of the excitation frequency (s) of the piezo element.
  • piezoelectric elements magnetostrictive bodies or electromagnetically moved elements can be used in the oscillating drive in the device according to the invention.
  • the main movement direction when activating these elements is in each case parallel to the axis of movement of the device.
  • the auxiliary drive is used only for switching the direction of movement, or by a manual actuated changeover replaced.
  • the force converter has an asymmetrically acting, switchable power transmission for transmitting the drive movement to the driven body.
  • the switchable power transformer is thus between a first and a second
  • Switchable state with movements of the vibration transmitter in the first state. can be transferred to the driven body only in a first direction of movement. Movements of the Schwingungsübertragers against the first direction of movement are not transmitted. It is therefore forced in the direction of movement, but not in the opposite direction, so that the driven body does not move back significantly due to its inertia. It is necessary, according to the mass of the driven system, a minimum speed of movement of the oscillating vibration transmitter at least in the opposite direction.
  • the switchable power transmission has at least one drive element which jams against the driven body for transmitting a force to the driven body.
  • the drive element slips or slides off.
  • the at least one drive element may be made of a hard material, in particular a metal and be movably mounted in the switchable power transmission, wherein it is in one state in physical contact with the driven body can be brought, and in the other state of this movable away.
  • the drive element may consist of several parts, but it may also be formed in one piece for both directions of movement, for example of a spring steel, or it may be integrally formed on a vibration transmission element.
  • a first group of drive elements is pressed by means of spring force against a frame of the driven body, so that the drive elements jam against this body when moving in one direction.
  • Another group of drive elements is pushed against the spring force from the frame and does not come into contact with the frame.
  • a control piece releases the second group of drive elements and pushes the first group away from the frame.
  • the control piece can be actuated via a control device, in particular a control rod, which in turn can be moved by hand or by a controllable direction switch or actuator, for example by means of an electromagnet, electric motor, piezo motor, air pressure, etc.
  • the direction switch or actuator can be arranged directly on the switchable force transmitter without a longer control rod
  • the driven body executes a linear movement and the switchable force transmitter is switchable between the first and the second state by means of a linear movement of the control device.
  • This makes it possible to actuate the force transmitter along a linear oscillator.
  • the control device executes a rotational movement, which respectively in the control piece by means of a screwing movement or via a screw surface for pushing away. Releasing the drive plates leads.
  • the driven body carries out a rotating movement and the switchable force transmitter is switchable by means of a rotary movement of the control device between the first and the second state.
  • the control device may be designed so that it converts a linear movement into a rotational movement for actuating the drive plates.
  • the switchable force transmitter has at least one switchable valve, which is arranged as part of a piston displaceable in a piston skirt, and in accordance with a valve state only in one or the other direction along the piston skirt is displaceable.
  • the piston in the piston skirt preferably acts as an (oil) hydraulic piston and is displaceably arranged between two chambers in the piston skirt and these chambers are sealed off from one another by the piston.
  • the switchable valve is formed by bores in the piston, whose outputs are selectively closed or released by one or more movable valve elements.
  • the valve elements preferably act in such a way that they have a certain flexibility and thus a valve function, so that hydraulic fluid can each flow out of a bore on the corresponding valve element, but not flow in (since the valve element is pressed against the opening of the bore).
  • the valve elements may each have no own valve function, but only the continuity of a first and a second group of valve holes selectively turn on. In this case, the first and the second group each have separate valves which allow a flow in one or the other direction. The switching function is thus separated from the valve function.
  • valve bores can be arranged parallel to the direction of movement of the piston, wherein the valve elements are preferably flexible platelets, the lie perpendicular to the direction of movement and close the openings of the valve holes either at one or the other end of the holes by the platelets are rotated by a control means together in a first or a second state.
  • the upper valve plate covers the valve holes and releases the lower valve plate, the valve holes.
  • the upper valve plate unconvertedly releases the valve bores and covers the lower valve plate, the valve bores, etc.
  • the holes may be arranged obliquely or in sections perpendicular to the direction of movement, with exit surfaces parallel to the direction of movement, and with platelets, which are pushed by a linear movement along the direction of movement in front of the openings of the holes.
  • the openings of holes that lead in opposite directions covered and act as valves.
  • excitation frequencies in all embodiments of the invention presented here are preferably in the range not audible to humans, ie higher than 20 kHz.
  • the motion amplitudes are preferably in the range of tenths of microns to one or more (five to ten) micrometers.
  • Figure 1 different states of motion in a power converter
  • FIG. 2 shows a force converter for linear movements, with bending elements
  • Figure 3 shows a force converter for linear movements, with a
  • FIG. 4 shows a force converter for rotational movements
  • Figure 5 is another view of the power converter on Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further force converter for rotational movements
  • FIG. 7 shows a torsion spring
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 show a torsion spring with a delimiting element
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 force converter with integrated auxiliary drive
  • Figures 14 and 15 force converter, which are quasi-static operable
  • Figures 16 and 17 power converter with a hydraulic lock
  • Figures 18 to 20 Details of the hydraulic lock
  • FIGS. 23 and 24 show a force converter with a mechanical lock in different operating states;
  • Figures 25 and 26 Details of the mechanical lock;
  • Figures 27 to 30 power converter with mechanical lock and rotational movement;
  • FIG. 31 shows a further embodiment of a valve plate.
  • FIG. 1 shows various states of motion in a force converter with bending elements. It is the essential mechanical elements of an oscillating drive drawn.
  • the drive has a first drive body 11 and a second drive body 12, which are mechanically connected via two or more bending elements 6.
  • the bending elements 6 have flat sections, on which a piezoelectric element 7 is connected to a resonator 8. The surface of these flat sections is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the first drive body 11 stands on a reference surface, and on a load application surface or a load application point 4 of the second drive body 12 is a load application body 15. The supply and contacting for the electrical supply of the piezoelectric elements 7 is not shown.
  • the illustration on the left in FIG. 1 shows the arrangement at rest.
  • the image in the center shows a first activated state in which the piezoelectric elements 7 are electrically controlled so as to shorten in the longitudinal direction with respect to the resonators 8.
  • the bending elements 6 are bent inwards and shorten in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a second activated state in which the piezoelectric elements 7 are electrically actuated in such a way that they extend in the longitudinal direction with respect to the resonators 8.
  • the bending elements 6 are bent outwards and also shorten in the longitudinal direction.
  • Figure 2 shows the above-described arrangement of bending elements 6 in a force converter for linear movements, in a cross-sectional drawing.
  • the bending elements 6 each have two piezoelectric elements 7 on opposite surfaces of the resonators 8.
  • a drive of such a pair of piezoelectric elements 7 is configured so that in each case one of the piezoelectric elements 7 contracts in the longitudinal direction during which the other of the piezoelectric elements 7 expands.
  • the same movements as in the figure 1 can be achieved, but with greater power.
  • the oscillating drive 2 in the upper half of Figure 2 is thus able to move a load that acts on the load application point 4.
  • the oscillating drive 2 changes in different phases of movement between a loaded and an unloaded state.
  • the mechanism in the lower half of Figure 2 is used, that the load application point 4 is nachgeschoben in the unloaded state of the load.
  • This first contact surface pair 21 limits the movement of the first drive body 11 against the intermediate body 13.
  • the first drive body 11 is slightly removed from the intermediate body 13 in the other direction, after which the Movement from the intermediate body 13 away by a second contact surface pair 22 is limited.
  • the second contact surface pair 22 is formed by the head of a screw, which screw is screwed in the intermediate body 13 and the first drive body 11 loose respectively with play with the intermediate body 13 connects.
  • the freedom of movement or the play in the direction of movement is a little greater than the maximum amplitude of the oscillating drive. 2
  • the intermediate body 13 has a self-locking 5, in this case a screw thread between the intermediate body 13 and a reference body 30.
  • An auxiliary drive 3 is capable of rotating the intermediate body 13 about an axis of rotation 20, so that the intermediate body 13 with respect to the reference body 30 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 is displaceable with a screwing movement.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 and the intermediate body 13 are in the direction of the rotation axis 20 against each other displaceable, so it is only a torque about the axis of rotation 20 transmitted from the auxiliary drive 3 to the intermediate body 13.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 and the reference body 30 are rigidly connected.
  • An anti-rotation device 29 is arranged between the oscillating drive 2 and the reference body 30 or another, rigidly connected to this body. The anti-rotation device 29 allows only a linear movement of the oscillating drive 2 parallel to the axis of rotation 20 with respect to the reference body 30th
  • the oscillating drive 2 intermittently pushes the load over the load application point 4 and with pressure on the first contact surface pair 21 upwards.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 unscrews the unloaded intermediate body 13 upwards.
  • FIG. 3 shows a force converter for linear movements.
  • the operating principle is the same as in Figure 2, but some elements are designed differently:
  • the second contact surface pair 22 is formed by a circumferential sleeve, which urhschliesst from the outside of the first drive body 11 from a correspondingly shaped part of the intermediate body 13 with play.
  • the oscillating drive 2 is formed by a prestressed stack 17 of piezo elements.
  • the intermediate body 13 has the first pair of contact surfaces 21 towards a resilient coupling 9.
  • the clutch 9 acts as a torsion spring. It serves to close the air gap between a contact surface pair 21, 22 in the return oscillation of the resonator 8 (respectively of the first drive body 11).
  • the coupling 9 on the one hand a continuous movement of the auxiliary drive 3 is possible, and on the other hand, only the very small mass of a part of the clutch 9 is moved after discharge.
  • this part can move very fast and follow the movement of the respective active contact surface as well as possible. This applies to both directions of movement, as explained below:
  • the thread between 30 and intermediate body 13 is a right-hand thread, and lamellae 26 of the coupling 9 are inclined according to a left spiral (further details with respect to the coupling 9 are explained below in connection with Figure 7).
  • the auxiliary drive 3 will therefore execute a clockwise rotation during oscillation of the oscillating drive 2.
  • the first contact surface pair 21 is alternately loaded and relieved.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 tilts the clutch 9, the fins 26 are rotated in the direction of the horizontal, and the clutch 9 is shortened in the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis 20.
  • the intermediate body 13 alone could not follow the movement of the return-swinging first contact surface 211 because of its relatively large mass and the relatively weak auxiliary drive 3. Thanks to the clutch 9 but accelerates the biased upper part of the clutch 9 with its small mass with a clockwise rotation in the direction of its basic position. In this case, the coupling 9 is also extended in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 and thus follows the second contact surface 212 of the movement of the back-swinging first contact surface 211st
  • the friction prevents the loaded contact surface pair 21, 22 (depending on whether the drive is loaded to train or pressure) that the coupling 9 is rotated. This also prevents the clutch (corresponding to the tensile or compressive force) from being lengthened or shortened.
  • the self-locking of the worm or worm gear smaller can be selected as in a comparable gear with a freely rotatable screw.
  • Figure 4 shows a force converter for rotational movements in a first cross-sectional view
  • Figure 5 in another cross-sectional view.
  • the oscillating drive 2 and the intermediate body 13 with a screw thread 14 are arranged as shown in FIG.
  • the intermediate body 13 is in turn arranged displaceably on a drive axle of the auxiliary drive 3 in the axial direction, so that only a moment about this drive axle on the intermediate body 13 is transferable.
  • the oscillating drive 2 is coupled to the first drive body 11 via the contact surface pairs 21, 22 with clearance to the intermediate body 13.
  • the oscillating drive 2 is connected to the second drive body 12 with a reference object or frame 31, and drives over the contact surface pairs 21, 22 the insects the insects, and Figure 5 in another cross-sectional view.
  • the oscillating drive 2 and the intermediate body 13 with a screw thread 14 are arranged as shown in FIG.
  • the intermediate body 13 is in turn arranged displaceably on a drive axle of the auxiliary drive 3 in the axial direction, so that only a moment about this
  • the intermediate body 13 is not screwed to a reference body, but engages in a load application body 15 a.
  • the load application body 15 is here a gear 15 with a toothing 16, which forms a worm gear with the screw thread 14 of the intermediate body 13.
  • the toothing 16 and the screw thread 14 have against each other a game.
  • the play in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 is preferably slightly larger than the amplitude of the oscillating drive 2 in the same direction.
  • the gear 15 is mounted in the frame 31 and drives the load.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 is also attached to the frame 31.
  • the oscillating drive 2 pushes or pushes the intermediate body 13 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 of the intermediate body 13.
  • the toothed wheel 15 is also rotated.
  • the gear 15 does not follow the rapid movement of the intermediate body 13. Instead, the intermediate body 13 is rotated by the auxiliary drive 3 about the axis of rotation 20.
  • the force between the toothing 16 and screw thread 14 inhibits the rotation of the intermediate body 13 again.
  • this is designed as short as possible.
  • the worm of the intermediate body 13 only about 1.25 to one and a half turns.
  • a torsion spring is arranged between the drive axle of the auxiliary drive 3 and the intermediate body 13.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further force converter for rotational movements.
  • a prestressed piezo stack 17 is arranged instead of the bending elements 6. This makes it possible to realize a higher driving force at the expense of complexity and production costs.
  • FIG. 7 shows in principle the structure of the torsion spring shown in FIG.
  • the torsion spring also acts as a spring in the direction of the axis of rotation 20.
  • the coupling 9 has a first coupling connection 23, a second coupling connection 24 and an intermediate plate 25.
  • the first coupling port 23 is connected by a first pair of fins 26 to the intermediate plate 25, which in turn is connected to the second coupling port 24 by a second pair of fins 26.
  • the first and the second pair of fins 26 are offset relative to the axis of rotation 20 by 90 degrees from each other.
  • the lamellae 26 are arranged rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation 20.
  • the lamellae 26 extend mainly in the longitudinal direction (ie parallel to the axis of rotation 20) of the coupling 9, but are preferably also angled or obliquely arranged with respect to this longitudinal direction. On the one hand, this results in that the coupling, starting from the unloaded state, can also be extended. On the other hand, this causes that in a compression of the clutch 9, the direction of the mutual rotation of the coupling terminals 23, 24 and the intermediate plate 25 is uniquely predetermined. In the illustrated arrangement corresponds to the direction in which the blades 26 are angled, a left-hand screw. This has the consequence that with a rotation of the coupling terminals 23, 24 to the right the clutch 9 is shortened, and with a rotation of the coupling connections
  • One of the coupling terminals 23, 24 may directly form a contact surface, as shown in FIG.
  • One of the coupling ports 23, 24 may also be formed integrally with the intermediate body 13.
  • the entire coupling 9 is preferably formed integrally from metal or a plastic.
  • the spring constants can be adjusted independently of each other in terms of compression and torsion.
  • Figures 8 to 10 show a coupling 9 with a limiting element 27 for limiting the torsional movement respectively to limit the mutual rotation of the coupling terminals 23, 24.
  • One or more limiting pins 27 are anchored in the first coupling port 23 and lead, parallel to the axis of rotation 20, through holes 28th in the intermediate plate 25 and in the second coupling port
  • FIG. 9 shows a view in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 in the unloaded ground state of the clutch 9.
  • Figure 10 shows the coupling terminals 23rd 24, 24 up to the stop of the limiting pins 27 on the second coupling port 24 against each other.
  • limiting pins 27 it is also possible to arrange two, three or four limiting pins 27 in an analogous manner.
  • the limiting pins 27, viewed along the circumference, are arranged in the intermediate spaces between the lamellae 26.
  • the lamellae 26 may also be arranged in pairs of groups of three or four or more lamellae 26 instead of in pairs.
  • the limiting pins 27 limit the rotation of the coupling terminals 23, 24 about the rotation axis 20 against each other.
  • limiting elements are present which limit the displacement of the coupling connections 23, 24 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20.
  • such delimiting elements extend in each case as part of the first coupling connection 23 and / or the second coupling connection 24, outside the region of the lamellae 26, against the intermediate plate 25.
  • the delimiting elements have a surface extending parallel or obliquely to the plane of the intermediate plate 25 against which Surface a correspondingly oriented surface of the intermediate plate abuts.
  • the piezo elements or drive elements based on another technology are electrically contacted in a known manner with connecting wires and / or via the resonator plates.
  • the control by signal generators with suitable voltage, frequency and terminal impedance also takes place in a known manner, according to the physical dimensions of the drive and the forces to be transmitted.
  • the drive frequency is preferably a frequency outside the human hearing range, that is selected over 20 kHz.
  • the drive is suitable for slow movements with high power and low energy losses, for example for the adjustment of car rear-view mirrors or flaps in air conditioning systems.
  • FIGS 11 to 13 show power converter with integrated auxiliary drive.
  • Kraftumsetzer 1 of Figure 11 is on the first drive body 11, which by the
  • Piezo stack 17 is set in motion, a set of drive arms 41 is arranged. These at least two drive arms 41 extend in the direction of
  • the drive arms 41 contact the drive surface 42 at a contact area 43 loose or are with a bias against the drive surface 42nd pressed.
  • the drive arms 41 as seen in the direction of the oscillation, that is to say in the direction of the axis of rotation 20, optionally have an asymmetry, for example a recess or, as shown, a bulge 47. This causes the drive arms 41, vibrated by the piezo stack 17 (or alternatively by bending elements 6), also oscillate with a component of motion in an XY plane perpendicular to the direction Z of the axis of rotation 20.
  • the contact regions 43 of the drive arms 41 would perform a simplified ellipsoidal movement, the direction of rotation of the movement being selectable by selecting the oscillation frequency. If the intermediate body 13 with the drive surface 42 is present, then, depending on the frequency, the intermediate body 13 is driven by the contact regions 43 of the drive arms 41 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
  • the drive frequency is further selected such that the driving movement of the drive arms 41 takes place in the time interval in which the intermediate body 13 is not pushed by the first drive body 11, that is freely rotatable.
  • suitable drive frequencies for both directions of rotation depend on the geometry of the drive arms 41, and can be determined experimentally or by FEM simulation.
  • the piezo elements feed with a signal from a superposition of two or more excitation frequencies. In this case, one frequency is aligned with the pushing / pulling movement of the main drive, and another frequency is aligned with the excitation of the drive arms 41.
  • the drive arms 41 may themselves be provided with independently powered piezoelectric elements.
  • FIG. 12 likewise shows an integrated auxiliary drive with the drive arms 41, but for a linear drive.
  • the load application point 4 on a load application body 15 which is coupled via a screw thread with the screw thread 14 of the intermediate body 13.
  • the load application body 15 is displaceable in a guide 48 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20 with respect to the frame 30, but not rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 20.
  • the elements for the feed and for the retightening of the drive are completely integrated: at least two drive arms 41 form a tuning fork-like arrangement.
  • the drive arms 41 in turn contact areas, which include a threaded rod 46.
  • the contact areas also have a thread, and are therefore referred to as threaded contact areas 44.
  • the threads on a game which means that when the engine is not in operation and not under load, the drive arms 41 are slightly displaced in the direction of the axis of rotation 20.
  • the drive arms 41 are connected together at a base.
  • the base has a passage 45 for the threaded rod 46.
  • the threaded rod 46 is freely displaceable in the passage 45 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20, ie without thread.
  • the drive arms 41 are like the flexures 6, so formed as resonators 8 with piezoelectric elements 7. Again, by experiments or simulations, an excitation frequency may be determined with a mode of vibration in which the threaded contact portions 44 of the arms 41 alternately first perform a translating movement in the X direction with respect to the threaded rod 46 while simultaneously rotating the threaded rod 46, and then without being loaded by the threaded rod 46, perform a rotational rearward movement about the threaded rod 46 before the sluggish threaded rod 46 can follow.
  • the threaded rod 46 performs a screwing movement, and the load is preferably coupled via a pivot bearing to the threaded rod 46, so that it does not rotate. If the threaded rod 46 is held, the drive arm 41 of the threaded rod 46 screws up along.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show force converters which can be operated quasi-statically.
  • a threaded rod runs through a thread of the first drive body 11 and of the second drive body 12.
  • the two drive bodies 11, 12 are interconnected by bending elements 6 and against each other Oscillation displaceable.
  • the threaded rod is divided into two parts and has a first thread 51, which is screwed into an internal thread of the first drive body 11, and a coaxial second thread 52, which is screwed into an internal thread of the second drive body 12.
  • These thread pairings each have a clearance which is greater than the deflection of the bending elements 6 in the direction of the axis of rotation 20.
  • the first thread 51 and the second threads 52 are elastically twisted together via a coupling 9.
  • the auxiliary drive 3 engages via a further elastic coupling 9 '.
  • the load acts on one of the drive bodies 11, 12.
  • the load and / or the drive bodies 11, 12 are displaceable in a linear guide 48 parallel to the axis of rotation 20 but not rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 20.
  • the configuration shown in Fig. 14 functions as follows: (The explanations refer to a load force acting downward as drawn in the figure, and the same applies to a force in the opposite direction).
  • the bending elements 6 are in the extended position.
  • the load force is transmitted to the first thread 51 via the flexures 6 and the first drive body 11.
  • the first thread 51 can not rotate, and a movement of the auxiliary drive 3 twisted and biases the further elastic coupling 9 'between the auxiliary drive 3 and the first thread 51st
  • this coupling 9 has a smaller (ie softer) spring constant than the coupling 9 'to the auxiliary drive 3 so that the rotation of the auxiliary drive 3 is transmitted as far as possible to the first thread 51.
  • a threaded rod 46 likewise runs through a thread of the first drive body 11 and of the second drive body 12.
  • the two drive bodies 11, 12 are connected to one another by bending elements 6 and can be set into oscillation with one another.
  • the threaded rod is in one piece, but allow the bending elements 6 a mutual rotation of the first drive body 11 and the second drive body 12 about the rotation axis 20 against each other. For example, this is achieved by planar bending elements 6 are arranged around the threaded rod 46, so that the planes of the bending elements 6 each extend through the axis of rotation 20.
  • the load is mounted on the second drive body 12 via a pivot bearing 53.
  • the second drive body 12 can thus rotate freely about the rotation axis 20, and transmit tensile or compressive forces on the load.
  • the hip drive 3 engages one of the drive bodies 11, 12, here by way of example via a toothed wheel or friction gear on the first drive body 11.
  • the mode of operation is dual to that of FIG. 14: Here as well, the two threaded pairs are alternately loaded, but here the drive bodies are loaded 11, 12 instead of the threaded rod parts 51, 52 against each other and rotated with respect to the load.
  • the threaded rod 46 is not rotatable, and the drive body 11, 12 perform a rotation and a translation, wherein the auxiliary drive 3 can join the translation.
  • the threaded rod 46 is arranged linearly displaceable instead of the drive body 11, 12, and the drive body 11, 12 are mounted so that they only a rotation and a small translation in the context of elongation or contraction of the bending elements. 6 can export.
  • the load application point is on the threaded rod 46.
  • the function of the auxiliary drive 3 is integrated in the bending elements 6:
  • the bending elements 6 receive a movement component which generates forces in the XY plane , and each rotated the unloaded drive body with respect to the loaded (and thereby blocked) drive body.
  • Figures 16 and 17 show power converter 1 with a hydraulic lock. 17 shows an oscillating drive 2 based on a piezoelectric stack. Alternatively, it is of course also possible to use oscillating drives based on a different operating principle, preferably those which generate large forces with small strokes.
  • the force converter 1 of Figures 16 and 17 have an oscillating drive 2, which is a hollow shaft, which serves as a vibration transformer 102, with respect to a reference body 30 in motion.
  • the vibration transmitter 102 transmits the longitudinally oscillating motion to a switchable force transmitter 101.
  • the switchable force transducer 101 forms a piston 104, which is linearly displaceable in a sealed and filled with hydraulic fluid piston skirt 109 is mounted.
  • the piston 104 is sealed with a sealing ring 105 against the piston skirt 109 and separates the so cavity within the piston skirt 109 in two parts.
  • the piston 104 has valve bores 106 which connect these two parts.
  • valve plates 107, 108 are arranged, which selectively close the upper or the lower opening of the valve holes 106.
  • the valve plates 107, 108 are flexible, so that only one inflow of the hydraulic fluid is prevented in the valve bore 106, but an outflow under displacement of the valve plates 107, 108 is possible.
  • the upper and lower valve plates 107, 108 are 45 degrees offset from each other attached to a control rod 103 so that they are rotatable together about their axis respectively about a longitudinal axis of the device.
  • Figures 18 to 20 show details of the hydraulic lock:
  • Figure 18 is a plan view of a valve plate 107, 108.
  • Figure 19 shows a top view of the piston 104 with the valve plates 107, 108 in a first position.
  • Figure 20 shows the same view, with the valve plates 107, 108 in a second, rotated by 45 degrees position.
  • the upper valve plate 107 thus covers the upper outlet openings of the valve bores 106.
  • the lower valve plate 108 covers the lower outlet openings of the valve bores 106.
  • valve plates 107, 108 are thus formed like a star and rotatable about its center with the arms of the stars depending on the rotation cover the outlet openings or not.
  • embodiments can be realized with only one, two, three or more than four valve holes 106.
  • FIG. 21 corresponds to the "lifting" state and shows the movement of the vibration transmitter 102 and the piston 104 downwards, wherein the upper valve plate 107 releases the openings of the valve bores 106 and the hydraulic fluid flows upward to compensate for the movement of the piston 104 the upper valve plate 107 is raised above the valve bores 106.
  • the piston 104 pushes up, the upper valve plate 107 lies flat on the valve bores 106 and blocks the valve bores 106, and so the piston skirt 109 with the Load moved up.
  • FIG. 21 corresponds to the "lifting" state and shows the movement of the vibration transmitter 102 and the piston 104 downwards, wherein the upper valve plate 107 releases the openings of the valve bores 106 and the hydraulic fluid flows upward to compensate for the movement of the piston 104 the upper valve plate 107 is raised above the valve bores 106.
  • the piston 104 pushes up, the upper valve plate 107 lies flat on the valve bores 106 and blocks the valve bores 106, and so the piston skirt
  • the driving force acts against a load in both directions of movement.
  • either another, separately switchable valve is preferably provided in the piston 104, which allows a throttled flow of hydraulic fluid in both directions, or it will Upper valve plate 107 or the lower valve plate 108 (depending on the direction of movement) only partially open, so that a throttle effect occurs.
  • By throttling there is a slowed movement of the piston skirt 109 with respect to the piston 104, driven by the load force.
  • a control of the drive is preferably designed to control the oscillating drive 2 and the control rod 103 coordinated, with a continuous adjustment of the control rod 103 by the direction switch 115 is possible. Since the load is not known in certain arrangements, it is assumed that a displacement measurement is present, which is usually the case with positionable drives. From the distance measurement, a speed is derived. If this exceeds a predetermined amount, it can be assumed that the load acts in the direction of movement. To brake the movement then the corresponding valves (ie, the upper or lower valve plate, or separate throttle valves) are controlled so that the said throttling effect occurs. Similarly, when changing the direction of movement, first the closed valves with throttling effect are opened. Only when the load is not moving, the oscillating drive 2 is turned on, these valves are fully released and the opposite valves are covered.
  • a displacement measurement is present, which is usually the case with positionable drives. From the distance measurement, a speed is derived. If this exceeds a predetermined amount, it can be assumed that
  • FIGS 23 and 24 show a force converter 1 for linear movements and with a mechanical lock in different operating conditions.
  • This power converter 1 has an oscillating drive 2, which sets a hollow shaft, which serves as a vibration transformer 102, in motion.
  • the vibration transmitter 102 transmits the longitudinally oscillating motion to a switchable force transmitter 101.
  • the switchable force transducer 101 has movable, in particular rotatably mounted, first drive plates 111 and second drive plates 112. These drive plates bridge a distance between the vibration transmitter 102 and a frame 31.
  • the frame 31 provides a load application point 4 for moving or lifting a load.
  • the drive plates 111, 112 are pressed on the one hand by respectively associated springs, in particular annular springs 114 against the frame 31, and on the other hand by a control piece 113 from the frame 31 wegbewegbar.
  • the control piece 113 is guided by a control rod 103 which passes through the vibration transmitter 102 Longitudinal direction of the device movable.
  • the control piece 113 is annular or toroidal in the present case and is connected to the control rod 103 by a rod which passes through a bore in the vibration transmitter 102.
  • the control rod 103 in turn is actuated by a direction switch 115 or control drive. Alternatively, the direction switch 115 may also be manually operable.
  • the second drive plates 112 are pushed away from the frame 31.
  • the first drive plates 111 are released by the control piece 113 and are thus pressed against the frame 31 by the upper ring spring 114.
  • the first drive plates 111 extend at an angle between the vibration transmitter 102 and the frame 31, wherein they jam in a movement of the vibration transmitter 102 upwards between the vibration transmitter 102 and the frame 31.
  • the oscillator 102 moves downwardly, the outer points of the first drive plates 111 slip along the inside of the frame 31, assuming that the inertia of the frame 31 and the other driven bodies does not follow downward rapid movement of the oscillator 102 can.
  • control piece 113 If the control piece 113 is in the upper position, as shown in FIG. 24, the frame 31 can analogously be pulled down against an upward force.
  • Driving force against a load For an operating condition in which the movement of the load in the same direction as the direction of attack of the load the following driving method can be used:
  • the vibration transformer 102 oscillates as already described.
  • the control piece 113 is also pushed with a periodic movement against those drive plates 111, 112 which counteract the load force ("active drive plates").
  • This periodic movement preferably has an oscillation frequency lower than that of the vibration transmitter 102, for example 20 to 400 to 1000 times lower.
  • the frequency of the control piece 113 would be between 50 Hz and 1 kHz and the amplitude would be a few tenths of a millimeter, for example.
  • the superposition of the two vibrations has the consequence that the active drive plates are released again and again in a vibration phase, in which they would otherwise be jammed by the load, by the control piece 113.
  • This release despite the load force is possible because the active drive plates by their oscillation periodically (at a higher frequency) relieved and thus not jammed, and thus can be pushed away by the control piece 113. Then, the frame 31 can move in the direction of the load force without jamming the active drive plates.
  • control piece 113 With a force acting down, the control piece 113 will periodically have the upper position shown in FIG. 24 and thus release the upper or first drive plates 111. As a function of time, depending on the two oscillation frequencies, the downwardly acting load force can thus move the frame 31 downwards.
  • the drive can be fully released by the control piece 113 in its oscillating motion having such a large amplitude that alternately the first drive plates 111 and the second .
  • Drive plates 112 are released.
  • the frame 31 can follow in its movement and a changing load without on average over time a net driving force or braking force is exerted by the drive plates 111, 112.
  • Figures 25 and 26 show details of the mechanical barrier, with a view in the direction of movement, and in particular possible forms of the
  • the drive plates 111, 112 have individual here
  • the frames 31 may be a round, square or otherwise shaped cylindrical tube made of metal or of a metal or ceramic coated metal or plastic tube.
  • the drive plates 111, 112 and coming into contact with them part of the inside of the frame 31 are preferably made of a hard material at higher forces to be transmitted, in particular of metal, ball bearing steel, hardened steel or ceramic.
  • a certain surface roughness may well be desirable. However, as low as possible a smooth surface is preferred for low movement amplitudes and high frequencies, since the surface roughness is preferably approximately in the range of the movement amplitudes or even finer.
  • the excitation frequencies are preferably in the non-audible range, that is higher than 20 kHz.
  • the motion amplitudes are preferably in the range of tenths of microns to one or more (five to ten) micrometers. For high-precision drives, smaller amplitudes with fractions of micrometers may also be present, whereby the roughness of the contacting parts of drive plates 111, 112 and frame 31 is correspondingly low.
  • the drive plates 111, 112 can - depending on the size and force ratios, also be resilient in itself, so that the annular springs 114 omitted.
  • the oscillating drive 2 drives the vibration transmitter 102 with respect to a reference body 30. It can, as shown above, build on bending elements or a piezo stack or another principle.
  • the force of the oscillating drive 2 on the inner part engages the piston-like force transmitter 101, and the load on the frame 31.
  • the switchable power transformer 101 and preferably also the direction switch moves 115 with the load with.
  • the drive plates 111, 112 instead of being rotatable about a central vibration transmitter 102, may be rotatably arranged reversely on a peripheral frame 31, and optionally jam against a rod arranged in the middle, respectively, to release it.
  • FIGS 27 to 30 show a power converter 1 with a mechanical lock, which realizes a rotational movement.
  • the switchable power transformer 101 is here annular, and extends in an annular groove of the Schwingungsübertragers 102.
  • On the switchable power transformer 101 one or more sets of each first and second drive plates 111, 112 are mounted, each pressed by ring springs 114 against the vibration transformer 102 and optionally can be moved away from the vibration transmitter 102 by a control piece 113.
  • the control piece 113 is mounted centrally and rotates together with the driven switchable power transformer 101.
  • the vibration transmitter 102 is attached to a reference body 30 and forms seen from this a stator, the switchable power transformer 101 is a rotor.
  • the oscillating drives 2 can be switched on Force transmitter 101 to be attached and act on this, so that it forms the stator and the vibration transformer 102 (which then does not have the functions of vibration transmission) the rotor.
  • FIG. 27 shows the force converter 1 in a first state in which the control piece 113 is rotated counterclockwise with respect to the switchable force transmitter 101 and moves corresponding second drive plates 112 away from the vibration transmitter 102.
  • the first drive plates 111 respectively jam or slide in an oscillating manner on the vibration transmitter 102 and rotate the switchable force transmitter 101 in a counterclockwise direction.
  • FIG. 28 shows a cross-section A-A through FIG. 27.
  • FIG. 28 shows the power converter 1 in a second state, in which the control piece 113 is rotated clockwise with respect to the switchable power transformer 101 and moves corresponding first drive plates 111 away from the vibration transmitter 102.
  • the second drive plates 112 rotate the switchable power transformer 101 in a clockwise direction.
  • FIG. 30 shows a cross-section B-B through FIG. 29.
  • the control piece 113 can also be realized by a centrally mounted, perforated plate with protruding pins for controlling the drive plates 111, 112.
  • the oscillating drive 2 can in turn be formed in various embodiments by a piezo stack or based on the disk drive or by other drive principles.

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur de force comportant un entraînement destiné à produire un mouvement oscillant, un entraînement auxiliaire destiné à produire une force par rapport à un axe de mouvement, un point d'application des charges par l'intermédiaire duquel une charge peut être amenée dans une première phase de mouvement au moyen d'un entraînement oscillant, et un blocage automatique bloquant temporairement un mouvement de la charge. Dans une deuxième phase de mouvement, l'entraînement auxiliaire suit le mouvement de la charge. L'entraînement oscillant présente des éléments de flexion actifs comportant au moins deux couches, les éléments de flexion raccourcissant dans la direction longitudinale lors de la flexion. Les éléments de flexion sont respectivement connectés à un premier corps d'entraînement sur une première extrémité de leur direction longitudinale, et à un deuxième corps d'entraînement sur une deuxième extrémité de leur direction longitudinale de manière à provoquer une force d'entraînement de l'entraînement oscillant par flexion et raccourcissement des éléments de flexion, au moyen des deux corps d'entraînement. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, un élément d'accouplement agit entre l'entraînement oscillant et un corps intermédiaire, d'une part en tant que ressort de torsion et d'autre part en tant que ressort dans le sens de déplacement.
EP07701879A 2006-02-16 2007-02-14 Convertisseur de force Withdrawn EP1992024A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2452006 2006-02-16
PCT/CH2007/000079 WO2007093074A2 (fr) 2006-02-16 2007-02-14 Convertisseur de force

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EP1992024A2 true EP1992024A2 (fr) 2008-11-19

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CN110067832B (zh) * 2019-05-05 2022-04-19 广东工业大学 一种压电陶瓷驱动器预紧装置

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US3377878A (en) * 1966-10-18 1968-04-16 Maroth Engineering Co Mechanical drive
JPS6223381A (ja) * 1985-07-23 1987-01-31 Ube Ind Ltd 圧電式アクチュエータ装置
US4736131A (en) * 1985-07-30 1988-04-05 Nec Corporation Linear motor driving device
JPH01274673A (ja) * 1988-04-25 1989-11-02 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 圧電駆動装置
DE3833157A1 (de) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-12 Siemens Ag Monostabiler piezoelektrischer weggeber
EP0549790A4 (en) * 1990-03-05 1995-01-18 Gennady Vladimirovich Vasiliev Method and device for conversion of reciprocating motion into unidirectional rotary motion
JP2002518620A (ja) * 1998-06-08 2002-06-25 オーシャニアリング インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド 圧電電気‐運動装置
US6300692B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-09 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Linear actuator with expansion device
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CH696993A5 (de) * 2004-06-24 2008-02-29 Miniswys Sa Antriebseinheit.
DE202004017243U1 (de) * 2004-11-04 2004-12-30 Hansert, Klaus Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von Druck in Bewegungsenergie

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WO2007093074A2 (fr) 2007-08-23

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