EP2002252A1 - Élement de detection pour determiner une proportion de gaz avec proprietes thermiques ameliorees - Google Patents

Élement de detection pour determiner une proportion de gaz avec proprietes thermiques ameliorees

Info

Publication number
EP2002252A1
EP2002252A1 EP07712176A EP07712176A EP2002252A1 EP 2002252 A1 EP2002252 A1 EP 2002252A1 EP 07712176 A EP07712176 A EP 07712176A EP 07712176 A EP07712176 A EP 07712176A EP 2002252 A1 EP2002252 A1 EP 2002252A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor element
heating
region
heat
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07712176A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Wahl
Lothar Diehl
Ralf Liedtke
Philipp Spies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2002252A1 publication Critical patent/EP2002252A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/4067—Means for heating or controlling the temperature of the solid electrolyte

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sensor element for determining a gas content in a measurement gas, which is used for example in a lambda probe for determining an oxygen content in an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • the sensor element according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it has a very short warm-up time and still occur significantly reduced mechanical stresses in the sensor element.
  • the meandering path comprises a first and second outer Heating area and a first and second inner heating area.
  • the heating regions are preferably located in a plane in the sensor element. According to the invention, the heating power of the heater is thus used efficiently for heating, while still a uniform temperature distribution within the sensor element for reducing mechanical stresses is possible.
  • the first outer and the first inner heating regions are connected to one another via a first curved heating region.
  • the first and second inner heating regions are connected by a second arcuate heating region and the second inner and second outer heating regions are connected by a third arcuate heating region.
  • the two outer and the two inner heating regions are arranged substantially parallel to one another.
  • the two outer and the two inner heating regions are further preferably designed as straight heating regions.
  • the heating element preferably has different cross sections over its heating length formed by the inner and outer heating regions.
  • the introduced heating energy can be selectively introduced into desired areas depending on the cross section.
  • a cross section of the first and second inner heating regions is particularly preferably larger than a cross section of the first and second outer heating regions.
  • the changing cross sections of the heating element are preferably achieved by different widths of the heating areas.
  • a width of the first and second inner heating regions is greater than a width of the first and second outer heating regions.
  • the sensor element has a very low thermal mass (Vpc p : V:
  • the sensor element preferably comprises a heat-insulating region, which is arranged on a side of the heating element facing away from the electrodes of the sensor element.
  • the very low thermal mass at the side of the heating element facing away from the electrodes can be achieved by reducing the thickness and / or density of the non-functional carrier film of the heating element.
  • no carrier foil is particularly preferably arranged below the heating element, so that the gas mixture surrounding the sensor element can be used for thermal insulation.
  • Distance from the outer edge of the first outer heating region to the outer edge of the second outer heating region and j is a total width of the sensor element.
  • the heating element of the sensor element satisfies the condition that a ratio of the cross section of the outer heating regions to the inner heating regions is between 0.7 to 1.1.
  • the sensor element preferably also satisfies the condition f / (e + f + g)> 0.18, where f is the thickness of the heat-insulating region and f is at the same time greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the heat-insulating region has a length r and is arranged at a distance m to an end face of the sensor element.
  • the heating element is further arranged at a distance t from the end face and has the outer heating region of the heating element - A -
  • the pre-chamber and the pumping chamber from a top of the sensor element at a distance a, a thickness b and a distance c to the heater on.
  • the condition c / (a + b) 0.1 to 0.35 is satisfied.
  • the heat-insulating region is a cavity, which is filled in particular with air. This provides a high thermal insulation with a particularly simple manufacturability. It should be noted, however, that, alternatively, the heat-insulating region may also be a heat-insulating layer of an insulating material.
  • At least one side surface of the heat-insulating region is convex or concave.
  • the heater and in particular the heating element of the heater is located approximately in a central region of the sensor element, based on the sealing device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a sensor element according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line H-II of Figure 1 and
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a longitudinal section in the region of the heater of the sensor element shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the sensor element 1 in a known manner comprises a main body made up of a plurality of layers 2 a, 2 b made of a solid electrolyte material.
  • the sensor element comprises a heater 3, which comprises a heating element 4, which is embedded in an insulation 5.
  • the sensor element 1 comprises an antechamber 8 and a pump chamber 7, which are separated from one another by a diffusion barrier 9.
  • the structure of the diffusion barrier can be linear, as in the embodiment, or even annular.
  • the sensor element 1 shown schematically in the figures is a lambda probe for determining an oxygen content in exhaust gas, and is designed as a broadband lambda probe.
  • electrodes preferably electrodes with a metallic component, in particular platinum.
  • the thermal mass is also reduced.
  • a heat-insulating region 6 on the side facing away from the pump chamber 7 and the antechamber 8 side.
  • the heat-insulating region 6 is rectangular.
  • the heat-insulating region 6 is filled with air and allows a faster heating of the sensor element in the region of the pump chamber 7 and the antechamber 8, since the heat emitted by the heater 3 down slowly passes through the heat-insulating region 6 to the bottom 10 of the sensor element. As a result, more heat can be conducted to the pump chamber 7 or the prechamber 8.
  • a reduction of the thermal mass can also be achieved by a thin heater foil 2b. As a result, less heat is transferred to the side facing away from the functional areas and more heat is available for the functionally important area of the sensor element.
  • the temperature of the sensor element can be determined.
  • the heater 3 is constructed such that it has a meander-shaped heating element 4.
  • the meander-shaped heating element 4 is formed by a first outer heating region 41, a second outer heating region 42, a first inner heating region 43 and a second inner heating region 44.
  • the first outer heating region 41 and the first inner heating region 43 are connected to one another via a first arcuate heating region 45.
  • the first inner heating area 43 and the second inner heating area 44 are connected to each other via a second arcuate heating area 46.
  • Heating area 44 and the second outer heating area 42 are connected via a third arcuate heating area 47.
  • the heating element 4 is arranged by three meandering Heating loops formed.
  • the connecting regions of the heating element 4 shown in FIG. 3 are identified by reference numbers 48 and 49.
  • the distance between the respective adjacent outer or inner heating regions is substantially the same. Furthermore, the heating areas 41, 42, 43, 44 are essentially formed as straight sections and arranged parallel to each other.
  • a different cross section x * D a of the two outer heating regions 41, 42 relative to the cross section W 515 D 1 of the two inner heating regions 43, 44 is advantageous. This has the goal of controlling the heat flow in such a way that the most uniform possible temperature distribution in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the sensor element is achieved. High temperature gradients are to be avoided, as these result in high mechanical stresses and lead to failure of the sensor element. Only by a uniform heating fast light-off times can be achieved. If there are no restrictions with regard to the width z of the heating area, then the cross section x * D a of the two outer ones is
  • Heating regions 41, 42 smaller than the cross-section W 515 D 1 of the two inner heating regions 43, 44.
  • the widest possible heating range, based on the total width of the sensor element, is advantageous in any case.
  • the different cross sections are achieved by different widths and thicknesses of the heating regions.
  • a width w of the two inner heating regions 43, 44 is greater than a width x of the two outer heating regions 41, 42, wherein the two inner heating regions 43, 44 are arranged below the pump chamber 7 and the antechamber 8.
  • the arrangement of the heat-insulating region 6 below the heater 3 a uniform temperature distribution is achieved. As a result, a very short light-off time of less than 3 seconds can be realized.
  • the two outer heating regions 41, 42 have a thickness Da which is smaller than a thickness Di of the two inner heating regions 43, 44.
  • a distance e between the heater 3 and the heat-insulating region 6 also significantly influences the temperature distribution in the sensor element, since this intermediate, heat-conducting layer to a homogenization of the temperature field contributes.
  • a length r of the heat-insulating region 6 and its distance m from an end face 13 of the sensor element are adapted to the meander-shaped heating element 4.
  • the degree of thermal insulation does not necessarily have to be homogeneous in the heat-insulating region 6.
  • the ratio between the thermal conductivity of the heating foil 2b and the insulation 5 must be between 0.01 to 0.03.
  • the degree of insulation is defined by the choice of material as well as the thickness and optionally the provision of conductive thermal bridges.
  • a thickness f of the heat-insulating region 6 with respect to a total thickness of the heater 3 fulfills the condition f / (e + f + g)> 0.18, where f is also larger than 50 ⁇ m at the same time.
  • a temperature distribution if as much or more heating power drops off at the outer heating regions 41, 42 than at the inner heating regions 43, 44.
  • the cross section over the length of each heating region 41, 42, 43, 44 may additionally vary.
  • the condition v / (s + n + o + p + q) 0.85 to 1.2 is to be fulfilled for the length v of the first and second inner heating regions 43, 44, where s a distance of the pre-chamber 8 from the end face 13, n is a length of Prechamber 8 in the axial direction of the sensor element, o is a distance between the pre-chamber 8 and the pump chamber 7, p is a length of the pump chamber 7 in the axial direction of the sensor element and q is a distance of the pump chamber 7 of the thermal device 12.
  • a sensor element according to the invention can also be constructed such that the lower layer 2b below the heater 3 can be completely dispensed with. An insulation of the heater 3 down then takes place through the gas mixture surrounding the sensor element.
  • the sensor element according to the invention thus has, in comparison with the prior art, a significantly shorter warm-up time until the operating temperature of the sensor element is reached. Furthermore, the sensor element according to the invention has significantly reduced mechanical stresses, so that it has a longer life.
  • Sensor element is particularly preferably used in conjunction with lambda probes, in particular with broadband lambda probes.
  • lambda probes in particular with broadband lambda probes.
  • Table four examples are given, which each have a meandering designed heating element.
  • Example 1 shows a sensor element according to the prior art without heat-insulating area. In example 4, no heat-insulating region 6 is likewise provided.
  • Examples 1 and 4 have significantly higher heating times than Examples 2 and 3, which each have a heat-insulating region 6.
  • the last three lines of the table show the different heat-up times, the maximum principal stresses and the calculated probability of failure in absolute values. It follows that the probability of failure of Example 2 is lowest. As a comparison of Examples 2 and 3 shows, however, is also in providing a heat-insulating Area 6 does not ensure that a minimum probability of default is achieved. In particular, if the maximum principal stresses are very large, this adversely affects the probability of default.
  • Example 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of an optimized design, in which the width z of the heating area relative to the overall width of the sensor element can not be selected to be wider due to production-related boundary conditions.
  • the target is a design as listed in Example 2.
  • the probability of failure can be significantly reduced by broadening the heater. It can be seen from example 3 that, under certain boundary conditions, the cross section x * D a of the two outer heating regions 41, 42 is greater than the cross section W 515 D 1 of the two inner heating regions 43, 44.
  • Example 4 shows an exemplary embodiment without heat-insulating region, in which case the thermal mass of the heater foil (2b) has been reduced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de détection destiné à déterminer une proportion de gaz dans un gaz mesuré, comprenant une première et une deuxième électrodes, un électrolyte solide disposé entre les électrodes, un dispositif (3) de chauffage comprenant un élément (4) chauffant et un isolant (5) entourant l'élément chauffant, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (4) chauffant présente un tracé en forme de méandre avec une première zone (41) chauffante extérieure, une deuxième zone (42) chauffante extérieure, une première zone (43) chauffante intérieure et une deuxième zone (44) chauffante intérieure.
EP07712176A 2006-03-28 2007-02-08 Élement de detection pour determiner une proportion de gaz avec proprietes thermiques ameliorees Withdrawn EP2002252A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006014248A DE102006014248A1 (de) 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Sensorelement zur Bestimmung eines Gasanteils mit verbesserten thermischen Eigenschaften
PCT/EP2007/051216 WO2007110266A1 (fr) 2006-03-28 2007-02-08 Élément de détection pour déterminer une proportion de gaz avec propriétés thermiques améliorées

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2002252A1 true EP2002252A1 (fr) 2008-12-17

Family

ID=37963653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07712176A Withdrawn EP2002252A1 (fr) 2006-03-28 2007-02-08 Élement de detection pour determiner une proportion de gaz avec proprietes thermiques ameliorees

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8580095B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2002252A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009531681A (fr)
DE (1) DE102006014248A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007110266A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103748460A (zh) 2011-08-26 2014-04-23 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于获取测量气体空间中气体的至少一个性能的传感器元件
DE102013204914A1 (de) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Sensor zur Erfassung eines Gasgehalts
JP6350359B2 (ja) * 2014-06-16 2018-07-04 株式会社デンソー ガスセンサ
JP6936068B2 (ja) * 2017-07-26 2021-09-15 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ 空燃比センサ
US20200192984A1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Attendant.Ai, Inc System and Method for Interactive Table Top Ordering in Multiple Languages and Restaurant Management
JP7573575B2 (ja) 2021-08-25 2024-10-25 日本碍子株式会社 センサ素子及びガスセンサ
US12260767B2 (en) 2022-11-15 2025-03-25 Goodrich Corporation Smart aircraft towing system

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DE2909452C2 (de) * 1979-03-10 1986-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrochemischer Meßfühler für die Bestimmung des Sauerstoffgehaltes in Gasen, insbesondere in Abgasen
JPS60259951A (ja) 1984-06-06 1985-12-23 Ngk Insulators Ltd 電気化学的素子
DE4006085A1 (de) * 1990-02-27 1991-08-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensor zur gleichzeitigen bestimmung der zusammensetzung von gasgemischen und der gasgeschwindigkeit
US5309921A (en) * 1992-02-11 1994-05-10 Spectrum Medical Technologies Apparatus and method for respiratory monitoring
JP3314439B2 (ja) * 1993-02-01 2002-08-12 株式会社デンソー 空燃比検知装置
US5895591A (en) * 1994-07-06 1999-04-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater and oxygen sensor
EP0709670A1 (fr) 1994-10-31 1996-05-01 General Motors Corporation Elément chauffant à faible consommation d'énergie
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JP3671109B2 (ja) * 1998-02-19 2005-07-13 日本碍子株式会社 ガスセンサ
JP3855483B2 (ja) * 1998-08-25 2006-12-13 株式会社デンソー 積層型空燃比センサ素子
DE19957991C2 (de) 1999-12-02 2002-01-31 Daimler Chrysler Ag Anordnung einer Heizschicht für einen Hochtemperaturgassensor
DE10042000A1 (de) 2000-08-26 2002-05-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Sensorelement zur Analyse von Gasen
JP2002228626A (ja) 2000-11-30 2002-08-14 Denso Corp ガスセンサ素子
DE102004013852A1 (de) 2004-03-20 2005-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensorelement zur Bestimmung der physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases

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Title
See references of WO2007110266A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007110266A1 (fr) 2007-10-04
US8580095B2 (en) 2013-11-12
US20090308748A1 (en) 2009-12-17
DE102006014248A1 (de) 2007-10-04
JP2009531681A (ja) 2009-09-03

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