EP2012397A2 - Bougie d'allumage et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Bougie d'allumage et son procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2012397A2 EP2012397A2 EP08012086A EP08012086A EP2012397A2 EP 2012397 A2 EP2012397 A2 EP 2012397A2 EP 08012086 A EP08012086 A EP 08012086A EP 08012086 A EP08012086 A EP 08012086A EP 2012397 A2 EP2012397 A2 EP 2012397A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ground electrode
- intermediate piece
- molded part
- welded
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark plug with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1 and of a method with the features specified in the preamble of claim 14.
- a spark plug which has a cylindrical center electrode made of copper with a jacket made of a highly heat-resistant nickel alloy. To increase the life of the center electrode is reinforced with a tip of a precious metal material.
- the EP 1 517 418 A2 discloses alloys of more than 50% by weight of iridium with at least one further metal or metal oxide from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, nickel, tungsten, palladium, ruthenium, rhenium, aluminum, aluminum oxide, yttrium and yttrium oxide.
- the iridium alloy tip is butt welded to the forward end of the base center electrode.
- connection zone By subjecting the connection zone to a laser beam which is passed around the electrode, an alloy is formed in the connection zone, which consists of components of the non-noble center electrode and the electrode tip of the iridium alloy.
- the alloy zone is intended to mitigate thermal stresses resulting from the different thermal expansion coefficients of the iridium alloy and the copper.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion is between about 6 x 10 -6 K -1 and 7 x 10 -6 K -1 for platinum alloys between 9 x 10 -6 K -1 and 11 x 10 -6 K -1 .
- the coefficient of thermal expansion is 16 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 , for nickel-based alloys between 10.5 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 and 14.5 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 .
- the ground electrode of the known spark plug is formed as usual from a flat wire with a rectangular cross-section and consists of a highly heat-resistant nickel-based alloy. It is reinforced with a molding of a platinum alloy with more than 50 wt .-% platinum and with at least one metal from the group iridium, rhodium, nickel, tungsten, palladium, ruthenium and rhenium. As a molding reveals the EP 1 517 418 A2 a blank, which is welded with a laser on the base ground electrode. It is disadvantageous that the non-noble ground electrode has a substantially different shape and arrangement than the center electrode of the spark plug.
- connection zone between the molded part formed from the platinum alloy and the base ground electrode, which projects beyond the molded part from the platinum alloy, is much worse to achieve with a laser beam than the connecting zone between the center electrode and its tip consisting of the iridium alloy.
- an alloying zone covering the entire cross section of the platinum alloy molding, which is formed from the platinum alloy and the nickel-based alloy, is difficult or impossible to achieve.
- this causes the bonding zone between the platinum alloy molding member and the ground electrode to be stressed by thermal stresses more than the bonding zone between the center electrode and its electrode tip formed from an iridium alloy.
- cracking is observed in the junction zone between the ground electrode and the platinum alloy molding, which can lead to premature termination of the spark plug life, until the platinum alloy is removed.
- EP 1 416 599 A2 to provide a 0.2 mm iridium alloy wafer with 40% by weight nickel between the base non-noble electrode and the precious metal alloy molding, which in this case is an iridium alloy or a platinum alloy.
- This disc is first welded by resistance welding to the base ground electrode, which according to the disclosure of EP 1 416 599 A2 as well as the center electrode consists of Inconel 600. Thereafter, a molded article of the iridium or platinum alloy, which is cylindrical and at its one end has a larger diameter flange, welded to this flange by resistance welding on the already welded to the ground electrode disc made of iridium nickel. Thereafter, a laser beam is applied to the connection zone to improve the weld joint.
- the iridium-40% nickel iridium washer provided between the non-noble ground electrode and the iridium or platinum alloy molding achieves the thermal stresses in the junction zone between the Inconel 600 and the IrNi40 disk and the thermal stresses between the IrNi40 and the disk the molding of the nobler iridium or platinum alloy are lower than the thermal stresses between Inconel 600 and the iridium or platinum alloy molding without inserting the IrNi40 disk.
- IrNi40 has a linear thermal expansion coefficient that is between that of the ground electrode and that of the iridium or platinum alloy molding.
- nickel-based alloys particularly, z. Inconel materials, in particular Inconel 600.
- Other well-suited alloys are nickel-based alloys containing 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of silicon, 1.5 to 3% by weight of aluminum, up to 0.5% by weight of manganese and 0.05 to 0.2 wt .-% of titanium in combination with 0.1 to 0.3 wt .-% zirconium and the remainder of nickel, wherein the zirconium may be wholly or partially replaced by the double mass hafnium
- Another suitable nickel-base alloy contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of silicon, 1.5 to 3% by weight of aluminum, up to 0.5% by weight of manganese and 0.005 to 0.2% by weight. Yttrium in combination with 0.05 to 0.3 wt .-% lanthanum and the balance nickel.
- platinum, iridium and their base alloys are particularly suitable platinum, iridium and their base alloys.
- platinum-based alloys are mainly iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, tungsten, nickel and osmium as alloying components into consideration.
- iridium-based alloys are mainly platinum, rhodium, palladium, rhenium and chromium as alloying components into consideration.
- Particularly suitable are iridium-rhodium alloys, in particular iridium with 10 wt .-% rhodium.
- the noble metal materials for the molding may contain small amounts of oxides of one or more of the elements zirconium, yttrium, hafnium, cerium, titanium, magnesium, barium and lanthanum, taken together preferably 0.05 to 1 wt .-%.
- the intermediate piece or a composite part formed from the non-precious intermediate piece and the noble molded part can be connected to the ground electrode in different ways.
- the easiest way is to weld the intermediate piece bluntly onto the base earth electrode.
- Another possibility is to form a blind hole in the ground electrode and insert a formed from the molding and the intermediate piece composite part in the blind hole and to weld, for. B. by electrical resistance welding.
- the provision of a blind hole has the advantage that it determines the position of the precious metal-containing molded part exactly.
- Another possibility is to provide a continuous hole in the base ground electrode and insert the composite part formed from the molded part and the intermediate piece in the through hole, that the intermediate piece on the side facing away from the center electrode of the ground electrode can be welded thereto.
- This can be facilitated by providing the composite part with a head in the manner of a rivet, which is located at the intermediate piece and strikes against the ground electrode when the composite part is inserted into the hole of the ground electrode.
- the noble metal-containing molded part can protrude beyond the edge of the hole in the direction of the center electrode, but can also terminate flush with the surface of the ground electrode facing the center electrode.
- the subject of claim 10 is a method for arming a ground electrode for a spark plug with a body of a base metal material, in which an insulator is mounted, with a center electrode arranged in the insulator, with a ground electrode extending from the body of the spark plug, to which a molded part facing the center electrode is welded, the mass of which consists predominantly of one or more noble metals, and with an intermediate piece provided between the molding and the ground electrode, which is welded on the one hand to the molding and on the other hand to the center electrode.
- the noble metal-containing molded part with which the ground electrode is to be reinforced welded to an intermediate piece of a material whose thermal expansion coefficient is not or at most insignificant deviates from the thermal expansion coefficient of the base ground electrode.
- the composite part formed from the molded part and the intermediate piece is then welded to the base base electrode.
- the welding to the ground electrode can, as already explained above, be done so that the composite part is butt welded to the ground electrode. This can be done by electrical resistance welding.
- the resistance welding is preferably supplemented by a subsequent laser welding in order to produce a pronounced fusion structure at least in the edge region of the welding zone.
- the composite part is welded into a blind hole, this is preferably done by electrical resistance welding. If the composite part is welded into a through hole of the ground electrode, then the welded connection preferably takes place on the side of the ground electrode facing away from the center electrode, specifically by laser welding.
- the ground electrode usually consists of a profile wire with a rectangular profile, from which a straight section is separated and welded to the body of the spark plug. Only then is the ground electrode bent towards the center electrode.
- the composite part, with which the ground electrode is to be reinforced, is preferably welded to the ground electrode as long as the ground electrode is not yet bent towards the center electrode, but is still straight. This considerably facilitates the welding of the composite part to the ground electrode.
- the molded part and the intermediate piece are first provisionally connected to each other and then welded by means of a laser.
- Preliminary bonding can be accomplished by butting them together by electrical resistance welding.
- Another possibility is to butt the molded part and the intermediate piece by cold welding, for. B. by friction welding or by compression with simultaneous increase in diameter by upsetting. Electrical resistance welding and cold welding are known per se as a method of making bimetallic contact rivets.
- a composite part is formed by provisionally connecting the molded part to the intermediate piece, its connecting zone can be processed by laser welding in such a way that an alloy zone is formed which extends over the entire cross section of the composite part.
- the composite part is expediently rotated about its own longitudinal axis, while its connection zone is located in the area of action of the laser beam and is hit all around by the laser beam.
- the molded part and the intermediate piece can be cut off from a wire-shaped semifinished product and then joined together. But it is also possible to provisionally connect two wire-shaped semi-finished products at their ends first and only then to cut them off from the respective semi-finished product and to additionally weld them with a laser. Finally, it is possible to provisionally cut off a semifinished product, predominantly made of precious metal existing molding with the end of a base wire-shaped semi-finished product and only then to separate the composite part from the base semi-finished product. The latter approach is preferred.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007031941 | 2007-07-06 | ||
| DE102007052266.7A DE102007052266B4 (de) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-11-02 | Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2012397A2 true EP2012397A2 (fr) | 2009-01-07 |
| EP2012397A3 EP2012397A3 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
| EP2012397B1 EP2012397B1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=39800684
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08012086.8A Active EP2012397B1 (fr) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-07-04 | Bougie d'allumage et son procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2012397B1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010027463A1 (de) | 2010-07-17 | 2012-01-19 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US9368943B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-06-14 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Company | Spark plug having multi-layer sparking component attached to ground electrode |
| DE102015107998A1 (de) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-08-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US12027826B2 (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2024-07-02 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Llc | Spark plug |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6094000A (en) | 1995-06-15 | 2000-07-25 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
| EP1049222A1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Procédé de fabrication de bougie d'allumage et bougie d'allumage |
| EP1341282A2 (fr) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Méthode de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage |
| EP1376791A1 (fr) | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-02 | NGK Spark Plug Company Limited | Bougie d'allumage et sa méthode de fabrication |
| EP1416599A2 (fr) | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Bougie d'allumage et sa méthode de fabrication |
| EP1517418A2 (fr) | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-23 | Denso Corporation | Bougie d'allumage à haute performance et à longue durée de vie |
| JP2005203110A (ja) | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | スパークプラグの製造方法およびスパークプラグ |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10252736B4 (de) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-09-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerze |
| JP4230202B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2009-02-25 | 株式会社デンソー | スパークプラグおよびその製造方法 |
| JP4219260B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2009-02-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ及びその製造方法 |
-
2008
- 2008-07-04 EP EP08012086.8A patent/EP2012397B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6094000A (en) | 1995-06-15 | 2000-07-25 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
| EP1049222A1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Procédé de fabrication de bougie d'allumage et bougie d'allumage |
| EP1341282A2 (fr) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Méthode de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage |
| EP1376791A1 (fr) | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-02 | NGK Spark Plug Company Limited | Bougie d'allumage et sa méthode de fabrication |
| EP1416599A2 (fr) | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Bougie d'allumage et sa méthode de fabrication |
| EP1517418A2 (fr) | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-23 | Denso Corporation | Bougie d'allumage à haute performance et à longue durée de vie |
| JP2005203110A (ja) | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | スパークプラグの製造方法およびスパークプラグ |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010027463A1 (de) | 2010-07-17 | 2012-01-19 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US9368943B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-06-14 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Company | Spark plug having multi-layer sparking component attached to ground electrode |
| DE102015107998A1 (de) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-08-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US12027826B2 (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2024-07-02 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Llc | Spark plug |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2012397B1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 |
| EP2012397A3 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
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