EP2020267A1 - Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire - Google Patents

Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2020267A1
EP2020267A1 EP07015302A EP07015302A EP2020267A1 EP 2020267 A1 EP2020267 A1 EP 2020267A1 EP 07015302 A EP07015302 A EP 07015302A EP 07015302 A EP07015302 A EP 07015302A EP 2020267 A1 EP2020267 A1 EP 2020267A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
stop
rod element
reshaped
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07015302A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2020267B1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knieper Ursula
Original Assignee
Knieper Ursula
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knieper Ursula filed Critical Knieper Ursula
Priority to DE502007006195T priority Critical patent/DE502007006195D1/de
Priority to AT07015302T priority patent/ATE494087T1/de
Priority to EP07015302A priority patent/EP2020267B1/fr
Publication of EP2020267A1 publication Critical patent/EP2020267A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2020267B1 publication Critical patent/EP2020267B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/025—Stamping using rigid devices or tools for tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
    • B21D41/02—Enlarging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/12—Shaping end portions of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K23/00—Making other articles
    • B21K23/04—Making other articles flanged articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a tube and / or rod element, in which a forming tool has a first die and a second die.
  • a forming tool has a first die and a second die.
  • the tube and / or the rod element between the first die and the second die is plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which in a particularly simple and reliable way wrinkle-free thickening on a pipe / rod element can be produced without cutting.
  • almost any beads and flanges can be produced on the tube / rod element by means of the method.
  • It is intended to provide a variety of different geometries for forming a pipe end, such as thick end flanges or thin-walled large diameter flanges, thickening for the application of face or radial gears, knurling and the like or reinforcements for welding Levers and the like.
  • a free end of the tube and / or rod element between the first die and the second die plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs, in particular widened funnel-shaped, wherein during the Axialpressvorgangs from a outside of a reshaped portion of the pipe and / or rod member material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or to the expansion zone and / or shortens the area to be reshaped in the axial direction under wall thickening becomes.
  • a targeted Nachschieben material from the non-deformed region of the pipe and / or rod element or from outside the expansion zone can compensate for a shrinkage of the wall thickness;
  • a shrinkage of the wall thickness can be compensated by simultaneously shortening or compressing the expansion zone, wherein both effects are also used in combination. It is advantageous that the material is evenly distributed over the circumference, so that a constant wall thickness can be achieved despite expanded shape with increased diameter. This allows in a subsequent second process step, a further deformation of the expansion zone in an almost arbitrarily configurable final shape, such. B. in a stepped end flange, because in such a second method step thus comparatively low degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • the feeding of the material to the area to be reshaped is accomplished by means of a tube and / or rod member receiving inside the mandrel, which moves during the expansion process in the direction of the second die, and has a corresponding surface structure, by means of which Material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or the current expansion zone.
  • a mandrel is usually present to center the tube and / or rod element in the die or to support it on the inside. It is very easy, therefore, the surface of the spine with a appropriate structure so as to accomplish the Nachschieben the material in the expansion zone.
  • the mandrel has a rough surface structure. It is also possible, in addition to or instead of the rough surface structure of the mandrel, to provide one or more grooves and / or grooves and / or beads and / or grooves, knurls or the like on the mandrel.
  • the Nachschieben accomplished via a movable first stop, the end of a recorded in the first die end of the pipe and / or rod element during the expansion process moved towards the second die.
  • a second stop is provided on the second die, on which the area of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped can be supported on the face side.
  • the second stop is preferably designed such that it includes an angle with an axis of symmetry of the pipe and / or rod member which is smaller than 90 °.
  • the stop has an approximately funnel-shaped stop surface.
  • a stop comprises at least one pressure element which is mounted so as to be movable relative to the second die and which supports the region of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped at least in sections on the face side.
  • the pressure element is preferably designed to be interchangeable and can be brought into different positions relative to the second die. It is particularly advantageous to provide a plurality of pressure elements, preferably arranged in an annular configuration, whose positions are individually and independently adjustable from the second die.
  • the pressure element is designed to be adjustable by means of a spring and / or a externally actuated drive.
  • Particularly suitable drives are hydraulically and / or electrically operated machines which, if appropriate, can also be controlled via a processor unit in such a way that their position and / or the applied force and / or the displacement speed can be set in a predetermined manner.
  • a sensor element is provided, which at least indirectly detects the degree of deformation in the region to be formed, transmits information to the processor unit, so that a control of position and / or applied force and / or displacement speed of the pressure element can be made via the processor unit.
  • a third stop is provided on the second die on which the reshaped Area of the pipe and / or rod element is frontally supported, wherein the third stop at least partially engages in the pipe and / or rod member and occupies an angle of approximately 90 ° with the second stop.
  • the third stop has a tapered stop surface, which slides along an inner surface of the pipe and / or rod element during the axial pressing process.
  • the tube and / or rod element by means of a second Axialpressvorgangs provided for shaping third die, which engages the particular funnel-shaped flared or preformed end, this formed into its final shape.
  • the deformed region can assume a final shape, which comprises a flange of almost any design, which in turn has thickenings for applying frontal or radial toothings, knurls and the like or for applying reinforcements for welding levers and the like.
  • This can be in a simple manner, a versatile technology for producing radial thickening at a pipe and / or rod end provide that can open up a wide range of applications, such as in the automotive sector, for.
  • transmission shafts drive shafts, camshafts, chassis parts or in construction and pipeline technology.
  • the pipe and / or rod element (R) is heated at least locally before or during an axial pressing process.
  • Material-dependent temperatures in a range around the recrystallization temperature of the material come into consideration.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the plastic, non-cutting forming of a tubular element R or a rod element, to whose implementation a forming tool 1 is provided.
  • the design of the forming tool 1 according to the Fig. 1 to 4 is preferably approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis Z executed.
  • the tube element R which in the Fig. 1 to 4 is shown.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of a tubular element R, but it can also be transferred to a rod member with a particular hollow end portion.
  • the forming tool 1 comprises a first die 2 and a second die 4 and a mandrel 3.
  • the forming tool 1 is associated with at least one pressing tool and preferably a heating device in the form of an induction heater.
  • the first die 2 and the second die 4 are each preferably designed as a substantially annular, undivided component.
  • the first die 2 may optionally be divided into individual ring segments or the like.
  • the first die 2 is designed in such a way that a tubular element R inserted in the region of a section A1 is surrounded with a precise fit or with a small clearance.
  • the tubular element R is also guided on the mandrel 3.
  • the mandrel 3 is designed as a substantially circular cylindrical component and connected to a pressing tool, not shown.
  • the mandrel is designed as a hexagon with an approximately constant hexagonal cross-section in the axial direction.
  • the mandrel is provided with an arbitrary polygonal cross-section or the like, while the tubular element may have a corresponding one Internal cross section or have a circular inner cross section, the latter being adaptable to the contour of the mandrel in the course of the forming process.
  • the force applied by the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P1.
  • the mandrel 3 is designed such that it is surrounded by the pipe element R used in the forming tool 1 accurately or with little play.
  • the tubular element R is received in about half of its axial extension in the first die 2 and abuts the front side at an end 6 shown on the left in the figures with a first end face 7 to a first stop 8 designed as a shoulder within the first die 2.
  • the pipe end 9, 9 ' is processed by forming both in a first and in a second process step; It therefore forms a region 10 to be reshaped, which starts from a part 11 of the tubular element R running parallel to the Z-axis and ends at an end section 21 (second end face) projecting from the end face.
  • the deformed state of the pipe end 9 after the first process step is in the Fig. 1 represented accordingly by solid lines.
  • the second die 4 is then moved in the direction of the first die 2 with the aid of a pressing tool (not shown).
  • This Axialpressvorgang with the help of the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P2.
  • the first die 2 serves as a counter-holder to the second die 4, which thus has the function of a Stamp takes over.
  • the tubular element R between the first die 2 and mandrel 3 is immovably clamped. Such a fixation is favored by means of a significant surface roughness on the first die 2 and mandrel 3.
  • the movement of the second die 4 leads to a deformation or compression of the projecting from the first die 2 pipe end 9 by an approximately frusto-conical third stop 19 of the second die with a conical (or alternatively parabolic, spherical, elliptical, etc.) stop surface 20th pushes into the pipe end 9.
  • the pipe end 9 is funnel-shaped, spherical segment-shaped, elliptical, parabolic or similar geometry (not necessarily rotationally symmetric) expanded.
  • An included between the axis Z and the pipe end 9 and the tapered abutment surface 20 angle ⁇ is presently about 45 °.
  • the abutment surface is formed of at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a smaller angle ⁇ 1 and a second rear section has a larger angle ⁇ 2 to the axis Z.
  • the abutment surface is formed from at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a larger angle ⁇ 1 and a second rear section has a smaller angle ⁇ 2 to the axis Z.
  • the stop surface 20 has an increased surface roughness, which promotes compression of the region 10 to be reshaped.
  • transverse grooves, knurls, nubs, notches or other surface structures in the abutment surface 20 in order to likewise achieve adhesion of material with a simultaneous compression effect.
  • the second die 4 abuts in a manner not shown with a second stop 23 frontally against the end portion 21 of the tubular element, wherein a funnel-shaped stop surface 22 approximately at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° with the axis of symmetry Z of the tubular element has and is aligned approximately parallel to the narrow end face of the area to be reshaped 10.
  • the funnel-shaped abutment surface 22 is also also approximately at right angles to the conical abutment surface 20, so that the second stop 23 and third stop 19 cooperatively form an annular groove with preferably V-shaped cross section, in which the end portion 21 of the tubular member is received and supported.
  • the area 10 to be reshaped is compressed and shortened in the axial direction Z and / or parallel to the wall of the area to be reshaped 10 when the second die 4, together with the end portion 21, is moved in the direction of the first die 2.
  • the end-face shape of the tubular element R is defined in the region of its end portion 21 by the stops 19, 23 until the end of the first method step.
  • the mandrel 3 Before the second process step of the forming is to take place, is complementary during the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and preferably at the same time provided, nachzuschieben from an outside of the reshaped portion 10 of the tubular element R section, such as the parallel to the axis Z extending part 11 of the tubular element R, material to be reshaped in the second step 10 area. For this purpose, it is provided to move the mandrel 3 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process. In order to obtain a transport of tube element material or material to the reshaping region 10 by means of the mandrel 3, the mandrel 3 has a special surface structure for this purpose, which leads to a "entrainment effect" of the tube element material or the material within the tube manure.
  • an outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3 which contacts the tubular element R is designed to be correspondingly rough.
  • a corresponding movement of the mandrel 3 then leads to material transport in the expansion phase in the direction of the pipe end 9.
  • the mandrel 3 can be formed completely and at least partially along its axial extent with a rough outer surface 15. Due to the transport of material, the shrinkage of the pipe wall 9 or the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion advantageously can be completely compensated. It is also possible to obtain a certain accumulation of material 12 at the pipe end 9, which is advantageous for the subsequent forming process of the area 10 to be formed.
  • the outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3 can be provided with a circumferential groove 14, with a plurality of grooves and / or notches, nubs, knurls or the like.
  • material can first fill out the groove 14 in order subsequently to entrain further material in the direction of the pipe end 9, as it were.
  • the groove 14 is, for example, axially out of the outer surface 15 approximately in the middle of the tubular element R on the mandrel 3, so that there is still enough room for a displacement of the mandrel 3 to the right to the second die 4 during the expansion phase.
  • the displacement speed of the mandrel must be selected accordingly.
  • the displacement of the mandrel 3 can be continuous or in several short intervals.
  • FIG. 2 Another possibility to effect a material transport in the direction of the pipe end 9 is in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the end face 7 at the left end 6 of the tubular element R is covered by a ring or sleeve 17 at the front.
  • An in Fig. 1 fixed stop 8 within the first die 2 is replaced by the sleeve 17.
  • a pressing tool not shown in more detail, in addition to the counter-force generation for the second die 4 applied punching force P2 for expanding the pipe end 9 also a P2 the axial force P1 exceeding the counter force P2 can be applied, so as to obtain a movable stop 8 '.
  • the movable stop 8 'or a brief or prolonged displacement of the sleeve 17 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process then leads to a displacement of material in the direction of the tube end 9.
  • Such a material shift thus produced acts on the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion of the Pipe end 9 opposite and possibly leads to excess material 12 at the pipe end 9.
  • the formed by the sleeve 17 movable stop 8 'with the measures for material transport according to Fig. 1 in particular with the rough surface structure of the mandrel 3 and / or the groove 14, etc. to combine.
  • another pressing tool attacking the mandrel 3 would then be providable.
  • a third, modified embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 3 is in the area of the second stop 23 an arrangement of a plurality of separate printing elements 24 is provided.
  • the pressure elements 24 preferably surround the second die 4 in an annular manner and are preferably mounted on the second die 4 so as to be movable relative thereto.
  • a stop surface 22 ' is provided, which can be pressed against the pipe end 9 analogous to the above-described funnel-shaped stop surface 22.
  • the pressure elements 24 are arranged displaceably guided parallel to the conical abutment surface 20, wherein at least one pressure element 24 is assigned a spring 25 whose spring force can press the pressure element 24 against the (partially formed) tube end 9.
  • the spring 25 may be configured as a non-adjustable (mechanical) spring. More preferably, the spring is mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically adjustable.
  • the drive element 26 can be controlled via a separate control device (eg, NC computer unit), not shown, wherein, for example, a position profile, a force curve, and / or a speed profile of at least one pressure element 24 are stored in the control device for the time of execution of the method step.
  • a position profile, a force curve, and / or a speed profile of at least one pressure element 24 are stored in the control device for the time of execution of the method step.
  • are stored for several printing elements 24 a plurality of possibly different position, force and / or speed curves.
  • a time-varying spring characteristic can also be stored.
  • a common drive element 26 is associated with a plurality of printing elements.
  • the drive element 26 acts impulsively or intermittently on an associated pressure element 24, so that this presses several times briefly during the forming process with pulsating and decongesting force against the pipe end 9.
  • the forming process can be particularly well adapted to the effect that a maximum possible upset of the pipe end 9 can be achieved, which is achievable without wrinkling in the area to be formed 10. Finally, it is also to deviate from a rotationally symmetrical shape by different pressure elements are controlled differently. Even and especially with pulsed pressing operations (even on individual printing elements), high or locally high degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • measured values can additionally be detected via a sensor unit in a manner not shown on the forming tool 1, which in particular make it possible to draw conclusions about the degree of deformation of the tubular element R.
  • the control device calculates a control variable of at least one pressure element 24 and / or at least one spring 25.
  • position, spring state and / or speed of the pressure elements 24 are dependent (via control device and drive element) adjustable or adjustable by the forming process.
  • Fig. 4 is the final shape of the indicated by dashed lines, flared pipe end 9 shown, which then has, for example, the form of a stepped flange, which is thickened wrinkle-free.
  • a second method step is provided, which consists in bringing the pipe end 9 expanded after the first method step into its final shape which bears against the first die 2.
  • a third die 5 is provided, which now imprints the bent pipe end 9 in any shape as a punch, possibly in the same clamping of the tubular element R. It is advantageous if the pipe end 9 has an accumulation of material 12 in order to produce certain end shapes with sufficient material at certain points.
  • Conceivable for the end piece 9 and the final shape are in addition to the illustrated stepped shape and thick end flanges or thin-walled flanges with a large diameter.
  • the tail can also have thickening for the application of frontal or radial gears, knurls, etc. and reinforcements for welding levers and so on.
  • corresponding profilings on the third die 5 can be provided.
  • the pipe element R To realize the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and to reshape into its final shape by means of the third die 5, it is provided to heat the pipe element R locally in its end region 9, 10 or in total by means of the heater to a temperature of for example about 700 ° C. and quickly insert into the forming tool 1.
  • the forming process can always be performed cold, warm or warm.
  • the tubular element R can be acted upon by a temperature profile that at different, axially and / or radially from each other spaced locations of the tubular element R provides different temperatures.
  • the inventive method can spanless and wrinkle-free particularly wide, d. H. create in the axial direction and possibly also in the radial direction extensive thickening of pipe and / or rod elements. Such thickenings are particularly stable under dynamic loads of a machine element produced in this way and can be produced with high accuracy.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of hollow or partially hollow shafts or the like. Possible applications are in the automotive sector, eg. As in transmission shafts, drive shafts, camshafts, suspension parts, but also in construction and pipeline engineering in general.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
EP07015302A 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire Not-in-force EP2020267B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502007006195T DE502007006195D1 (de) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Verfahren zum Umformen eines Rohrelements
AT07015302T ATE494087T1 (de) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Verfahren zum umformen eines rohrelements
EP07015302A EP2020267B1 (fr) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07015302A EP2020267B1 (fr) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2020267A1 true EP2020267A1 (fr) 2009-02-04
EP2020267B1 EP2020267B1 (fr) 2011-01-05

Family

ID=38792042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07015302A Not-in-force EP2020267B1 (fr) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Procédé de formage d' un élément tubulaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2020267B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE494087T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007006195D1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE459237A (fr) *
US3487196A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-12-30 Hasenclever Ag Maschf Die for electrical upsetting
SU575157A1 (ru) * 1976-04-26 1977-10-05 Уральский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности Устройство дл отбортовки трубных изделий
JPH09262623A (ja) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp 管材のフランジ成形方法
JPH10216893A (ja) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-18 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 管材のフランジ加工装置及びその方法
DE10064376A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Schmittersysco Gmbh Rohr-Umformverfahren und -Umformvorrichtung zum Wandaufdicken
DE102005050946A1 (de) * 2005-10-22 2007-04-26 IFUTEC Ingenieurbüro für Umformtechnik GmbH Verfahren zum Umformen eines Rohrelements

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE459237A (fr) *
US3487196A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-12-30 Hasenclever Ag Maschf Die for electrical upsetting
SU575157A1 (ru) * 1976-04-26 1977-10-05 Уральский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности Устройство дл отбортовки трубных изделий
JPH09262623A (ja) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp 管材のフランジ成形方法
JPH10216893A (ja) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-18 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 管材のフランジ加工装置及びその方法
DE10064376A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Schmittersysco Gmbh Rohr-Umformverfahren und -Umformvorrichtung zum Wandaufdicken
DE102005050946A1 (de) * 2005-10-22 2007-04-26 IFUTEC Ingenieurbüro für Umformtechnik GmbH Verfahren zum Umformen eines Rohrelements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE494087T1 (de) 2011-01-15
EP2020267B1 (fr) 2011-01-05
DE502007006195D1 (de) 2011-02-17

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