EP2022966A2 - Drucküberwachungssystem - Google Patents

Drucküberwachungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2022966A2
EP2022966A2 EP08009371A EP08009371A EP2022966A2 EP 2022966 A2 EP2022966 A2 EP 2022966A2 EP 08009371 A EP08009371 A EP 08009371A EP 08009371 A EP08009371 A EP 08009371A EP 2022966 A2 EP2022966 A2 EP 2022966A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
monitoring system
combustion chamber
combustion
pressure monitoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08009371A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2022966A3 (de
Inventor
Alessandro Catanese
Filippo Parisi
Eugenio Pisoni
Claudio Monferrato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Original Assignee
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Publication of EP2022966A2 publication Critical patent/EP2022966A2/de
Publication of EP2022966A3 publication Critical patent/EP2022966A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F02D35/024—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F02D2041/281—Interface circuits between sensors and control unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/14—Timing of measurement, e.g. synchronisation of measurements to the engine cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure monitoring system for monitoring pressure in the combustion chambers of a combustion engine.
  • a combustion phase is only a short portion of the overall operating cycle, but during this portion, since the pressure varies very fast, pressure samples must be obtained at a high rate and must be associated to precisely determined crankshaft angles.
  • the pressure sensors In order to provide precise data at a high engine speed, the pressure sensors must allow for a high sampling rate, and for processing the high data rates provided by these sensors, powerful analog-digital converter circuitry and a considerable amount of buffer storage is needed. Further, it was observed that the high-speed, high-pressure sensors used in conventional pressure monitoring systems have a rather low signal-noise ratio at the close to atmospheric pressures, which prevail in the combustion chambers during a major portion of their operating cycle.
  • the object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a pressure monitoring system capable of acquiring high quality pressure data using simple, economic circuitry.
  • Another object is to provide a pressure monitoring system which is capable of providing low noise pressure data both at high and low pressure levels.
  • a pressure monitoring system for a combustion engine comprising a plurality of combustion chambers and a pressure sensor associated to each combustion chamber, and characterized in that a multiplexer has inputs connected to at least the first one and a second one of said pressure sensors, a non-zero phase shift existing between the operating cycles of first and second ones of the combustion chambers associated to said first and second pressure sensors, and a controller for controlling the multiplexer to output data from the first pressure sensor while the first combustion chamber is in a predetermined portion of its operating cycle and pressure data from the second pressure sensor while the second combustion chamber is in said predetermined portion of its operating cycle.
  • the predetermined portion of the operating cycle is set so as to include the most significant portion of the operating cycle, namely the combustion phase, the amount of data which has to be converted and processed in the monitoring system is reduced considerably, so that simple and economic data acquisition circuitry may be used.
  • the predetermined portion of the operating cycle may include the instant of injecting the fuel.
  • Phases in which intake or exhaust valves of a combustion chamber are open will not be included in the predetermined portion, since in these phases the pressure can safely be assumed to be deterministically related to the pressure in an intake manifold or an exhaust system of the engine and to be close to atmospheric pressure.
  • a precise, automatic synchronization of the pressure monitoring system and the operation of the combustion engine is achieved by adapting the controller to determine a pressure maximum among data output by one of said pressure sensors and to carry out an adjustment of the beginning and/or the end of said predetermined portion of the operating cycle so that the pressure maximum is detected at a predetermined location of said predetermined portion.
  • the controller is preferably adapted to carry out said adjustment based only on data obtained in a combustion-free operating cycle.
  • an analog-to-digital converter is connected to an output of the multiplexer.
  • one such converter can be used to convert pressure data from a plurality of sensors according to a time division multiplex scheme.
  • a buffer memory for temporarily storing sequences of pressure data from the combustion chambers is preferably connected to an output of said multiplexer.
  • each pressure sensor is triggered to sample the pressure in its associated combustion chamber at predetermined crankshaft angles.
  • a buffer memory should be adapted to store each pressure sample in association to its respective crankshaft angle.
  • a pressure monitoring system for a combustion engine comprising a plurality of combustion chambers and a pressure sensor associated to each combustion chamber, preferably as defined above, which comprises calculating means for calculating the pressure in any of said combustion chambers while said combustion chamber is between the predetermined portions of two operating cycles.
  • the signal-noise ratio of a pressure signal from the sensors tends to be rather poor if the pressure is low, so that it is possible to replace this pressure signal by calculated data without thereby necessarily reducing the quality of the pressure data.
  • Calculation of pressure and data in an interval between said two predetermined portions is preferably based on at least one pressure sample taken during the preceding predetermined portion and/or at least one pressure sample taken during the subsequent predetermined portion.
  • Calculation of the pressure in a combustion chamber outside the predetermined portion of the operating cycle is preferably based on the assumption that pV ⁇ is a constant, wherein p is the pressure in the combustion chamber, V is the volume thereof and ⁇ is an adiabatic coefficient, e. g. of air, of air/fuel mixture or of exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts a four stroke combustion engine 1 having four combustion chambers 2 in which pistons 3 reciprocate so as to drive a crankshaft 4.
  • An operating cycle of each combustion chamber 2 corresponds to two rotations of the crankshaft 4.
  • the operating cycles of the combustion chambers 2 are phase-shifted with respect to each other by a quarter of a cycle, corresponding to a 180° degree rotation of crankshaft 4.
  • a pressure sensor 5 is provided in each combustion chamber 2. Analog pressure signals from the pressure sensors 5 are applied to inputs of an analog multiplexer 7 via anti-aliasing filters 6. The multiplexer 7 selects a pressure signal from one of the sensors 5 and forwards it to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 8. The ADC 8 is triggered to take samples from the pressure signal by an interface circuit 9, which also receives the pressure samples digitised by ADC 8.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • a crankshaft angle sensor 10 detects the orientation of crankshaft 4 by sensing teeth of a toothed wheel 11 mounted on crankshaft 4.
  • the toothed wheel 11 may have e. g. 60 teeth, so that the crankshaft angle sensor 10 emits detection pulses at a rate of 60 per revolution of the crankshaft 4.
  • the sampling rate of the ADC 8 is higher than the pulse rate of the angle sensor 10 by a factor of e. g. 8.
  • the interface circuit 9 comprises a tuneable oscillator, e. g. a phase-locked loop 12, which is coupled to the angle sensor 10 so as to oscillate at e.g. n times the pulse rate of the angle sensor 10, n being an integer, e.g. 8, and a control logic 13 for compensating fluctuations of the crankshaft speed.
  • a counter 14 counts pulses from angle sensor 10 and, based on this count, controls multiplexer 7 to switch over the pressure sensor 5 connected to ADC 8 twice per revolution of the crankshaft 4.
  • each of the four pressure sensors 5 is periodically connected to the ADC for a time period corresponding to a 180° degree rotation of the crankshaft 4.
  • the period in which each pressure sensor 5 is connected to the ADC 8 comprises a rising period of its piston 3, in which air which has previously being sucked into the combustion chamber 2 is compressed, ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 2 and the subsequent expanding stroke of the piston 3. So the sensor 5 from which the samples output from ADC 8 to buffer 15 originate changes four times per crankshaft revolution, the sampled data of each combustion chamber 2 being representative of that quarter of its operating cycle in which the combustion takes place.
  • the counter 14 has a control input connected to the output side of buffer 15. If no combustion is taking place in the cylinders, the counter detects a maximum in the pressure data output from buffer 15 and the crankshaft angle associated to this maximum. While there is no combustion, this pressure maximum will correspond to the top dead centre position of the piston 3 associated to sensor 5. If necessary, the counter adapts the timing of the switchover between two sensors 5 such that the pressure maximum from a given sensor 5 is always detected at a predetermined location of the crankshaft angle interval in which the pressure signal from this sensor 5 is sampled by ADC 8. This crankshaft angle interval may e.g. range from 70° before to 120° after top dead centre position of the piston 3.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 differs from the one of Fig. 1 essentially in the structure of the buffer memory 15. While the buffer 15 in Fig. 1 had a FIFO structure, the embodiment of Fig. 2 comprises a dual gate RAM divided into four portions, each of which is associated to one of the combustion chambers 2. Data from the ADC 8 are input into buffer 15 at an address, the most significant bits of which are generated by the counter 14, and the less significant bits of which are representative of the crankshaft angle. In this way, the sampled data from the ADC 8 corresponding to one of the pressure sensors 5 are stored in a portion 18 of the buffer 15 associated to said sensor 5.
  • the processor 16 accedes some the stored samples, as described above, for calculating the pressure before and after each sampling period and writes this data back into the remainder of each portion 18 of buffer 15. In this way, an external host, not shown, can accede to pressure data for each combustion chamber 2 and any crankshaft angle at any time in buffer 15.
  • the above embodiments referred only to engines having four combustion chambers, it is readily apparent that the invention is applicable to any engine having at least two combustion chambers. If the number of combustion chambers in the engine is six or more, it may be preferable to divide the combustion chambers of the engine into two or more groups (the number of groups being less than the number of combustion chambers) and to associate one multiplexer and one ADC to each group.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
EP08009371A 2007-08-06 2008-05-21 Drucküberwachungssystem Withdrawn EP2022966A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITAO20070589 2007-08-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2022966A2 true EP2022966A2 (de) 2009-02-11
EP2022966A3 EP2022966A3 (de) 2009-08-26

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Family Applications (1)

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EP08009371A Withdrawn EP2022966A3 (de) 2007-08-06 2008-05-21 Drucküberwachungssystem

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2022966A3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010124758A1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Method for estimating the pressure prevailing in an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and method of controlling an internal combustion engine
EP2381082A1 (de) * 2010-04-20 2011-10-26 Kwang Yang Motor Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Betriebs eines Einspritzmotors
CN102472196A (zh) * 2010-02-16 2012-05-23 丰田自动车株式会社 内燃机的缸内压力估计装置
WO2015022278A1 (de) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Universell einsetzbare steuer- und auswerteeinheit insbesondere zum betrieb einer lambdasonde

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6025434A (ja) * 1983-07-22 1985-02-08 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンのクランク角検出装置
US5076098A (en) 1990-02-21 1991-12-31 Nissan Motor Company, Limited System for detecting combustion state in internal combustion engine
US5632412A (en) 1995-05-01 1997-05-27 Eastman Kodak Company Valve assembly and method for dispensing gelatinous materials

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2711185B1 (fr) * 1993-10-12 1996-01-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole Système d'acquisition et de traitement instantané de données pour le contrôle d'un moteur à combustion interne.
JP4033138B2 (ja) * 2004-02-04 2008-01-16 株式会社デンソー 燃焼圧信号処理装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6025434A (ja) * 1983-07-22 1985-02-08 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンのクランク角検出装置
US5076098A (en) 1990-02-21 1991-12-31 Nissan Motor Company, Limited System for detecting combustion state in internal combustion engine
US5632412A (en) 1995-05-01 1997-05-27 Eastman Kodak Company Valve assembly and method for dispensing gelatinous materials

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010124758A1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Method for estimating the pressure prevailing in an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and method of controlling an internal combustion engine
GB2469826B (en) * 2009-04-29 2012-11-21 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Method for estimating the pressure prevailing in an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine and method of controlling an internal combustion engine
CN102472196A (zh) * 2010-02-16 2012-05-23 丰田自动车株式会社 内燃机的缸内压力估计装置
EP2538063A4 (de) * 2010-02-16 2013-03-13 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Zylinderinterne druckmessvorrichtung für einen verbrennungsmotor
CN102472196B (zh) * 2010-02-16 2013-11-27 丰田自动车株式会社 内燃机的缸内压力估计装置
EP2381082A1 (de) * 2010-04-20 2011-10-26 Kwang Yang Motor Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Betriebs eines Einspritzmotors
WO2015022278A1 (de) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Universell einsetzbare steuer- und auswerteeinheit insbesondere zum betrieb einer lambdasonde
CN105452636A (zh) * 2013-08-15 2016-03-30 罗伯特·博世有限公司 可普遍使用的尤其用于运行λ探测器的控制与分析处理单元
US9850844B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2017-12-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Universal control and evaluation unit particularly for operation of a lambda probe

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