EP2038073A2 - Procédé de production de peintures multicouche de couleur et/ou à effet décoratif - Google Patents

Procédé de production de peintures multicouche de couleur et/ou à effet décoratif

Info

Publication number
EP2038073A2
EP2038073A2 EP07785874A EP07785874A EP2038073A2 EP 2038073 A2 EP2038073 A2 EP 2038073A2 EP 07785874 A EP07785874 A EP 07785874A EP 07785874 A EP07785874 A EP 07785874A EP 2038073 A2 EP2038073 A2 EP 2038073A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
color
effect
powder dispersion
coating material
transparent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07785874A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Baumgart
Berthold Austrup
Michael Richert
Egon Wegner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Coatings GmbH
Original Assignee
BASF Coatings GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF Coatings GmbH filed Critical BASF Coatings GmbH
Publication of EP2038073A2 publication Critical patent/EP2038073A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/53—Base coat plus clear coat type
    • B05D7/534—Base coat plus clear coat type the first layer being let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
    • C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
    • C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F290/067—Polyurethanes; Polyureas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4263—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing carboxylic acid groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/03—Powdery paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/36—Pearl essence, e.g. coatings containing platelet-like pigments for pearl lustre
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/10—Metallic substrate based on Fe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel process for producing multicoat color and / or effect paint systems.
  • a process for producing multicoat color and / or effect paint systems in which a color and / or effect basecoat material and a clearcoat material which can be cured by the free radical polymerization is known from German Patent Application DE 197 36 083 A1.
  • radical polymerization is carried out with compounds containing olefinically unsaturated double bonds.
  • the radical polymerization can be initiated and maintained thermally or with actinic radiation.
  • electromagnetic radiation such as near infrared (NIR), visible light, UV radiation, X-rays or gamma rays, in particular UV radiation, or corpuscular radiation, such as electron radiation, proton radiation, beta radiation, alpha radiation or neutron radiation, in particular electron radiation , Understood.
  • NIR near infrared
  • UV radiation visible light
  • UV radiation X-rays or gamma rays
  • corpuscular radiation such as electron radiation, proton radiation, beta radiation, alpha radiation or neutron radiation, in particular electron radiation , Understood.
  • the known method provides condensation-resistant color and / or effect multi-layer coatings whose basecoats and clearcoats are adhesively bonded together.
  • Multicoat paint systems in particular with regard to the course, the gloss, the
  • Image distinctness the stability of the color locus, the pigment orientation, in particular in the case of platelet-shaped effect pigments, adhesion to substrates, the
  • BESTATIGUNQSKOWE Chemical resistance, tree resin resistance, condensation resistance, bird dropping resistance and recoatability.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for producing multicoat color and / or effect coatings comprising at least one color and / or effect basecoat (A) and at least one transparent topcoat (B), in which
  • color and / or effect coating material (A) or at least one of the color and / or effect coating materials (A) is prepared by
  • process according to the invention The new process for producing multicoat color and / or effect paint systems comprising at least one color and / or effect basecoat (A) and at least one transparent topcoat (B) is referred to below as "process according to the invention".
  • the process according to the invention provided multicoat color and / or effect coating systems which show the course, gloss, image distinctness, color point stability, pigment orientation, in particular for platelet effect pigments, adhesion to substrates, interlayer adhesion, chip resistance, abrasion resistance , improved scratch resistance, weatherability, etch resistance, chemical resistance, tree resin resistance, condensation resistance and bird drop resistance, but especially with regard to the course and the distinctiveness of the image significantly.
  • multicoat color and / or effect coating systems which show the course, gloss, image distinctness, color point stability, pigment orientation, in particular for platelet effect pigments, adhesion to substrates, interlayer adhesion, chip resistance, abrasion resistance , improved scratch resistance, weatherability, etch resistance, chemical resistance, tree resin resistance, condensation resistance and bird drop resistance, but especially with regard to the course and the distinctiveness of the image significantly.
  • the process according to the invention is used to produce multicoat color and / or effect paint systems comprising at least one basecoat (A) having a color and / or effect and at least one topcoat (B).
  • they may contain at least one further customary and known coating, such as single-coat or multi-coat primer coatings, electrodeposition coatings, anticorrosive coatings,
  • Electrocoating and antistonechip primers or surfacer coatings are Electrocoating and antistonechip primers or surfacer coatings.
  • the color and / or effect basecoats (A) are used for coloring and / or the adjustment of physical and / or chemical effects, eg. Optical effects such as metallic effects, interference effects, flop effects or fluorescence, corrosion protection, electrical conductivity and magnetic shielding; In particular, however, they serve to color and / or adjust metallic effects, interference effects and flop effects.
  • the transparent topcoats (B) can be clear and glossy or frosted. They can be tinted or colorless. Preferably, they are colorless, clear and glossy clearcoats (B).
  • the multicoat color and / or effect paint systems produced by the process according to the invention can be present on a wide variety of substrates.
  • the substrates are um
  • land, sea or air powered means of muscle, hot air or wind such as bicycles, trolleys, rowing boats, sailboats, hot air balloons, gas balloons or gliders, and parts thereof motorized means of transport by land, sea or air, such as motorcycles, utility vehicles or motor vehicles, in particular cars, over or underwater vessels or aircraft, and parts thereof, stationary floats, such as buoys or parts of docks - indoor and outdoor structures , Doors, windows and furniture and glass hollow bodies, industrial small parts, such as screws, nuts, hubcaps or rims, containers, such as coils, containers or packaging, - electrical components, such as coils, optical components, mechanical components and white goods, such as household appliances, boilers and radiators.
  • the substrates are car bodies and parts thereof.
  • the inventive method is a so-called wet-on-wet method, in which one
  • the usual and known spray application methods are used in these methods.
  • the color and / or effect coating material (A) or at least one of the color and / or effect coating materials (A) is prepared by
  • the powder dispersion (A1) is completely or substantially free of organic solvents.
  • Substantially free means that the relevant powder dispersion (A1) has a solvent content of ⁇ 10% by weight, preferably in each case ⁇ 5% by weight and in particular ⁇ 2% by weight).
  • the viscosity behavior describes a state which, on the one hand, takes into account the requirements of storage and settling stability of the powder dispersion (A1) as such: in the agitated state, for example when pumping the powder dispersion (A1 ) in the ring line of a coating system and during application, the powder dispersion (A1) as such assumes a low-viscosity state, which ensures good processability. Without shear, however, the viscosity increases. The higher viscosity in the still state, such as in storage, tends to prevent settling of the solid particles (A11) of the powder dispersion (A1) or re-agitation of the powder dispersion (A1 ) is guaranteed.
  • the pseudoplastic behavior is preferably adjusted by means of suitable thickeners (A112), in particular nonionic and ionic thickeners (A112), which are preferably present in the aqueous phase (A12) of the powder dispersion (A1).
  • the powder dispersion (A1) contains as disperse phase solid and / or highly viscous, dimensionally stable particles (A11).
  • Dispossionally stable means that under the usual and known conditions of storage and application of pseudoplastic aqueous powder dispersions, the particles (A11) only slightly agglomerate, if at all, and / or disintegrate into smaller particles, but also under the influence of shear forces preserve the original form completely or substantially.
  • the particles (A1 1) have an average particle size z-mean of 80 to 750 nm, preferably 80 to 600 nm and in particular 80 to 400 nm, measured by photon correlation spectroscopy.
  • Photon correlation spectroscopy is a common and known method for measuring dispersed particles with particle sizes ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. For example, the measurement can be performed using the Malvern® Zetasizer 1000.
  • the particle size distribution can be adjusted in any way.
  • the particle size distribution preferably results from the use of suitable wetting agents (A112).
  • the content of the powder dispersion (A1) of particles (A11) can vary very widely and depends on the requirements of the individual case.
  • the content is 5 to 70, preferably 10 to 60, particularly preferably 15 to 50 and in particular 15 to 40 wt .-%, based on the powder dispersion (A1).
  • the particles (A11) contain at least one, in particular one, radically crosslinkable binder (A111)
  • a glass transition temperature of -70 to +50 0 C preferably -60 to + 20 0 C and in particular -60 to +10 0 C,
  • a content of acid groups of 0.05 to 15 equ./kg, preferably 0.08 to 10 equ./kg, preferably 0.1 to 8 equ./kg, more preferably 0.15 to 5 equ./kg, completely particularly preferably 0.18 to 3 equ./kg and in particular 0.2 to 2 equ./kg of the binder (A111).
  • the content of acid groups is preferably determined by the acid number according to DIN EN ISO 3682.
  • the particles (A11) contain the binders (A111) in an amount of 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 55 to 100% by weight, preferably 60 to 99% by weight, particularly preferably 70 to 99% by weight. and in particular 80 to 99 wt .-%, each based on (A1 1).
  • the particles (A11) may consist of the binder (A111).
  • the particles (A11) preferably also contain at least one of the additives (A112) described below.
  • the olefinically unsaturated double bonds of the binder (A111) are in groups selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylate, ethacrylate, crotonate, cinnamate, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, dicyclopentadienyl, norbornyl, isoprenyl , Isopropenyl, allyl or butenyl groups; Dicyclopentadienyl, norbomenyl, isoprenyl, isopropenyl, allyl or butenyl ether groups or dicyclopentadienyl, norbornyl, isoprenyl, isopropenyl, allyl or butenyl ester groups, preferably (meth) acrylate groups.
  • the olefinically unsaturated double bonds are present in acrylate groups.
  • the binders (A111) are oligomeric or polymeric.
  • Olemer means that the relevant binder (A111) is composed of 3 to 12 monomeric structural units. The structural units may be the same or different.
  • Polymer means that the relevant binder (A11 1) is composed of more than 8 monomeric structural units. Again, the structural units may be the same or different.
  • binder composed of 8 to 12 monomeric units is considered to be an oligomer or a polymer depends primarily on its number average molecular weight.
  • the number average molecular weight of the binder (A111) can vary widely and depends on the requirements of the individual case, in particular the viscosity, which is advantageous for the processing and the use of the binder (A111).
  • the viscosity of the binder (A111) is usually adjusted so that after the application of the powder dispersion (A1) as such and the drying of the resulting wet layer, a problem-free and easy filming of the particles (A11) is achieved.
  • the number-average molecular weight is preferably from 1000 to 50,000 daltons, preferably from 1,500 to 40,000 daltons and in particular from 2,000 to 20,000.
  • the nonuniformity of the molecular weight may likewise vary widely and is preferably from 1 to 10, in particular from 1.5 to 8.
  • Suitable binders are all oligomers and polymers which have the property profile described above.
  • the binder (A1 1 1) is selected from the group consisting of oligomeric and polymeric epoxy (meth) acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates and carbonate (meth) acrylates.
  • urethane (meth) acrylates are used.
  • the urethane (meth) acrylates (A1 11) are preferably preparable by reaction of
  • (a1) at least one compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic di- and polyisocyanates, with
  • (a2) at least one compound having at least one, in particular one, isocyanate-reactive functional group, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, thiol groups and primary and secondary
  • Amino groups in particular hydroxyl groups, and at least one, in particular one, of the groups described above which contain a free-radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated double bond, preferably a (meth) acrylate group, in particular an acrylate group,
  • (a3) at least one compound having at least one, in particular one, isocyanate-reactive functional group and at least one, in particular one, acid group, preferably selected from the group consisting of carboxylic, phosphonic, phosphinic, sulfonic, and sulfinic, preferably carboxylic acid - And sulfonic acid groups, in particular carboxylic acid groups, and
  • (a4) if appropriate, at least one compound having at least two, in particular two, isocyanate-reactive functional groups.
  • suitable compounds (a1) are customary and known di- and polyisocyanates having an isocyanate functionality of on average 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 5 and in particular 2 to 4.
  • Aliphatic means that the isocyanate group in question is linked to an aliphatic carbon atom.
  • Cycloaliphatic means that the isocyanate group in question is linked to a cycloaliphatic carbon atom.
  • Aromatic means that the isocyanate group in question is linked to an aromatic carbon atom.
  • Suitable aliphatic diisocyanates (a1) are aliphatic diisocyanates, such as tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate,
  • Suitable cycloaliphatic diisocyanates (a1) are 1, 4-, 1, 3- or 1, 2-diisocyanatocyclohexane, Tetramethylcyclohexandiisocyanat, bis (4'-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane, (4 -lsocyanatocyclohexyl 1) - (2'-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane, 2,2-bis (isocyanatocyclohexyl) propane, 2,2- (4'-isocyanatocyclohexyl) - (2'-isocyanatocyclohexyl) propane, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5- (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate) , 2,4- or 2,6-diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane or diisocyanates derived from dimer fatty acids, as sold under the trade name DDI
  • aromatic diisocyanates (a1) are 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate or their mixtures of isomers, m- or p-xylylene diisocyanate, 2,4'- or 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane or their isomer mixtures, 1,3-or 1, 4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-chloro-2,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1, 5-naphthylene diisocyanate, diphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 3-methyl-diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate, 1, 4-diisocyanatobenzene or 4,4'-diisocyanato-diphenyl ether.
  • aliphatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates (a1) especially hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate and / or di (isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane used.
  • suitable polyisocyanates (a1) are triisocyanates such as nonantocyanate (NTI) and polyisocyanates (a1) based on the above-described diisocyanates and triisocyanates (a1), in particular oligomers containing isocyanurate, biuret, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione, urethane , Carbodiimide, urea, uretonimine and / or uretdione groups.
  • suitable polyisocyanates (a1) of this type and processes for their preparation are described, for example, in patents and patent applications CA 2,163,591 A 1, US Pat. No. 4,419,513 A, US Pat. No.
  • the oligomers (a1) of hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate are used.
  • Examples of suitable compounds (a2) are the monoesters of
  • Diols and polyols which preferably contain 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least 2 hydroxyl groups in the molecule, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 1-dimethyl-1, 2 ethanediol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol,
  • (a22) alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acrylalmidoglycolic acid, methacrylamidoglycolic acid, especially acrylic acid.
  • suitable compounds (a2) are the monovinyl ethers of the above-described diols and polyols (a21).
  • suitable compounds (a2) are the monoesters or monoamides of the above-described alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids (a22) with
  • (a23) amino alcohols such as 2-aminoethanol, 2- (methylamino) ethanol, 3-amino-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-propanol or 2- (2-aminoethoxy) ethanol,
  • polyamines such as ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine.
  • hydroxycarboxylic acids such as hydroxyacetic acid (glycolic acid), 2- or 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 3- or 4-hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxypivalic acid, 6-
  • Hydroxycaproic acid citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropionic acid (glyceric acid), dimethylolpropionic acid,
  • amino acids such as 6-aminocaproic acid, aminoacetic acid (glycine), 2-aminopropionic acid (alanine), 3-aminopropionic acid (beta-alanine) or the other essential amino acids; N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) glycine, N- [bis (hydroxymethyl) methyl] glycine or imidodiacetic acid,
  • sugar acids such as gluconic acid, glucaric acid, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid or mucic acid (galactaric acid),
  • (a35) sulfonic acids such as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (taurine), aminomethanesulfonic acid, 3-aminopropanesulfonic acid, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] -ethanesulfonic acid, 3- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -piperazinyl] -propanesulfonic acid, N- [tris (hydroxymethyl) -methyl] -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, N , N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid, phenol-4-sulfonic acid or sulfanilic acid.
  • 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid taurine
  • aminomethanesulfonic acid 3-aminopropanesulfonic acid
  • hydroxyacetic acid (glycolic acid) (a31) is used.
  • the acid groups can be ionized.
  • Suitable counterions are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, strontium, barium or ammonium ions and primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium ions, which are derived from customary and known organic amines.
  • Suitable compounds (a4) are the above-described compounds diols and polyols (a21), amino alcohols (a23), thioalcohols (a24) or polyamines (a25).
  • the compounds (a1), (a2) and (a3) and optionally (a4) are reacted in a molar ratio with each other to 3 equ.
  • An example of a particularly suitable reaction product is the reaction product of acrylic acid with glycidyl methacrylate.
  • Very particularly suitable reaction products of this type in each case based on their respective total amount, at least 60, preferably at least 70 and in particular at least 80 wt .-% of a mixture of 3-acryloyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl methacrylate and 2-acryloyloxy-3-hydroxy - propyl methacrylate.
  • the preparation of the urethane (meth) acrylates (A1 11) has no special features, but takes place under the customary and known conditions of the reaction of polyisocyanates with the exclusion of water at temperatures of 5 to 100 ° C.
  • To initiate polymerization of the olefinic To inhibit unsaturated double bonds is preferably carried out under an oxygen-containing gas, in particular under air or air-nitrogen mixtures.
  • the powder dispersion (A1) consists of at least one disperse phase (A11) and a continuous aqueous phase (A12).
  • the disperse phase (A11) consists of the binder (A111) and the continuous phase (A12) of water.
  • the powder dispersion (A1) also contains at least one customary and known additive (A112) in customary and known amounts.
  • an additive (A112) may be present in the disperse phase (A11), ie the dimensionally stable particles (A11); but it may also form a separate disperse phase (A13), such as a pigment. In addition, it may be exclusively in the aqueous phase (A12), such as a water-soluble salt, or may accumulate in the interface between aqueous phase (A12) and disperse phase (A11), such as a wetting agent. Last but not least, the additive (A112) between the disperse phase (A11) and the aqueous phase (A12), such as a molecularly dispersed organic dye. The person skilled in the art can therefore easily predict how an additive (A112) will behave in the powder dispersion (A1).
  • the additive (A112) from the group consisting of residue-free or substantially residue-free thermally decomposable salts; different binders physically, thermally and / or with actinic radiation from the binders (A111); thermally curable crosslinkers; Neutralizing agents; thermally curable reactive diluents; curable with actinic radiation reactive diluents; opaque and transparent, color and / or effect pigments, in particular organic and inorganic metallic effect pigments, interference pigments, fluorescent pigments, electrically conductive pigments, magnetically shielding pigments and corrosion-inhibiting pigments; molecularly soluble dyes; opaque and transparent, organic and inorganic fillers; organic and inorganic nanoparticles; Light stabilizers; antioxidants; Venting means; Wetting agents; emulsifiers; slip additives; polymerization inhibitors; Initiators of radical polymerization, especially photoinitiators; thermolabile radical initiators; Adhesion promoters; Leveling agents; film-
  • the powder dispersion (A1) contains residue-free or substantially residue-free thermally decomposable salts, light stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, leveling agents, photoinitiators or thermolabile free-radical initiators and rheological aids as additives (A112).
  • the powder dispersion (A1) is preferably prepared by the secondary dispersion method known from German Patent Application DE 199 08 013 A1, German Patent DE 198 41 842 C2 or German Patent Application DE 100 55 464 A1.
  • the binders (A11 1) and optionally the additives (A112) are dissolved in organic solvents, in particular readily volatile, water-miscible solvents.
  • the resulting solutions are dispersed in water (A12) using neutralizing agents (A112). It is then diluted with water (A12) with stirring. It initially forms a water-in-oil emulsion, which turns on further dilution in an oil-in-water emulsion. This point is generally reached at solids contents of ⁇ 50% by weight, based on the emulsion, and is externally evident from a greater decrease in viscosity during dilution.
  • the oil-in-water emulsion can also be prepared directly by the melt emulsification of the binders (A111) and optionally the additives (A112) in water (A12).
  • wetting agents (A112) are added to the organic solution and / or the water (A12) before or during the emulsification. Preferably, they are added to the organic solution.
  • the solvent-containing emulsion thus obtained is subsequently freed of solvents by azeotropic distillation.
  • the solvents to be removed are distilled off at a distillation temperature below 70 ° C., preferably below 50 ° C. and in particular below 40 ° C.
  • the distillation pressure is chosen so that this temperature range is maintained at higher boiling solvents.
  • the azeotropic distillation can be accomplished by stirring the emulsion at room temperature in an open vessel for several days.
  • the solvent-containing emulsion is freed from the solvents by vacuum distillation.
  • the evaporated or distilled off amount of water and solvents are replaced by water (A12) to avoid high viscosities.
  • the addition of the water (A12) can be carried out before, after or even during the evaporation or the distillation by adding in portions.
  • the glass transition temperature of the dispersed dimensionally stable particles (A11) increases, and instead of the previous solvent-containing emulsion, the pseudoplastic aqueous powder dispersion (A1) is formed.
  • the dimensionally stable particles (A11) are mechanically comminuted in the wet state, which is also referred to as wet milling.
  • wet milling Preferably conditions 60 and in particular 5O 0 C in this case be applied so that the temperature of the ground material 70 preferably does not exceed.
  • the specific energy input during the milling process is preferably 10 to 1000, preferably 15 to 750 and in particular 20 to 500 Wh / g.
  • suitable devices which produce low shear fields are customary and known stirred tanks, gap homogenizers, microfluidizers or dissolvers.
  • Examples of suitable devices which produce high shear fields are conventional and known stirred mills or inline dissolvers.
  • the devices that produce high shear fields are used.
  • the agitator mills according to the invention are particularly advantageous and are therefore used with very particular preference.
  • the powder dispersion (A1) is fed to the devices described above with the aid of suitable devices, such as pumps, in particular gear pumps, and circulated until the desired particle size has been reached.
  • the powder dispersion (A1) is filtered before use.
  • the usual and known filtration devices and filters are used.
  • the mesh size of the filters can vary widely and depends primarily on the particle size and the particle size distribution of the particles. The person skilled in the art can therefore easily determine the suitable filters on the basis of this physical parameter. Examples of suitable filters are monofilament surface filters or bag filters. These are available on the market under the brands Pong® or Cuno®.
  • the above-described powder dispersion (A1) is mixed in the process according to the invention in process step (6) with the other constituents (A2) of the color and / or effect coating material (A), after which the resulting mixture (A) in process step (7). is homogenized.
  • the amount of powder dispersion (A1) used in the process according to the invention can vary widely and can thus be excellently adapted to the requirements of the individual case. So much powder dispersion (A1) is preferably used that the color and / or effect coating material (A), based on its total amount, 1 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 17.5 wt .-% and in particular 5 to 15 wt .-% of the binder (A111).
  • they are used in the usual and known effective amounts.
  • the color and / or effect layer (A) resulting in process step (1) is dried in process step (2) without completely curing it.
  • the drying may be accelerated by the use of a gaseous, liquid and / or solid hot medium such as hot air, heated oil or heated rolls, or microwave, infrared and / or near infrared (NIR) light.
  • a gaseous, liquid and / or solid hot medium such as hot air, heated oil or heated rolls, or microwave, infrared and / or near infrared (NIR) light.
  • NIR near infrared
  • the wet layer is dried in a circulating air oven at 23 to 150 0 C, preferably 30 to 120 0 C and in particular 50 to 100 ° C dried.
  • actinic radiation in particular UV radiation.
  • the customary and known methods and devices described below can be used.
  • a dose can be used which is sufficient for the complete free-radical polymerization of the free-radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated double bonds present.
  • a dose is preferably used in which not all free-radically polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated double bonds radically polymerize.
  • the color and / or effect coating material (A) is applied in process step (1) in a wet layer thickness, that after complete curing of the color and / or effect layer (A) in process step (4) has a layer thickness of 5 to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m and in particular 5 to 15 ⁇ m results.
  • the color and / or effect layer (A) is coated with at least one transparent coating material (B).
  • the transparent coating material (B) may have a composition such that after complete curing of the transparent layer (B) in process step (4), a transparent topcoat (B) results which is clear, glossy, frosted, tinted or colorless.
  • the transparent topcoat (B) is preferably a colorless, clear and glossy clearcoat.
  • the transparent coating materials (B) are therefore preferably the customary and known, thermal, with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic
  • the transparent coating materials (B) are applied in process step (3) in a wet layer thickness, that after complete curing in process step (4) results in a layer thickness of preferably 10 to 100 .mu.m, preferably 20 to 80 .mu.m and in particular 25 to 70 microns.
  • process step (4) at least the above-described layers (A) and (B) are cured together.
  • the curing can be carried out not only by dual-cure curing but, if necessary, purely thermally. This is of particular importance, even if the shadow zones of three-dimensionally complex shaped substrates such as car bodies are to be fully cured.
  • the thermal curing has no special features, but can be carried out with the aid of the devices and methods described above.
  • the curing with actinic radiation has no special features, but can by means of conventional and known devices and methods, as described for example in German Patent Application DE 198 18 735 A 1, column 10, lines 31 to 61, the German Patent application DE 102 02 565 A1, page 9, paragraph [0092], to page 10, paragraph [0106], German patent application DE 103 16 890 A1, page 17, paragraphs [0128] to [0130], in the international patent application WO 94/11123, page 2, lines 35, to page 3, line 6, page 3, lines 10 to 15, and page 8, lines 1 to 14, or the American patent US 6,743,466 B2, column 6, line 53, to column 7, line 14, are performed.
  • the color and / or effect multicoat paint systems produced in accordance with the method of the invention fulfill all the requirements which are imposed on automotive finishes (see European Patent EP 0 352 298 B1, page 15, lines 42, to page 17, line 40) and correspond to Appearance of a Class A surface in full. Examples and Comparative Experiments
  • the binder (A111-1) was first prepared in the following manner.
  • Isopropenylidenedicyclohexanol was coarsely dispersed in hydroxyethyl acrylate at 6O 0 C with stirring.
  • the polyisocyanates pentaerythritol tri / tetra-acrylate, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 1,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and methyl ethyl ketone.
  • dibutyltin dilaurate the reaction mixture warmed. The mixture was stirred at 75 ° C for several hours until the content of free isocyanate groups was constant. Then glycolic acid and methanol were added and stirred until no more free isocyanate groups were detectable.
  • Pentaerythritol tri / tetra-acrylate (average OH number:
  • Methyl ethyl ketone corresponding to a solids content of 70 wt .-% in
  • the urethane (meth) acrylate (A111-1) had a solids content of 70 wt .-%, a glass transition temperature of 2.5 ° C, a content of olefinically unsaturated double bonds of 2.93 equ./kg and an acid number of 18, 85 mg KOH / g.
  • the urethane (meth) acrylate (A111-2) was prepared as described above, except that Desmodur® W was replaced by the equivalent amount of allophanate of hexamethylene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate according to International Patent Application WO 00/39183.
  • the urethane (meth) acrylate (A111-2) had a solids content of 71 wt .-%, a glass transition temperature of 12.3 ° C, a content of olefinically unsaturated double bonds of 3 equ./kg and an acid number of 15.8 mg KOH / g on.
  • the powder dispersion (A1-1) was prepared by the secondary dispersion method by mixing the following ingredients in the order listed, distilling off the organic solvents, replacing the removed organic solvents by water and homogenizing the resulting mixture:
  • the powder dispersion (A1-2) was prepared by the secondary dispersion method by mixing the following ingredients in the order listed, distilling off the organic solvents, replacing the removed organic solvents by water and homogenizing the resulting mixture:
  • initiator BK oligomeric benzpinacol silyl ether
  • the urethane (meth) acrylate (A111-3) was first prepared according to the following procedure.
  • Reaction mixture kept at 65 to 70 0 C. After the end of the addition, the temperature was raised to 90 0 C. After six hours at 90 ° C., an acid number of 9.4 mg KOH / g was measured on a sample taken. Subsequently, another 14 g of triphenylphosphine were added. After a further six hours at 90 ° C., an acid number of 1.8 mg KOH / g was measured on a sample taken. The
  • reaction mixture was stirred for a further 24 hours at 90 ° C and then their epoxide content was determined. It was 0.1% by weight.
  • the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 10 hours at 60 0 C until an isocyanate content ⁇ 0.1 wt .-% was reached.
  • the resulting urethane (meth) acrylate (A111-3) had a solids content of 76.6 wt .-%, a glass transition temperature of 2 ° C, an acid number of 20 mg KOH / g and a content of olefinically unsaturated double bonds of 3.89 equ./kg on.
  • the powder dispersion (A1-3) was prepared by the secondary dispersion method by mixing the following ingredients (dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone) in the indicated Sequence, distilling off the organic solvents, replacement of the removed organic solvents by water and homogenizing the resulting mixture:
  • initiator BK oligomeric benzpinacol silyl ether
  • Triethyl phosphate / toluene from Bayer Distribution Service GmbH
  • the basecoats 1 to 3 were first prepared.
  • Pripol® 2033 commercial fat diol from Uniqema
  • Neutralization solution (dimethylethanolamine, 10% in water), corresponding to a pH of 8;
  • Basecoat 2 2 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate and 0.66 parts by weight of deionized water were added, after which the resulting basecoat 1 was homogenized. The basecoat 1 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 1.
  • Basecoat 2 2 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate and 0.66 parts by weight of deionized water were added, after which the resulting basecoat 1 was homogenized. The basecoat 1 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 1.
  • Basecoat 2 2 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate and 0.66 parts by weight of deionized water were added, after which the resulting basecoat 1 was homogenized. The basecoat 1 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 1.
  • Basecoat 2 2 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate and 0.66 parts by weight of deionized water were added, after which the resulting basecoat 1 was homogenized. The basecoat 1 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 1.
  • Basecoat 2 2 parts by weight of tributyl
  • the basecoat 2 was prepared like the basecoat 1, except that the powder dispersion (A1-2) of Preparation Example 2 was used in place of the powder dispersion (A1-1) of Preparation Example 1.
  • the basecoat 2 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 2.
  • the basecoat 3 was prepared in the same way as the basecoat 1, except that the powder dispersion (A1-3) of Preparation Example 3 was used instead of the powder dispersion (A1-1) of Preparation Example 1.
  • the basecoat 3 was used to produce the multicoat paint system 3.
  • the basecoat material V1 was prepared analogously to the instructions for the preparation of the basecoat 1, except that instead of the powder dispersion (A1-1), 33.9 parts by weight of an aqueous polyurethane resin dispersion were used.
  • the basecoat V1 was used to produce the multicoat paint system V1.
  • the basecoat films 2, 3 and V1 were each pre-dried for 10 minutes at 80 0 C.
  • Basecoat 1 applied.
  • the resulting basecoat film 1 also became during 10 Dried for minutes at 8O 0 C and irradiated with UV radiation of a dose of 1, 5 J / cm 2 (iron-doped mercury vapor lamp from the company IST, measurement of the dose with Light Bug C) in the air.
  • the multicoat system 1 was structured as follows:
  • the multicoat paint systems 2 and 3 and V1 were constructed as follows:
  • the basecoats 1 to 3 and V1 of the multicoat paint systems 1 to 3 and V1 had a high boiling limit of> 20 ⁇ m. Their intercoat adhesion was excellent before and after exposure to moisture for 240 hours in the constant climate test (cross cut test: GTO). Rock chip resistance was also very good (VDA: grade 2 to 2.5).
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de peintures multicouche de couleur et/ou à effet décoratif comprenant une peinture de base (A) de couleur et/ou à effet et une peinture de finition (5) transparente (B), de type procédé fraîche-à-fraîche à l'aide d'une matière de revêtement de couleur et/ou à effet (A) et d'une matière de revêtement transparente (B). Le procédé de production de la matière de revêtement (A) consiste à produire séparément une dispersion pulvérulente (A1) aqueuse, à viscosité intrinsèque, durcissable par polymérisation radicale, exempte de composés organiques volatils et contenant, à titre de phase dispersée, des particules (A11) solides et/ou très visqueuses, de stabilité dimensionnelle dans des conditions de stockage et d'utilisation et présentant une granulométrie moyenne, mesurée par spectroscopie de corrélation photonique moyenne z de 80 à 750 nm, contenant un liant (A111) radicalement réticulable d'une température de transition vitreuse de -70 à +500C, une teneur en composés à doubles liaisons oléfiniquement insaturés de 2 à 10 equ./kg et une teneur en groupes d'acide de 0,05 à 15 equ./kg dans une quantité, par rapport à (A), de 50 à 100 % en poids, puis à mélanger cette dispersion pulvérulente aux autres constituants (A2) de la matière de revêtement (A) et enfin à homogénéiser le mélange ainsi obtenu (A).
EP07785874A 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Procédé de production de peintures multicouche de couleur et/ou à effet décoratif Withdrawn EP2038073A2 (fr)

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DE102006030059A DE102006030059A1 (de) 2006-06-29 2006-06-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung farb- und/oder effektgebender Mehrschichtlackierungen
PCT/EP2007/005792 WO2008000509A2 (fr) 2006-06-29 2007-06-29 Procédé de production de peintures multicouche de couleur et/ou à effet décoratif

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KR20090032103A (ko) 2009-03-31
CN101479049A (zh) 2009-07-08
CN101479049B (zh) 2012-04-18
DE102006030059A1 (de) 2008-01-17
US20090324843A1 (en) 2009-12-31
WO2008000509A2 (fr) 2008-01-03
JP2009541044A (ja) 2009-11-26

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