Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
  • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
  • C04B20/12—Multiple coating or impregnating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
  • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/255—Oils, waxes, fats or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/40—Organo-silicon compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
  • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
  • C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
  • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
  • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
  • Y10T442/656—Preformed metallic film or foil or sheet [film or foil or sheet had structural integrity prior to association with the nonwoven fabric]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of artificial mineral wools. It relates more particularly to glass wool intended to be incorporated in thermal and / or acoustic insulation materials.
• Mineral wools are susceptible, when certain geometric criteria in terms of diameter and / or length are respected, to be introduced by inhalation into the body and in particular into the lungs, sometimes to the pulmonary alveoli. To avoid any pathogenic risk related to a possible accumulation of fibers in the body, it has appeared necessary to ensure that the fibers have a low "biopersistence", that is to say, can be easily and quickly eliminated from the body. 'organization.
• the chemical composition of the fibers is a major parameter influencing this ability to be rapidly removed from the body because it plays a considerable role in the rate of dissolution of the fibers in a physiological medium.
• Mineral wools with high rates of dissolution in a physiological medium (“biosoluble") have therefore been formulated and described in the prior art.
• the main difficulty is to increase the rate of dissolution of the fibers in a physiological medium while retaining the good end-use properties of the finished product, in particular the mechanical strength and the constancy of this mechanical resistance during exposure to moisture.
• This last point is particularly crucial and delicate because the two criteria of resistance to moisture and biosolubility are in many ways contradictory since they both concern the ability to dissolve in a predominantly aqueous medium.
• the object of the present invention is to improve the wet aging resistance of mineral wools capable of dissolving in a physiological medium.
• the inventors have demonstrated that the resin acids or their derivatives have the advantage of improving the mechanical properties after aging in wet medium mineral wools.
• US Pat. No. 2,584,300 describes a binder for mineral wool, the main component of which is a mixture of carboxylic acid esters of tall oil and polyols.
• Tall oil which is a by-product of Kraft paper manufacturing, comprises almost half of the resin acids associated with fatty acids.
• SU 1470708 discloses the manufacture of insulating pipe coatings by blowing a mixture comprising mineral wool flakes and a rosin-modified formol phenolic binder into xylene and an organic solvent, the latter two components being then removed by evaporation to harden the insulating coating. Rosin is a resin mainly comprising resin acids.
• the technical effect of resin acids or their derivatives consisting in improving the mechanical properties after aging in a humid medium is however not described in the prior art.
• the subject of the invention is therefore the use of at least one organic compound chosen from resin acids or their derivatives in a content sufficient to improve the mechanical properties after wet aging of the mineral wools.
• the inventors have however demonstrated that the compounds comprising resin acids or their derivatives, especially when they are in the form of an emulsion in water, have the disadvantage of greatly increasing the water absorption by the water. product. This phenomenon is particularly surprising since it was commonly considered until then that wet aging resistance and low water absorption properties were correlated, with the water-absorbing products being intuitively likely to offer better results. resistance.
• the invention therefore also relates to a process for obtaining mineral wool comprising mineral fibers and an organic binder, wherein said mineral fibers are formed and said organic binder is added and a compound comprising at least one resin acid or a resin acid derivative on at least a part of the surface of said mineral fibers, characterized in that a water-repellent agent is additionally added to at least a part of the surface of said mineral fibers.
• Resin acids are diterpenic monocarboxylic acids, generally isomers of the general formula C20H30O2. Their "resin" name comes from the fact that they are synthesized by plants, especially resinous plants. Contained in their resin, their function is to protect plants against external aggressions (insects, fungi, wounds ). Resin acids are divided into several classes according to their basic chemical structure. There are thus abieetane, pimarane / isopimarane type structures that have three six-carbon rings connected by one side, or even labdane. All have a carboxylic acid functionality and at least one double bond, generally two or three, including two conjugated double bonds for the acids of abieetane structure.
• resin acids are: for the group of abietanes: abietic acid (CAS No. 514-10-3, structure of formula A below), neoabietic acid (CAS No. 471-77-2 ), palustric acid (CAS No. 1945-53-5), levopimaric acid (CAS No. 79-54-9), dehydroabietic acid (CAS No. 1740-19-8), for the group pimarans: pimaric acid (CAS No. 127-27-5, structure of formula B below), isopimaric acid (CAS No. 5835-26-7), sandaracopimaric acid (CAS No. 471 -74-9).
• Resin acids can be obtained directly from pine oleoresin. Resin acids are indeed the main non-volatile component of pine resin. After evaporation by distillation of its volatile elements (such as terpenes, for example alpha-pinene), the solidified resin, or rosin, consists of about 90% by weight of resin acids, predominantly abietic acid (40%). at 50%).
• Resin acids can also be obtained as a by-product of the paper making "Kraft" process. It is then part, with fatty acids, of what is commonly called tall oil or pine oil. Different distillations make it possible to obtain a more or less purified tall oil and therefore less rich in resin acids. Rosin can also be obtained from tall oil and then comprises a higher proportion of pimarane-type acids.
• the compound added according to the invention is preferably a mixture of resin acids.
• the compound comprising at least one resin acid or a resin acid derivative is therefore advantageously chosen from tall oil, rosin, optionally chemically modified as indicated infra, or a mixture thereof.
• the rosin used can be produced either from tall oil (“rosin of pine oil”) or directly from pine resin ("pine gem rosin”), or from old pine stumps (“Wood rosin”).
• rosin of pine oil tall oil
• pine resin pine resin
• pine gem rosin pine resin
• Wood rosin old pine stumps
• the tall oil used is preferably distilled and also comprises fatty acids, mainly of the oleic type.
• the compound comprising at least one resin acid preferably comprises a majority of abietic acid.
• the resinic acid derivative used in the context of the present invention is preferably chosen from salts or esters of rosin acids, the addition products of Diels Aider of resin acids with dienophile compounds, dimers of resin acids, isomers, hydrogenation or disproportionation products or mixtures thereof.
• a preferred source of such derivatives is a rosin having undergone these various saponification, esterification, addition, isomerization, hydrogenation or disproportionation reactions, which will be referred to generically as "chemically modified rosin". In the rest of the text, the generic name "rosin acid” or “rosin” will always cover these derivatives, unless otherwise indicated.
• Various counterions can replace hydrogen in the carboxylic group of resin acids and thus form carboxylic acid salts: sodium, potassium, zinc, calcium or magnesium. Salts Resin acids obtained are sometimes called resin "soaps" and may be part of rosin soaps or tall oil soaps obtained by neutralization of rosin or tall oil.
• esters of rosin acids or rosin are obtained by esterification of the carboxylic group with alcohols, often polyols such as for example glycerol, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol.
• alcohols often polyols such as for example glycerol, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol.
• the esterification reaction may relate to one or more alcohol groups.
• the adducts are obtained by reaction of Diels-Alder with dienophile compounds such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid or esters of fumaric, acrylic or maleic acids.
• Resin acids can react with each other under acidic conditions and at elevated temperatures to form primarily dimers, most exceptionally trimers. Under certain conditions, resin acids can be isomerized, usually by changing the double bond configuration. Resin acids that do not exist under natural conditions can then be obtained.
• the resin acids may also undergo hydrogenation reactions having the effect of reducing the number of double bonds or disproportionation reactions, by transfer of a hydrogen atom from one resin acid to another.
• hydrophobing agent means any additive making it possible to reduce the capillary absorption of water by the product, in particular according to the test recommended by standard NF EN 1609 or, more generally, by any test consisting in measuring the absorption of water after partial or total immersion of the product.
• water-repellent agent is particularly crucial when the compound comprising resin acids is tall oil, since it appears that the presence of fatty acids considerably increases the water uptake by the fibrous product.
• Waterproofing agents of the silicone type (polysiloxanes, especially poly (dimethylsiloxanes) or PDMS) or paraffins are particularly preferred because they make it possible to obtain the best results, in particular silicones.
• Other water-repellent agents that can be used according to the present invention include fluoropolymers or mineral or organic oils.
• the added content is preferably between 0.01% and 1%, especially between 0.05 and 0.5%, or even 0.2% by weight of dry extract relative to the weight of mineral wool.
• the water-repellent agents are preferably added as an emulsion in water.
• the compound comprising at least one resin acid or a resin acid derivative is preferably added by sputtering, in particular with the organic binder, said compound being optionally mixed with said organic binder before the adding step.
• the compound comprising at least one rosin acid or a resin acid derivative is preferably added in the form of an emulsion in water or dissolved in a predominantly organic solvent (preferably totally organic, but may also comprise water) .
• the predominantly organic solvent preferably comprises an alcohol such as glycerol.
• the compound comprising at least one resinic acid or a resin acid derivative is preferably added in a mass content of between 0.1 and 5% by solids relative to the weight of mineral wool. Levels between 0.5 and 4% are preferred.
• the organic binder preferably comprises a formophenolic resin.
• the invention also relates to a physiologically soluble mineral wool obtainable by this method.
• a fiber composition that is particularly preferred in the context of the present invention comprises the following constituents within the limits defined below, expressed in weight percentages:
• Silica (SiO 2 ) is a forming element of the vitreous network. Too high a content makes the viscosity of the glass too high for it to be melted, homogenized and refined properly, while a too low content makes the glass unstable thermally (it devitrifies too easily to cooling) and chemically (too attackable by humidity).
• the silica content is advantageously greater than or equal to 50%, even 55% and even 60% and less than or equal to 70%.
• Alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) is also a network-forming element, which can significantly increase the viscosity of the glass. Present in too high levels, it also has a negative impact on the fluid solubility of the pulmonary alveoli. When its content is low, the resistance to moisture is greatly reduced. For these various reasons, the alumina content is advantageously greater than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5%, especially 3%.
• the alkaline earth oxides mainly lime (CaO) and magnesia (MgO) make it possible to reduce the viscosity of the glass at high temperature and thus facilitate the steps of producing a glass free of gaseous or solid inclusions.
• CaO lime
• MgO magnesia
• the calcium oxide content is therefore advantageously greater than or equal to 5%, especially 7%, and less than or equal to 10%.
• the magnesium content is preferably less than or equal to 10% and even 5%, and greater than or equal to 1% or even 2%.
• alkaline earth oxides such as barium oxide (BaO) or strontium (SrO) may also be present in the mineral wools according to the invention. In view of their high cost, they are, however, advantageously present in zero amounts (with the exception of traces originating from unavoidable impurities in the raw materials).
• the alkaline oxides mainly sodium (Na 2 O) and potassium (K 2 O) oxides
• the sodium oxide content is therefore preferably less than or equal to 18% and greater than or equal to 14%.
• the potassium oxide content is advantageously less than or equal to 5%, or even 2% and even 1%, mainly for reasons related to the availability of raw materials.
• Boron oxide (B2O3) is useful for reducing the viscosity of glass and improving the biosolubility of fibers. Its presence also tends to improve the thermal insulation properties of mineral wool, in particular by lowering its coefficient of thermal conductivity in its radiative component. In addition, given its high cost and its ability to volatilize at high temperatures, generating harmful fumes and forcing the production sites to equip with flue gas reprocessing facilities, the boron oxide content is preferably less than or equal to 8%, in particular 6% and even 5%. A zero content is preferred in some embodiments.
• the iron oxide is limited to a content of less than 5% because of its role on the color of the glass, but also on the faculty of the glass to devitrify.
• a high iron content makes it possible to confer a very high temperature resistance to the mineral wools of the "rockwool” type, but makes fiber drawing by the internal centrifugation technique difficult or impossible in some cases.
• the iron oxide content is preferably less than or equal to 3% and even 1%.
• the phosphorus oxide (P2O5) can be advantageously used, in particular because of its beneficial role on the biosolubility.
• the fibers according to the invention may also contain other oxides, in a mass content generally not exceeding 3%, or even 2% and even 1%.
• these oxides are the impurities commonly supplied by natural or artificial raw materials (for example recycled glass, called cullet) used in this type of industry (among the most common are TiO 2 , MnO, BaO ).
• Impurities such as ZrO 2 are also commonly provided by the partial dissolution in the glass of chemical elements from the refractory materials used in the furnace construction. Some traces still come from the compounds used for the refining of the glass: mention in particular sulfur SO 3 oxide very commonly used.
• Alkaline earth oxides such as BaO, SrO, and / or alkaline such as Li 2 O may be voluntarily included in the fibers according to the invention. In view of their cost, it is however preferable that the fibers according to the invention do not contain them. These various oxides, because of their low content, play in any case no particular functional role that can change the way in which the fibers according to the invention respond to the problem.
• the invention also relates to thermal and / or acoustic insulation products comprising at least one mineral wool according to the invention.
• the density of the insulation products according to the invention is preferably between 40 and 150 kg / m 3 , in particular between 60 and 80 kg / m 3 (this density taking into account only the wool mineral).
• They may also be insulation products intended for: the external insulation of facades, in particular products which have a minimum surface area of 60 and 100 kg / m 3 , such as the products described in application EP 1 283.
• This mass of molten glass is then transformed into fibers by an internal centrifugation process, implementing a centrifugation plate comprising a basket forming a reception chamber for the molten glass and a peripheral strip pierced with a multitude of orifices. Since the plate is rotated about a vertical axis, the molten glass is ejected under the action of a centrifugal force and the material escaping from the orifices is drawn into filaments with the assistance of a stream of drawing gas.
• a sizing spray crown is disposed below the centrifugation plates so as to evenly distribute the sizing composition (the organic binder) on the newly formed glass wool.
• the sizing composition is mainly based on formophenolic resin and urea, diluted in water before spraying the fibers.
• Other types of sizing composition in particular free of formaldehyde, can also be used, alone or in a mixture.
• compositions of glycidyl ether type and a nonvolatile amine hardener (described in application EP-AO 369 848), which may also comprise an accelerator chosen from imidazoles, imidazolines and mixtures thereof, compositions comprising a polybasic carboxylic acid and a polyol, preferably combined with a catalyst of the phosphorus organic acid alkali metal salt type (described in application EP-A-0 990 727), compositions comprising one or more compounds containing a carboxylic function and / or a ⁇ -hydroxyalkylamide function (described in application WO-A-93/36368), compositions containing either a carboxylic acid and an alkanolamine, or a resin that has been synthesized from a carboxylic acid and an alkanolamine, and a polymer containing a carboxylic group (described in application EP-A-1 164 163), sizing compositions prepared in two x steps of mixing
• compositions containing a resin which comprises the non-polymeric reaction product of an amine with a first anhydride and a second anhydride different from the first (described in EP-A-1 086 932), compositions containing at least one polybasic carboxylic acid and at least one polyamine, compositions comprising copolymers of carboxylic acid and monomers containing alcohol functions as described in application US 2005/038193, compositions comprising polyols and polyacids or polyanhydridres such as maleic acid, described for example in the application WO 2005/87837 or in US Patent 6706808.
• Resins of the aminoplast type (melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde) can also be used in the context of the invention.
• the compound comprising resin acids or their derivatives is added to the sizing composition (organic binder), but it can also be sprayed independently, for example using a second spray crown.
• the various compounds used in the examples are: aqueous emulsions comprising resin acids or resin acid derivatives sold by the company DRT under the respective names Dermulsene RA405 (compound C1, chemically modified rosin), HBR70 (compound C2, based on of rosin and petroleum resin), DEG (C3 compound, based on rosin ester and polyethylene glycol), 222 (C4 compound, based on rosin ester and terpene resin), RE802 (C5 compound, based on rosin ester), - an aqueous emulsion comprising fatty acids and resin acids obtained by distillation of tall oil sold under the name Resinoline BD2 (compound C6) by the company DRT.
• Dermulsene RA405 compound C1, chemically modified rosin
• a water-repellent agent is added, in particular: silicones of DC1581 type marketed by Dow Corning (aqueous emulsion of poly (dimethylsiloxane)), or paraffins (in the form of an aqueous emulsion) marketed under the trademark Pekophob P60 by Clariant.
• the mineral wool thus bonded is collected on a belt conveyor equipped with internal suction boxes which retain the mineral wool in the form of a felt or a sheet on the surface of the conveyor.
• the conveyor then circulates in an oven where the polycondensation of the resin gluing.
• the insulating product manufactured is a panel with a density of the order of 80 kg / m 3 (Table 2) or 65 kg / m 3 (Table 3).
• Sandwich panels comprising such mineral wool have been subjected to the wet aging resistance test described in the draft standard prEN 14509 "Self-Supporting, Insulating, Double-Skinned Sandwich Panels - Manufactured Products - Specifications" .
• the sandwich panels are placed for 28 days in a climatic chamber at 65 ° C. and 100% relative humidity, the loss of tear resistance after aging being then measured. Under the standard, a loss of less than or equal to 60% is considered satisfactory.
• Tables 2 and 3 describe the results, expressed in terms of loss (in percent) of pullout resistance.
• the mineral wool produced is also subjected to the water absorption test after partial immersion as described in standard NF EN 1609. This test simulates the absorption of water caused by rain during 24 hours during construction work.
• the water absorption referred to as "water intake” in the tables, is expressed in kg / m 2 . A value of 1 kg / m 2 or less is considered satisfactory.
• these tables indicate the solids content by weight relative to the weight of the mineral wool, and, if appropriate, the nature and the weight content of the water-repellent agent, always in dry extract.
• Comparative Example 1 shows that the addition of resin acids or of resinic acid derivatives considerably increases the intake of water by the product, multiplying it by a factor at least 5.
• water-repellent agents and in particular silicones, makes it possible to reach water absorption values close to 1 kg / m 2 , or even less. This addition, however, does not modify the aging resistance properties in a humid environment.

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