EP2056260A2 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à la vérification de documents de valeur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à la vérification de documents de valeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2056260A2
EP2056260A2 EP08014847A EP08014847A EP2056260A2 EP 2056260 A2 EP2056260 A2 EP 2056260A2 EP 08014847 A EP08014847 A EP 08014847A EP 08014847 A EP08014847 A EP 08014847A EP 2056260 A2 EP2056260 A2 EP 2056260A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
luminescence intensity
value document
intensity
luminescence
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08014847A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2056260B1 (fr
EP2056260A3 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Schützmann
Hendrik Dr. Derks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke+Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke+Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke+Devrient GmbH
Publication of EP2056260A2 publication Critical patent/EP2056260A2/fr
Publication of EP2056260A3 publication Critical patent/EP2056260A3/fr
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Publication of EP2056260B1 publication Critical patent/EP2056260B1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G07D7/1205—Testing spectral properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking value documents, in particular for detecting forged value documents, and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the light pulses do not end abruptly, but have an afterglow, remains at the time of the phosphorescence signal, due to the afterglow of the UV lamp, but still a certain residual intensity of the excitation light.
  • fluorescent substances present in a value document can be excited to residual fluorescence.
  • the residual fluorescence emitted by the fluorescent substances contributes to a luminescence signal detected in the dark phase, so that the phosphorescence measurement in the dark phase is falsified.
  • the threshold is set relatively high, so that the above-mentioned residual fluorescence of the counterfeits can not lead to exceeding the threshold value.
  • the high threshold may result in the phosphorescence signal from true value documents that are severely polluted not reaching the threshold and being accidentally rejected.
  • a value document with clocked excitation light of a light source is illuminated, which is periodically switched on and off.
  • a first luminescence intensity is detected by the value document or by a subregion of the value document, and a second luminescence intensity is detected within a second time interval in which the light source is switched off.
  • the first luminescence intensity is higher than the second luminescence intensity.
  • the first luminescence intensity is detected exclusively within the first time interval, ie not within the second time interval, the second luminescence intensity is detected only within the second time interval, not within the first time interval.
  • the first and second luminescence intensities are detected at one or more measurement times within the first and second time intervals, respectively, which are either discrete or result from averaging over a detection time window.
  • the second luminescence intensity is linked to the first luminescence intensity.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity essentially corresponds to a phosphorescence signal of the value document or a subarea of the value document.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity is compared with a threshold value.
  • the exceeding of the threshold value can be used as authenticity criterion of the value document.
  • the threshold value can be determined on the basis of a multiplicity of genuine and / or forged value documents, in particular on the basis of a multiplicity of value documents of the type of the value document.
  • the light source preferably emits UV light and is operated, for example, with periodic current pulses, through which the light source is switched on and off.
  • the light emission of the light source follows the timing of the current pulses only slightly delayed, so that the light emission does not end abruptly with the end of the current pulse, but decays only in the course of the second time interval in which the light source is turned off.
  • This afterglow of the light source leads to a remaining, but reduced optical excitation of the fluorescent substances of the value document in the second time interval.
  • a correction of the second luminescence intensity is carried out in order to determine the effects the afterglow to compensate for the detected second luminescence intensity at least partially.
  • the second luminescence intensity is corrected by means of a scaled first luminescence intensity, wherein, for example, the scaled first luminescence intensity is subtracted from the second luminescence intensity.
  • the scaled first luminescence intensity is obtained by scaling the first luminescence intensity with a scaling factor, the scaled first luminescence intensity being less than the first luminescence intensity.
  • the first luminescence intensity may be multiplied by a scaling factor that is less than one.
  • the scaling factor can be determined by an independent measurement of the light emission of the fluorescent substances, independently of the phosphorescence, eg by means of value documents which contain only fluorescent substances but no phosphors.
  • the fluorescent substance is measured, for example, under the same measuring conditions that are present in the method according to the invention.
  • the fluorescence signal of the fluorescence substances is determined at the measurement times also used in the examination of the value document, such as a first fluorescence intensity at the first measurement time and a second fluorescence intensity at the second measurement time.
  • the ratio of the second fluorescence intensities of the second measurement time point determined in the independent measurement to the first fluorescence intensity of the first measurement time point results in the scaling factor valid for these two measurement times.
  • the scaling factor can also be calculated by the ratio of the intensities of the excitation light to the measurement times used in the examination of the value document. Because the fluorescence intensity For each measurement time is approximately proportional to the excitation intensity at the measurement time, the ratio of the intensity of the excitation light to the second measurement time to the intensity of the excitation light to the first measurement time can be used as a scaling factor.
  • the first luminescence intensity is essentially formed by a fluorescence signal of the value document or of the subregion.
  • the scaled first luminescence intensity in this case corresponds to a residual fluorescence of the value document or of the partial region which is excited by the afterglow of the light source.
  • the second luminescence intensity is substantially corrected by the residual fluorescence intensity of the respective partial region. The correction therefore compensates for a fluorescence contribution to the second luminescence intensity which results from the afterglow of the light source.
  • the result for the corrected second luminescence intensity is approximately zero.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity therefore corresponds to the (approximately vanishing) phosphorescence signal of the value document or of the subregion in the case of these value documents or subregions. Since the residual fluorescence depends, for example, on the concentration of the fluorescence substances in the respective subarea of the value document, the correction of the second luminescence intensity is preferably carried out individually for each subarea of the value document.
  • the correction of the second luminescence intensity is performed for the purpose of compensating the residual fluorescence in the case when Value document or a subregion, although fluorescent substances, but no or hardly phosphorescers.
  • the method according to the invention is also carried out for the value documents or subregions which have both substances or else exclusively phosphors.
  • the correction of the second luminescence intensity by the scaled first luminescence intensity also takes place in these cases.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity of the value document or of the subarea with phosphorescent substances corresponds approximately to the phosphorescence signal of the value document or the subarea.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity is used as the phosphorescence signal, in particular for comparison with the threshold value.
  • the value document To test the value document, it is transported along a transport direction through a detection area of a sensor used for testing. Subareas of the value document which are arranged adjacent to the transport direction are checked successively in terms of time. The subareas of the value document, of which a first and a second luminescence intensity is detected, correspond, for example, to one pixel each. However, due to the transport of the value document, the first and second luminescence intensity are not exactly captured by the same pixel of the value document, but they are approximately assigned to a single pixel. The spatial distances of the pixels along the transport direction are determined by the time intervals of the measurement times at which the respective first and second luminescence intensity is detected.
  • a higher clock frequency of the light source also leads to a shortening of the first and second time intervals.
  • the second luminescence intensity must therefore be detected at a higher clock frequency at a shorter distance after the end of the preceding excitation light pulse or after the end of the first time interval than at a lower clock frequency.
  • a higher afterglow of the light source and a larger residual fluorescence signal of the fluorescent substances excited thereby result at a higher clock frequency.
  • the scaling factor is therefore determined for the respective measurement times and the respective clock frequency of the light source and used as a function of the measurement times and the clock frequency.
  • the clock frequency of the light source results from the desired transport speed and from the desired pixel size or spatial resolution in the transport direction.
  • one or more further luminescence intensities can be detected for each pixel in addition to the second luminescence intensity.
  • further corrected luminescence intensities are determined.
  • the first luminescence intensity and / or the second luminescence intensity and / or the further luminescence intensities can each be discrete measured values. However, they can also each result from an averaging over a plurality of measured values, for example from an averaging over a plurality of discrete measured values or from a temporal integration over an acquisition time window at the respective measuring time.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out for one or more subareas of the value document.
  • the corrected second luminescence intensity of each of the plurality of subregions may be compared to an individual threshold. From these comparisons, an overall result can be determined, which is used to check the authenticity of the value document.
  • the first and the second luminescence intensity are determined, e.g. each determined as a function of the location on the value document, wherein preferably a respective two-dimensional distribution of the first and the second luminescence intensity is determined.
  • the examined subregion of the value document contains a plurality of pixels.
  • the subregion is a region of interest (ROI) with several pixels.
  • ROI region of interest
  • first of each pixel of the ROI a first and a second luminescence intensity are detected.
  • the mean of the first and the second luminescent intensity average of the ROI are combined to determine a corrected second luminescence intensity of the ROI.
  • the mean value of the first luminescence intensity is scaled by the scaling factor and subtracted from the mean value of the second luminescence intensity. For the ROI, this results in exactly one corrected second luminescence intensity, which is compared with a threshold value.
  • the tested subregion corresponds to exactly one pixel of the value document, with a corrected one for each pixel second luminescence intensity is determined.
  • the pixels can be distributed over the entire area or also over one or more ROIs of the value document.
  • the value documents which are checked by the method according to the invention are, for example, banknotes. However, it may also be any other value documents of which the luminescence properties are to be tested.
  • a device for checking value documents can be used which has one or more sensors for checking the value documents. The device can be designed in particular for the identification and / or for checking the authenticity of the value documents.
  • FIG. 1a schematically shows the time course of the light intensity of a conventional UV lamp, which is used for the optical excitation of a value document to be tested, for example a hot or cold cathode lamp.
  • the UV lamp is part of a sensor for checking documents of value.
  • the excitation light Eo of the UV lamp is in the case of FIG. 1a clocked at a relatively low clock frequency, for example, 1 kHz.
  • the light pulses of the excitation light E 0 are not ideal rectangular pulses (dashed lines for comparison), but delayed both when switching on and when switching off the UV lamp. After the switch-off time t 0 of the UV lamp, therefore, there is an afterglow of the excitation light.
  • the excitation light leads to a periodic excitation of fluorescent substances and phosphors in the value document to be tested.
  • the time course of a fluorescence signal emitted by the fluorescent substances corresponds approximately to the intensity profile of the excitation light.
  • the fluorescence signal of the value document can be detected during the optical excitation, for example at the time t F.
  • the phosphorescence signal of the value document has a significantly longer decay time. The phosphorescence signal of the value document can therefore be detected in this example after the end of the excitation light pulse, for example at the time t P , independently of the fluorescence signal.
  • FIG. 1b For comparison, the light pulses of an excitation light E of the UV lamp, which has a higher clock frequency than the excitation light Eo FIG. 1a , In contrast to the excitation light Eo, the excitation intensity of the excitation light E does not drop back to zero after the UV lamp has been switched off, ie in the period T off . Also during the period T off , an optical excitation of the fluorescence substances of the value document takes place, so that a fluorescence signal F is also emitted during the period T off , cf.
  • FIG. 2a is shown as a function of the location x on the value document, a spatial distribution of a detected luminescence intensity at time t 2 L2.
  • a luminescence peak which is caused by the phosphorescence signal of phosphors, which are present in this area of the value document.
  • the detected luminescence intensity is formed by the residual fluorescence F 2 of the fluorescence substances present in this region of the value document.
  • the document of value has no phosphors.
  • the measured luminescence intensity is compared in the previous method with a threshold value Tho which lies between the maximum of the residual fluorescence signal F 2 and that of the phosphorescence signal. Due to the residual fluorescence signal F 2 , the threshold Tho must be set relatively high.
  • the t in the period T off for example for measuring time 2 detected second luminescence intensity L 2 corrected by that of L 2, a portion of the first time point t 1 detected first luminescence intensity is subtracted. In the value document regions of the fluorescent substances, the residual fluorescence F 2 present at the time of measurement t 2 is thus essentially subtracted.
  • a scaled first luminescence intensity is calculated for each of the pixels. In order to be independent of changes in the excitation light during the operating period of the light source, the scaled first luminescence intensity for each of the pixels is determined individually by multiplying the first luminescence intensity L 1 detected by the pixel at the measurement time t 1 by one Scaling factor S.
  • the scaling factor S is characteristic for the respectively selected measurement times t 1 and t 2 and for the distance and the pulse shape of the light pulses of the excitation light.
  • the scaling factor S can be determined by an independent measurement of the fluorescent substances on the basis of value documents containing only fluorescent substances, but no phosphors.
  • the fluorescence signal of the fluorescence substances is determined at the measurement times also used in the examination of the value document, either at the discrete measurement times t 1 , t 2 or also over the time course of the fluorescence decrease, cf.
  • Figure 1c From the ratio of the fluorescence intensity determined during the independent measurement to the second measurement time t 2 to the fluorescence intensity at the first measurement time t 1 , the valid for the two measurement times t 1 , t 2 scaling factor S can be determined.
  • the scaling factor can also be determined by dividing the intensity of the excitation light at the second measurement time t 2 (afterglow of the light source) by the intensity of the excitation light at the first measurement time t 1 .
  • the scaled second luminescence intensity S ⁇ L 1 (x, y) is calculated as a function of the position x, y of the subarea on the value document for each of the subregions of the value document to be tested.
  • the scaled second luminescence intensity S ⁇ L 1 (x, y) corresponds to the residual fluorescence intensity F 2 (x, y) present at the second measurement time t 2 .
  • FIG. 2b the spatial distribution of the corrected second luminescence intensity P 2 is shown, which in this way is made up of the second luminescence intensity L 2 FIG. 2a was determined.
  • Th Compared to the original threshold value Tho, it is now possible to use a significantly lower threshold Th with which the corrected second luminescence intensity P 2 is compared in order to check the examined value documents for their phosphorescence properties.
  • Th By comparing the corrected second luminescence intensity with The low threshold Th can also be used to ascertain the authenticity of used value documents whose phosphorescence is reduced due to contamination.
  • luminescence intensities can also be detected at further points in time T off , such as a third luminescence intensity L 3 at time t 3 , a fourth luminescence intensity L 4 at time t 4 , etc., cf. Figure 1c , For each of the measuring times t 3 , t 4 , a respectively valid scaling factor is determined for this measuring time. From the further luminescence intensities L 3 , L 4 , further corrected luminescence intensities P 3 , P 4 are determined by the method according to the invention.
  • the decay behavior of the phosphorescence intensity of one or more phosphors can be determined, which are present in the value document to be tested.
  • the decay behavior can be compared with reference data and used to identify one or more phosphors and / or for checking the authenticity of the value documents.
  • the luminescence intensities can also be detected by temporal integration, for example over a period of time T on or T off or over the entire period T on or T off .
  • a scaling factor valid for the respectively integrated detection time window is then determined.
  • FIG. 3a By way of example, a two-dimensional spatial distribution of the first luminescence intensity L 1 which was detected at a first measurement time t 1 within the time period T on is shown .
  • the luminescence intensity of the pixels for example of pixel A, is given by gray levels, with high luminescence intensities being bright.
  • a phosphor range P of the value document is marked in which phosphors are present and which forms an ROI.
  • the value document also has fluorescent substances which show a clear fluorescence signal, in particular outside the phosphorescence range P.
  • FIG. 3b shows a two-dimensional spatial distribution of the second luminescence intensity L 2 , which was detected at a measurement time t 2 within the period T off .
  • the luminescence intensity is mainly due to the residual fluorescence F 2 of the fluorescent substances.
  • the second luminescence intensity L 2 is determined for each pixel FIG. 3b subtracted the scaled first luminescence intensity S ⁇ L 1 , wherein for scaling the valid for the measurement times t 1 , t 2 scaling factor S is used.
  • the mean values of the first luminescence intensity and the second luminescence intensity can also be determined for the marked phosphorescence range P and, using the scaling factor S, a corrected second luminescence intensity of the phosphorescence range P calculated therefrom.
  • the scaling factor is about 15% in the example shown. From the first luminescence intensity L 1 and from the second luminescence intensity L 2, the results in Figure 3c illustrated corrected second luminescence intensity P 2 . The luminescence intensity detected outside the phosphorescence range P is thereby largely eliminated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
EP08014847.1A 2007-09-20 2008-08-21 Procédé destinés à la vérification de documents de valeur Active EP2056260B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007044878A DE102007044878A1 (de) 2007-09-20 2007-09-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Wertdokumenten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2056260A2 true EP2056260A2 (fr) 2009-05-06
EP2056260A3 EP2056260A3 (fr) 2010-02-17
EP2056260B1 EP2056260B1 (fr) 2019-10-30

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EP08014847.1A Active EP2056260B1 (fr) 2007-09-20 2008-08-21 Procédé destinés à la vérification de documents de valeur

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US (1) US7829869B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2056260B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007044878A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP3147873B1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2022-09-28 Glory Ltd. Dispositif de détection de fluorescence/phosphorescence

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US9493806B2 (en) 2001-06-01 2016-11-15 Colorado State University Research Foundation Enzymatic biosensing systems
US9493805B2 (en) 2001-06-01 2016-11-15 Colorado State University Research Foundation Enzymatic biosensors with enhanced activity retention for detection of organic compounds
US9796998B2 (en) 2007-04-09 2017-10-24 Colorado State University Research Foundation Oxygenase-based biosensing systems for measurement of halogenated alkene concentrations
US8455844B2 (en) * 2009-03-11 2013-06-04 Colorado State University Research Foundation System and method for time-division multiplexed optical sensing of biosensors
US10024797B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2018-07-17 Colorado State University Research Foundation Biosensing systems for measurement of lactose
WO2013019982A2 (fr) 2011-08-02 2013-02-07 Colorado State University Research Foundation Système de biocaptage avec durée de vie prolongée via un recyclage de cofacteur
JP6037889B2 (ja) * 2013-02-25 2016-12-07 オリンパス株式会社 走査型観察装置
JP6247747B2 (ja) * 2014-04-18 2017-12-13 グローリー株式会社 紙葉類真偽判別装置及び紙葉類真偽判別方法
JP6316148B2 (ja) * 2014-09-04 2018-04-25 株式会社東芝 励起光検知装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2056260B1 (fr) 2019-10-30
DE102007044878A1 (de) 2009-04-09
EP2056260A3 (fr) 2010-02-17
US7829869B2 (en) 2010-11-09
US20090078886A1 (en) 2009-03-26

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