EP2059623A1 - Acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation - Google Patents

Acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP2059623A1
EP2059623A1 EP07787731A EP07787731A EP2059623A1 EP 2059623 A1 EP2059623 A1 EP 2059623A1 EP 07787731 A EP07787731 A EP 07787731A EP 07787731 A EP07787731 A EP 07787731A EP 2059623 A1 EP2059623 A1 EP 2059623A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
content
cast steel
sub
aqu
steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07787731A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Weiss
Heiner Gutte
Matthias Radtke
Piotr Scheller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACTech GmbH
Original Assignee
ACTech GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ACTech GmbH filed Critical ACTech GmbH
Publication of EP2059623A1 publication Critical patent/EP2059623A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • the innovation relates to a stainless austenitic cast steel, a process for its production, and its use.
  • Stainless austenitic cast steel alloys are not alloyed with aluminum and generally contain about 1% silicon. Aluminum and higher silicon contents negatively influence the degree of purity of the cast steel, if the contact of the molten steel with oxygen in the metallurgical production process is not prevented. For this reason, the aluminum and silicon content in stainless austenitic cast steel alloys is minimized.
  • austenitic stainless steel cast stainless steel generally has d-ferrite contents of 5 to 10%.
  • the ⁇ ferrite content levels cause an increase in the 0.2% yield strength and tensile strength and a decrease in elongation at break compared to the purely austenitic microstructure state.
  • a coordinated nickel and chromium equivalent is set via the chemical composition of the cast steel. Due to the low d-ferrite content, the solidification structure is changed. Unwanted segregation products that accumulate at the grain boundaries are reduced, which has a positive effect on the hot crack sensitivity.
  • the chromium content in stainless austenitic cast steel is about 19%.
  • molybdenum contents of 2 to 3% are often alloyed.
  • the chromium and molybdenum contents lead to the formation of a passivating protective layer, whereby the Corrosion resistance is increased especially against halides.
  • the ferrite formation is supported.
  • the nickel content in stainless steel is about 10% and the carbon content is about 0.03% [1-3, 6]. Changes in the chemical composition make it possible to produce cast steel alloys with special properties.
  • a stainless steel casting is given, which has a high resistance to vibration cracking and high pitting corrosion resistance.
  • the TRIP effect (transformation induced plasticity) in austenitic cast steel alloys has not yet been investigated in contrast to austenitic steels.
  • Technical applications that use the TRIP effect in austenitic cast steel have also been canceled.
  • the reason for this is obviously due to the fact that austenitic cast steel is not cold-formed and the parts made from it are used in the cast state.
  • the TRIP effect in cast alloys can not technically be used to improve cold workability.
  • austenitic lightweight steels which have a TRIP effect at room temperature and may be alloyed with, inter alia, aluminum and silicon are used in wrought alloys in various industries.
  • austenitic stainless steels and non-passivating steels, e.g. the high manganese austenitic lightweight steels. These steels are characterized by a high cold workability due to the TRIP effect [4, 5].
  • High Manganese austenitic steels usually contain less than 12% chromium, which is why they are not stainless. In these steels, iron-oxide layers form on the surface and the material rusts. If aluminum and silicon oxides are embedded in these rust layers, the corrosion resistance increases.
  • a manganese-containing high-strength lightweight structural steel is described.
  • the concentrations for the alloying elements aluminum, silicon, nickel, manganese and Nitrogen are similar to the concentrations of the steel mold casting according to the invention.
  • this steel contains chromium contents of less than 10% and is thus not a stainless steel.
  • this steel is not used in the cast state, but transformed for body and prestressed concrete parts from semi-finished products.
  • Hot or cold rolled semi-finished products serve as starting material for cold-formed parts.
  • the TRIP effect in austenitic wrought alloys is controlled by the chemical composition of the austenite and the forming conditions [5].
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is the non-use of known from austenitic wrought alloys TRIP effect for cast steel to improve its properties.
  • Ni aqu % Ni + 30% C + 18% N + 0.5% Mn + 0.3% Co + 0.2% Cu - 0.2% Al (2)
  • the advantages of the austenitic cast steel alloys according to the invention lie in the increase in tensile strength and elongation at break. This means that the TRIP effect makes the cast steel stronger and at the same time tougher. He can thus absorb greater forces under load and deform more, without breaking. The scope of the TRIP-Stahlformgusslegtechniken invention is thereby extended. Above all, the resulting lightweight construction saves energy and material costs.
  • Tensile strengths of greater than 550 MPa and elongations at break of more than 30% are achieved for the inventive cast steel. In this way, parts cast from the cast steel can be equipped with a kind of crash reserve. This means that the cast steel mold is cast and integrated into an application without being subjected to a tensile load. However, if there is a crash or heavy load, the part can absorb high tensile and elongation at break due to the potential to exhibit the TRIP effect.
  • the TRIP effect can be influenced by the chemical composition of austenite.
  • a vote of the austenite and ferrite stabilizing elements differ with the same chemical composition.
  • austenitic cast structures exhibit settling-related segregations, which are largely retained during technical cooling.
  • dendritic solidification influences the defect structure of austenite.
  • austenite-stabilizing elements accumulate preferentially in austenite. At the same time austenite is depleted of ferrite stabilizing elements. The influence of these factors on the TRIP effect in cast steel alloys is not yet known.
  • the cast structure of the material according to the invention must consist of metastable austenite.
  • the austenite has a tendency to form deformation-induced martensite at room temperature and at low temperatures.
  • a corresponding chromium and nickel equivalent is set in austenitic cast steel. That is, the chemical composition of the steels must be matched with respect to the ferrite-stabilizing and austenite-stabilizing elements, as stated in the claim.
  • the chrome and nickel equivalent for austenitic cast steel with TRIP effect differs from the chromium and nickel equivalent for austenitic wrought alloys with TRIP effect.
  • Nickel and / or manganese are alloyed with austenitic cast steel to form austenite at high temperatures.
  • Manganese is used as a cheaper substitution element for nickel. This is usually associated with a deterioration of corrosion resistance.
  • the addition of nitrogen may compensate for this negative effect. Nitrogen improves the strength and corrosion properties [8] and at the same time achieves austenite stabilization.
  • the chromium content of the cast steel according to the invention is between 12 and 20% but under 10%. Steel with more than 12% chromium is the guarantor for the passivation of the material.
  • chromium is alloyed as a ferrite-stabilizing element. At the same time, it also influences austenite stability by causing martensite formation increasing chromium content difficult.
  • the contents of austenite- and ferrite-stabilizing elements are to be matched to one another.
  • the elements aluminum and silicon are used to adjust once the required chromium or nickel equivalent.
  • the influence of austenite-dissolved aluminum and silicon on the corresponding equivalents is described by means of impact factors.
  • different levels of aluminum and silicon can be used to set the TRIP effect in a targeted manner via the solution or precipitation state of nitrides, such as AlN.
  • nitrides such as AlN.
  • finely dispersed AlN precipitates in the fine-grained austenite additionally improve the profile of the cast steel in terms of its strength and toughness properties.
  • the more readily available elements silicon and aluminum can replace more expensive alloying elements in steel, such as nickel and chromium.
  • the austenitic cast stainless steel according to the invention has a manganese content of 0 to 25%, a chromium content of 12 to 20%, but never less than 10%, a nickel content of 0 to 12%, a niobium content of 0 to 1, 2%, a Tantalum content of 0 to 1, 2%, a carbon content of 0.01 to 0.15%, a nitrogen content of 0.005 to 0.5%, a copper content of 0 to 4%, a cobalt content of 0 to 1%, a molybdenum content of 0 to 4%, a tungsten content of 0 to 3%, a titanium content of 0 to 1% and a vanadium content of 0 to 0.15%.
  • the mechanical properties improve.
  • the tensile strength increases to values of more than 550 MPa and the elongation at break of more than 30% is reached.
  • the cast steel material behaves particularly tough despite the increased strength values.
  • the erfmdungssiee steel casting has a high energy absorption capacity at room temperature and low temperatures.
  • the energy absorption capacity at room temperature for these alloys is between about 0.30-0.40 J / mm 3 . This means that at a sudden stress, such.
  • the steel casting is solidified and deformed at the same time, without breaking.
  • the steel casting is particularly suitable for crash-stressed components in the automotive industry.
  • the manganese content is from 0 to 25%, the chromium content from 12 to 20%, the nickel content from 0 to 12%, the niobium content from 0 to 1, 2%, the tantalum content from 0 to 0.2%, the carbon content of 0.01 to 0.15%, the nitrogen content of 0.005 to 0.5%, the copper content of 0 to 4%, the cobalt content of 0 to 1%, the molybdenum content of 0 to 4%, the tungsten content of 0 to 3%, the titanium content from 0 to 1%, and the vanadium content from 0 to 0.15%.
  • the stainless austenitic cast steel according to the invention preferably has a chromium content of 16.5%, a nickel content of 6.5%, a silicon content of 1.1%, a manganese content of 7% and an aluminum content of 0.05%.
  • the carbon content is 0.04% and the nitrogen content is 0.1% .4.
  • Ni equi % Ni + 30% C + 18% N + 0.5% Mn + 0.3% Co + 0.2% Cu - 0.2% Al (2)
  • the cast steel may be subjected to a heat treatment in a further step.
  • the alloy used in the process has a manganese content of 0 to 25%, a chromium content of 12 to 20%, a nickel content of 0 to 12%, a niobium content of 0 to 1, 2%, a tantalum content of 0 to 0.2%. , a carbon content of 0.01 to 0.15 %, a nitrogen content of 0.005 to 0.5%, a copper content of 0 to 4%, a cobalt content of 0 to 1%, a molybdenum content of 0 to 4%, a tungsten content of 0 to 3%, a titanium content of 0 to 1 %, and a vanadium content of 0 to 0.15%.
  • the alloy used in the process has a manganese content of 5 to 12%, a nickel content of 2 to 8%, a copper content of 0 to 2%, a cobalt content of 0 to 0.5%, a molybdenum content of 0 to 2.5%. , and / or a tungsten content of 0 to 0.5%.
  • the object is also achieved by a cast steel, produced by a method as described above, characterized in that the cast steel has a tensile strength greater than 550 MPa and an elongation at break over 30%.
  • the cast steel exhibits a TRIP effect under load.
  • a method according to the invention for the use of a steel casting in a technical application comprises the steps of: carrying out the method steps of one of the methods as described above for the production of the cast steel; and use of the steel die casting in the technical application, wherein the use is carried out after the casting without the execution of a chipless forming process.
  • Non-cutting or non-cutting forming processes are in the context of this invention, all forming processes that would trigger the TRIP process in the steel casting by mechanical action. These forming processes, such as rolling, forging, pressing, etc. are not carried out, so that the steel casting after use in the application still has the potential to show the TRIP effect and thus in the case of a load situation, a reserve in terms of tensile strength and elongation at break having.
  • machining operations of the steel mold casting which do not trigger a TRIP effect, can be carried out without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the casting of steel is used as casting material for components used in plant and refrigeration technology, plants and components for the production of gases and liquefaction and fractionation of gases, for applications in vehicle and aircraft construction, for crash-impacted parts, such as crash boxes in motor vehicles Components for Transport of liquid gases and as a component, which is exposed to low temperatures, and / or used as a cast steel foam for foamed parts.
  • An inventive component for vehicle or aircraft construction in particular crash box, A, B or C pillar of a motor vehicle, is designed as a steel mold casting as described above.
  • the austenitic cast steel has an austenitic structure at room temperature with 5% ⁇ ferrite. Due to the tensile effect triggered TRIP effect tensile strengths of more than 550 MPa and elongation at break of more than 30% can be achieved. At temperatures below room temperature, the cast steel material behaves tough despite increased strength values.
  • the steel casting according to the invention has an energy absorption capacity at room temperature of about 0.37 J / mra 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, présentant une résistance à la traction supérieure à 550 MPa et des allongements à la rupture supérieurs à 30%. Elle est caractérisée en ce que l'acier moulé, pour une teneur en aluminium de 0 à 4% et une teneur en silicium de 1 à 4%, se situe dans un domaine d'alliage qui est défini par les coordonnées de quatre points (Cr<SUB>éq</SUB> = 14 ; Ni<SUB>éq</SUB> = 8), (Cr<SUB>éq</SUB> = 14 ; Ni<SUB>éq</SUB> = 14), (Cr<SUB>éq</SUB> = 22 ; Ni<SUB>éq</SUB> = 8) et (Cr<SUB>éq</SUB> = 22 ; Ni<SUB>éq</SUB> = 16), les équivalents chrome et nickel étant calculés au moyen des relations 1 et 2 : Cr<SUB>éq</SUB> = % Cr + % Mo + 1,5% Si + 0,5% W + 0,9% Nb + 4% Al +4% Ti + 1,5% V + 0,9% Ta (1) Ni<SUB>éq</SUB> = % Ni + 30% C + 18% N + 0,5% Mn + 0,3% Co + 0,2% Cu - 0,2% Al (2) à partir de la composition chimique de l'acier moulé, les pourcentages étant exprimés en masse, et le reste étant constitué essentiellement de fer et d'autres éléments associés de l'acier moulé (O, P, S), et elle est également caractérisée en ce que cet acier moulé présente un effet TRIP et en ce qu'il est utilisé comme matière pour la construction d'installations industrielles et frigorifiques, notamment pour des installations et des composants d'extraction de gaz et de liquéfaction et de fractionnement de gaz, et comme matière dans la construction de véhicules spéciaux et d'aéronefs pour le transport de gaz liquéfiés, et pour des composants qui sont exposés à de basses températures ainsi que pour des pièces coulées soumises à des charges de collision.
EP07787731A 2006-07-20 2007-07-19 Acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation Ceased EP2059623A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006033973A DE102006033973A1 (de) 2006-07-20 2006-07-20 Nichtrostender austenitischer Stahlguss und seine Verwendung
PCT/EP2007/057473 WO2008009722A1 (fr) 2006-07-20 2007-07-19 acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2059623A1 true EP2059623A1 (fr) 2009-05-20

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EP07787731A Ceased EP2059623A1 (fr) 2006-07-20 2007-07-19 Acier moulé austénitique inoxydable, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20090324441A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2059623A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5340148B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20090035710A (fr)
CN (1) CN101490297B (fr)
CA (1) CA2657747A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006033973A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2451763C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008009722A1 (fr)

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CN119876743B (zh) * 2024-12-24 2025-11-25 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 一种高强度铸钢合金的制作方法及应用

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WO2008009722A1 (fr) 2008-01-24
CN101490297B (zh) 2012-02-01
RU2009105693A (ru) 2010-08-27
US20090324441A1 (en) 2009-12-31
KR20090035710A (ko) 2009-04-10
CA2657747A1 (fr) 2008-01-24
DE102006033973A1 (de) 2008-01-24
JP2009543952A (ja) 2009-12-10
JP5340148B2 (ja) 2013-11-13
RU2451763C2 (ru) 2012-05-27
CN101490297A (zh) 2009-07-22

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