EP2062647A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'un granulé de scorie compressible - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un granulé de scorie compressible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2062647A2
EP2062647A2 EP08020485A EP08020485A EP2062647A2 EP 2062647 A2 EP2062647 A2 EP 2062647A2 EP 08020485 A EP08020485 A EP 08020485A EP 08020485 A EP08020485 A EP 08020485A EP 2062647 A2 EP2062647 A2 EP 2062647A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slag
washing
water
fine grain
wash
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08020485A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2062647A3 (fr
Inventor
Heiner Dr.-Ing. Zwar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanseatisches Schlackenkontor GmbH
Original Assignee
Hanseatisches Schlackenkontor GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Hanseatisches Schlackenkontor GmbH filed Critical Hanseatisches Schlackenkontor GmbH
Publication of EP2062647A2 publication Critical patent/EP2062647A2/fr
Publication of EP2062647A3 publication Critical patent/EP2062647A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for preparing a, in particular compactable and especially immediately after the preparation (in particular without intermediate storage) preferably room-stable, slag granules, in particular from waste incineration slag.
  • slag is used in both geology and engineering.
  • technical slag specifically slag originating from waste incineration, is referred to without further reference.
  • the slag is used as a ground attachment with cement or as a substitute building material for lean concrete (leaflet for the installation of emvau-mix / SBH Spezial-Beton Hamburg GmbH / page 1).
  • the treated slag must meet the requirements and guidelines for use as building material and environmentally relevant conditions (previously stated in the notifications of the LAGA 20).
  • the water content c), the Proctor density d) and the bulk density e) are of particular importance when the building material comes into contact with other building materials or even to form a compound.
  • building materials may contain selected chemicals only in commercial and private areas within legal limits. This applies in particular to chemicals that easily emit or dissolve when in contact with liquids and / or can contaminate the groundwater.
  • the particle size distribution g) of a building material significantly determines the ability to be used in road construction. Building materials used here must be easy to process and compact. The ability to compact granules, such as sand, or a mixture of stones and gravel depends on its particle size distributions. If, for example, only large-grained stones were used for a base course in road construction, gaps would form between the stones which would shift with continuous time and load. The result would be the rapid erosion or even premature destruction of the roads. The other extreme, the exclusive use of very small granules for Producing a base course in road construction, often does not lead to the desired success, since the fine granules yield under high load.
  • the requirement h ie the space stability, refers to non-inert building materials, which may still be able to carry out chemical reactions after their intended installation and change their volume as a result of these reactions.
  • these volume changes in both the positive and in the negative direction are detrimental to space-resistant materials, since the use of space-resistant materials is much easier, easier to plan and therefore cheaper.
  • the slag products are known to be stored for at least three months, with the aim of the requirement h), so the space stability to achieve. This period usually needs to be fully exploited to await active carbonation and sulfate reactions and associated slag volume changes. Once the reactions have been completed, it can be assumed that the slag is inert and, as a result, room-stable. At present, no methods or principles are known from the prior art that disclose or make it apparent to those skilled in the art how the time requirement can be reduced or even avoided until room stability is achieved.
  • the slag processed according to the prior art additionally lacks the fulfillment of the feature g) for certain applications, such as road construction, ie the particle size distribution according to a specific screening characteristic.
  • a corresponding screening characteristic is at least immediately not met.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide slag, in particular from a waste incineration plant, at least without time-consuming storage as an alternative building material available.
  • waste incineration slag is washed to produce a particularly compactable and / or space-stable slag granules.
  • the fine grain fraction of the slag with a particle diameter smaller than 0.1 mm is washed out and washed by the washing with a washing water, whereby by this process the fine grain fraction by at least 50%, in particular by 75% to 95% - preferably by at least 80%, 85% or 90% - reduced (reduction rate).
  • the residual amounts of the non-washed out fine-grained fraction of the slag have a positive effect on the compactability of the washed slag granules.
  • the laundry is carried out in particular mechanically by a sword wash and in particular in connection with a worm wash (in particular a sand screw).
  • the remaining grain fraction of the slag ( ⁇ 0.1 mm) is left essentially unchanged - or at least left in the range of still relatively fine grain size (0.1 mm to 2.0 mm) at least so far as to have at least a good compaction capability the slag is preserved.
  • the fine grain content of the slag with a grain diameter of less than 0.1 mm has in general and occupied by series of experiments on a higher concentration of sulfates and carbonates.
  • a further volume increase is caused by the third reaction (equation 3).
  • Calcium aluminate which is often part of an unpurified or insufficiently purified slag from a waste incinerator, reacts with the sulfate-rich water to ettringite.
  • the washing process may preferably be dependent on process variables and / or parameters by changing the liquid feed, the slag feed and / or changing other process parameters and / or sizes are regulated and / or controlled.
  • a particularly advantageous compromise between effort and The result can be achieved if the washing process is preferably controlled and / or regulated exclusively by the change in the liquid feed, with the aim of reducing the fine grain fraction according to the features of claim 1.
  • the washing in particular to accelerate the washing process and / or to increase the homogeneity of the suspension of slag and wash water, the washing may be hydrodynamically and / or mechanically assisted.
  • Embodiments may be the sword laundry, the set laundry, in particular the vertical net wash and / or the worm wash (in particular sand screw).
  • the laundry is carried out by a sword wash, in particular in conjunction with a Schneckenskysche (in particular sand screw).
  • a washing liquid In a countercurrent process, in particular in countercurrent to a slag to a washing liquid, a washing liquid, preferably supported by mechanical friction of the slag grains with each other to separate the fine grain content of the slag.
  • the separated by a Schneckenmaschinesche or sand snail fine grain content occurs with the wash water mostly at the bottom of an inclined sword wash and / or a sand snail.
  • the mechanical embodiments can be used in several, preferably in successive process steps, in which the washing can be carried out in each case in a co-current and / or countercurrent process.
  • the slag washing is done with a sword wash in conjunction with a Schneckenmaschinesche (in particular sand snail), wherein particularly preferably the sand screw is an integral part of the Schwerticasche.
  • the washing process can also have discontinuous sections. Resting pools in which a quasi-stationary movement prevails can contribute to the separation of the fine grain fraction from the main grain fraction of the slag.
  • Additives in the washing water of the washing process can be advantageously used for a chemical precipitation, in particular for the precipitation of heavy metals such as copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel or cadmium.
  • washing water which emerges from the washing process can preferably be recirculated after a reprocessing (ie in particular after a separation of the slag contents from the water) (preferably internally recycled to the washing process) and / or for others
  • Process steps, in particular for exhaust gas purification, used or the receiving water are supplied.
  • the use of the slag wash according to the invention is particularly advantageous even when the main grain fraction has a secondary glass content.
  • Glass which generally has a different light index than the slag itself, can be recognized and / or separated by an optical process.
  • the application of these methods generally requires, in the first place, that a beam of light can strike the glass - and be reflected or refracted to make the glass optically detectable - and, in this case, that the fines of the slag do not cover the glass and not impermeable to light.
  • the slag adhering to the glass can be substantially suspended in the washing water, so that the transparency for light can be restored and, in this connection, an optical method for separation becomes applicable.
  • the secondary glass component of the slag becomes visually recognizable and can preferably be recognized opto-electronically and / or separated pneumatically.
  • the slag in particular which does not have the particle size distribution of a given sieving characteristic, can be divided into different particle sizes, in particular by sieving into individual fractions, in at least one separate and / or integrated, possibly following process step in order to market the individual fractions directly therefrom or preferably by weighing individual fractions of the washed slag to produce mixtures with specific screening characteristics for different requirements.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a possible process sequence according to the invention.
  • Slag from a waste incineration plant and water, which enters the washing process, are supplied to the laundry.
  • the slag washing has two process sections, the vertical set washing and the separation of water.
  • the vertical net wash is characterized by a vertically moving, preferably oscillating, vessel through which two volume flows flow vertically in countercurrent flow.
  • the opposing flow rates are, on the one hand, the water entering the washing process and, on the other hand, the slag from the waste incineration plant.
  • the upper and lower sides of the vessel each have an inflow and an outflow.
  • the mass flows at the two tributaries are the mass flows of slag and water, which enter the washing process. Due to the countercurrent effect, this method is particularly effective to dissolve the fines of the slag in the water.
  • the suspension of the washing process consisting of the water and the main grain fraction of the slag, is separated in the second process section.
  • the separated water is further supplied to the previously exiting at the top of the vessel suspension of fines and water.
  • the end products of the slag wash are thus on the one hand the main grain content of the slag and on the other hand the suspension of water and the fine grain content of the slag, which is subsequently fed to the water treatment.
  • the separation of the fine grain fraction of the water takes place in particular by the use of different specific weights, preferably using a centrifuge.
  • the separated fine grain content is, preferably via an intermediate storage in the refuse bunker, returned to the combustion chamber, so that no new waste.
  • the complementary separated water is supplied to the receiving water or can be used in various process sections of the waste incineration plant.
  • the thus purified slag has a main grain content with a grain diameter of at least 0.1 mm.
  • the moisture content of the main grain content of the slag is low, because it is well drained because of the lack of fines by gravity. Due to the separation of the fine grain content, it is not necessary to deposit the slag in order to wait for the carbonation and sulfate reactions and thus the space stability.
  • the purified slag can rather be used immediately as a building material.
  • the main grain fraction is within the tolerance interval of a sieve characteristic, as described, for example, in US Pat FIG. 3 is shown, the main grain content can be used directly for the substitution of building materials. If the main grain fraction has components outside the tolerance interval of the desired sieving characteristic, the missing main grain fraction can be mixed in at the same time or later. For other applications, it is also useful to separate the purified slag into different particle size ranges.
  • sieving for example, the main grain fraction of the slag can be divided into a range of smaller, medium and larger grain sizes in a further process step, for example.
  • the individual grain sizes can be marketed separately and used for example as additives and / or fillers or they can later according to the required mass fractions are mixed together in particular by weighing the individual shares for the required Siebkennline.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrated process sequence for the treatment of slag, in particular from waste incineration plants, comprises an advantageous coupling of preferred method sections.
  • the introductory process section of the slag wash is subdivided into the subsections of sword washing, slug washing (in particular sand screw) and the separation of the suspension, the skilled person being familiar with both the sword and the worm scrubbing from the gravel preparation.
  • the slag originating from the waste incineration plant is supplied to the swordwash as well as the washing water.
  • this first wash several swords mounted on a rotating shaft mix the slag and water in a slanted trough.
  • the sword wash is preferably carried out continuously in countercurrent process. According to the arrangement FIG.
  • the sword washing is used in particular for the pre-purification of the slag, because the output side of the first leaving mass flow is passed consisting of coarser main grain fraction and water, for separating the water, whereas the second leaving mass flow consisting of water, fine grain content and the mostly finer main grain content of the Schneckenskysche (especially sand snail) is forwarded.
  • the second outlet mass flow is separated into the fine grain fraction with water and in the proportionate main grain fraction with water, the latter suspension, together with the suspension from the Schwerticasche in the last step, the separation of the water occurs.
  • the separated water is fed to the suspension of fines and water.
  • the final products of the slag wash are the main grain content of the slag with all grain diameters greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, and the suspension of water and the fine grain content of the slag with a grain diameter smaller than 0.1 mm.
  • secondary components such as glass or metal are separated by a further process step.
  • the methods to be used depend significantly on the secondary components.
  • an optical method makes sense, which can distinguish and separate the slag from the glass content due to different refractions.
  • Other methods that rely on magnetic interactions or that utilize the different densities of slag and secondary components are also useful, for example, to separate metals.
  • the assessment for the use of the purified slag in later applications is generally carried out by an analysis of the particle size distribution, according to the invention preferably the distribution for use in civil engineering and civil engineering and is limited by a tolerance interval to a defined for the particular purpose Siebkennline , and in particular to a construction characteristic adapted sieve characteristic, as exemplified in FIG. 3 is shown.
  • a sieve characteristic is known to show the sieve passage in relation to the mesh size of the sieve.
  • a tolerance interval, consisting of its upper and lower limits around a desired screening characteristic takes into account the generally permissible tolerance in accordance with the building physics requirements.
  • the following instructions for Toteranzintervalle certain defined by the mesh size grain sizes contains: for a mesh size of 0.06 mm, a tolerance range of 0 wt .-% to 7 wt .-% and preferably a Sieb trimlass of about 0.7 wt.
  • % for a mesh width of 0.5 mm, a tolerance range of 5% by weight to 35% by weight and preferably a sieve port of 10% by weight, for a mesh width of 2 mm a tolerance range of 16% by weight to 47 wt .-% and preferably a sieve passage of 31.5 wt .-% and for a mesh size of 16 mm, a tolerance range of 55 wt .-% to 85 wt .-% and preferably a sieve passage of 70 wt .-%.
  • Possible process variables and / or parameters by means of which the washing process is regulated and / or controlled in order to ensure the washing out of the particles according to the invention ⁇ 0.1 mm, can be a volume flow and / or a flow velocity and / or a flow direction of the washing water each with respect to the slag and / or thereof and / or from a contour of a flow path (for example, changeable inflow directions of the water).
  • a desired Siebkennline preferably a road-adapted Siebkennline having process variables and parameters, such as, for example, the supplied water and slag quantities and / or shaft speed of Schwerticasche and / or transmits the mean vibration frequency of the vertical setting machine of the control and control unit.
  • the control and / or control unit alters process variables and parameters with the aim not to leave either the desired sieve characteristic of the main grain fraction of the slag, in particular in the range of the smaller grain sizes (or possibly even to adjust the grain size components accordingly), as well as the fine grain fraction ⁇ 0.1 mm from the main grain content of the slag.
  • a suitable manipulated variable is the liquid supply, both for the sword and the Schneckenskysche (especially sand screw), is.
  • the quality of the slag can be improved very quickly and an advantageous compromise between effort and result can be achieved.
  • the purified slag substantially exclusively on the main grain content of the slag, which is preferably adjusted only by grain diameter less than or equal to 0.1 mm, therefore, space-resistant and the desired Siebkennline corresponds - so that these purified Slag can be used immediately after the treatment and / or after sufficient drainage in road construction.

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EP08020485A 2007-11-26 2008-11-26 Procédé de fabrication d'un granulé de scorie compressible Withdrawn EP2062647A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710057106 DE102007057106A1 (de) 2007-11-26 2007-11-26 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verdichtungsfähigen Schlackegranulats

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2062647A2 true EP2062647A2 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP2062647A3 EP2062647A3 (fr) 2012-12-19

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EP08020485A Withdrawn EP2062647A3 (fr) 2007-11-26 2008-11-26 Procédé de fabrication d'un granulé de scorie compressible

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011013030A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Alexandra Beckmann Aufbereiten von Müllverbrennungsasche
WO2015179762A1 (fr) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Tav Holdings, Inc. Système et procédé de récupération de métaux dans un flux de déchets
DE102017102762B4 (de) 2017-02-13 2023-06-15 Precitec Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Erkennen von Fügepositionen von Werkstücken und Laserbearbeitungskopf mit einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2375153B1 (fr) 2010-04-12 2018-09-26 Heiner Zwahr Traitement de cendres volantes

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1192994B (de) * 1964-11-09 1965-05-20 Schuechtermann & Kremer Verfahren zum Aufbereiten der Rueckstaende aus der Verbrennung von Muell
ES2015542B3 (es) * 1986-04-12 1990-09-01 Friedrich Weyrich Procedimiento y dispositivo para preparacion de escoria.
CH676116A5 (en) * 1988-03-24 1990-12-14 Ammann U Maschf Ag Gravel substitute prodn. from waste slag - of an incineration plant by water washing and sieving after removing large particles and ferrous material
AT398537B (de) * 1991-02-01 1994-12-27 Binder Co Ag Sortiereinrichtung
DE19508488C3 (de) * 1995-03-09 2001-03-15 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von deponiefähigen oder weiterverarbeitbaren Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage
DE19536374C1 (de) * 1995-09-29 1996-11-14 Dsu Gmbh Verfahren zur Auftrennung von Müllverbrennungsaschen in Eisen und mineralischen Fraktionen
DE19727172C2 (de) * 1996-06-26 2002-10-17 Gerhard Scherer Verfahren zur mechanischen Aufbereitung von gealterter Schlacke und dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Sekundärbaustoffen
DE10021792C2 (de) * 2000-05-10 2002-03-21 Gerhard Scherer Verfahren zur Herstellung von verfestigten Produkten für die Bauindustrie
DE10213790B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2006-05-24 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Abfallverbrennung in einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011013030A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Alexandra Beckmann Aufbereiten von Müllverbrennungsasche
WO2012119739A3 (fr) * 2011-03-04 2013-03-28 Friedrich-Wilhelm Evers Traitement de cendres issues de l'incinération de déchets
US20140054202A1 (en) * 2011-03-04 2014-02-27 Friedrich-Wilhelm Evers Processing of waste incineration ashes
US20150129466A1 (en) * 2011-03-04 2015-05-14 Friedrich-Wilhelm Evers Processing of waste incineration ashes
US9216419B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2015-12-22 Friedrich-Wilhelm Evers Processing of waste incineration ashes
WO2015179762A1 (fr) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Tav Holdings, Inc. Système et procédé de récupération de métaux dans un flux de déchets
DE102017102762B4 (de) 2017-02-13 2023-06-15 Precitec Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Erkennen von Fügepositionen von Werkstücken und Laserbearbeitungskopf mit einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

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EP2062647A3 (fr) 2012-12-19
DE102007057106A1 (de) 2009-05-28

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