Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
  • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure

Definitions

• Surge arrester with a housing and at least one
• the invention relates to a surge arrester having a housing and at least one diverting element, for example a varistor, and a disconnecting device for disconnecting the diverter element (s) from the mains, the divider device comprising a soldering point which is integrated into the electrical connection path inside the diverter, via the solder joint, a movable conductor section or a movable conductive bridge with the discharge element on the one hand and the conductor section or the bridge on the other hand connected to a first electrical external terminal of the arrester, and comprising a biasing force generating means, such as spring, wherein the relevant force vector directly or indirectly via a movable separating block acts on the conductor section or the bridge in the separating direction, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 as an addition to German Patent Application No. 10 2006 052 955.3.
• the low-impedance short circuit path connected in this way can be z. B. be used to actuate an upstream switching element, which is set to the short-circuit current of the relevant network, or to produce a defined continuous short circuit, which is defined in certain applications as a so-called fail-safe state.
• the switching element is a changeover contact.
• the changeover contact closes the varistor circuit in a known manner via a soldering point. If the switching element is triggered, another contact is closed, which can be connected either as an internal or external defect indicator or just via a corresponding external connection as a short circuit.
• the prior art includes the arrangement for the derivation of surges, with several Ü berditionsbegrenzende element such. B. varistors or diodes, and z. B. triggered by overheating or detection of the leakage current triggering means are provided according to DE 41 24 321 C2.
• B. varistors or diodes varistors or diodes
• at least two overvoltage limiting elements are arranged, of which each element is sufficiently dimensioned for itself to ensure the overvoltage protection at the relevant site.
• a thermal shutdown in the sense of a thermal fuse monitors the leakage current of the surge limiting elements, so that z. B. a first element is switched off when overheating and a second element can be switched on.
• disconnecting devices for overvoltage arresters which are known per se are equipped with an additional connection which extends the existing disconnection function by a short-circuit function which leads to the fault current for a limited time. It is proposed that the additional connection different design, so that even when needed, an activation from the outside of the corresponding realized surge arrester is possible.
• the separating device comprises a solder joint with a solder which melts at the corresponding response temperature.
• the separating device can also be realized by other melting materials, which themselves have no conductive properties, namely, when the electrical connection to the connection path is made via a bridge part whose mechanical position is secured by means of the melting material.
• At least one conductive element is arranged in the path of movement of the spring-biased conductor or the spring-biased bridge, the first end of which comes into contact with the conductor section or the bridge when the disconnecting device is triggered.
• the second end of the conductive element is in communication with a second external electrical connection. Furthermore, means are provided for protecting the contact point between the conductor section or bridge and the conductive element before wegspratzenden Lotresten or solder material or the aforementioned melting materials.
• the conductive element is designed as a bridge-like bracket whose second end is connectable to the external electrical connection when tightening a clamp provided for this purpose. In this way, the assembly is simplified because the bridge-like bracket does not need to be contacted separately.
• the first end of the conductive element has a quasi-flat or slightly curved plate shape, wherein the plate has a substantially parallel orientation to the conductor portion or to the bridge, with respect to the separation case. Due to this parallel orientation, the largest possible, low-ohmic contact and concerns should be realized.
• the plate may have on its underside directed to the second end of a recess or a recess for receiving wegspratzendem solder or melting material. In this way, it is effectively prevented that solder deposits on the plate and forms raised areas there, with the consequence of an undesirable contact resistance.
• the recess is also able to absorb any eroded material of the conductor section or the bridge.
• the conductive element can be subsequently inserted into the arrester in order to realize not only a disconnect but also a short-circuit fail-safe function.
• the preferably provided bridge-like bracket as a conductive element has means for attachment to or in the arrester housing.
• the conductive element is dimensioned or designed so that after a predetermined time, the short-circuit function is canceled.
• the means for attaching z Example, a groove or a recess in the bracket and a complementary thereto nose or a counter-groove in the housing for producing a positive connection. Special modifications of such a fastener are of course the possible alternatives.
• a Isolierplättchen between the conductive element and the conductor portion or the bridge can be arranged.
• the conductive element may be provided, at least at its first end, with a releasable insulating coating, e.g. B. be provided in the form of an insulating tube.
• a releasable insulating coating e.g. B. be provided in the form of an insulating tube.
• the insulating plate and the insulating coating can be removed via a suitable opening in the housing to release the additional function "short circuit".
• the relative distance between the conductive member and the conductor portion or the bridge can be adjusted.
• a limiting element z. B. in the form of a pin, bolt or the like stop.
• the insulating plate or the pin or bolt accessible from outside through the housing, in particular in order to be able to subsequently remove these means.
• the respectively activated short-circuit function can be signaled via a display. It can also be provided to seal the access for removing the insulating plate, the pin or the pin. An example thinkable plug-like seal takes with the removal of the insulating plate or the pin or the bolt. Such a seal-free surge arrester indicates the intended additional short-circuit function.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a trap with varistors and combined separation and short-circuiting properties
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a separation device with switching function not triggered in the state
• Fig. 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2, but in the state triggered and short circuit.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the switching device with removable insulating plate.
• 5a and 5b show a further embodiment of the switching device, wherein the short-circuit function is adjustable by eccentric controlled movement of the conductive element;
• FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a surge arrester having a housing and a varistor discharge element as well as a thermal cut-off device, wherein a cut-off block transmits a mechanical movement to the thermal cut-off device and, in the event of disconnection, short-circuiting via a bridge-like hoop as a conductive element;
• Figure 6b is a representation similar to that of Figure 6 but in the separated state and tripped short circuit.
• Fig. 6a is a detail of the plate-shaped end of the bridge-like bracket with recognizable recess in the shorting position with respect to the tongue and
• Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram with a conductive element as a switching device.
• a varistor 2 is connected between the external terminals A and B.
• This varistor 2 can be cut off via a separating device (switching tongue) 3, which is thermally triggered. Between the points a and c there is usually an electrical connection via a conductor section or a bridge, in the non-triggered state.
• the separating device 1 is triggered and it was a compound on the way a to b using a shorting bar 4 made, which bridges the varistor 2.
• the actuated or triggered short-circuit state is shown by dashed lines between the points a and b according to figure.
• the switching movement is performed after the soldering of a solder under the influence of a compression spring 6 (reference numeral 11 of FIG. 6 and 6 b).
• FIG. 2 schematically shows the embodiment of a switching device 1 with a disconnecting and short-circuit function in the non-actuated or non-triggered state.
• the actuated, d. H. triggered short-circuit state is shown in phantom in FIG. 2 in the illustration between the points a and b.
• the switching movement takes place after the Auslötvorgang under the influence of the force of the spring 6.
• the tongue 3, which forms the conductor portion is thus used simultaneously to realize the desired short circuit between the connection points A and B by these in abutment with the conductive Element or the shorting bar 4 passes.
• an insulating plate 7 is arranged so that the switching tongue 3 or 3 'can not get into contact with the shorting bar 4. This means that the movement path of the switching tongue 3, 3 'is limited by the insulating plate 7.
• a pin or a bolt can be used in accordance with the invention. find or it is possible to cover at least the dashed end of the shorting bar 4 with a removable insulating tube.
• a movable part 4' of the shorting bar with respect to the rigid bracket part 4" can be changed, so that, as shown in FIG. 5b, it is possible to make contact with the switching tongue 3, which is not possible in the position of the movable part of the shorting bar 4 'according to FIG. 5a.
• a stop 9 is provided in this embodiment.
• the eccentric 8 can easily via an opening in the housing shown in dashed lines in its various positions as shown in FIG. 5a and 5b are adjusted, and it is also clear by the recognizable free operating end of the eccentric 8, which respective state (short circuit or not) is present.
• a shorting bar 4 'mounted above the pivot point 5 is therefore located outside the operating radius and the effective range of the switching tongue 3, so that contact via the path a / b is prevented.
• a surge arrester with an additional short-circuit function is integrated in a housing 10. With help of a pivotally mounted Abtrennbocks 13 and the tension spring 11 acts a bias on the switching tab 3, which is connected by means of a solder 14 with a guided through the housing partition 15 terminal 16 of a (not shown) varistor.
• the conductive element is formed according to the embodiment of FIG. 6 as a bridge-like bracket 17.
• This bridge-like bracket 17 has a first end in plate form 18.
• a second end of the bridge-like bracket 17 is connected to an external electrical connection when tightening a clamp provided for this purpose 19 in connection.
• the plate-shaped end 18 of the bridge-like bracket 17 has on its underside directed to the second end a recess 20 for receiving in the separation case possibly wegspratzendem solder from the soldering point 14.
• the bridge-like bracket 17 can be fixed via means for fastening 21 on or in the arrester housing 10.
• the distance between the plate-shaped end 18 of the conductive member and the conductor portion 3 can be adjusted or changed by inclining or bending the plate-shaped end 18.
• Decisive is the angular position of the plate-shaped end 18 with respect to the position of the switching tongue 3. In any case, here is to ensure that for the desired safe short circuit, the switching tab 3 over a large area and just with the plate-shaped end 18 comes into contact.
• FIG. 6 From the illustration of FIG. 6, it can be seen that the advanced surge arrester with short circuit function can be readily accommodated in a standard DIN rail mount housing, with the FIG bridge-like bracket 17 is easily accessible after removal of the housing cover, not shown. As a result, a surge arrester can be provided on the assembly side without, but also with a short-circuit function, with little effort, whereby a later short-circuit function can also be realized by subsequent insertion of the bridge-like yoke 17.
• FIG. 6b shows an illustration of the separating device according to the invention in a realized device, namely in the tripped state (switch position triggered b).
• the recess 20 in the region of the plate-shaped end 18 of the bridge-like bracket 17 is such that the soldering point 14 of the tongue 3 does not come into contact with the bridge-like bracket 17. Possibly adhering or splashing solder may pass through the clearance provided by the recess 20 and does not result in a possibly excessive contact resistance.
• solder paste provided with the solder point 14 and 14 '(see Figure 6a) is not involved in the actual large-scale contact. Only the part b of the switching tongue 3 'abuts on the surface of the plate-shaped end 18 of the bridge-like bracket 17.
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation with a conductive element which is designed as a switching device SE.
• the bypass formed by the switching device in the event of a short circuit is not designed here for continuous current carrying capacity. After the fault current has flowed over a certain time, the bypass is switched off. Due to the desired undersizing, the conductive element can have smaller cross sections of the electrically conductive parts and can therefore be manufactured more cost-effectively.
• the conductive element may be formed as a fuse or else have a power semiconductor or form a circuit with a power semiconductor, wherein the power semiconductor is transferred after passing a short-circuit current by means of an initial pulse in the open state.
• connection of the thermal separator moves to position 0, d. H. to the connection point for the short-circuit element in the bypass.
• the short-circuit element SE is closed.
• the resulting during the opening of the thermal separation device arc is guided by the contact elements and extinguished independently when reaching the short-circuit contact.
• the arc disappears and the current flows through the bypass, ie via the switching device SE.
• the switching device SE After a predetermined time, the switching device SE opens and it is interrupted, the fault current.
• the switching device according to the invention can be integrated in the surge arrester, but also the combination with an external switching device is possible. After the shutdown process, the defective overvoltage protection device is disconnected from the circuit, but the power supply is maintained. To initiate the opening operation of the switching device SE after a defined time, the switching device z. B. are formed by a cross-section reduction quasi as a fuse.

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• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Fuses (AREA)
• Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=40342142

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (8)

• 2007
  • 2007-10-30 DE DE102007051854.6A patent/DE102007051854B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-10-29 RU RU2010120019/07A patent/RU2474937C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-10-29 EP EP08831283A patent/EP2070168B1/fr active Active
  • 2008-10-29 CN CN200880113696.1A patent/CN101842947B/zh active Active
  • 2008-10-29 PL PL08831283T patent/PL2070168T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-10-29 AT AT08831283T patent/ATE476004T1/de active
  • 2008-10-29 WO PCT/EP2008/064672 patent/WO2009056565A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-10-29 DE DE502008001020T patent/DE502008001020D1/de active Active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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