Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
  • B65D88/38—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets with surface water receiver, e.g. drain
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
  • B65D88/42—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets with sealing means between cover rim and receptacle

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a vertical round container for storing liquids with a liquid cover covering the liquid surface, wherein the cover is sealed against the container wall by means of flexible sealing elements and on its underside at least one liquid-open chamber, in the gaseous media / vapors are included, wherein means are provided which determine the depth of immersion of the cover, and wherein supply / discharge lines are provided, with which the amount of the gaseous medium in the at least one chamber is variable.
• Floating covers of liquid surfaces have the task to prevent the exchange between the two fluid media, liquid and gaseous environment.
• Damper recovery is costly, energy intensive, and the overall emissions balance is negative compared to floating cover tanks.
• EP 0 059 298 A1 describes a floating roof for liquid containers, which consists of a slightly inclined to the center steel membrane, a peripheral side wall extending from the plane of the membrane both upwards and downwards, under the membrane by a plurality vertical partitioning steam cushion formed between membrane and liquid level, which carry the floating roof consists.
• the immersion depth of the floating roof is measured, and the floating position of the roof can be trimmed by adding compressed air into individual buoyancy chambers. Steam or gas surpluses under the roof are released into the atmosphere.
• this floating roof in the form of a ladle construction with steam pads and trim to maintain the horizontal swimming position is no pronounced Wasserammeizone ago. This means that the amounts of water on the roof can easily migrate, which requires frequent trimming with air admission under the membrane and subsequent steam delivery directly to the atmosphere. The entry of air or vapors with the filling of the container also requires the subsequent discharge of vapors into the atmosphere.
• the invention has the object of minimizing or eliminating possible emissions and operational risks at the storage container for volatile hydrocarbons in all operating conditions and at full emptying and initial filling.
• the disturbance of the safe floating position by precipitation, one-sided loads, entry of gaseous media in the storage fluid and leaks should be compensated and the need to commit the floating Cover should be omitted; All operating and monitoring tasks should be able to be performed from outside the container.
• An essential feature of the invention is that the supply / discharge lines for the gaseous medium are connected to a central unit which is provided outside the container. About this central unit, outside the container, it is possible to change the gaseous media in the at least one chamber so that thereby the conditions in the chamber can be adapted to the requirements.
• the gaseous media in the chamber may be sucked towards the central unit or may be supplied from the central unit to the chamber, thereby adjusting the pressure in the chamber and the level of the floating cover.
• the conduits routed through the fluid should be composed of rigid conduit sections, which in turn are connected by articulated spacers. With this articulated arrangement, the supply / discharge lines can adapt to the respective height level of the floating cover. In order to flexibly design the hinged intermediate pieces so that they can adapt to all movements of the floating cover, the articulated intermediate pieces, for example, formed from at least three hose joints.
• At least three should be distributed around the edge area of the floating cover towards the storage liquid open chambers are provided. These individual chambers then serve as trim chambers and are each connected via a separate supply / discharge with the central unit.
• the floating cover is trimmable at the three points distributed around the circumference, so that by supplying or discharging gaseous medium in the respective chambers, the floating position of the floating cover can be leveled.
• liquid side closed pontoon can be arranged to stabilize the floating position.
• This annular chamber is not divided into partitioned chambers, so that the same gas pressure prevails throughout the annulus.
• the amount of water collected in the tub can be regulated or deflated as necessary by level control. Appropriately, a certain minimum amount of water is left in the tub in summer operation to use the evaporative cooling for the storage liquid.
• the central unit as mentioned above should have at least one gas control unit with a manifold, a compressor and a manifold and valves such that each inlet / outlet can be connected to any other inlet / outlet via the compressor.
• gaseous medium which is discharged, for example, from a chamber to the central unit, can be fed via a corresponding switching of the valves and the compressor in another chamber to adjust the horizontal floating position of the floating cover , Discharge of polluting gases or vapors into the atmosphere is thereby avoided.
• the emissions that are possible at the edge regions of the floating cover or other emission regions can be supplied to the central unit by means of a slight vacuum by means of suction lines and a compressor of the central unit.
• the gases or vapors accumulating under the floating cover during first filling or emptying of the container can be sucked in via a compressor and fed to a gas utilization.
• the above-mentioned joint tube system for discharging the precipitates from the tub is usually constructed structurally stable, so that such a water drain line can be used simultaneously as a support element for the supply / discharge to the individual chambers and other emission sources by these supply / discharge lines along this water drainage line are performed.
• means may be provided to determine the immersion depth of the cover, preferably at extreme points, and depending on these measurements, the horizontal position of the cover via the displacement of the gaseous media in the respectively open at the bottom chambers regulate.
• trim chambers as indicated above, can be arranged below pontoon chambers, especially if existing floating covers are to be retrofitted with such trim chambers.
• FIG. 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the center of a vertical round container with floating cover without a fixed roof with lying outside the container central unit and guided through the liquid space of the container lines and a detailed drawing A of the sealing system between the container wall and floating cover,
• FIG. 2 shows a section corresponding to Figure 1, but with a round container with a fixed roof, and a detail B, which shows a suitable sealing system for floating covers with low height,
• FIG. 3 shows a horizontal section through the round container of Figure 1 along the section line IM-III in Figure 1, but only for the steel construction of the container with floating cover,
• FIG. 4A is a schematic vertical sectional view of another floating cover
• FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing the division of the floating cover into chambers along the section line IV-IV in FIG. 4A;
• FIG. 5 shows a section comparable to the sectional view of FIG. 4A through a further embodiment of a floating cover, FIG.
• FIG. 6 shows a further sectional illustration, comparable to that of FIG. 5, for a further embodiment of a floating cover
• Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the structure of the central unit, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, and
• Figure 8 is a floating cover, with trim chambers and a
• FIG. 1 shows a vertical round container 1 with a container bottom 2 and a container wall 3; this round container 1 is filled with storage liquid 4 to a liquid surface, designated by the reference numerals 5a, 5b, 5c filled.
• This round container 1 is a type without a fixed roof.
• the liquid surface 5b, 5c of the storage liquid 4 is covered with a floating cover 6, also referred to as a floating roof.
• This floating cover 6 comprises in the outer region an annular cover plate 7a, 7b, 7c, which is slightly inclined towards the center of the container, and contains in the center of the floating cover 6 a recessed to the storage liquid 4 well 8, formed from the bottom 9 and the side wall 10, wherein the bottom 9 of the tub is immersed in the storage liquid 4.
• a pot-like recess 11 is formed in the middle of the tub.
• This tub 8 serves to collect rainwater and melt water in the central area of the floating cover 6.
• two rows of chambers are provided annularly around the center.
• the two chambers on the right are chambers located on the underside, i. to the liquid 4, are open and separated by a vertical partition 13.
• These chambers, which are open at the bottom, are designed in the outer region as individual and locally sealed trim chambers 14 and, lying further inside, as one-piece and concentric damping chamber 12.
• a pontoon chamber 15 provided with bottom plate 15a is arranged in the outer region.
• the area of the container wall 3 and the floating cover 6 with the pontoon chamber 15 and a part of the damper ring chamber 12 is shown as detail "A" on a larger scale.
• the annular space 16 between the container wall 3 and the edge plate 17 of the floating cover 6 is sealed with a two-part edge seal 20; Primary seal 18 and a secondary seal 19.
• the primary seal 18 is held by means of support arms 21a on the edge plate of the floating cover 6 and pressed against the inside of the container wall 3.
• the voltage applied to the container wall 3 sliding plate 22 dips into the storage liquid (surface 5a) and forms together with the sealing membrane 23a and the edge plate 17 a closed vapor space.
• the secondary seal 19 consists of support arms 21b and the sealing profile 23c and the sealing membrane 23b. Between primary seal 18 and secondary seal 19 results in a gap 24th
• a pontoon manhole with cover 25 can be seen in order to enter the pontoon chamber 15 for control purposes.
• a foam wall plate 26 Perpendicular to the cover plate 7a, 7b of the cover 6 is near the edge seal 20, a foam wall plate 26 high. Furthermore, in Figure 1, a plurality of floating roof supports 27, evenly distributed over the cover 6, can be seen, which are held in guide members and are adjustable to a desired height; these floating roof supports 27, which protrude beyond the underside of the cover 6, serve the cover 6 when the vertical round container 1 is emptied to carry on the container bottom 2, so that, for example, for maintenance, the bottom of the cover 6 is accessible ,
• the container 1 is equipped with a piping system which is connected to a central unit 28.
• This line system comprises a respective inlet / outlet 29, which connects each trim chamber 14 and the damper ring chamber 12 with the central unit 28.
• the connection, which leads through the bearing liquid 4 below the cover 6, is formed by three rigid pipe sections 30 which are connected by means of articulated intermediate pieces 31.
• the supply / discharge line 29 can adapt to the different height positions of the cover 6 when the liquid surface 5 changes.
• one of the pot-like recess 11 outgoing water drainage pipe 32 is provided, which in turn consists of three rigid pipe sections 33 and three Joint portions 34, corresponding to the inlet / outlet 29, are composed.
• this water drainage line 32 which collects in the tub 8, drained into a drainage channel 35 outside the container 1 via a shut-off valve 36.
• a pneumatic valve 37 and a manual valve 38 are located in the pot-like recess 11, both a pneumatic valve 37 and a manual valve 38, remotely operated to drain water from the tub 8, for example, from a central control room, or in case of a fault with the hand, then via the manual valve 38, make. Since the water drainage line 32 is dimensioned relatively large and thus shows a certain stability, this water drainage line 32 can serve to hold and support the substantially thinner inlet / outlet lines 29 and the corresponding line sections 30.
• Suction lines 39 for sucking out vapors are provided in special emission zones of the cover 6; this is, as can be seen in particular in the detail drawing A, to a suction 39, which sucks the vapors from the annulus 16 below the primary seal 18, and a further suction line 39, the gases from the gap 24 between the primary seal 18th and the secondary seal 19 sucks. Further suction lines can be connected to fittings and measuring and guide elements of the floating cover 6, which are not shown here. These lines 39 are also led to the central control unit 28. Finally, various level gauges are provided as follows:
• Level measuring devices 40a are located at the edge of the cover 6 in the region of the annular space 16 in order to determine the floating position of the cover 6 with respect to the liquid level 5a. Further level measuring devices are located in each trim chamber 14 and in the damper spring chamber 12 to detect the liquid levels 5b, 5c in the individual chambers.
• each trim chamber and the damping chamber are assigned overpressure / vacuum safety devices 45, connected to the cover plates 7b, 7c.
• FIG. 3 shows a section through the round container 1 of FIG. 1 along the section line IH-III in order to show the partitions of the chambers which are arranged in the two outer rings.
• a trim chamber 14 i. a chamber which is open to the storage liquid 4 on the underside, and a pontoon chamber 15, d. H. a liquid-side closed chamber arranged.
• an inlet nozzle 46 is provided on the container wall, which, directed towards the center of the container, carries an inlet diffuser 47, through which the storage liquid flows into the container.
• the inlet diffuser 47 has the task of avoiding turbulence in the liquid space due to high inlet velocities. Certain filling operations, such as ship unloading or pipeline filling, may result in the introduction of air or gas with the liquid. The rising in the liquid gases accumulate below the floating cover (6).
• damper-ring chamber 12 constitutes a one-piece space, the entry of the gaseous medium does not result in an uneven distribution of buoyancy across the surface but in a uniform increase in buoyancy for the floating cover.
• gaseous medium entering the trim chambers 14 may be displaced into the damper ring chamber 12 via the inlets / outlets 29 in communication with the central unit 28.
• the floating cover Upon the occurrence of an eccentric load on the floating cover 6, for example by unilateral snow load, the floating cover suffers an impact, which may be amplified by shifting amounts of water in the tub 8 and uneven frictional forces on the edge of the floating cover and at risk for the safe swimming position.
• gaseous medium can now be withdrawn from a trim chamber 14, which is diametrically opposed to the impact side of the floating cover 6, and can be pressed into a trim chamber 14 in the area of the impact side.
• the floating cover is thus returned to its horizontal swimming position.
• the pontoon chambers 15, the damper ring chamber 12 and the tub 8 provide the base load of the lift, wherein the buoyancy forces of the damper ring chamber 12 and the tub 8 are variable. Only the buoyancy forces of the pontoon chambers 15 are not changeable.
• the central unit 28 is equipped with a line and valve system, as shown schematically in Figure 7.
• the central unit 28 comprises a number of inlets / outlets 29 leading to the floating cover 6. All inlets / outlets 29 are connected via a respective check valve 50 to a manifold 51 and a compressor 52. Also connected to the manifold 51 are feed lines 54 for air, inert gas and other gaseous media shut off with valves 55.
• a distribution line 53 is provided with branch lines 56 to each inlet / outlet 29, which can be shut off by valves 57, and an output line 58, which leads, for example, to a damper recovery system 60 or a refinery gas line, connectable via a valve 59th ,
• each inlet / outlet 29 can be connected to each other inlet / outlet 29 via the compressor 52. All valves, which are shown in FIG. 7, can be activated individually. Furthermore, a direct gas and pressure equalization between the buoyancy chambers 12, 14 via the valves 57 is possible.
• vapors can be exchanged as needed under the trim chambers 14 to comply with the horizontal floating position.
• external air can be introduced into the appropriate chamber 12, 14 to maintain the necessary buoyancy.
• inert gases or dried air can be introduced into the chambers open to the liquid.
• each chamber 12, 14, which is shown in Figure 7, for example, by the unit 200.
• the circuit diagram of the central unit 28 of Figure 7 can be changed as long as the above-mentioned connection possibility of the individual chambers is made possible via the compressor.
• FIG. 1 While with reference to Figure 1, a container 1 has been described, which is open on its upper side, a round container 1 is shown in Figure 2, which is closed at its top with a fixed roof 61, vented through ventilation openings 61a, 61b.
• the floating cover 6 comprises a single, for storage fluid out open Dämpfesammelreheat 62 formed of a covering membrane 63 and a container wall side dipping into the liquid 4 annular box 64, which in turn consists of an outer edge plate 17, an inner foam wall plate 26 and a bottom plate 65 ,
• An inlet / outlet 29 is connected to the vapor collection chamber 62 in the center of the membrane 63, with connection to the central gas control unit 28.
• vapors can be removed via the gas control unit 28 from the container, as well as excess steam under the diaphragm 63 at high operating temperatures.
• Detail drawing B in FIG. 2 shows an edge seal 20 modified from detail drawing A in FIG. 1, comprising a combined primary secondary seal with a primary sealing skirt 67 and a secondary sealing skirt 68 and two sealing wall-side sealing elements 69 and 70, with gas space 71 therebetween.
• Suction lines 39 are led to the vapor space between the liquid level 5a and the primary sealing skirt 67 and to the gas space 71.
• the diaphragm 63 buckles upwards and increases the vapor space.
• the entire floating cover 6 floats on a widening steam cushion.
• a supply line 72 can be fed through the foam at openings 72 a;
• This line 72 can also as a sampling line, in overcrowding, from this area, which can occur, for example, when an overfilling of the storage container takes place accidentally ..
• Figures 4A and 4B show schematically another structure of the floating cover suitable for large diameter containers.
• a further ring with individual pontoon chambers 15 is connected to the outer edge of the trough 8 and the area of the damper ring chamber 12 is increased.
• FIG. 3 there is a further ring lying radially further outward, where according to FIG. 3 pontoon chambers 15 and trim chambers 14 are alternately distributed.
• the trim chambers 14 and the damper ring chamber 12 can, according to the embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, be driven or emptied via the central unit 28 with different amounts of gas / vapor in order to adjust the horizontal floating position and, if necessary, remove excess gas ,
• reference numeral 75 indicates snow loads and 76 gases or vapors introduced into the container.
• the thereby caused disorder of horizontal swimming position can be compensated by the displacement of amounts of steam in the trim chambers 14.
• the construction shown is suitable as a cost-effective alternative to floating covers in double-diaphragm design, which is usually used for containers over 60 m in diameter.
• FIG 5 another embodiment of the floating cover 6 is shown, which is to be regarded as a cost-effective design with a smaller container diameter.
• FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the floating cover 6, which is expedient even with a larger container diameter.
• the outer ring contains a trim chamber 14.
• a ring with individual pontoon chambers 15 and a damper ring chamber 12 and a trough 8 close.
• the pontoon ring 15 which is important for the floating stability, can not be impaired by deformations of the container jacket 3, since it is not arranged on the outer edge of the floating cover 6.
• possible deformations on the trim chambers 14 do not cause any great problems for the swimming position.
• FIG. 8 shows a suitable retrofitting of an existing floating cover 6 with a trim chamber 14.
• Under a peripheral ring of individual pontoons 15 and under the tub bottom 9 are outside lying edge plate 117 and inside an edge plate 110, and in the circumferential direction, the necessary Kammeraussteifept and partitions, which are not shown here, arranged.
• the space under the tub bottom 9 and the trim chamber 14 are equipped with supply / discharge lines 29, which allow a displacement of vapors or a discharge / supply of gases via a central unit 28, as explained above. It is also possible to arrange at the periphery of the floating cover 6 in exchange for trim chambers 14 downwardly open Dämpfesammelkam- mers, which are by gas side connections with each other to a damper ring chamber 12, which produces a uniform lift over the entire surface.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
• Packages (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-08-31 DE DE102006040895A patent/DE102006040895B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-08-15 WO PCT/EP2007/007194 patent/WO2008025454A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2007-08-15 EP EP07801658A patent/EP2079648B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-08-15 US US12/310,262 patent/US8714207B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-08-15 DE DE502007006742T patent/DE502007006742D1/de active Active
  • 2007-08-15 AT AT07801658T patent/ATE501960T1/de active
  • 2007-08-15 CA CA2660351A patent/CA2660351C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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