Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
  • A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an extinguishing agent for extinguishing fires caused by flammable liquids, in particular large-scale fires.
• powder extinguishing agents are used in particular.
• three classes of powder extinguishing agents are distinguished, which differ from one another depending on the composition of the base material.
• BC powder as a base material sodium or potassium bicarbonate or potassium sulfate.
• M powders the base material is potassium or sodium chloride, boron oxide or melamine.
• so-called ABC powders contain, inter alia, as the base material ammonium phosphate or ammonium sulfate.
• the classification of the individual powder extinguishing agents is based on so-called fire classes, which define the effective use of the individual powders. The said powders have different extinguishing effects, wherein z.
• the M-powder forms a crust by sintering at elevated temperatures, which prevents the supply of oxygen to the source of fire.
• ABC powders also prevent the supply of oxygen to the fire by a type of glaze formation at higher temperatures.
• the combustion reaction is inhibited by an anticatalytic effect by the BC powder.
• a disadvantage of the known extinguishing powders is that their extinguishing effect at Of fires caused by flammable liquid, especially in large-scale fires strongly depends on the prevailing temperatures.
• the DE 43 36 319 A1 discloses an extinguishing agent which is useful both as a dry extinguishing agent and as an extinguishing agent additive in water.
• Main constituents of the extinguishing agent are, in addition to substances having a high surface structure, primarily powdery, hydrogel-forming polymers.
• the extinguishing agent according to the DE 43 36 319 A1 no absorption capacity for flammable liquids, as it is mixed with 100 times the amount of water before the extinguishing Also in the DE 10 2004 056 830 A1
• an extinguishing agent which comprises at least one water-absorbing polymer and at least one alkali metal salt of a non-polymeric saturated carboxylic acid as the fire-retardant salt.
• the extinguishing agent thus again serves only for the production of hydrogels and thus requires the use of hydrophilic polymers which are not suitable for extinguishing fires which are caused by flammable liquids.
• the EP 1 380 322 A1 discloses only the use of water-soluble, hydrogel-forming polymers, which are therefore also useful only as extinguishing agent addition to water.
• An extinguishing agent of the invention for extinguishing fires produced by flammable liquids, in particular large-scale fires consists of a pulverulent superabsorber.
• the superabsorbent is a polyacrylate, preferably a sodium polyacrylate can be used.
• the polyacrylate, in particular the sodium polyacrylate is cross-linked.
• the absorption of the burning liquid in the superabsorber the flammable liquid is cut off from another oxygen supply.
• the superabsorber prevents the flammable liquid or the reaction products formed by the action of heat z. B. can penetrate into the ground and there unfold a corresponding environmentally harmful effect.
• the superabsorbent can be readily removed and disposed of with the ingested flammable liquid. Since superabsorbents can absorb up to 2,000 times their own weight of liquid, a safe and, in particular, rapid extinguishment of such fires is ensured.
• the combustible or flammable liquids may be liquid fuels such. As kerosene, fuel oil, diesel or gas act. Also other flammable liquids, eg. For example, those containing alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, propanol and / or butanol can be reliably deleted.
• superabsorbers for firefighting are known from the prior art, they are always used as a gel-like mixture of water and superabsorber. This is to prevent the water evaporates. According to the present invention, however, no swollen superabsorbents but powdery superabsorbents are used.
• the superabsorbent powder may have particle sizes of 50 to 1000 microns.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2008
  • 2008-01-24 DE DE200820001045 patent/DE202008001045U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2009
  • 2009-01-23 EP EP09000977A patent/EP2082785A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (3)

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