EP2087524A2 - Solarzelle und solarzellenmodul mit verbesserten rückseiten-elektroden sowie verfahren zur herstellung - Google Patents
Solarzelle und solarzellenmodul mit verbesserten rückseiten-elektroden sowie verfahren zur herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2087524A2 EP2087524A2 EP07819493A EP07819493A EP2087524A2 EP 2087524 A2 EP2087524 A2 EP 2087524A2 EP 07819493 A EP07819493 A EP 07819493A EP 07819493 A EP07819493 A EP 07819493A EP 2087524 A2 EP2087524 A2 EP 2087524A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- contact
- layer
- finger
- finger contacts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/20—Electrodes
- H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
- H10F77/219—Arrangements for electrodes of back-contact photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
- H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/908—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells for back-contact photovoltaic cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to rear-side contact solar cells and solar cell modules made therefrom, which have a special electrode structure.
- the electrodes, via which the current of the back-side contact cell is tapped off, are separated by an insulating layer by an insulating layer of the finger contacts, which are connected to the n or p semiconductor element of the solar cell. Also, a method for producing such a back surface solar cell will be described.
- Prior art solar cells have two busbars, each placed on one side of the solar cell, for external contacting.
- FIG. 1 A schematic representation of such a return side-contacted silicon solar cell 1, Fig. 1. Both electrodes are located on the back of the cell.
- the current busbars (busbars 2, 2 ') are located at the edge of the cell, while the finger contacts 3, 3' in each case extend into the surface of the solar cell.
- Electricity busbars are required, which make it possible to contact the solar cell. These "busbars" occupy a relatively large space in order to be technologically well contacted, the geometric size leads to considerable losses in the solar cell, and on the side which picks up the minority carriers, the collection properties and thus the short-circuit current are significantly reduced. On the side that contacts the majority charge carriers, high series resistance losses have an impact, which leads to a reduction in the fill factor.
- the fingers which contact the semiconductor and extend over the entire length of the solar cell, must have a very high conductivity in order to minimize series resistance losses. Since the fingers can not be too wide (narrower than 1 mm), they must be very high (higher than 10 ⁇ m) in order to have a sufficient line cross-section.
- back-contact solar cells are known from the prior art (for example US Pat. No. 4,927,770 and US Pat. No. 6,426,568) in which p-doped and n-doped regions are protected by an insulating layer. layer passing contacts are connected to power collecting areas.
- these contact layers are arranged one above the other, so there is a need here to apply at least one further insulating layer between these contact regions.
- the production of such complex structures is very complicated and cost-intensive, since such structures are always produced in several steps, some of which involve several high-temperature steps, which have to be produced.
- Object of the invention to make a back-side contact solar cell such that the greatest possible variability with respect to the geometric shape of the finger contacts remains.
- a rear-side contact cell having a surface area of at least 100 cm 2
- at least two means (contacts) for Tapping the current applied to at least one layer of insulating material which spatially separates the finger contacts from the means, and the means are contacted by the at least one layer, the at least one means 5 being connected to the at least one p-finger contact and the at least one means 5 'is electrically contacted with the at least one n-finger contact.
- the means (contacts) for tapping the current are not arranged one above the other, but next to one another, which considerably simplifies the structure and the method for producing a solar cell according to the invention.
- the finger contacts can thereby be made thinner and narrower, whereby the manufacturing costs are reduced, since high-quality, conductive material can be saved.
- An additional positive effect is that the construction of lighter solar cells is made possible.
- the structuring or application of the contacts for tapping the current can be prepared by a variety of suitable methods, for example by lift-off method or by etching back after masking in only one process step.
- Another synergetic side effect is a weight reduction of the solar cell.
- An interconnection of the electrical contacts of the solar cell according to the invention enables a simplified module interconnection when a plurality of solar cells are combined to form a module.
- the invention enables a substantial decoupling of the production of the conductive tracks and the structuring of the same on the insulating substrate.
- the choice of material for the insulating layer is not limited by the use of the holes in the substrate.
- the means have at least one conductor track and at least one busbar Strom ⁇ which are in electrical contact with each other.
- the orientation relative to the finger contacts which are applied directly to the solar cell and are usually designed parallel to one another
- the orientation of the at least one conductor track of the means for tapping the current can be arranged as desired.
- the at least one conductor track is arranged with respect to the solar cell in such a way that contacting of all finger contacts on the solar cell of the same polarity is made possible.
- an arrangement of the at least one conductor track is conceivable, which is perpendicular to the finger contacts, that is rotated by 90 °.
- Power busbars arbitrary; however, the current busbar runs parallel to the finger contacts applied to the solar cell. Furthermore, it is advantageous if more than one conductor for contacting the finger contacts is present. This allows a maximum male current efficiency and a minimization of power losses due to the electrical resistance of the finger contacts.
- the at least two means are made of electrically conductive material, advantageously the conductive material is formed from the group consisting of copper, nickel, tin, silver, gold, aluminum, tungsten, titanium, palladium and alloys thereof and / or layer sequences thereof.
- the layer thickness of the respective agent can be designed depending on the intended use of the solar cell and can vary over a wide range. In an advantageous embodiment, however, the layer thickness is between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 80 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
- the finger contacts can be designed to be very thin for contacting the semiconductor layers.
- the layer thicknesses are in a range between 0.01 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.02 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 0.03 ⁇ m and 3 ⁇ m.
- the insulating layer is furthermore advantageously designed as a continuous rear side of the solar cell.
- the insulating layer is perforated at the points at which the production of the electrical contact between the at least two means for tapping the current and the at least two finger contacts takes place.
- the insulating layer is not limited to special materials, it is only essential that the material is an electrical insulator.
- materials selected from the group consisting of glass, silicon, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, organic paints, Pertinax, EVA films, plastic films and mixtures and / or layer sequences thereof are used.
- the insulation layer is not subject to any particular limitation with regard to its thickness.
- the layer thickness of the insulating material is preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 2000 ⁇ m, preferably between 2 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
- the insulating substrate can be made very thick to ensure a long life of the insulation.
- the choice of material components is largely decoupled from solar cell production.
- the at least one conductor track of the means has at least one hole, via which a contacting takes place with the respective finger contacts.
- the at least one hole has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably of 0.2 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably of 0.25 to 0, 6 mm having.
- the holes are limited to no specific geometric shape. For example, these may be in the form of circles, squares or n-corners, which may also be irregular.
- the surface of the solar cell is at least 120 cm 2 , preferably at least 140 cm 2 .
- the finger contacts of the solar cell can be made extremely thin.
- the finger tip a height of between 0.1 and 10 .mu.m, preferably between 0.2 and 5 .mu.m, more preferably between 0.5 and 3 .mu.m and / or a width between 100 and 1000 .mu.m, preferably zwi - See 150 and 750 microns, more preferably between 200 and 500 microns have.
- At least two solar cells can be connected in parallel or in series in order to increase the current yield.
- a solar cell module which contains at least two solar cells described above.
- the solar cells are arranged so that the at least one insulating layer is continuously formed over all solar cells as a backside layer.
- the insulating substrate may have a surface (Back side) of several solar cells.
- the substrate may be chosen to be stable enough to impart much of the required stability to the solar cell module.
- the invention also provides a process for producing a backside solar cell as recited above, characterized by the following steps:
- Essential feature of the invention is that the production of the contact structure of the means for contacting the finger contacts of the solar cell is spatially separated from the solar cell. Since solar cells (especially on monocrystalline wafers) Solar cells) are mostly made to increase the efficiency of high purity silicon, it is imperative that all operations that take place directly on or on the surface of the solar cell, carried out under high purity conditions. This is associated with a considerable effort (eg clean rooms, etc.), which entails high costs. According to the invention, the conductor structure, via which the tapping of the current takes place, can now take place in one work step, in which case these elaborate measures can be dispensed with.
- step b) the composite obtained is fixed on the solar cell, wherein the fixing is advantageously carried out by gluing and / or soldering. Likewise, each but a mechanical fixation (eg by pressing or clamping) possible.
- the electrical contacting is advantageously carried out by soldering.
- one means each with one of the at least one finger contacts is connected through the insulating layer.
- one means is electrically contacted with the entirety of the p-finger contacts of the solar cell, while the other means is brought into electrical contact with the entirety of the n-finger contacts.
- Figure 1 is a back contact solar cell as known in the art; while the light 9 hits from the bottom of the solar cell.
- Figure 2 shows an inventive arrangement of the contacting device, in which case electrodes and the insulating substrate are shown.
- FIG. 3 shows a rear-side contact solar cell according to the invention, with finger contacts, an insulating layer and the applied electrodes for tapping the current.
- a contacting device is shown. This consists of the electrically insulating substrate 4 and the applied thereon means 5 and 5 '. The contacting device is produced separately from the solar cell 1.
- a solar cell 1 according to the invention is shown.
- the solar cell 1 only finger contacts. These are applied directly to the solar cell and spatially separated by an insulating layer 4, which is made of an insulating material, of the electrodes 5, 5 ', with which they communicate via contacts passing through the insulating layer. Busbars on the solar cell are therefore superfluous.
- the electrically insulating substrate prevents the short circuit between the n- and the p-electrode when the contacting unit is placed on the back of the solar cell 1 (see FIG. 3) and the printed conductors 7, 7 'of the two means 5, 5'. thus extend transversely to the finger contacts 3, 3 '.
- the actual solar cell 1 has only contact fingers 3, 3 '.
- the busbars 8, 8 ' are located on a second level on the electrically insulating substrate 4 and are connected through holes 6 to the respective contact fingers 3, 3', e.g. through the insulating layer 4 continuous solder contacts contacted.
- the geometric dimensions of the holes 6 can be formed independently of the solar cell geometry.
- Printed conductors 7, 7 'produced on the second level become.
- the charge carriers only need to provide about a quarter of the conductivity of the fingers 3, 3 '.
- the required conductivity LF of the fingers 3, 3 ' can be estimated as:
- the busbars 2, 2 '(see Fig. 1) on the solar cell 1 can be omitted and it is only still a stripe pattern of p and n fingers 3, 3 'necessary. This considerably simplifies the manufacturing processes of the rear contact cells 1.
- the second level is designed over a large area, a simplified module interconnection of a plurality of solar cells 1 can be made. Via the conductor tracks 7, 7 'applied on the second level, the solar cells are integrated on the electrically insulating substrate 4. In this case, the electrically insulating substrate 4 forms the rear side of the module. It is advantageous if the back of the module is protected from weathering, environmental influences and / or moisture by further precautions (for example a protective layer made of an inert material such as, for example, plastics).
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052018A DE102006052018A1 (de) | 2006-11-03 | 2006-11-03 | Solarzelle und Solarzellenmodul mit verbesserten Rückseiten-Elektroden sowie Verfahren und Herstellung |
| PCT/EP2007/009461 WO2008052767A2 (de) | 2006-11-03 | 2007-10-31 | Solarzelle und solarzellenmodul mit verbesserten rückseiten-elektroden sowie verfahren zur herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2087524A2 true EP2087524A2 (de) | 2009-08-12 |
Family
ID=39048980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07819493A Withdrawn EP2087524A2 (de) | 2006-11-03 | 2007-10-31 | Solarzelle und solarzellenmodul mit verbesserten rückseiten-elektroden sowie verfahren zur herstellung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120152299A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2087524A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006052018A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008052767A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007059486A1 (de) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-18 | Institut Für Solarenergieforschung Gmbh | Rückkontaktsolarzelle mit länglichen, ineinander verschachtelten Emitter- und Basisbereichen an der Rückseite und Herstellungsverfahren hierfür |
| DE102008044910A1 (de) * | 2008-08-30 | 2010-03-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Solarzelle und Solarzellenmodul mit einseitiger Verschaltung |
| DE102008043529A1 (de) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-05-12 | Q-Cells Se | Solarzelle, Solarzellenmodul und Verfahren zur Solarzellenherstellung |
| DE102009002823A1 (de) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-11-18 | Komax Holding Ag | Solarzelle, diese Solarzelle umfassendes Solarmodul sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und zur Herstellung einer Kontaktfolie |
| DE102009023901A1 (de) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Photovoltaisches Modul mit flächigem Zellverbinder |
| WO2011054487A2 (de) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-12 | W. C. Heraeus Gmbh | Flexibler solarverbinder für rückseitenkontaktzellen hergestellt durch druck- und rollstanzverfahren |
| DE102009051943B4 (de) * | 2009-11-04 | 2013-07-25 | Heraeus Materials Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Rückseitenkontaktieren von Solarzellen |
| DE102009055031A1 (de) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | Q-Cells SE, 06766 | Solarzelle, diese Solarzelle umfassendes Solarmodul, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und zur Herstellung einer Kontaktfolie |
| DE102010003765A1 (de) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Photovoltaik-Moduls mit rückseitenkontaktierten Halbleiterzellen |
| DE102010027747A1 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Photovoltaikmoduls mit rückseitenkontaktierten Halbleiterzellen und Photovoltaikmodul |
| DE102010024331B4 (de) * | 2010-06-18 | 2023-06-01 | Polytec Pt Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verklebung eines bandförmigen Leiters mit einer Solarzelle, Anordnung mit der Verklebung und Verwendung eines Piezo-Jet-Dispensers dafür |
| DE102010054400A1 (de) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-06-14 | Solon Se | Verfahren zur elektrischen Reihenverschaltung von Solarzellen |
| KR102015591B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-28 | 2019-08-28 | 솔렉셀, 인크. | 박형 실리콘 태양 전지용 활성 후면판 |
| DE102011051511A1 (de) | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-22 | Schott Solar Ag | Rückkontaktsolarzelle und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer solchen |
| DE102011055754B4 (de) | 2011-06-01 | 2022-12-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Solarzellenmodul und Verfahren zum Verschalten von Solarzellen |
| US10181541B2 (en) | 2011-11-20 | 2019-01-15 | Tesla, Inc. | Smart photovoltaic cells and modules |
| JP6357102B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-20 | 2018-07-11 | ソレクセル、インコーポレイテッド | スマート光電池およびモジュール |
| US9219171B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 | 2015-12-22 | Solexel, Inc. | Systems and methods for monolithically integrated bypass switches in photovoltaic solar cells and modules |
| US9515217B2 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2016-12-06 | Solexel, Inc. | Monolithically isled back contact back junction solar cells |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4131755A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1978-12-26 | Motorola, Inc. | Interconnection for photovoltaic device array |
| US4133697A (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-09 | Nasa | Solar array strip and a method for forming the same |
| US4301322A (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1981-11-17 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Solar cell with corrugated bus |
| US4478879A (en) * | 1983-02-10 | 1984-10-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Screen printed interdigitated back contact solar cell |
| DE19525720C2 (de) * | 1995-07-14 | 1998-06-10 | Siemens Solar Gmbh | Herstellungsverfahren für eine Solarzelle ohne Vorderseitenmetallisierung |
| US6476314B2 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-11-05 | The Boeing Company | Solar tile and associated method for fabricating the same |
| DE10239845C1 (de) * | 2002-08-29 | 2003-12-24 | Day4 Energy Inc | Elektrode für fotovoltaische Zellen, fotovoltaische Zelle und fotovoltaischer Modul |
| US20060130891A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-06-22 | Carlson David E | Back-contact photovoltaic cells |
| JP4182063B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-24 | 2008-11-19 | トヤマキカイ株式会社 | リード構造 |
| CH696344A5 (fr) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-04-30 | Ses Soc En Solaire Sa | Film support et procédé de couplage de cellules photovoltaïques. |
-
2006
- 2006-11-03 DE DE102006052018A patent/DE102006052018A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-10-31 EP EP07819493A patent/EP2087524A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-10-31 WO PCT/EP2007/009461 patent/WO2008052767A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-10-31 US US12/513,217 patent/US20120152299A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008052767A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120152299A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
| WO2008052767A3 (de) | 2008-09-25 |
| DE102006052018A1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
| WO2008052767A2 (de) | 2008-05-08 |
| WO2008052767A8 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
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