EP2090941A1 - Mechanischer Oszillator - Google Patents

Mechanischer Oszillator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2090941A1
EP2090941A1 EP08101699A EP08101699A EP2090941A1 EP 2090941 A1 EP2090941 A1 EP 2090941A1 EP 08101699 A EP08101699 A EP 08101699A EP 08101699 A EP08101699 A EP 08101699A EP 2090941 A1 EP2090941 A1 EP 2090941A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting member
blade
oscillator according
zero
oscillator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08101699A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2090941B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre-Marcel Genequand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CSEM Centre Suisse dElectronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement
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CSEM Centre Suisse dElectronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement
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Application filed by CSEM Centre Suisse dElectronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement filed Critical CSEM Centre Suisse dElectronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement
Priority to EP08101699A priority Critical patent/EP2090941B1/de
Priority to US12/372,091 priority patent/US7963693B2/en
Publication of EP2090941A1 publication Critical patent/EP2090941A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2090941B1 publication Critical patent/EP2090941B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/22—Compensation of changes in the motive power of the mainspring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mechanical oscillators, especially those which equip the timepieces. It relates, more particularly, such an oscillator with a device for adjusting and correcting its frequency.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide an oscillator for a mechanical watch equipped with means for correcting the isochronism defect induced by the variations of the engine torque of the mainspring, according to a principle of correction as a function of the amplitude.
  • the object of the invention is to be able to maintain a constant frequency of the oscillator, in its useful range of operation, based on the amplitude variations to correct an effect comparable to a non-linearity of the spring of recall.
  • the present invention relates to a mechanical oscillator of the type comprising an oscillating system formed of a rocker arm and its return spring.
  • This oscillator further comprises a frequency correction device formed of at least a first and a second element fixed respectively to its frame and to the oscillating system, the first of these elements comprising an elastic flexible blade fixed by one of its ends. and the second being a connecting member weighing, during part of the oscillation, against the free end of said blade.
  • the oscillator according to the invention may comprise only one flexible blade but, advantageously, it comprises two acting in opposition on the connecting member and offset, with respect to each other, a half-cycle of the oscillation, in order to symmetrize the characteristic of the return correction as a function of the deflection.
  • the single blade - or both blades - is fixed - or are fixed - to the frame via an interface allowing a position adjustment in translation and rotation.
  • the single blade - or both blades - is - or are - in contact, at a non-zero pressure, with the connecting member when the balance is in the neutral position, that is to say say when its angle relative to its rest position is equal to zero, so as to obtain an increase in the frequency when the amplitude decreases (negative correction).
  • the connecting member may be fixed to the balance either directly or by an intermediate piece of the return spring oscillating at a reduced deflection angle relative to that of the balance.
  • the oscillator may advantageously comprise a fixed stop located opposite the connecting member for a deflection angle of the balance relative to its rest position equal to zero, and intended to exert a prestress on said blade when said member is not in contact.
  • the oscillator for mechanical watch according to the invention is particularly applicable to the exhaust system described in the document EP 1 736 838 already quoted, in particular at figure 2a whose content is integrated in the present description.
  • a pendulum 1 (partially shown) oscillating about its axis 2 is recognized and its return spring, or spiral spring, 3 fixed between the arm 1 of the balance and the frame 4 of the watch.
  • an escape wheel 5 is driven by two elastic blades 6 and 7, connected to the arm 1a of the balance 1 by one end and whose other end, or pallet, engages in the teeth (not shown) of the wheel exhaust 5.
  • the oscillating system By oscillating, under the impulse of a driving torque delivered by a mainspring, the oscillating system (balance 1 and spiral 3) rotates the escapement wheel 5 at a rate which must be as regular as possible, because he determines the accuracy of the watch he controls.
  • mechanical watches and, more particularly, those equipped with an exhaust system as just described suffer from a defect of isochronism that can result in a difference of about ten seconds a day for a variation of the engine torque of ten percent, corresponding to an amplitude variation of five percent.
  • the principle of the invention is to provide the oscillator with a correction device 20 having a frequency characteristic inverse to its own in the operating range.
  • the correction device 20 comprises two resilient blades 9 and 10 which bear, in opposition, on a connecting member or stop 8, T-shaped, connected to the arm 1 a of the balance 1, to the nearest of its center of rotation.
  • These elastic blades 9 and 10 are, via lugs 12 and 13, linked at their other end to a fixing and adjusting interface 11 by means of locking screws 15 and 16, respectively.
  • the interface 11, secured to the frame 4 by a screw 17, can be positioned relative to the axis 2 of the beam by moving it along a slide 14 of the frame against which it is applied under the action of a spring 18.
  • the interface 11 makes it possible to adjust the position of the fulcrum of the elastic blades 9 and 10 on the connecting member 8 and, therefore, their effective length and their stiffness.
  • the lugs 12 and 13 make it possible to adjust the orientation of these elastic blades with respect to the stop and, thereby, to adjust the angle of deflection of the rocker relative to its rest position for which they come in contact or leave. this same stop.
  • the position adjustment thus makes it possible to adjust the amplitude of the frequency variation, while the adjustment of the contact angle makes it possible to adjust the useful deflection range as well as the sign of the non-linearity.
  • the two elastic blades 9 and 10 are in contact with the stop 8 and they constitute an additional spring which acts on the balance in addition to the spiral spring 3. If the amplitude of the oscillations increases, it happens a moment when one of the blades ceases to be in contact with the stop, thus modifying the elastic constant of the overall return spring. This creates a negative non-linearity (i.e., a decrease in slope) in the response of this global return spring, as will be discussed later with respect to the figure 2 , and it is this non-linearity that makes it possible to compensate for the positive isochronism defect mentioned above (that is to say, a frequency which increases when the amplitude increases).
  • the frequency of the oscillator decreases as the maintenance torque and the oscillation amplitude decrease. It is therefore necessary to apply a negative compensation, that is to say produce a lower average return stiffness at high amplitudes.
  • the figure 2 shows the curve of the additional return moment generated by the blades as a function of the deflection angle of the balance relative to its rest position, that is to say the variation of the torque ⁇ M as a function of the deflection D.
  • the dotted upper curve is relative to the blade 10
  • the dotted lower curve is relative to the blade 9
  • the solid line curve is relative to the combined effect of the two blades.
  • the global curve versus deflection has a slope of 2. ⁇ K (K is the elastic constant of the global return spring) due to the action of two elastic strips 9 and 10 added to that of the spiral spring 3.
  • K is the elastic constant of the global return spring
  • the slope of the response curve is only ⁇ K, which corresponds to the fact that there is only one elastic blade (9 or 10) bearing on the abutment 8.
  • the slope 2. ⁇ K is constant.
  • the torque correction ⁇ M as a function of deflection is no longer linear and the average slope lies between 2. ⁇ K at small amplitudes and ⁇ K at large amplitudes.
  • the useful area of correction is in the vicinity, but outside, of the interval A-B.
  • E is 200,000 N / mm 2 (for steel)
  • b is of the order of 0.5 mm
  • L 8 mm
  • R goal is 1 mm. It can therefore be deduced, using the preceding formulas, that the thickness h of the blade is of the order of 10 -5 m. Such a blade can be cut into a sheet 10 microns thick and folded to allow attachment.
  • the figure 3 illustrates a variant of adjustment of the orientation of the elastic blades, in which the latter are positioned in such a way that they are not in contact with the stop when the balance is in the neutral position (deflection angle equal to zero) but contact for a deflection angle A or B. That is to say that ⁇ M is zero in the range between A and B and slope ⁇ M outside this range. Consequently, the frequency variation ⁇ f is the opposite of that described above and allows therefore to correct a negative dependence as a function of the driving torque.
  • the correction device can operate with a single elastic blade.
  • the overall curve (solid line) of the torque ⁇ M merges with one of the two dotted curves of the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the answer is asymmetrical, the correction operating only on a single alternation of the oscillation of the balance.
  • the connecting member 8 is fixed, not on the rocker 1, but on an intermediate piece 19, T-shaped and serving as an anchor, whose horizontal bar 19a (on the figure) is the base of the elastic blades 6 and 7 and whose vertical bar 19b (in the figure) is mounted, free to oscillate, on the axis 2 of the balance 1.
  • the spiral spring 3 is then fixed between the arm 1 a pendulum and the vertical bar 19b, which is subject, moreover, to the action of two return springs 21, acting in opposition.
  • the provision of the figure 4 has the effect of reducing the angle of oscillation of the anchor 19 relative to that of the balance 1, which allows, on the one hand, to use more rigid blades and, on the other hand, to avoid excessive deformation and friction.
  • the figure 5 shows yet another variant with a fixed stop 22 linked to the frame 4 facing the abutment 8 for a deflection angle of the balance 1 relative to its rest position equal to zero.
  • This stop serves to connect and disconnect under prestressing the elastic blades 9 and 10 of the movable connecting member 8.
  • an oscillator advantageously usable in a mechanical timepiece, which is provided with means for correcting the defect of isochronism induced by the variations of the engine torque.
  • the correction performed is all the more effective as the amplitude-defect isochronism equilibrium is stable, which is the case of an elastic suspension balance such as, for example, that of the figure 5 of the document EP 1 736 838 , already quoted.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
EP08101699A 2008-02-18 2008-02-18 Mechanischer Oszillator Active EP2090941B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101699A EP2090941B1 (de) 2008-02-18 2008-02-18 Mechanischer Oszillator
US12/372,091 US7963693B2 (en) 2008-02-18 2009-02-17 Mechanical oscillator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101699A EP2090941B1 (de) 2008-02-18 2008-02-18 Mechanischer Oszillator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2090941A1 true EP2090941A1 (de) 2009-08-19
EP2090941B1 EP2090941B1 (de) 2011-10-19

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US (1) US7963693B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2090941B1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2911012A1 (de) * 2014-02-20 2015-08-26 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Oszillator einer Uhr
EP3076245A1 (de) 2015-04-02 2016-10-05 CSEM Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique SA Dämpfungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für mikromechanische uhrkomponente
FR3048792A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-15 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa Dispositif pour piece d'horlogerie, mouvement horloger et piece d'horlogerie comprenant un tel dispositif
FR3048791A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-15 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa Mecanisme pour piece d'horlogerie et piece d'horlogerie comprenant un tel mecanisme
WO2017157870A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-21 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Dispositif pour pièce d'horlogerie, mouvement horloger et pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un tel dispositif
EP3299905A1 (de) 2016-09-27 2018-03-28 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Mechanischer oszillator für ein uhrwerk
CN111344640A (zh) * 2017-10-02 2020-06-26 爱彼钟表业制造有限公司 带有具有旋转重锤和共同返回力的谐波振荡器的钟表调校设备

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2105806B1 (de) * 2008-03-27 2013-11-13 Sowind S.A. Hemmungsmechanismus
EP2290476B1 (de) * 2009-08-18 2014-04-23 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Isochronismuskorrektor für Uhrhemmungsmechanismus und mit einem solchen Korrektor ausgestatteter Hemmungsmechanismus
WO2011120180A1 (fr) † 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Rolex S.A. Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée
US9075394B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2015-07-07 Nivarox-Far S.A. Flexible escapement mechanism with movable frame
CN104220941B (zh) * 2012-03-29 2017-03-22 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 具有无圆盘的摆轮的柔性擒纵机构
CN106462105B (zh) 2014-01-13 2019-05-17 洛桑联邦理工学院 机械的各向同性谐波振荡器、包括其的系统及计时装置
HK1231571A1 (zh) * 2014-01-13 2017-12-22 Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 没有擒纵机构或具有简化擒纵机构的各向同性谐波振荡器及相关时基
US12265359B2 (en) 2016-07-06 2025-04-01 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) General 2 degree of freedom isotropic harmonic oscillator and associated time base without escapement or with simplified escapement

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH279954A (fr) * 1947-08-28 1951-12-31 Strafford Andrews George Mécanisme d'horlogerie.
EP1736838A1 (de) 2005-06-23 2006-12-27 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. - Recherche et Développement Hemmung und Oszillator für Uhren

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10160287A1 (de) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-26 Lange Uhren Gmbh Tourbillon
FR2842313B1 (fr) * 2002-07-12 2004-10-22 Gideon Levingston Oscilliateur mecanique (systeme balancier et ressort spiral) en materiaux permettant d'atteindre un niveau superieur de precision, applique a un mouvement d'horlogerie ou autre instrument de precision

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH279954A (fr) * 1947-08-28 1951-12-31 Strafford Andrews George Mécanisme d'horlogerie.
EP1736838A1 (de) 2005-06-23 2006-12-27 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. - Recherche et Développement Hemmung und Oszillator für Uhren

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2911012A1 (de) * 2014-02-20 2015-08-26 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Oszillator einer Uhr
US9207641B2 (en) 2014-02-20 2015-12-08 Csem Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa—Recherche Et Developpement Timepiece oscillator
EP3076245A1 (de) 2015-04-02 2016-10-05 CSEM Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique SA Dämpfungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für mikromechanische uhrkomponente
US10452027B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2019-10-22 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA—Recherche et Développement Shock-absorber device, in particular for a micromechanical clockwork component
WO2017157870A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-21 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Dispositif pour pièce d'horlogerie, mouvement horloger et pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un tel dispositif
WO2017157868A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-21 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Mécanisme pour pièce d'horlogerie et pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un tel mécanisme
FR3048791A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-15 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa Mecanisme pour piece d'horlogerie et piece d'horlogerie comprenant un tel mecanisme
CN109478035A (zh) * 2016-03-14 2019-03-15 Lvmh瑞士制造公司 用于钟表的机构以及包括这种机构的钟表
FR3048792A1 (fr) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-15 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa Dispositif pour piece d'horlogerie, mouvement horloger et piece d'horlogerie comprenant un tel dispositif
US11029649B2 (en) 2016-03-14 2021-06-08 LVHM Swiss Manufactures SA Device for timepiece, clockwork movement and timepiece comprising such a device
US11460811B2 (en) 2016-03-14 2022-10-04 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Mechanism for a timepiece and timepiece comprising such a mechanism
EP3299905A1 (de) 2016-09-27 2018-03-28 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Mechanischer oszillator für ein uhrwerk
US10317843B2 (en) 2016-09-27 2019-06-11 Csem Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa—Recherche Et Developpement Mechanical oscillator for a horological movement
CN111344640A (zh) * 2017-10-02 2020-06-26 爱彼钟表业制造有限公司 带有具有旋转重锤和共同返回力的谐波振荡器的钟表调校设备

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Publication number Publication date
US7963693B2 (en) 2011-06-21
US20090207700A1 (en) 2009-08-20
EP2090941B1 (de) 2011-10-19

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