EP2101021B1 - Öffnungselement für Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Öffnungselement - Google Patents

Öffnungselement für Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Öffnungselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2101021B1
EP2101021B1 EP20090154792 EP09154792A EP2101021B1 EP 2101021 B1 EP2101021 B1 EP 2101021B1 EP 20090154792 EP20090154792 EP 20090154792 EP 09154792 A EP09154792 A EP 09154792A EP 2101021 B1 EP2101021 B1 EP 2101021B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
opening leaf
axis
support means
leaf
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Active
Application number
EP20090154792
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2101021A1 (de
Inventor
Denis Barral
Jérôme Fillon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OPmobility SE
Original Assignee
Plastic Omnium SE
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2101021A1 publication Critical patent/EP2101021A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2101021B1 publication Critical patent/EP2101021B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/1008—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
    • E05F1/1025—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis with a compression or traction spring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/12—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs
    • E05F1/1207—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
    • E05F1/1223—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis with a compression or traction spring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
    • E05Y2201/416—Function thereof for counterbalancing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/604—Transmission members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/546—Tailboards, tailgates or sideboards opening upwards

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rear doors for a motor vehicle.
  • This transverse axis is materialized by hinges located in an upper part of the opening. Such an opening is described in GB 2408026 .
  • body a metal structure, commonly referred to as "white box", forming a rigid armature of the vehicle, intended to support different bodies, including the opening, powertrain, axles, body parts, interior trim, etc.
  • the opening comprises support means capable of generating a torque around the axis of the opening to compensate, at least in part, the torque generated by the weight of the opening around the axis of the opening .
  • the support means comprise two pneumatic balancers which exert a substantially constant thrust on the opening.
  • the support means are connected to the body by first connecting means and the opening by second connecting means.
  • Each first and second connecting means comprises, for example, ball joints.
  • balancers of this type of opening are bulky and unsightly especially in the open position of the opening.
  • the invention aims to provide an alternative to these balancers.
  • the subject of the invention is a rear opening for a motor vehicle according to claim 1.
  • the support means of the opening according to the invention are relatively compact and aesthetic. Indeed, unlike the opening of the state of the art in which the balancers move relative to the opening and to the body, the axis of movement of the support means of the opening according to the invention is fixed relative to the opening and therefore does not generate unnecessary space.
  • the axis or axes, the element or elements and the traction means can be integrated into the opening, which makes the support means relatively discrete and aesthetic.
  • the member exerts a thrust force on the body to which it is attached.
  • the body exerts a reaction force on the opening which also supports the opening.
  • the traction means comprise at least one elastically deformable element.
  • the traction means comprise pneumatic or hydraulic balancers.
  • each elastically deformable element comprises at least one spring intended to be compressed or stretched on the axis of displacement and fixed to the element.
  • these support means are not sensitive to temperature.
  • the pressure can drop and decrease the torque generated by the balancer. The user must then provide additional torque to open the opening and ensure that the opening does not fall from its open position without being retained by the balancer.
  • the opening according to this embodiment of the invention avoids this problem.
  • the elastically deformable element exerts a non-constant thrust.
  • the variation and the value of the biasing torque as a function of the position of the opening can therefore be parameterized in particular according to the mechanical characteristics of the elastically deformable element.
  • the elastically deformable element thus makes it possible to parameterize the variation of the biasing torque of the sash and thus to easily reduce the torque that the user must bring to open and close the sash.
  • the traction means comprise motorized means.
  • Motorized means relatively compact and inexpensive can be used. Indeed, the torque that the user must bring to close and open the opening can be relatively reduced, the motorized means may be low power, which reduces their size and cost.
  • the axis of movement is intended to be carried by the body.
  • the vertical dimension of the second geometric axis of rotation of the support means around the opening is greater than the vertical dimension of the first geometric axis of rotation of the support means around the body.
  • balancers of this type of opening are bulky and unsightly especially in the open position of the opening.
  • a second type of opening of the state of the art in the longitudinal vertical plane of the vehicle and in the "opening closed" position of the opening, the vertical dimension of the second geometric axis of rotation of the support means around the opening is less than the vertical dimension of the first geometric axis of rotation of the support means around the body.
  • the torque generated by the balancers decreases monotonically between the "open open” and “open closed” positions so that it is necessary to have balancers with a very large thrust to compensate the torque generated by the weight of the opening.
  • the couple to provide a user to close this type of opening is relatively large which makes it difficult to handle for some people.
  • the support means as defined above of the opening according to the invention are relatively compact, which particularly promotes the aesthetics of the vehicle and allows easy access to the trunk of the vehicle.
  • the first geometric axis being in or on the geometric cylinder
  • the support means are grouped in a relatively small volume.
  • the vertical dimension of the second geometric axis is greater than or equal to the vertical dimension of the first axis in the longitudinal vertical plane, the vertical dimension of the second axis is relatively close to that of the main axis of rotation so as not to exclude the first geometric axis of the geometric cylinder.
  • the support means are compact.
  • the opening is also easy to handle. Indeed, the torque generated by the weight increases over a range of successive positions between the "open closed” position and an intermediate position, then decreases from this intermediate position into the “open open” position.
  • the biasing torque is a function of the distance, said distance to the axis, between the axis of rotation of the opening and a geometrical line passing, in the longitudinal vertical plane, the first and second geometric axes.
  • the first geometric axis lying in the geometric cylinder, the distance to the axis is from a range of successive positions from the "opening closed” position of the opening to an intermediate position of the opening, then decreases from the intermediate position to the "open open” position of the opening.
  • the biasing torque then has a variation substantially similar to that of the torque generated by the weight, which allows a user to close and open the opening by providing a relatively low torque, corresponding to the difference between the torque generated by the weight. and the solicitation torque.
  • the variation of the distance to the axis is relatively easy to control.
  • it is easy to control the variation of the torque generated by the support means. It is therefore easy to make an opening whose variation and the value of the biasing torque are close to those of the torque generated by the weight of the opening.
  • the torque that the user must bring to close and open the opening can be chosen and reduced as much as possible so that the opening is the easiest possible to handle.
  • the torque generated by the support means is constantly substantially equal to the torque generated by the weight (taking into account any mechanical friction) so that the opening is constantly in equilibrium between the open and closed positions.
  • the torque generated by the support means can be relatively small, the forces exerted on the body and the opening are also relatively small which avoids strengthening the box and opening in areas of effort on which the means of support exert their forces.
  • the support means comprise at least one pneumatic or hydraulic balancer.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises an opening as defined above.
  • X, Y, Z orthogonal axes between them corresponding to the usual longitudinal orientations X, transverse Y and vertical Z of a motor vehicle, the X axis being oriented from front to rear of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a box 14 having a cash register opening 16 allowing access to the interior of the vehicle 10, in particular to a storage box 18.
  • the body 14 comprises two so-called vertical uprights 20, 22 and two so-called upper transverse uprights 24 and lower 26 connecting the two vertical uprights 20 and 22 between them.
  • the upper transverse amount 24 extends the roof 28 of the vehicle 10 towards the rear thereof.
  • Each vertical upright 20, 22 and transverse 24, 26 delimits a part of the opening 16.
  • the T axis is materialized by hinges 30 fixed to the body 14 and the opening 12.
  • the opening 12 also comprises means 32 for supporting the opening 12 capable of generating a biasing torque around the axis T.
  • the support means 32 are connected to the body 14 by first connecting means 34.
  • support means 32 are connected to the opening 12 by second connecting means 36.
  • the support means 32 comprise a displacement axis 40 and two elements 41, 42 able to move, in this case to slide, along the axis 40 of displacement.
  • Each element 41, 42 is also pivotable about the axis 40.
  • the support means 32 also comprise traction means 43 of the elements 41, 42. These means 43 are able to exert a traction force on each element 41, 42 to move it along the axis of displacement 40.
  • the support means 32 comprise two members 48, 50 able to exert a thrust force on the opening 12 under the effect of the traction force.
  • Each member 48, 50 is on the one hand fixed to the opening 12 by the second connecting means 36 and, on the other hand, fixed to the element 41, 42 corresponding by a pivot connection 52, 54.
  • Each member 48 , 50 comprises a rigid rod 56, 58.
  • the first extension position corresponds to the closing position of the opening 12 while the second extension position corresponds to the open position of the opening 12.
  • the spring can take several positions of intermediate lengthening in which it presents, for each of these positions, an intermediate length L3 between the first length L1 and the second length L2.
  • the spring 39 is compressed or stretched on the axis 40 respectively when a user opens or closes the opening 12.
  • the axis 40 is substantially parallel to the direction Y and thus to the axis of opening T.
  • L ' displacement axis 40 comprises two stops 44, 46 for limiting the transverse displacement respectively of each element 41, 42 on the axis 40.
  • the axis 40 is carried by the body 14, in this case, attached to the upper transverse amount 24, by the first connecting means, for example by screws or welding.
  • the axis 40 is therefore fixed relative to the body 14.
  • the second connecting means 36 comprise two ball joints 60, 62.
  • the first connecting means 34 have a first geometric axis A1 of rotation substantially parallel to the axis of the opening T around which the support means 32 are pivotable relative to the body 14.
  • This first axis A1 is materialized by the axis 40.
  • the second connecting means 36 have a second geometric axis A2 of rotation substantially parallel to the axis of the opening T and the axis A1 around which the support means 32 are pivotable relative to to the opening 12.
  • This second axis A2 is embodied by the ball joints 60, 62 able, moreover, to pivot about the axes X and Z.
  • the geometric axis A1 is fixed relative to the body while the geometric axis A2 is mobile with respect to the body.
  • the axis of the opening T and the second geometric axis A2 form two diametrically opposite generatrices of a geometric cylinder R inside or on which is located the first axis geometric A1.
  • the vertical dimension Z2 of the second geometric axis A2 is greater than or equal to the vertical dimension Z1 of the first geometric axis A1.
  • vertical dimension we mean the altitude relative to the ground along the Z axis of each axis projected in the plane P.
  • the vertical dimension ZT of the axis T is greater than the vertical dimension Z2 of the axis A2.
  • the axes T, A1 and A2 are arranged along the X axis in this order.
  • Each pair C 1 , C 2 , C 3 increases over a range of successive positions from the closed position to an intermediate position, then decreases from this intermediate position into the open position.
  • Each intermediate position corresponding to each pair C 1 , C 2 , C 3 is respectively referenced I 1 , I 2 and I 3 .
  • the support means 32 are illustrated in the intermediate position I 2 of the opening 12 to the figure 6 .
  • the torque C 2 is less than the torque C 1 over a range of successive positions from the closing position of the opening 12 to a common position E 1,2 in which the pairs C 1 and C 2 are equal.
  • the torque C 2 is greater than the torque 1 from the common position E 1.2 to the open position of the opening 12.
  • the torque 3 is less than the torque 1 over a range of successive positions from the closed position to a common position E 1.3 in which the pairs 1 and 3 are equal.
  • the torque 3 is greater than the torque 1 from the common position E 1.3 to the open position.
  • the torque C 4 to be supplied by the user to open the opening 12 according to the invention from the closed position to the common position E 1.2 is smaller than the torque to be supplied by this user to open the opening from the state of the art from the closed position to the common position E 1.3 .
  • the opening according to the invention is relatively easy to open.
  • the value of the torque C 5 between the closed position and the common position is positive, the value of the torque C 5 is therefore the value of the torque to be supplied by a user to close the door.
  • the torque C 5 to be supplied by the user to close the opening 12 according to the invention from the open position to the common position E 1,2 is smaller than the torque to be supplied by this user to close the door. opening of the state of the technique from the open position to the common position E 1.3 .
  • the opening according to the invention is relatively easy to close.
  • the first connection means 34 of the support means 32 to the body 14 comprise two ball joints 60, 62 embodying the geometric axis A1.
  • the support means 32 of the opening 12 comprise two axes 40a, 40b carried by the opening 12, in this case attached to the opening 12, for example by screws or welding.
  • the axes 40a, 40b are therefore fixed relative to the opening 12.
  • Each spring 39a, 39b is compressed or stretched respectively when a user opens or closes the opening 12.
  • the support means 32 also comprise two elements 41, 42 capable of sliding respectively along the axes 40a, 40b around which they are each able to pivot about the geometric axis A2.
  • Each axis 40a, 40b respectively comprises a stop 44, 46 for limiting the axial displacement respectively of each element 41, 42 on each axis 40a, 40b.
  • Each member 48, 50 is fixed on the one hand to the body by the ball joint 60, 62 and, on the other hand, to the element 41, 42 by a pivot connection. Thus, each member 48, 50 is able to exert a thrust force on the body to which it is attached and by reaction, cause the support of the opening 12.
  • the figure 11 illustrates the axes T, A1, A2 in the closed position of the opening 12 and in the longitudinal vertical plane P of the vehicle 10.
  • the support means 32 comprise two pneumatic balancers 38a, 38b.
  • the balancers 38a, 38b may be hydraulic.
  • the first and second connecting means 34, 36 each comprise two balls respectively referenced 40a, 40b and 60, 62.
  • the traction means 43 comprise motorized means

Landscapes

  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Hecktür (12) für Kraftfahrzeug (10), die dazu bestimmt ist, in Drehung in Bezug auf die Karosserie (14) um eine geometrische Querachse (T) des Fahrzeugs, Türachse genannt, beweglich zu sein zwischen:
    - einer Position "Tür geschlossen", in der die Tür (12) eine Karosserieöffnung (16) des Fahrzeugs verschließt, und
    - einer Position "Tür offen", in der die Tür (12) die Öffnung (16) mindestens zum Teil freigibt,
    wobei die Tür (12) Tragmittel (32) der Tür (12) aufweist, die geeignet sind, um ein Belastungsdrehmoment um die Achse (T) der Tür zu erzeugen, wobei die Tragmittel Folgendes aufweisen:
    - mindestens eine Bewegungsachse (40a, 40b), die in Bezug auf die Tür stationär ist,
    - mindestens ein Element (41, 42), das geeignet ist, um sich entlang der Bewegungsachse zu bewegen,
    - Zugmittel (43), die geeignet sind, um eine Zugkraft auf jedes Element auszuüben, um es entlang der Bewegungsachse zu bewegen,
    - mindestens ein Organ (48, 50), das einerseits an der Karosserie (14) und andererseits an dem Element befestigt ist, das geeignet ist, um eine Schubkraft auf der Karosserie (14), auf der das Organ (48, 50) befestigt ist, unter der Wirkung der Zugkraft auszuüben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegungsachse (40a, 40b) von der Tür (12) getragen wird und im Wesentlichen zu der Türachse (T) parallel ist.
  2. Tür (12) nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Zugmittel (43) mindestens ein elastisch verformbares Element (38) aufweisen.
  3. Tür (12) nach Anspruch 2, bei der jedes elastisch verformbare Element mindestens eine Feder (39a, 39b) aufweist, die dazu bestimmt ist, auf der Bewegungsachse (40a, 40b) komprimiert oder gestreckt und an dem Element (41, 42) befestigt zu sein.
  4. Tür (12) nach Anspruch 3, bei der die Feder (39a, 39b) verformbar ist zwischen:
    - einer ersten Dehnungsposition, in der die Feder (39a, 39b) eine erste Dehnungslänge (L1) aufweist, wobei die erste Dehnungsposition der Position "Tür geschlossen" der Tür entspricht, und
    - einer zweiten Dehnungsposition, in der die Feder (39a, 39b) eine zweite Dehnungslänge (L2) aufweist, die kleiner ist als die erste, wobei die zweite Dehnungsposition der Position "Tür offen" der Tür entspricht.
  5. Tür (12) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Zugmittel (43) motorisierte Mittel aufweisen.
  6. Tür (12) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Tragmittel (32) jeweils mit der Karosserie (14) und mit der Tür (12) jeweils durch erste (34) und zweite (36) Verbindungsmittel verbunden sind, wobei die ersten (34) und die zweiten (36) Verbindungsmittel jeweils erste (A1) und zweite (A2) geometrische Rotationsachsen aufweisen, die im Wesentlichen zu der Türachse (T) parallel sind, um welche die Tragmittel (32) jeweils in Bezug auf die Karosserie (14) und die Tür (12) schwenken können, und in der Position "Tür geschlossen" der Tür (12):
    - die Achse (T) der Tür und die zweite geometrische Rotationsachse (A2) der Tragmittel um die Tür zwei diametral gegenüberliegende Mantellinien eines geometrischen Zylinders (R) bilden, in dessen Innerem oder auf dem die erste geometrische Rotationsachse (A1) der Tragmittel (32) um die Karosserie (14) liegt, und
    - in einer vertikalen Längsebene (P) des Fahrzeugs das vertikale Maß (Z2) der zweiten geometrischen Rotationsachse (A2) der Tragmittel um die Tür größer oder gleich dem vertikalen Maß (Z1) der ersten geometrischen Rotationsachse (A1) der Tragmittel um die Karosserie ist.
  7. Kraftfahrzeug (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Tür (12) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweist.
EP20090154792 2008-03-14 2009-03-10 Öffnungselement für Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Öffnungselement Active EP2101021B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0851658A FR2928680B1 (fr) 2008-03-14 2008-03-14 Ouvrant pour vehicule automobile et vehicule comprenant cet ouvrant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2101021A1 EP2101021A1 (de) 2009-09-16
EP2101021B1 true EP2101021B1 (de) 2014-05-07

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EP20090154792 Active EP2101021B1 (de) 2008-03-14 2009-03-10 Öffnungselement für Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Öffnungselement

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2101021B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2488494T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2928680B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022117660A1 (de) 2022-07-14 2024-01-25 Brose Fahrzeugteile Se & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Verstellanordnung zum Verstellen eines Verschlusselements eines Kraftfahrzeugs

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2880451A (en) * 1956-04-04 1959-04-07 Chyrus L Beck Door closer
DE3744083A1 (de) * 1987-12-24 1989-07-06 Opel Adam Ag Vorrichtung zum motorischen oeffnen und schliessen schwenkbarer karosserieteile von kraftfahrzeugen
GB2408026A (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-18 Gencorp Property Inc Spring mechanism for pivotting member

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FR2928680B1 (fr) 2012-04-20
EP2101021A1 (de) 2009-09-16
ES2488494T3 (es) 2014-08-27
FR2928680A1 (fr) 2009-09-18

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