EP2104403A1 - Appareil de montage électronique, appareil d'éclairage et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents
Appareil de montage électronique, appareil d'éclairage et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2104403A1 EP2104403A1 EP09003869A EP09003869A EP2104403A1 EP 2104403 A1 EP2104403 A1 EP 2104403A1 EP 09003869 A EP09003869 A EP 09003869A EP 09003869 A EP09003869 A EP 09003869A EP 2104403 A1 EP2104403 A1 EP 2104403A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switching
- lamp
- electronic ballast
- switching element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000001439 Opuntia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004727 Opuntia ficus indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
- H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
- H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
- H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating at least one designed in particular as a high-pressure discharge lamp lamp having a at least one switching element having converter which is formed by means of alternating switching operations of the at least one switching element for generating a voltage varying in polarity to the lamp and to provide a continuous operation is, and which at least each comprises an inductance and a capacitance, with which a voltage over the voltage applied in continuous operation greater takeover voltage is at least after the ignition of the lamp by an igniter available.
- the invention also relates to a lighting device with a corresponding ballast and both a method for operating an electronic ballast for providing a takeover voltage and a method for operating a corresponding lighting device.
- high-pressure discharge lamps are operated with electronic ballasts which have a converter with at least one switching element.
- the lamp In continuous operation during the lamp firing phase, the lamp is subjected to a low-frequency voltage of, for example, 80 V-150 V, which changes its polarity.
- An inductive element limits the lamp current and a capacitive element is used, for example, to filter ripple current.
- To ignite the lamp an ignition voltage in the range of several KV is required. After the ignition process, the transition from a glow discharge phase into the burning phase requires a voltage which is higher than the continuous operation, the so-called take-over voltage.
- the ballast according to the invention is designed such that when changing the polarity by a constant switching state of the switching element and avoiding a resonance, a transfer of stored in the capacitance or the capacitive element energy in the inductance or the inductive element causes and by this Energy is generated while avoiding resonance over the capacitive element, a voltage increase for providing a transfer voltage to the lamp.
- the constant switching state of the switching element causes the stored energy in the inductive element or its electromagnetic field is conducted by means of an overshoot back to the capacitance, whereby over this a voltage increase occurs.
- the lamp pole is preferably centered between inductance and capacitance for this purpose. While at least one lamp inductor is preferably used as the inductive element, the capacitance can be formed by a single or a plurality of capacitors, in particular by the filter capacitors already present in the circuit.
- the avoidance of resonances and resonance excitations - in particular by a subsequently described subsequent change in the switching state of the switching element leads to a significantly lower component load than in the case of the ballasts known from the prior art.
- the heat and energy losses associated with the forced excitation of resonances are eliminated.
- the at least one preferably designed as a switching transistor switching element during the transfer voltage generation remains in a switching state, so it is open or closed, and does not switch, which in turn is advantageous for the switching element.
- the components which are required for the continuous operation of the lamp anyway, are used simultaneously for the provision of the transfer voltage. It can therefore be dispensed with additional components.
- the ballast according to the invention usually comprises at least one control circuit comprising an IC or the like for driving the at least one switching element.
- At least part of the energy stored in the capacitive element from the preceding switching operation is provided for generating the transfer voltage during the subsequent switching operation.
- the one from one previous switching operation energy still present in the circuit is used at least partially directly, which results in the generation of the transfer voltage only little energy losses.
- the converter for the constant switching state of the switching element is provided with the condition that the current through the inductance is smaller than a predetermined desired value IO.
- the electronic ballast is designed such that the resulting during a first switching operation on the lamp voltage of a desired polarity by multiple switching of the switching element during a second switching operation is reduced until a corresponding voltage overshoot corresponding, reduced voltage is achieved.
- the switching element then remains switched on until the current after the overshoot by the inductance is minimal.
- the switching mode to change the polarity of a lamp pole is always turned on as long as a supply branch of a desired potential, until the current through the inductive element reaches a maximum value; the voltage drops in the direction of the desired potential value. As soon as the current reaches a setpoint I0, the switching element switches off and the current continues to drop.
- the converter of the electronic ballast is designed such that the condition U over ⁇ I0 * (L / C) ⁇ (1/2) applies to the voltage-excess portion U across the voltage.
- (L / C) ⁇ (1/2) is a characteristic value for the combination of inductance and capacitance and defines a limit condition for the transfer voltage via the setpoint specification. It can also be referred to as a characteristic resistance or characteristic resistance and allows an easy-to-handle condition for U over.
- the set point may be variable with time or other parameters for adaptation to temperature or other circuit conditions.
- the electronic ballast is advantageously provided with a converter with two switching elements, which are particularly preferably connected in a half-bridge topology.
- the first switching element is decisively provided for the first and the second switching element for the second switching operation.
- the circuit is sufficiently flexible by the use of two switching transistors to deliver not only the continuous operation performance, even with a comparatively simple structure, but also to be able to generate a transfer voltage controlled.
- the electronic ballast preferably comprises an ignition device integrated in the ballast which can ignite during the provision of the transfer voltage.
- the ignition process is short compared to providing the take-over voltage during and through the overshoot.
- at least part of the capacity is formed by a capacity of the ignition device.
- this has a converter with at least one primary coil, which is connected in series with the inductance with a diode, in order to detect the lamp current in a secondary circuit to be assigned to the current measuring device in a form-accurate, phase and / or amplitude-accurate manner .
- An accurate current measuring device is advantageous for the circuit, in particular for the times at which the respective switching elements are to be switched.
- the primary coils are decoupled via a respective diode associated with the primary coils connected in series to the inductance, so that regardless of the direction of the current via the inductor an exact measurement is possible.
- the object is also achieved by a lighting device which has a preferably designed as a high-pressure discharge lamp and an electronic ballast as described above. Accordingly, the above apply Advantages also for the lighting device.
- the object is further achieved by a method for operating an electronic ballast for operating at least one particular designed as a high-pressure discharge lamp with a converter having at least one switching element, which by means of alternating switching operations of at least one switching element to produce a changing in polarity on the lamp Voltage and for providing a continuous operation power is formed, and which comprises at least one respective inductance and a capacitance with which a over the voltage applied in continuous operation voltage greater over Uüber at least after the ignition of the lamp is provided by an ignitor.
- the ballast is designed in particular as described above.
- the converter is provided with two switching elements, wherein the first switching element is operated during a first and the second switching element during a second switching phase to provide the continuous operating power, wherein the voltage applied from the first GmbH Anlagensphase voltage can be reduced by a switching operation of the second switching element, until this switching element remains switched to generate the transfer voltage.
- the voltage applied above the capacitive element or capacitors, which are preferably designed as capacitors, corresponds to the excessive proportion of the transfer voltage.
- the method according to the invention is further characterized in that the second switching element is opened again after the provision of the transfer voltage when the current via the inductance after the overshoot is again approximately zero. As a result, a possible settling of the system is effectively prevented.
- the method described above also serves the operation of a lighting device according to the invention.
- the ballast according to the invention Fig. 1 shows a lamp LP, which is integrated in a half-bridge circuit. While the right pole of the lamp LP in the figure has a potential in the middle of the two supply branches via the two capacitors C4 and C5, the left pole of the lamp LP in FIG. 2 is connected via two switching transistors S1 and S2, for example MOSFETs designed as a throttle inductive element L1 between the potentials of the two supply branches back and forth.
- the supply voltage is a DC voltage U0 between the two supply branches of eg 400 V. U0 is preferably generated by rectification of mains voltage and power factor correction.
- the DC link voltage is reduced via a step-down converter comprising a switching transistor (S1), an inductance L2 formed by means of a choke and a capacitance to the required lamp voltage.
- the capacitance of the circuit is formed by three filter capacitors C1, C2 and C3 having a total capacitance C1-3, but could be formed in other circuits by another (one or more) number of capacitors.
- the igniter G1 generates in a manner known per se an ignition voltage, at the same time the capacitor C3 provides for interference suppression of the circuit during ignition. Without the provision of a take-over voltage by a voltage increase at the pick-up point for U1, the lamp would not go into a burning phase after ignition.
- the left pole in the figure of the lamp LP is (neglecting the igniter) between the inductor L1 and the total capacity.
- the voltage U1 is gradually reduced by switching S2 in the subsequent switching phase or the subsequent switching operation.
- S1 remains open during this time.
- S2 is in this case switched through until the current I1 reaches the predetermined maximum value I0 via the throttle.
- the current continues to flow through the freewheeling diode associated with S1, further reducing U1. If the current decreases to zero, S2 is closed again and the voltage U1 reduces further.
- S2 remains switched through and the energy stored in the capacitance is transferred to the reactor or its electromagnetic field, with the exception of slight losses.
- the transfer voltage is detected, for example, on the basis of the current curve I1 and / or the time course, the device is ignited in the region of maximum transfer voltage and the lamp is provided with a sufficient transfer voltage.
- the initial switching operation and the subsequent switching operation can also take place in the order S2-S1, so that a positive voltage overshoot is generated. Furthermore, these two switching operations can also be integrated into the first or second switching operation of the lamp LP for the low-frequency DC voltage supply changing in its polarity, so that each time a changeover from a first to a second switching operation, a transfer voltage can be provided. The lamp LP can thus be quickly supplied with a takeover voltage even after a failed start attempt.
- the Indian FIG. 3 shows the course of the voltage overshoot relative to the current shows the dependence of the voltage overshoot of I0 at a constant L and the total capacity C1-3.
- L and C1-3 can be adapted to the desired lamp.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810014996 DE102008014996A1 (de) | 2008-03-19 | 2008-03-19 | Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät, Beleuchtungsgerät und Verfahren zum Betrieb dieser |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2104403A1 true EP2104403A1 (fr) | 2009-09-23 |
| EP2104403B1 EP2104403B1 (fr) | 2013-10-09 |
Family
ID=40834427
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20090003869 Not-in-force EP2104403B1 (fr) | 2008-03-19 | 2009-03-18 | Ballast électronique, appareil d'éclairage et son procédé de fonctionnement |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2104403B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102008014996A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012031935A1 (fr) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | Osram Ag | Montage et procédé permettant de mettre en marche et de faire fonctionner une lampe à décharge haute pression |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2178607A (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-11 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Discharge lamp driving circuit |
| WO1996038024A1 (fr) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Jon Paul | Ballast electronique de haute efficacite |
| US6380694B1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-30 | Matsushita Electric Works R & D Laboratory | Variable structure circuit topology for HID lamp electronic ballasts |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19916878B4 (de) * | 1998-09-18 | 2011-06-22 | Tridonic Ag | Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen |
| JP4087292B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-26 | 2008-05-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 高輝度放電ランプ点灯装置およびその点灯方法 |
| DE102005023171A1 (de) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-22 | Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp. | Lichtvorrichtung für Entladungslampen |
-
2008
- 2008-03-19 DE DE200810014996 patent/DE102008014996A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-03-18 EP EP20090003869 patent/EP2104403B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2178607A (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-11 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Discharge lamp driving circuit |
| WO1996038024A1 (fr) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Jon Paul | Ballast electronique de haute efficacite |
| US6380694B1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-30 | Matsushita Electric Works R & D Laboratory | Variable structure circuit topology for HID lamp electronic ballasts |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012031935A1 (fr) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | Osram Ag | Montage et procédé permettant de mettre en marche et de faire fonctionner une lampe à décharge haute pression |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2104403B1 (fr) | 2013-10-09 |
| DE102008014996A1 (de) | 2009-09-24 |
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