EP2111127A1 - Hochdruckformgebung für tabakmaterial - Google Patents
Hochdruckformgebung für tabakmaterialInfo
- Publication number
- EP2111127A1 EP2111127A1 EP07856380A EP07856380A EP2111127A1 EP 2111127 A1 EP2111127 A1 EP 2111127A1 EP 07856380 A EP07856380 A EP 07856380A EP 07856380 A EP07856380 A EP 07856380A EP 2111127 A1 EP2111127 A1 EP 2111127A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco material
- tobacco
- pressure
- bar
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the high pressure molding of tobacco material. Specifically, it relates to the production of shredded tobacco material or fibrous tobacco material which can be used as a product for the manufacture of smoking articles.
- Rib processing processes in which the ribs are processed into tobacco foil are known, for example, from DE 40 05 656 C2 and DE 43 25 497 A1. Such tobacco sheet processes produce products with moderate to poor fillability and sensorics. From DE 100 65 132 A1 a process for the production of agglomerates is known in which larger particle complexes are prepared from the smallest tobacco particles. In this case, binders must be used, and for the processing of coarser tobacco material (such as ribs or winnowings), such a process is not suitable.
- a tobacco material quality is to be provided which readily complies with the mechanical production of cigarettes and in particular even meets the requirements for a tobacco material for the self-production of cigarettes.
- the wear on devices of the prior art should be minimized.
- the tobacco raw material may principally comprise a coarse tobacco material, in particular having a particle size of more than 2 mm. It can be a tobacco rib material or a winnowing material, in particular with a rib size of more than 2 mm. It should be noted that tobacco materials such as pipe fins, winnowings, short star or star fibers but also scraps (small leaf tobacco particles), other small tobacco particles, tobacco dust or a mixture of the components mentioned can be used.
- a tobacco starting material is heated and brought to a first elevated pressure in one process stage. Thereafter, in a subsequent process stage, the tobacco material is pumped to a second elevated pressure higher than the first elevated pressure, and finally the heated and pressurized tobacco material is expanded and passed through a forming tool.
- the pumping process helps to significantly reduce the pressure (further referred to as overpressure) before relaxation and passage through the forming tool to increase and thereby to achieve optimum process conditions for the production of a product which is still improved in quality.
- Very high pressures can be generated, which can not be achieved with the measures described in the prior art (screw conveyors), and this allows, inter alia, a great deal of freedom in the choice of the shaping tool.
- a very low-Verschieb spreb ist is possible. Details of the advantageous mechanisms of the invention will be discussed in detail later.
- the pumping of the tobacco material to the second elevated pressure is carried out according to an embodiment of the invention without substantially increasing the temperature of the material.
- a pumping operation allows such an approach.
- the tobacco raw material is heated to a temperature of 60 to 180 0 C, in particular 100 to 140 0 C and brought to a pressure of 10 to 200 bar, in particular 1 to 100 bar, especially 1 to 50 bar in the first stage ,
- a pressure of 100 to 700 bar can then be achieved according to the present invention, in particular 200 to 700 bar and especially more than 200 bar to 700 bar.
- the relaxation of the tobacco material takes place when passing through the forming tool to atmospheric pressure and it is done in particular by a controlled flash evaporation.
- the tobacco material can be guided in the second process stage by a positive displacement pump, in particular a gear pump.
- the tobacco material as it passes through the forming tool, is fiber-shaped, in particular defibered, and the forming tool may be, for example, an outlet gap, a shear gap, a die or a die. Due to the process conditions that can be achieved by pumping to the second elevated pressure, the risk of blockage can be avoided, and the choice of tools becomes more free great advantage is, of course, because the tobacco material form to be set can also be chosen more freely.
- the tobacco raw material is in particular placed under mechanical pressure in the first stage of the process, especially by means of a screw conveyor or plug seh, which presses the material against the outlet of a, in particular heatable, screw conveyor.
- the tobacco material may be used immediately after further processing as a smoking article material, especially if the tobacco source material is a winnowing material. However, it can also be subjected to a classification, especially if the starting material is a coarse rib material. In this case, the rejected materials would be subjected to the process according to the invention again and the non-segregated residue can be fed directly to further processing as a smoking material.
- the mechanical pump may be a hydrostatic positive displacement pump, in particular a gear pump.
- the forming tool is a tool which fibrously shapes, in particular shreds, the tobacco material and may specifically comprise an outlet gap, a shear gap, a die or a die.
- the pressure chamber or the pressure chamber forms a heatable screw conveyor, in particular a stuffing sneeze, which serves as a conveyor for conveying the tobacco material from the inlet to the outlet.
- the invention also relates to the use of a device, as described above, for the fibrous production of tobacco material, in particular for defibering tobacco material. Another embodiment relates to the use of such a device for producing fine-cut tobacco material, in particular for use in the self-production of cigarettes. Moreover, the present invention also relates to one of the abovementioned uses, in which a method is carried out, as has been described in the introduction in various embodiments.
- the tobacco starting material is a coarse tobacco material, in particular with a particle size of more than 2 mm;
- the tobacco source material is a tobacco rib material or winnowing material, especially with a rib size greater than 2 mm;
- the tobacco raw material is processed without the addition of structure-forming, tobacco-foreign materials
- the residence time of the tobacco material in the continuous flow is less than three minutes, in particular less than two minutes and preferably less than one minute;
- the material is coarsely pre-shrunk or pre-shredded in the pressure chamber during transport to the forming tool;
- shear gap walls perform during the passage of the tobacco material from a relative movement (shearing motion);
- tobacco material conditioning or casing takes place, wherein the increase in material moisture is from 9 to 12% to about 20 to 30%; the tobacco material has a humidity of about 14 to 18% after the relaxation and passage through the forming tool;
- the tobacco material is cooled at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure until it has a humidity of about 12 to 16%;
- the gap walls have roughening or profiling
- the plug screw has steeper spiral turns towards the area of the outlet;
- the device according to the invention is preceded in the same or in an upstream pressure chamber housing a pressure conditioning system, in particular a screw chamber pressure conditioning plant.
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing shredded tobacco material according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a characteristic pressure-throughput curve for a
- Figure 3 is an illustration of the mass flow in a screw conveyor on the pressure, wherein different flow components are shown;
- Figure 4 is a graph showing the humidity of the tobacco material after exiting a screw conveyor (extruder) as a function of
- FIG. 6 shows a typical operating curve (compaction pressure and operating time) for an embodiment of the device according to the present invention
- the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has a piebald conveyor, which is identified by the reference numeral 1.
- the screw conveyor has a screw conveyor 5, which is mounted on a shaft 3 and accommodated in a housing 2 (pressure chamber).
- tobacco ribs are fed into the screw conveyor 1 and conveyed by the screw 5, namely to the left to the outlet 6 of the screw conveyor 1 out.
- the conditioned fin material is pre-shredded and mechanically brought to an elevated pressure at the outlet, which can be up to 200 bar.
- the gear pump 7 connects, which stands here as an example of a hydrostatic positive displacement pump.
- the fin material initially enters the pump 7 via the inlet 8 provided in the housing 9, and it is then further conveyed and compressed by the two pump gears 11 and 13.
- the compression that is, the pressure increase takes place by the reduction of the receiving spaces between the gears, and so reaches highly compressed or under very high pressure (second increased pressure) standing tobacco material pump output 10.
- the pressures at the pump outlet 10 and the pump input 8 are respectively measured and checked by the pressure measuring sensors 17 and 15. By adjusting the operation of the pump can be influenced on these pressures and optionally carried out a correction.
- the forming tool From the pump outlet 10 from the tobacco material enters the forming tool, which has been provided in Figure 1 by the reference numeral 23. It consists of an inner cone 19, which is statically arranged and an outer cone 21, which may be mounted statically but also axially displaceable. The inner cone 19 and the outer cone 21 of the tool form a gap 25 through which the tobacco material under high pressure can escape from the device, wherein it O
- the present invention thus relates - as it is carried out in the illustrated device - the defibration (shredding) and reshaping of tobacco materials to apply tobacco particles fibrous.
- the process is characterized by a particularly low-wear mode of operation and increased process flexibility. Tobacco coarse particles are crushed, optionally formed together with existing or added in the starting material or added small or very small parts as needed in the tool and applied as fibers. It is particularly advantageous to regard the robustness of such an apparatus in relation to the wear-resistant properties of the material to be processed, in particular because restrictions with regard to the choice of formulation can be eliminated.
- the tobacco material produced by a method or apparatus of the present invention can be used directly for the manufacture of smoking articles; it does not differ in shape and color from cut tobacco.
- the invention opens up the production of smoking article products for the self-production of cigarettes (also called roll-your-own products (RYO) or make-your-own products (MYO)) with small cutting width, since the choice of tools flexible and especially tools with very small channels can be used, which are usable at very high pressures.
- the invention is based inter alia on the following considerations:
- Such pressure can basically not be applied by a screw conveyor (extruder).
- backflow sum of pressure flow and leakage flow
- the ratio of product backflow to product delivery is significantly influenced by the necessary pressure at the chamber outlet, the wear pattern of the device (screw) to flow through the shear channel and by the existing material properties of the tobacco material (viscosity).
- Gear pumps are hydrostatic positive displacement pumps and operate on the principle of volumetrically completed pumping. By this principle, very high pressures can be generated in the promotion of viscous masses with moderate increases in temperature.
- the material should be fed to the pump (lightly) with a degree of pressure to achieve a 100% filling level, and a screw conveyor is very well suited for the production of this form.
- Liquid-like materials such as pastes, paps, doughs can be characterized by viscosities similar to liquids.
- tobacco materials are solids, but after a Wasservermeng ung, temperature rise and shear mostly pseudoplastic flow properties and thus be conveyed in a positive displacement pump. These basic flow properties are produced in the screw conveyor.
- a typical flow curve of a plasticized tobacco material is shown in Figure 5, and the invention thus uses this pseudo-viscosity to promote and pressurize the tobacco material, although in fact it does not produce a homogeneous slurry, as in tobacco sheet manufacture, for example.
- the tool 23 shown in Figure 1 has axially movable towards or away wegbewegbare gap walls which form a shear gap.
- the two tool parts (inner cone 19 and outer cone 21) are biased towards each other, and the indicated in the drawing profiling is the basis for the shaping and influencing the circumferentially-forming tobacco fibers.
- a rotation of the two tool parts against each other can be carried out (as in the prior art according to DE 10 2004 059 388 A1), it is surprisingly not necessary. From this realization, it is clear that for the first time it is possible to use matrices, static nozzles and the like as a tool, since a feared blockage and associated pressure increases (reduction of the free cross sections) become manageable.
- the combination of screw conveyor and pump, in particular positive displacement pump, can also help to compensate for unavoidable wear.
- the conveying behavior of the screw conveyor depends on the state of wear, the final pressure and the material properties. It is possible by the present inventive design to distribute the necessary pressure to flow through the tool differently between screw conveyor and positive displacement pump. With a deterioration of the wear pattern, for example, the final pressure of the screw conveyor can be reduced, in which case the positive displacement pump automatically introduces the necessary pressure increase to the flow of the tool.
- Such a behavior is shown in the operating curve of FIG.
- the measurements with the sensors 15, 17 are made in Figure 1.
- a formulation consisting of 70% Winnowings + 30% tobacco dust is treated in the apparatus according to FIG. 1 with the following parameters:
- the mass flow could be increased by about 60% due to the additional pressure input by the gear pump with the device according to the invention and thereby an increase in efficiency can be achieved.
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007002687A DE102007002687B4 (de) | 2007-01-18 | 2007-01-18 | Hochdruckformgebung für Tabakmaterial |
| PCT/EP2007/010552 WO2008086843A1 (de) | 2007-01-18 | 2007-12-05 | Hochdruckformgebung für tabakmaterial |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2111127A1 true EP2111127A1 (de) | 2009-10-28 |
| EP2111127B1 EP2111127B1 (de) | 2012-02-29 |
Family
ID=39232938
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07856380A Active EP2111127B1 (de) | 2007-01-18 | 2007-12-05 | Hochdruckformgebung für tabakmaterial |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8418697B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2111127B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101583289B (de) |
| AR (1) | AR064931A1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE547014T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2007344498B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0718033B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2669929C (de) |
| CL (1) | CL2008000002A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007002687B4 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2378836T3 (de) |
| MY (1) | MY151775A (de) |
| NZ (1) | NZ576074A (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2422057C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008086843A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008063613A1 (de) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | British American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Form- und Größengebung bei cellulosehaltigen Pflanzenmaterialien |
| CN103222672B (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏华正环保科技有限公司 | 一种烟草加工废弃物回收工艺及装置 |
| DE102021123238A1 (de) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-03-17 | British American Tobacco Exports Limited | Verfahren zum Verarbeiten von Tabakfeinstoffen zu einem nicht-kontinuierlichen Tabakmaterial |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1315661A (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1973-05-02 | British Insulated Callenders | Plastics extrusion process and apparatus |
| US3792010A (en) * | 1972-03-27 | 1974-02-12 | Ethicon Inc | Plasticized polyester sutures |
| US3968804A (en) * | 1974-05-20 | 1976-07-13 | Amf Incorporated | Extruded tobacco sheet |
| US4880018A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1989-11-14 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extruded tobacco materials |
| DE4005656C2 (de) | 1990-02-22 | 1994-05-26 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Tabak-Folie |
| CN1097116A (zh) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-11 | 赵学义 | 一次挤压成型再生烟丝生产工艺及其螺旋挤压成型机 |
| DE4325497A1 (de) | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-02 | Friedrich Priehs | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rauchbaren Tabakproduktes |
| EP0894594A3 (de) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-03-10 | Mitsubishi Chemical MKV Company | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Granulat oder Formkörper auf Vinylchloridharzbasis |
| DE10065132A1 (de) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-04 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Agglomeraten und entsprechendes Agglomerat |
| DE10304629B4 (de) * | 2003-02-05 | 2008-10-30 | British American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Druckkonditionierungsverfahren |
| DE102004059388B4 (de) | 2004-12-09 | 2006-11-30 | British American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Zerfaserung von Tabakmaterial |
| DE102005006117B4 (de) * | 2005-02-10 | 2007-01-11 | British American Tobacco (Germany) Gmbh | Verarbeitung von Tabakmaterialien mit hohem Anteil an Tabakkleinteilen |
| CN2852722Y (zh) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-01-03 | 将军烟草集团有限公司 | 烟草压块机进料机构 |
-
2007
- 2007-01-18 DE DE102007002687A patent/DE102007002687B4/de active Active
- 2007-12-05 RU RU2009122818/21A patent/RU2422057C2/ru active
- 2007-12-05 EP EP07856380A patent/EP2111127B1/de active Active
- 2007-12-05 NZ NZ576074A patent/NZ576074A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-05 CN CN2007800501573A patent/CN101583289B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-05 WO PCT/EP2007/010552 patent/WO2008086843A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-12-05 ES ES07856380T patent/ES2378836T3/es active Active
- 2007-12-05 AU AU2007344498A patent/AU2007344498B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-12-05 CA CA2669929A patent/CA2669929C/en active Active
- 2007-12-05 AT AT07856380T patent/ATE547014T1/de active
- 2007-12-05 BR BRPI0718033A patent/BRPI0718033B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2007-12-05 MY MYPI20091666 patent/MY151775A/en unknown
- 2007-12-12 US US12/523,143 patent/US8418697B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-01-02 CL CL200800002A patent/CL2008000002A1/es unknown
- 2008-01-16 AR ARP080100199A patent/AR064931A1/es active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008086843A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007002687A1 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
| BRPI0718033A2 (pt) | 2013-11-12 |
| RU2009122818A (ru) | 2011-02-27 |
| ATE547014T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
| CA2669929C (en) | 2011-11-15 |
| CN101583289B (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
| CL2008000002A1 (es) | 2008-07-25 |
| EP2111127B1 (de) | 2012-02-29 |
| US20100139675A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| ES2378836T3 (es) | 2012-04-18 |
| AU2007344498A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| CN101583289A (zh) | 2009-11-18 |
| NZ576074A (en) | 2011-08-26 |
| AU2007344498B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
| DE102007002687B4 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
| BRPI0718033B1 (pt) | 2018-07-17 |
| US8418697B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
| CA2669929A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| AR064931A1 (es) | 2009-05-06 |
| MY151775A (en) | 2014-07-14 |
| WO2008086843A1 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
| RU2422057C2 (ru) | 2011-06-27 |
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