EP2128888A2 - Lampe à décharge à haute tension à halogénures métalliques sans mercure - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute tension à halogénures métalliques sans mercure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2128888A2
EP2128888A2 EP09002659A EP09002659A EP2128888A2 EP 2128888 A2 EP2128888 A2 EP 2128888A2 EP 09002659 A EP09002659 A EP 09002659A EP 09002659 A EP09002659 A EP 09002659A EP 2128888 A2 EP2128888 A2 EP 2128888A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mercury
pressure discharge
metal halide
discharge lamp
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09002659A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2128888B1 (fr
EP2128888A3 (fr
Inventor
Yasuhiko Wakahata
Heinz-Jürgen Wesseling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blv Licht und Vakuumtechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Blv Licht und Vakuumtechnik GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Blv Licht und Vakuumtechnik GmbH filed Critical Blv Licht und Vakuumtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2128888A2 publication Critical patent/EP2128888A2/fr
Publication of EP2128888A3 publication Critical patent/EP2128888A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2128888B1 publication Critical patent/EP2128888B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp and in particular to a mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for generating ultraviolet radiation, comprising a mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • a mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp can be used in particular in photochemical process plants, for example for lacquer curing, for disinfection and / or for tanning purposes.
  • High pressure discharge lamps are gas discharge lamps.
  • conventional high-pressure discharge lamps in a gas-tight discharge vessel under higher pressure, in addition to a noble gas, either mercury alone or, as in the more modern metal halide high-pressure discharge lamps, mercury combined with traces of metal halides.
  • electrodes protrude, between which in the case of a sufficiently high electrical voltage difference, a self-sustaining gas discharge (an arc) is formed.
  • High pressure discharge lamps generally emit a line spectrum, that is, lines are emitted in wavelengths characteristic of the mercury and admixtures.
  • the mercury spectrum alone has large gaps, especially in the UV-A range, which are only filled by the admixtures.
  • high intensity discharge lamps emit significant amounts of UV-B, UV-C, visible light and infrared radiation.
  • Examples of applications for high pressure discharge lamps can be found in the field of industrial and street lighting, in the illumination of shop displays, in stage lighting, in architecture and in beamers.
  • high pressure discharge lamps are used in photochemical processes, such as for paint curing or disinfection.
  • tanning lamps Another area of application is tanning lamps, which are used in particular in solariums.
  • the filling of high-pressure discharge lamps contains, on the one hand, a discharge gas (generally a metal halide, such as sodium iodide or scandium iodide), which constitutes the actual light-emitting material (light former), and, on the other hand, mercury, which serves primarily as a voltage gradient former and has essentially the function of Increase efficiency and burning voltage of the high pressure discharge lamp.
  • a discharge gas generally a metal halide, such as sodium iodide or scandium iodide
  • mercury which serves primarily as a voltage gradient former and has essentially the function of Increase efficiency and burning voltage of the high pressure discharge lamp.
  • High-pressure discharge lamps of the type described above have been widely used because of their good color properties.
  • the disadvantage is that they contain mercury.
  • Mercury-containing high-pressure discharge lamps must be disposed of in an orderly manner in order to isolate the mercury contained therein. Broken lamps also pose a danger that mercury will be released into the breathing air and may cause health problems.
  • leaking mercury under amalgam formation may attack aluminum, which may, for example, lead to structural weakening of aircraft fuselages and for this reason has led to severe transport constraints for mercury-containing materials.
  • Another disadvantage of mercury-containing tanning lamps is that they have a relatively high proportion of radiation in the UV-B range, which is carcinogenic effect.
  • a mercury-free metal halide discharge lamp uses xenon as a buffer gas and an ionizable filling containing at least sodium iodide and zinc.
  • xenon as a buffer gas
  • ionizable filling containing at least sodium iodide and zinc.
  • certain requirements are to be placed on the geometry of the discharge vessel and the electrodes used.
  • the electrode spacing EA and the inner diameter Di of the discharge vessel must satisfy the relation 1 ⁇ EA / Di ⁇ 4. This constitutes one Not inconsiderable limitation on the possible geometry of the discharge vessels used. In particular, not every long arc lamp meets these geometric requirements.
  • JP 09293482 A which discloses a metal vapor discharge lamp, are also made requirements on the geometric dimensions of the discharge vessel.
  • the emphasis in this publication is on good energy conversion efficiency in the range between 200 and 250 nm, that is, in the UV-C range.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp which is free of mercury.
  • the ionizable filling of the discharge vessel used consists of xenon with a cold filling pressure of 11,800 hPa, 0.25 mg of sodium iodide, 0.18 mg of scandium iodide, 0.03 mg of zinc iodide and 0.0024 mg of indium iodide.
  • the problem of comparatively higher lamp current occurs.
  • the electrodes which protrude into the discharge vessel are sealed by means of embedded molybdenum foils, and this molybdenum foil region connected to the electrode is exposed to a high thermal load during lamp operation.
  • the present invention is intended to overcome the disadvantages of the known prior art high pressure discharge lamps.
  • it is the object of the present invention to provide an alternative mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamp based on metal halide, especially in the UV-A range, a high intensity can be realized with a variety of lamp geometries and compared to mercury-containing lamps no or only slightly higher Lamp current needed.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention should achieve at least 63% of the intensity of a comparable mercury-containing lamp.
  • This value can be explained as follows: Typically, mercury-containing lamps are manufactured with batch spreads of 10% and are operated for economic reasons up to a further drop in intensity to 70%, so that replacement usually takes place at 63% of the initial nominal value.
  • the invention thus relates, in a first aspect, to a mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp having a light-transmitting and gas-tight discharge vessel and two electrodes which protrude into the discharge vessel and are arranged opposite one another in the discharge vessel.
  • the discharge vessel is filled with a lamp filling which comprises at least one noble gas, at least the elements iron and zinc and at least one halide, wherein the halide comprises bromide.
  • the proportion of the bromide is at least 14 mol% of the total amount of halogen.
  • the relationship is 0.005 ⁇ D / E ⁇ 0.200.
  • the discharge lamp according to the invention basically corresponds to the outer shape of the discharge lamps customary in the prior art, but differs from these in the composition of the lamp filling.
  • the invention is based on the finding that by special selection of the fillers on the one hand (with the compelling components noble gas, iron, zinc and halide, including necessarily bromide) and their quantitative vote on the other hand (proportion of bromide to the total amount of halide and zinc content) a mercury-free Lamp with high radiation power in the UV-A range can be obtained at the same time comparatively low power consumption, which can be realized with different piston shapes and sizes.
  • a discharge lamp whose irradiance is at least 63% of a comparable mercury-containing lamp is obtained substantially independently of its external shape.
  • the quotient D / E is in the range of 0.01 to 0.18.
  • An irradiance of 73% or more with respect to a comparable mercury-containing lamp can usually be realized when the ratio D / E is in the range of 0.025 to 0.165.
  • D / E is largely independent of the type of power supply to the electrodes and the ballast used. The reason for this is that field strength is a lamp characteristic that does not depend on power or power supply.
  • the zinc acts as a stress-increasing filling substance. It prevents a voltage drop between the electrodes and thus increases the residual voltage available for generating radiation.
  • the zinc is preferably filled in the form of zinc halide, in particular zinc bromide and / or zinc iodide.
  • Zinc is the less noble metal compared to the element iron that is also present in the lamp filling.
  • Metallic zinc could therefore react with iron halide to form zinc halide and metallic iron. This iron would deposit as a solid on the wall of the discharge vessel and thus on the one hand no longer be available as a radiation-active substance and on the other hand lead to a blackening of the bulb. Both would reduce the radiation yield.
  • the quantities according to the invention relate to a state of the lamp filling in which the components are virtually completely evaporated and converted into the gas phase.
  • at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, of the lamp filling are in the gaseous state.
  • the quantities refer to a completely transferred into the gas phase lamp filling.
  • the proportion of bromide in the lamp filling is also important for the invention.
  • the halogen can either consist entirely of bromide or of a mixture of halides. In the case of a halide mixture, preference is given in particular to iodide as further halide.
  • the halide is used in a conventional manner to ensure the halogen cycle, facilitates the evaporation of the metallic components of the lamp filling and counteracts a blackening of the lamp envelope.
  • the halide is usually introduced in bound form into the discharge space, ie in the form of a metal halide.
  • iron Another important component of the lamp filling of the discharge lamp according to the invention is iron.
  • This can be filled into the discharge space as metallic iron and / or in the form of an iron halide, in particular in the form of iron iodide.
  • the amount of iron is preferably between 0.1 and 2.5 ⁇ mol Fe / cm 3 of the internal volume of the discharge space, in particular at 0.25 to 2 ⁇ mol / cm 3 .
  • the addition of iron is a significant increase in spectrally integrated UV-A radiation in the wavelength range of 315 nm to 400 nm achieved. In this way, the 365 nm emission line of mercury in mercury-containing metal halide high-pressure lamps can be replaced.
  • the increase of the spectrally integrated UV-A radiation can be up to a factor of 2.5 compared to a structurally identical mercury-containing high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the noble gas may be any known noble gas. However, preference is given to using xenon and / or argon and in particular xenon alone.
  • the noble gas serves mainly to improve the starting characteristics of the discharge lamp.
  • the pressure of the inert gas is suitably in the range of a few hPa up to several hundred hPa, for example between 10 and 600 hPa, preferably between 50 hPa and 400 hPa.
  • the lamp filling may contain further constituents, in particular further metallic elements. These serve mainly to fill in the line spectrum to obtain the desired spectral distribution.
  • the lamp fill may include at least one of thallium, cobalt, tin, palladium, ruthenium, and silver. These metals are preferably added in the form of their halides, bromide and / or iodide are again preferred.
  • a preferred lamp fill contains, for example, zinc bromide, iron iodide and thallium iodide.
  • zinc iodide may also be added.
  • sodium halides and in particular sodium iodide are preferably dispensed with in order to avoid the undesired intense spectral lines of this metal.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention can be operated with any suitable ballasts, wherein the ballasts lead to different current and voltage entries for the same constant power input.
  • the desired radiation efficiency of the mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp can be achieved independently of the respective mode of operation of the lamp. This is explained by the fact that the radiation-determining filling fraction in the discharge vessel (at least metallic iron and / or at least one iron halide) remains the same in different modes of operation.
  • the mercury-free metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is preferably used in a device for generating ultraviolet radiation, in particular in the UV-A range.
  • the preferred use of the mercury-free metal halide high pressure discharge lamp is that in a photochemical process plant, for example for paint curing, disinfection and / or for tanning purposes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a first geometry. It comprises a cylindrical discharge vessel 1 into which a pair of electrodes with two electrodes 2a and 2b projects. The two electrodes 2a and 2b face each other with a distance d of 33 mm. The distance is measured from electrode tip to electrode tip. Between the electrodes, an arc is formed with a corresponding potential difference.
  • the inner diameter ID of the discharge vessel is 10.5 mm in the first geometry.
  • the internal volume IV of the discharge vessel is 3.1 cm 3 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a second geometry.
  • the electrode gap d is greatly increased. He is now 110 mm.
  • the inner diameter ID of the discharge vessel 1 was only slightly increased in contrast. It is 16.5 mm for the second geometry.
  • the internal volume IV is 24 cm 3 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a third geometry.
  • the electrode spacing d between the electrodes 2a and 2b is 30 mm.
  • the inner diameter ID of the discharge vessel is 21.5 mm, its inner volume IV at 9.5 cm 3 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a diagram showing the dependence of the integrated intensity of the bromide content of the halogens used according to a first series of experiments with a lamp geometry according to FIG. 1 represents.
  • an approximately linear relationship is found between the bromide content of the total amount of halogen and the integrated intensity in the wavelength range of interest between 315 nm and 400 nm. If a minimum efficiency of 63% is required, a minimum bromide content is obtained from the intersection of the degrees of equilibrium with the 63% mark to a bromide amount of at least 14 mol% of the total amount of halogen.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
EP09002659A 2008-03-11 2009-02-25 Lampe à décharge à haute tension à halogénures métalliques sans mercure Active EP2128888B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008013607A DE102008013607B3 (de) 2008-03-11 2008-03-11 Quecksilberfreie Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2128888A2 true EP2128888A2 (fr) 2009-12-02
EP2128888A3 EP2128888A3 (fr) 2010-06-30
EP2128888B1 EP2128888B1 (fr) 2011-06-22

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09002659A Active EP2128888B1 (fr) 2008-03-11 2009-02-25 Lampe à décharge à haute tension à halogénures métalliques sans mercure

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20090230867A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2128888B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5438996B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101050783B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008013607B3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102205136A (zh) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-05 海尔集团公司 宽频光波杀菌灯
EP2528083A3 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2013-03-20 Heraeus Noblelight GmbH Émetteur avec un composant métallique contenant du fer

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5347875B2 (ja) * 2009-09-29 2013-11-20 ウシオ電機株式会社 ロングアーク型放電ランプ
DE102009047861A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Hochdruckentladungslampe mit kapazitiver Zündhilfe
DE102009056753A1 (de) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Elektrische Hochdruckentladungslampe für kosmetische Hautbehandlung
JP4978738B1 (ja) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-18 岩崎電気株式会社 メタルハライドランプ
US8450932B2 (en) * 2011-05-09 2013-05-28 Fuqing Qian High pressure sodium lamp
JP2013206780A (ja) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Ushio Inc 高圧放電ランプ
JP5803954B2 (ja) * 2013-02-28 2015-11-04 ウシオ電機株式会社 ロングアーク型放電ランプ
JP5915975B2 (ja) * 2014-06-02 2016-05-11 ウシオ電機株式会社 無水銀放電ランプ
CN104498026B (zh) * 2014-12-17 2017-01-11 普罗斯电器（中国）有限公司 一种紫外线光源用金属卤化物及其制备方法
JP2020107522A (ja) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-09 東芝ライテック株式会社 メタルハライドランプおよび紫外線照射装置
CN109701048B (zh) * 2019-02-25 2023-09-15 江苏吉凯中科技有限公司 一种隔离、恒流驱动供电功能的深紫外线杀菌led灯

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JPH09293482A (ja) 1996-04-26 1997-11-11 Ushio Inc 金属蒸気放電ランプ
WO1999005699A1 (fr) 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe d'halogenure metallique sans mercure
WO2005112074A2 (fr) 2004-05-13 2005-11-24 Patent-Treuhand- Gesellschaft Für Elektrische Glühlampen Mbh Lampe a decharge haute pression

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US20060255741A1 (en) * 1997-06-06 2006-11-16 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corporation Lightening device for metal halide discharge lamp
JPH11238488A (ja) * 1997-06-06 1999-08-31 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp メタルハライド放電ランプ、メタルハライド放電ランプ点灯装置および照明装置
DE19907301A1 (de) * 1999-02-22 2000-08-24 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidlampe
JP2000285851A (ja) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-13 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 交流点灯用メタルハライド放電ランプおよび照明装置
US6498429B1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2002-12-24 General Electric Company Sodium-xenon lamp with improved characteristics at end-of-life
CN1333547A (zh) * 2000-07-14 2002-01-30 松下电器产业株式会社 无水银金属卤化物灯
JP2002324518A (ja) * 2001-04-26 2002-11-08 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp メタルハライドランプ、メタルハライドランプ点灯装置、及び自動車用前照灯装置
JP2006244735A (ja) * 2005-02-28 2006-09-14 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 高圧放電ランプおよび光学機器
JP2007115652A (ja) * 2005-09-22 2007-05-10 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置
CN1963988A (zh) * 2005-11-07 2007-05-16 东芝照明技术株式会社 高压放电灯以及照明装置
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JP2007213977A (ja) 2006-02-09 2007-08-23 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp 高圧放電灯、画像投影装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09293482A (ja) 1996-04-26 1997-11-11 Ushio Inc 金属蒸気放電ランプ
WO1999005699A1 (fr) 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe d'halogenure metallique sans mercure
WO2005112074A2 (fr) 2004-05-13 2005-11-24 Patent-Treuhand- Gesellschaft Für Elektrische Glühlampen Mbh Lampe a decharge haute pression

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102205136A (zh) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-05 海尔集团公司 宽频光波杀菌灯
CN102205136B (zh) * 2010-03-31 2014-02-05 海尔集团公司 宽频光波杀菌灯
EP2528083A3 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2013-03-20 Heraeus Noblelight GmbH Émetteur avec un composant métallique contenant du fer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009218212A (ja) 2009-09-24
US20090230867A1 (en) 2009-09-17
KR101050783B1 (ko) 2011-07-21
JP5438996B2 (ja) 2014-03-12
EP2128888B1 (fr) 2011-06-22
EP2128888A3 (fr) 2010-06-30
DE102008013607B3 (de) 2010-02-04
KR20090097813A (ko) 2009-09-16

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