EP2148252B1 - Interrupteur horaire doté d'un moyen de calcul des points de temps de commutation par rapport à la position du soleil - Google Patents

Interrupteur horaire doté d'un moyen de calcul des points de temps de commutation par rapport à la position du soleil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2148252B1
EP2148252B1 EP09008492A EP09008492A EP2148252B1 EP 2148252 B1 EP2148252 B1 EP 2148252B1 EP 09008492 A EP09008492 A EP 09008492A EP 09008492 A EP09008492 A EP 09008492A EP 2148252 B1 EP2148252 B1 EP 2148252B1
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Prior art keywords
switching
timer
angle
input
sun
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Not-in-force
Application number
EP09008492A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2148252A2 (fr
EP2148252A3 (fr
EP2148252B8 (fr
Inventor
Erwin Mauz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Legrand GmbH
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Legrand Bticino GmbH
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Publication of EP2148252B1 publication Critical patent/EP2148252B1/fr
Publication of EP2148252B8 publication Critical patent/EP2148252B8/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G15/00—Time-pieces comprising means to be operated at preselected times or after preselected time intervals
    • G04G15/006—Time-pieces comprising means to be operated at preselected times or after preselected time intervals for operating at a number of different times

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a programmable timer with at least one switchable output for connecting at least one electrical load to be switched by the timer to be programmed switching times or off, and a means for calculating at least one of the switching times depending on the position of the sun and a user input. By means of an actuating means of the timer, the output is switched to the calculated switching time.
  • Programmable, electronic timers are known from the prior art, which set based on astronomical algorithms switching times for switching an electrical load by means of an electrical relay.
  • the astronomical algorithms can calculate the time of sunrise or sunset for a specific location on Earth and for a particular date. Based on this calculated time, the switching times can be set.
  • the switching times can be set.
  • the switching times are set with an offset (switching time offset) of an arbitrarily determinable time interval.
  • Such timers are also referred to as Astroschaltuhren.
  • Astroschaltuhren are mainly used to control lighting systems, blinds or the like.
  • the time of a certain position of the sun can be calculated by means of the astro timer.
  • the times of sunrise and sunset of the sun are calculated. At these times, however, it is already or still so bright that lighting systems already have to be switched off or not already switched on or blinds have already pulled up or not yet lowered.
  • energy consumption is concerned, apart from a few exceptional cases, it is generally not advisable to switch on a lighting system at the time of sunset and switch off the system at the time of sunrise. Therefore, in the known Astroschaltuhren by the user a switching time offset can be entered. This shift time offset is subtracted or added from or at the calculated time of the sunrise or sunset, whereby the switching time is calculated at which the output of the timer is turned on or off. The offset shifts the switching time and thus causes an adaptation to the dusk before dawn and after sunset still sufficient illuminance.
  • Such Astroschaltuhr is for example from the publication with the publication number DE 30 19 279 A1 known.
  • a user can set the switching times by entering a fixed reference to the state of the sun, z. B. 15 Define minutes after sunset to achieve an individual adaptation to the dusk.
  • astro-clocks compared to twilight switches, however, is that the actual lighting situation is not sufficiently considered.
  • the input of the switching time offset achieves an adaptation to the actual illuminance in the environment, it does not take into account that twilight on different days of the year has a different length. As a result, for example, 30 minutes before sunrise, different levels of illumination are achieved in the course of the year in cloudless skies and unclouded atmospheres. If one compares the daily duty cycle of a twilight switch and an astro timer with switching time offset in the course of a year, for example, in cloudless skies and unclouded atmospheres, then one will notice that higher switch-on durations are achieved with the astro timer.
  • the time switch has means for inputting at least one switching angle, wherein the switching angle is the elevation angle of the sun with respect to the astronomical horizon, when reached the switching time is to be reached.
  • the calculation means is suitable and arranged to calculate, for the given switching angle, the switching time on each day during the year.
  • the switching angle is a threshold value at which the time switch is to switch due to the elevation angle of the sun.
  • the elevation angle of the sun is not compared directly with the switching angle. Rather, by means of the calculation means it is calculated at which times on each day the elevation angle exceeds the threshold, ie reaches the switching angle. These times are the switching times at which the timer switches the output. In the timer, the current time is compared with the calculated switching times. Corresponds to the current one Time one of the switching times is switched by the adjusting means of the timer the output.
  • the output can be switched on or off according to the user's specification. If a lighting system is connected to the time switch as an electrical load, the lighting system is switched on at sunset when reaching the switching angle while it is turned off at sunrise when reaching the switching angle.
  • the elevation angle of the sun is zero degrees as soon as the center of the sun is at the height of the astronomical horizon.
  • a timer according to the invention is preferably suitable for installation in a distributor of a domestic installation and set up.
  • the power supply of the timer can then be done via a supply network.
  • the voltage of the supply network can be converted into a power supply of the time switch. It is also possible that alternatively or additionally provide internal or external energy storage, the timer with electrical energy.
  • the calculating means of a timer may be a microprocessor in which a timer control program is loaded.
  • the timepiece control program may be suitable and arranged to execute an astronomical algorithm for calculating the daily times of sunrise and sunset. The program can then also be used to calculate the time switching points that depend on sunrise and sunset.
  • sunrise and sunset are defined below as those times when the Sunbeam has reached an angular position of 50 arc minutes or 0.83 degrees below the astronomical horizon in the morning or evening.
  • the input means of a timepiece according to the invention for inputting the geographical coordinates of the operating location at the time switch can be suitable and arranged.
  • the input means it is possible, in particular, for the input means to be suitable and set up for input of the geographical length and / or width.
  • the time, the date, the time zone and / or the height of the job site can be entered.
  • the calculating means of a time switch according to the invention can be suitable and set up for calculating the switching time as a function of the entered geographical length, width and / or height of the place of use.
  • the switching angle can be entered by the user by means of the input means of a timer according to the invention in various ways or changed at any time.
  • the input means may be suitable and arranged, for example, for an indirect and / or an immediate input of the switching angle.
  • the switching angle is input directly, it is preferably entered as an angle variable with a resolution of 0.1 °.
  • a substitute size is entered by means of the input means, which within the Timer is related to a predefined switching angle. That is, each of these substitute sizes is assigned a specific switching angle.
  • the calculation means of a timer according to the invention may be suitable and configured to calculate the switching time as a function of the substitute size.
  • the replacement size can be a percentage.
  • the percentage value may refer to a period of time, for example the duration of civil twilight, or to a reference angle, for example the angle between the elevation angle of the sun at the beginning and at the end of civil twilight.
  • the substitute size can also be entered as the illuminance value in lux unit
  • the purpose of entering the substitute size as a percentage or illuminance value is to save the user from having to enter the switching angle. Under the immediate input of the switching angle relative to the elevation angle of the sun of, for example, 0 °, a user can sometimes imagine little. On the other hand, a user may be more likely to imagine something below the value of illuminance or percentage related to a time period after or before sunset, for example, in relation to the duration of civil twilight. It should be made clear at this point that the value of illuminance that is input need not be an exact value at the calculated switching instant. Rather, it is a mean illuminance value that an average user would subjectively associate with a corresponding twilight phase.
  • Each percentage value and each average value of the illuminance is assigned a switching angle. This can be done via a stored in a memory of the timer allocation table. As well it is possible that a switching angle is calculated for each percentage value and each average value of the illuminance.
  • Particularly user-friendly is a timer according to the invention, if you can choose between the direct input of the switching angle and an input of the substitute size and between the different ways to enter the substitute size.
  • the calculation means may be suitable and arranged, the annual total duty cycle of a consumer connected to the output of the timer for the input switching angle or for the switching angle calculated from the entered substitute size.
  • a user can thereby form an idea of the energy consumption with different choice of the switching angle or the corresponding substitute size.
  • the calculation means may also be suitable and configured to calculate the current elevation angle of the sun.
  • a signal may be applied, which indicates the current, calculated elevation angle of the sun.
  • This signal indicating the elevation angle of the sun can be used, for example, to control the power of the electrical consumers according to the elevation angle.
  • it may be possible, for example, to increase or decrease the power of a lighting system as a function of the elevation angle.
  • a lighting system is switched on at times during twilight already with low power and the performance of the lighting system - in the case of the evening twilight - is increased gradually or continuously until the end of twilight or beyond the end of twilight.
  • the actuating means of a timer may be a monostable or bistable relay.
  • the relay switches as soon as the calculated switching times match the current time.
  • the timer may have multiple relays that can be independently controlled.
  • a time switch according to the invention it is possible for a time switch according to the invention to have a receiver with which signals of a time signal transmitter can be received. It is likewise possible for a time switch according to the invention to have a receiver for signals of a navigation system, in particular of a satellite-supported navigation system.
  • the in the twilight time-time diagram in FIG. 1 The graph shows the twilight duration in minutes for the location on a latitude of 52 ° North as a function of the day of the year shown on the abscissa.
  • the maximum seasonal variation of twilight duration for a location on the 52nd northern parallel is 15.4 min.
  • the longest twilight period is reached at the time of the summer solstice.
  • the shortest twilight period is reached a few days before the beginning of spring and a few days after the beginning of autumn.
  • the in the twilight time-time diagram according to FIG. 2 The graph shows the twilight duration in minutes with a latitude of 60 ° north as a function of the days of the year.
  • the maximum seasonal fluctuation of the twilight duration for a location on the 60th northern parallel is 65.7 min.
  • the solid curve in the diagram after FIG. 3 shows the course of the duty cycle for a conventional Astroschaltuhr during the year. It is assumed that in the evening the electrical load is turned on and off in the morning the electrical load, as is typically the case with lighting systems. Time offset was 33.6 minutes after sunset and 33.6 minutes before sunrise. The timer switches with this offset at 52 ° north latitude only on two days in the year, namely just before the beginning of spring and shortly after the beginning of the fall at the very end of the nig Dawn on and in the morning just at the beginning of the civil twilight. On all other days of the year, the switching takes place in the evening earlier, ie before the end of tribu twilight and in the morning later, ie after the onset of irrespective twilight.
  • the in the diagram according to FIG. 3 dashed curve shows the course of the duty cycle for a timer according to the invention with a switching angle of 6 ° below the horizon for a location on the latitude 52 ° latitude north.
  • the switching angle of 6 ° below the horizon switches the switch according to the invention for any location worldwide, including the latitude of 52 ° north all year round at night exactly at the end of stance twilight and in the morning just at the beginning of irrespective twilight. This reduces the annual total duty cycle compared to a conventional astro timer.
  • the reduction of the total annual duty cycle depends on the latitude. This is in particular from the diagram according to FIG. 4 seen. For the from the diagram according to the FIG. 4 apparent comparison, in turn, the settings were chosen so that during the year in the evening exactly or at the latest at the end of reciwilight and in the morning is switched exactly or at the earliest at the beginning of civil twilight.
  • the solid curve in the diagram according to FIG. 4 again shows the course of the turn-on in a conventional Astroschaltuhr with a switching time offset, with a switching time offset of 41.46 minutes is selected, ie that turned on 41.46 minutes after sunset and turned off 41.46 minutes before sunrise.
  • the switching times coincide when using the conventional Astroschaltuhr with this time offset for a location with a latitude of 60 ° north only on two days with the actual beginning in the morning or the actual end evening of civil twilight. These are again the days with the shortest dusk shortly before the beginning of spring and shortly after the beginning of autumn.
  • the dashed curve in the diagram according to the FIG. 4 shows the course of the duty cycle for a timer according to the invention.
  • a switching angle as in the example of FIG. 3 , a switching angle of 6 ° below the horizon is selected.
  • the timer switches with this setting for each location worldwide, including a location on the 60th parallel all year round in the evening at the end of stance twilight and in the morning just at the beginning of irrespective twilight.
  • a possible reduction in the total annual operating time of 178.9 h results, which corresponds to an energy saving of 4.7 percent when using a timer according to the invention.
  • the relative energy savings can be significantly increased if the consumer in addition at night completely or partially to a switched off at certain time, and only be switched on again in the morning at a certain time.
  • a timer according to the invention can be configured so that switched on with a switching angle with respect to the sunrise and off with a switching angle with respect to the sunset.
  • the time switch according to the invention can initially optionally offer the possibility of entering the switching angle, such as a conventional time switch to be able to enter the switching time offset.
  • the user can choose between the input of the switching time offset and the possibility of entering the switching angle.
  • the savings potential by the timer according to the invention would then remain unused when selecting the input of the switching time offset.
  • the further embodiment of the switch according to the invention provides further input options, these being attributed to the switching angle.
  • these being attributed to the switching angle.
  • the angular positions of the sun between sunset and the end of a twilight in the evening and the angular positions between the beginning of reci twilight in the morning and sunrise can be mapped on a percentage scale in the range of zero percent to one hundred percent.
  • Zero percent means a switching angle of 0.83 below the horizon, and that the circuit is always exactly at the time of sunrise or sunset.
  • One hundred percent means a switching angle of 6 ° below the horizon, so that the switching times fall on the end of the evening or at the beginning of the morning civil twilight.
  • the 100 percent value was set to an elevation angle of 6 degrees below horizon.
  • the entry of the percentage value is preferably carried out in one-percent increments.
  • the indirect input of the switching angle as angle-proportional average illuminance is another way to make the input of the switching angle for a user more vivid.
  • the input of the average illuminance by the user is preferably in the range of 300 lux to 100 lux in Steps of ten lux, in the range of 99 lux to 10 lux in increments of 1 lux, and in the range of 9.9 to 1 lux in increments of 0.1 lux.
  • an astro timer Preferably, in an astro timer according to the invention, various arbitrary input possibilities are combined with one another, so that the user can select a possibility that is comfortable for him.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Minuterie programmable comprenant au moins une sortie commutable pour raccorder au moins une charge électrique, laquelle doit être mise en circuit ou hors circuit à des instants de commutation au moyen de la minuterie, et comprenant des moyens pour calculer au moins l'un des instants de commutation en fonction de la position du soleil et d'une saisie de l'utilisateur, la minuterie présentant un actionneur qui est apte et conçu pour commuter la sortie à l'instant de commutation calculé,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la minuterie présente des moyens pour saisir au moins un angle de commutation, l'angle de commutation étant l'angle d'élévation du soleil auquel, lorsqu'il est atteint, doit être atteint l'instant de commutation et en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer l'instant de commutation pour l'angle de commutation de chaque jour pendant un an.
  2. Minuterie selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de saisie sont aptes et conçus pour saisir la longitude et/ou la latitude géographique.
  3. Minuterie selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer l'instant de commutation en fonction de la longitude et de la latitude géographique saisies et/ou de l'altitude du lieu d'utilisation.
  4. Minuterie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de saisie sont aptes et conçus pour la saisie directe de l'angle de commutation.
  5. Minuterie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de saisie sont aptes et conçus pour la saisie indirecte de l'angle de commutation, c'est-à-dire pour la saisie d'une grandeur de substitution, les moyens de calcul étant aptes et conçus pour calculer l'instant de commutation en fonction de la grandeur de substitution et d'un angle de référence.
  6. Minuterie selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la grandeur de substitution est un pourcentage.
  7. Minuterie selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que la grandeur de substitution est une valeur moyenne de l'intensité d'éclairage.
  8. Minuterie selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que le pourcentage et/ou la valeur moyenne de l'intensité d'éclairage sont associés à un angle de commutation.
  9. Minuterie selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce qu'un angle de commutation peut être calculé à partir du pourcentage et/ou de la valeur moyenne de l'intensité d'éclairage.
  10. Minuterie selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer l'angle de commutation (sw) de la manière suivante à partir du pourcentage (p) : sw = w auf / unter + w max - w auf / unter * p / 100
    Figure imgb0007
    Wauf/unter désignant l'angle d'élévation du soleil sous l'horizon à la fois lors du lever et du coucher du soleil et Wmax l'angle d'élévation maximum du soleil sous l'horizon auquel, lorsqu'il est atteint, doit avoir lieu la commutation au plus tard le soir et au plus tôt le matin.
  11. Minuterie selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer l'angle de commutation (sw) de la manière suivante à partir de la valeur moyenne de l'intensité d'éclairage (Em) : sw = - In E m / 550
    Figure imgb0008
  12. Minuterie selon l'une des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la minuterie est apte et conçue pour qu'il soit possible de choisir entre la saisie directe de l'angle de commutation et une saisie d'une grandeur de substitution et/ou la saisie d'un décalage dans le temps de la commutation.
  13. Minuterie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer la durée de mise en circuit totale annuelle.
  14. Minuterie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de calcul sont aptes et conçus pour calculer l'angle d'élévation actuel du soleil.
  15. Minuterie selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que la minuterie présente une interface sur laquelle se trouve un signal qui indique l'angle d'élévation actuel du soleil.
EP09008492A 2008-07-23 2009-06-30 Interrupteur horaire doté d'un moyen de calcul des points de temps de commutation par rapport à la position du soleil Not-in-force EP2148252B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008034398A DE102008034398A1 (de) 2008-07-23 2008-07-23 Schaltuhr mit einem Mittel zur Berechnung von Schaltzeitpunkten in Abhängigkeit vom Stand der Sonne

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2148252A2 EP2148252A2 (fr) 2010-01-27
EP2148252A3 EP2148252A3 (fr) 2010-12-08
EP2148252B1 true EP2148252B1 (fr) 2011-10-12
EP2148252B8 EP2148252B8 (fr) 2012-02-29

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EP09008492A Not-in-force EP2148252B8 (fr) 2008-07-23 2009-06-30 Interrupteur horaire doté d'un moyen de calcul des points de temps de commutation par rapport à la position du soleil

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EP (1) EP2148252B8 (fr)
AT (1) ATE528700T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008034398A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2375535T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016002016U1 (de) * 2016-03-26 2016-05-10 Erwin Mauz Astronomischer Zeitschalter

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3019279A1 (de) 1980-05-21 1981-11-26 Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. 6101 Groß-Bieberau Hilberg Sonnenzeit-schaltuhr
DE3039644A1 (de) * 1980-10-21 1982-05-27 Justin Hüppe GmbH, 2900 Oldenburg Schaltung zur steuerung des neigungswinkels der lamellen einer lamellenjalousie
DE4008940A1 (de) * 1990-03-20 1991-09-26 Elero Antrieb Sonnenschutz Elektronische rolladensteuerung
ES2141449T3 (es) 1995-09-08 2000-03-16 Schlumberger Ind Ltd Interruptores de tiempo electronicos.
DE19633159A1 (de) * 1996-08-17 1998-02-19 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Terminieren technischer Vorgänge und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102004042200B4 (de) * 2004-09-01 2007-04-19 Legrand-Bticino Gmbh Astronomische Schaltuhr mit automatischer Parametrierung

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EP2148252A2 (fr) 2010-01-27
ATE528700T1 (de) 2011-10-15
EP2148252A3 (fr) 2010-12-08
DE102008034398A1 (de) 2010-01-28
EP2148252B8 (fr) 2012-02-29
ES2375535T3 (es) 2012-03-01

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