EP2148343B1 - Schalter mit gesicherter Steuerung durch Gültigkeitsprüfung - Google Patents

Schalter mit gesicherter Steuerung durch Gültigkeitsprüfung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2148343B1
EP2148343B1 EP09166182.7A EP09166182A EP2148343B1 EP 2148343 B1 EP2148343 B1 EP 2148343B1 EP 09166182 A EP09166182 A EP 09166182A EP 2148343 B1 EP2148343 B1 EP 2148343B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
actuator
module
transmission member
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09166182.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2148343A1 (de
Inventor
Joël GAUZIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apem
Original Assignee
Apem
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2148343A1 publication Critical patent/EP2148343A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2148343B1 publication Critical patent/EP2148343B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/506—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member with a make-break action in a single operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/028—Application dead man switch, i.e. power being interrupted by panic reaction of operator, e.g. further pressing down push button

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a contact module and a validation control switch comprising said contact module.
  • the operator uses a control switch in which the machine does not work. only when a pusher is held down.
  • validation control Such a device is called "validation control”.
  • Intervention can be dangerous when the operator is near a moving machine while the protective devices are disabled.
  • control switch must therefore allow that, in a panic situation in which the operator would release his pressure on the pusher, the machine stops.
  • EP 1 387 373 and EP 1 321 952 describe such devices.
  • the general principle of these devices is to provide a pusher consists of two parts indexed relative to each other by two slides arranged so as to slide in a direction perpendicular to the direction of actuation against the solicitation of two springs.
  • Said slides have a slope cooperating with a corresponding slope of one of the parts of the pusher, so as to cause, when a pressure exceeding a predetermined pressure is applied to the pusher, a displacement of the sliders leading to the retraction of the pusher.
  • the sliders are generally made of a plastic material and, especially if said slope has an angle greater than 45 °, are likely to b-bouter lead to a deterioration of the function.
  • this device must possibly be able to be associated with additional safety devices in order to increase the security of the control.
  • the indexing system of the contact carrier comprises two balls connected by an elastic means substantially perpendicular to the direction of actuation.
  • the inner profile of the housing of the actuating element has a bell-shaped lower portion widening from a narrower upper portion, said portions being connected by a shoulder, so that at rest the balls of the indexing system are housed in said shoulder and when excessive pressure is exerted on the actuating element while the contact holder is in abutment with the body, said elastic means contracts, allowing to the contact carrier to slide in the upper portion of said housing.
  • a validation control switch comprising a housing and a key movable in translation on the housing in said direction of actuation, said switch comprising at least one module of contact as described above, arranged in the housing and cooperating with the key so that pressing the key drives the translation member in translation in its actuating direction.
  • the switch advantageously comprises a second contact module identical to the first and arranged in the housing adjacent thereto, which makes it possible to secure the control.
  • a stabilizer bar is preferably arranged under the key so as to ensure a movement parallel to the direction of actuation.
  • the secure enable control switch includes a three-position contact module that meets the requirements of the standard.
  • the three-position contact module will be described in detail below. It mainly comprises a body equipped with two fixed contacts connected to relays for starting the machine.
  • a transmission member movable in translation in the actuating direction of the module, supporting a movable contact.
  • the transmission member has the particularity of being composed of two parts whose connection mode will be described in detail below, which makes it able to contract when excessive pressure is exerted.
  • the transmission member has an axial dimension (that is to say in the direction of actuation) variable.
  • the contact module comprises an elastic means capable of acting on the movable contact to separate it from the fixed contacts when the transmission member is in its contracted state.
  • the transmission member is actuated by means of a push button, which makes it possible to establish the electrical contact by bringing the movable contact into contact with the two fixed contacts.
  • the contact module at rest ("position 1"), is in the open state.
  • the contact is open, the machine is stopped.
  • the transmission member is in its free state, uncontracted, that is to say having a maximum axial dimension.
  • the module When the pusher is exerted on a moderate pressure (arrow P1), the module is in the closed state ("position 2") as long as this pressure is maintained. The contact being closed, the machine is in operation.
  • the validation control switch comprises two identical three-position contact modules placed side by side in a housing.
  • the switch which has just been described incorporates an emergency stop module.
  • the enable control switch may comprise a single three-position contact module associated with an emergency stop module, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the Figures 2 to 5 illustrate the different positions that can adopt the switch according to the effort exerted by the operator.
  • the illustrated switch comprises two identical contact modules located on either side of an emergency stop module.
  • the three-position contact module comprises a body 7, equipped with two electrical contacts, for example lugs 14.
  • the body 7 is housed in the housing 1 of a switch, intended to be mounted for example on a remote control of a machine.
  • the lugs 14 are connected for example to relays (not shown) which, when an electrical contact is established between the lugs, to start the machine.
  • a key 2 movable in translation in the housing 1 allows to actuate the device.
  • a retractable transmission member comprising an actuating element 3 and a contact carrier 5 equipped with a movable contact 15, a tip 8 and a spring 11 is movable in translation. in the direction X of actuation.
  • the actuating element 3 is movable in translation inside the body 7 against two lateral elastic means such as springs 13 housed in the body 7.
  • the actuating element 3 has substantially a bell-shaped shape, and defines an inner housing 30 whose profile has a substantially parallelepipedal upper portion and a lower portion which flares downwardly.
  • This profile gives the interior of the housing 30 a cam function along which two balls 16, between which is interposed an elastic means such as a spring 17, can move.
  • the spring 17 keeps the balls 16 in abutment against the rounded shoulder 31.
  • the assembly consisting of the balls 16 and the spring 17 is an indexing system of the contact carrier 5 relative to the actuating element 3, which allows the transmission member to contract.
  • the contact carrier 5 is pierced with a bore perpendicular to the direction of actuation, in which are arranged the two balls 16 and the spring 17.
  • the assembly consisting of the contact carrier 5, the tip 8, the movable contact 15 and the spring 11 is thus housed inside the actuating element 3 and held therein by means of the control system.
  • indexing 16, 17 which, at rest and as long as the pressure exerted on the actuating element 3 is lower than a determined pressure, is in abutment in the shoulder 31.
  • the tip 8 of substantially cylindrical shape, is rigidly connected, in its upper part, to the contact holder 5.
  • the movable contact 15 is movable in translation along the upper part of the nozzle 8, against an elastic means such as a spring 11 called "over-stroke".
  • the spring 11 is mounted in a housing of the contact carrier 5.
  • the spring 11 keeps the movable contact 15 in abutment against a stop 80 located substantially in the middle of the tip 8 (better visible on the figure 5 ).
  • the central spring 12 holds the contact carrier 5 in abutment against the housing 1.
  • the transmission member then behaves as a rigid assembly.
  • the key 2 continues to move and the over-stroke spring 11 compresses until the end piece 8 comes into abutment against the body 7 at the bottom of the central spring housing 12.
  • the figure 4 illustrates the situation where the operator exerts a pressure higher than the expected normal pressure. This corresponds, for example, to the case where, in a situation of danger, the operator twists on the pusher.
  • the key 2 exerts a pressure on the actuating element 3.
  • the tip 8 of the contact carrier 5 being in abutment against the body 7, the contact carrier can not translate more.
  • the balls 16 are not subject to the bracing or shearing phenomena encountered in the prior art.
  • the balls are preferably made of stainless steel, which gives them great strength.
  • the transmission member is then in its contracted state.
  • the force of the actuating element 3 exerted on the contact carrier 5 through these balls has no vertical component.
  • connection between the actuating element 3 and the contact carrier 5 then becomes a sliding connection.
  • the key 2 can continue its travel until it reaches the stop on the housing 1, without driving the contact carrier 5.
  • the contact between the lugs 14 remains open without going through a closed state.
  • the actuating element 3, sliding relative to the contact carrier 5, allows the balls 16 to resume their initial position down the housing 30 to the rounded shoulder 31 and thus "rearm" the system indexing the contact carrier 5.
  • the transmission member then resumes its initial position, uncontracted.
  • the emergency stop module comprises a body 9 housed in the housing 1.
  • the body 9 is equipped with four fixed contacts, such as lugs 10 connected to relays which, when an electrical contact is ensured between the lugs, allows the start of the machine.
  • a push guide 20 is integral with the body 9 and allows the translational guidance of two pushers 21, each of the pushers being equipped with a movable contact 18.
  • Each pusher 21 is held in abutment against the housing 1 by means of a push spring 22.
  • Two contact springs 19 are housed in the lower part of the body 9 so that each exerts a force on the corresponding movable contact 18 and holds it in abutment against two lugs 10, thus ensuring the electrical connection between these two lugs.
  • This clearance is determined so that, when the operator exerts a normal pressure to control the start-up of the machine, he does not exert any action on the emergency stop module and that the electrical contacts between the pods 10 remain assured.
  • the emergency stop module thus makes it possible to secure the cut-off of the electrical contact when the key is depressed in a situation of tension.
  • the switch then returned to the home position ("position 1") illustrated in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the key 2 is guided during its movement by the housing 1 and maintained parallel through a stabilizing bar 6, which ensures simultaneous opening or closing of the contacts by a parallel movement to the direction of actuation.
  • the forces and compression strokes of the elastic means employed in the contact module and the emergency stop module are dimensioned by those skilled in the art so as to obtain the desired characteristics for the switch (normal operating pressure, normal operating stroke, pressure considered excessive ).
  • Validation control switch can be used in the field of cranes, forklift trucks and other handling systems, in driving machinery such as tractors, trains or trams, plows, jet-skis, cable cars, dangerous tools (mowers, mowers), but also for robot programming of machine tools or automated equipment.
  • the switch can advantageously be incorporated in a remote control, the handle of a joystick or a pedal.
  • this key can itself be actuated by any type of actuator, such as a key, a lever, a rocker, a trigger, a pedal ...
  • actuator such as a key, a lever, a rocker, a trigger, a pedal ...
  • the invention is therefore applicable to any type of switch.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Kontaktmodul, eingerichtet zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontakts zwischen zwei Festkontakten (14) mittels eines beweglichen Kontakts (15) bei Ausübung von Druck auf eine Übertragungseinrichtung in einer Betätigungsrichtung (X), aufweisend:
    - einen die beiden Festkontakte (14) tragenden Körper (7),
    - eine Übertragungseinrichtung (3, 5), welche den beweglichen Kontakt (15) trägt und in dem Körper (7) in der Betätigungsrichtung (X) gleitet,
    wobei:
    - die Übertragungseinrichtung aus zwei Teilen (3, 5) verwirklicht und eingerichtet ist, sich in der Bewegungsrichtung (X) zusammenzuziehen, wenn ein übermäßiger Druck auf die Einrichtung nach Herstellung des elektrischen Kontakts ausgeübt wird,
    - der bewegliche Kontakt (15) eingerichtet ist, sich von mindestens einem Festkontakt (14) unter der Wirkung eines elastischen Mittels (12) zu trennen, wenn die Übertragungseinrichtung (3, 5) in ihrem zusammengezogenen Zustand ist,
    - die Übertragungseinrichtung aufweist:
    • ein Betätigungselement (3), welches in dem Körper (7) in der Betätigungsrichtung (X) gegen die Belastung durch wenigstens ein elastisches Mittel (13) gleitet,
    • einen Kontaktträger (5), welcher den beweglichen Kontakt (15) trägt und in der Richtung (X) in einer Aufnahme (30) des Betätigungselements (3) mittels eines Indixierungssystems (16, 17) gleitend angebracht ist, welches unter der Wirkung eines übermäßigen Drucks, der auf das Betätigungselement (3) ausgeübt wird, wenn der Kontaktträger (5) am Körper (7) in Anschlag ist, in der Aufnahme (30) zurückziehbar ist,
    wobei der bewegliche Kontakt (15) eingerichtet ist, in der Richtung (X) auf dem Kontaktträger (5) gegen die Belastung durch ein elastisches Mittel (11) zu gleiten,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Indixierungssystem des Kontaktträgers (5) zwei Kugeln (16) aufweist, die durch ein elastisches Mittel (17), das im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Betätigungsrichtung (X) ist, verbunden sind.
  2. Modul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Innenprofil der Aufnahme (30) des Betätigungselements (3) einen unteren Abschnitt aufweist, der sich ausgehend von einem engeren oberen Abschnitt glockenförmig erweitert, wobei die Teile durch eine Schulter (31) verbunden sind, derart, dass in Ruhe die Kugeln (16) des Indixierungssystems in der Schulter (31) aufgenommen sind und dass bei Ausübung eines übermäßigen Drucks auf das Betätigungselement (3), während der Kontaktträger (5) am Körper (7) in Anlage ist, die elastischen Mittel (17) sich zusammenziehen und es dem Kontaktträger (5) ermöglichen, in dem oberen Abschnitt der Aufnahme (30) zu gleiten.
  3. Schalter mit Freigabesteuerung, welche ein Gehäuse (1) und eine Taste (2), die in Translation auf dem Gehäuse in der Betätigungsrichtung (X) beweglich ist, aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er wenigstens ein Kontaktmodul gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2 aufweist, welches in dem Gehäuse (1) angeordnet ist und mit der Taste (2) so zusammenwirkt, dass Druck auf die Taste (2) die Übertragungseinrichtung (3, 5) in ihrer Betätigungsrichtung (X) mitnimmt.
  4. Schalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein zweites, mit dem ersten identisches Kontaktmodul aufweist, das in dem Gehäuse (1) angrenzend an dieses angeordnet ist.
  5. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner ein Notausschaltmodul aufweist, dass in dem Gehäuse (1) angrenzend an das Kontaktmodul/die Kontaktmodule angeordnet ist, wobei das Notausschaltmodul aufweist:
    - einen Körper (9), welcher wenigstens zwei Festkontakte (10) trägt,
    - eine Stößelführung (20),
    - wenigstens einen Stößel (21), der in der Führung (20) in Betätigungsrichtung (X) gegen wenigstens ein in dem Körper (9) aufgenommenes elastisches Mittel (19) gleitet und einen beweglichen Kontakt (18) trägt,
    und dass in Ruhe der bewegliche Kontakt (18) mit den Festkontakten (10) in Berührung ist und dass zwischen der Taste (2) und dem Stößel (21) ein Spiel besteht, derart, dass ein Aufbringen eines mäßigen Druckes auf die Taste (2) den Stößel (21) nicht in Translation mitnimmt.
  6. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Stabilisierungsstange (6) unter der Taste (2) angeordnet ist, derart, dass eine zur Betätigungsrichtung (X) parallele Verschiebung gewährleistet ist.
EP09166182.7A 2008-07-23 2009-07-23 Schalter mit gesicherter Steuerung durch Gültigkeitsprüfung Not-in-force EP2148343B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0855019A FR2934415B1 (fr) 2008-07-23 2008-07-23 Interrupteur a commande de validation securise

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2148343A1 EP2148343A1 (de) 2010-01-27
EP2148343B1 true EP2148343B1 (de) 2014-07-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09166182.7A Not-in-force EP2148343B1 (de) 2008-07-23 2009-07-23 Schalter mit gesicherter Steuerung durch Gültigkeitsprüfung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100025208A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2148343B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101635214B (de)
FR (1) FR2934415B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9241441B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-01-26 Husqvarna Ab Robotic lawnmower
CN107753236A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-03-06 广东银狐医疗科技股份有限公司 一种牙科椅用的水电气总开关
DE102019101267A1 (de) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Tastschalter-Anordnung mit Kennzeichnung von Schaltzuständen
CN117769752A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2024-03-26 Idec株式会社 使能开关
CN115603070B (zh) * 2022-10-11 2026-01-13 云南电网有限责任公司文山供电分公司 一种电能计量接线盒

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5345050A (en) * 1993-06-01 1994-09-06 Caterpillar Inc. Switch actuating assembly
DE69830757T2 (de) * 1997-04-28 2006-05-04 Idec Izumi Corp. Tastschalter, Vorrichtung zum Betrieb und Tastatur mit diesem Schalter
JP3677199B2 (ja) * 2000-07-31 2005-07-27 和泉電気株式会社 押しボタンスイッチ及びこれを備えた教示ペンダント
JP3566639B2 (ja) * 2000-09-06 2004-09-15 和泉電気株式会社 教示ペンダントのイネーブル装置
JP3961755B2 (ja) * 2000-09-18 2007-08-22 Ｉｄｅｃ株式会社 グリップ式スイッチ装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100025208A1 (en) 2010-02-04
FR2934415A1 (fr) 2010-01-29
CN101635214B (zh) 2013-05-01
FR2934415B1 (fr) 2010-08-27
CN101635214A (zh) 2010-01-27
EP2148343A1 (de) 2010-01-27

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