Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
  • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
  • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
  • B21D51/2676—Cans or tins having longitudinal or helical seams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
  • B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the rounding of individual sheet metal sections to Be fiscalzargen- blanks and a method for the production of can bodies from individual sheet metal sections. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rounding machine for rounding individual sheet metal sections and a welder for can bodies with such a rounding machine.
• Methods and devices of the type mentioned are used in the production of container frames, in particular can bodies made of sheet metal.
• the Be fiscalerzargen blanks are transported to the rounding directly into a welding machine for welding the longitudinal seam of the frame.
• the stacking of the sheets, the round apparatus and the welding machine form a unit.
• Corresponding systems for can production are known, for example, from DE-A-33 30 171 or from US Pat. No. 5,209,625.
• the rounding takes place in such a way that the can body formed can be guided directly into the Z-rail used for the seam overlap.
• the rectangular cut sheet metal sections with defined dimensions and material properties recorded in standards are transferred from a slide-in system to a first pushed driven pair of transport rollers, by several driven transport rollers at a speed of 100-450m / min. transported further and bent in a round machine with a round system with the help of wedges with rollers or with roller systems to a round frame. It may also be done by means of a wedge system of an optional Flexerstation a previous plastic deformation, which serves to reduce the stress in the sheet before rounding.
• Such circular machines or systems are known in the art.
• the sheets processed in series have different sheet thicknesses and material properties, such as yield strength, elongation and solidification behavior, which lead to different frame diameters and thus different openings at the free ends after the rounding process. Since this is not all rounded in series frames in the same position in the round station and they have different rounding radii, this can have variations of the overlap in the welding station result, which is problematic for the welding of the frame, or problems in the lateral pushing out of Frames from the rounding machine into the welding device and thus lead to a machine stop with longer downtimes. The efficiency of the machine is thereby reduced and there are downtime costs for the machine operator.
• this is achieved by measuring at least one sheet property in front of and / or in the feed section and / or in the round machine, which influences the rounding, that the measured value or a value derived therefrom Controlling the rounding machine is supplied, and that the rounding machine is controlled in dependence on the measured value or derived value such that the radius of curvature (R) of the frame even with changing
• Sheet property is kept substantially constant.
• the object is achieved in that at least one measuring device is provided, by which at least one sheet property can be measured, that a measured value of the measuring device or a value derived therefrom can be delivered to a controller of the round machine, and that the round machine in dependence from the measured value or the value derived therefrom, whereby a substantially constant radius of curvature can be achieved with changing sheet properties.
• the measurement in the rounding operation is carried out non-destructively on successive sheet metal sections, so that thus measured in the current rounding operation and according to the measurement, the rounding is set.
• the rounding takes place during the formation of can bodies and in particular at a speed of 100 to 450 m / minute and the rounded container frame blanks are made from the round machine of a welding device for can bodies with welding rollers, in particular with wire intermediate electrodes running on them, and a Z-rail supplied for positioning the frame edges.
• the sheet thickness can be measured as the sheet property.
• the rounding behavior is measured directly as sheet property, so that a direct measure of the behavior of one or each sheet metal section is obtained.
• the strength of the sheet metal sections can be measured as a sheet property.
• the strength can be measured by magnetization of the sheet and subsequent measurement of the gradient of the residual field strength and its correlation with strength values, in particular tensile strength and / or yield strength, of the sheet or the strength can be determined by generating and measuring eddy currents in the sheet and their correlation with strength values , in particular tensile strength and / or yield strength, are measured.
• At least one of the round rollers of the round machine and / or a round wedge of the round machine is controlled. It can additionally or alternatively be controlled by the measured value or the value derived therefrom a Vorrundkeil the rounding machine. Furthermore, by means of the measured value or the value derived therefrom, a flexing station of the rounding machine, in particular a flexing wedge arranged therein, can be controlled.
• FIGS. 1 shows schematically an apparatus for explaining first embodiments of the invention
• Figure 2 schematically an apparatus for explaining further embodiments of the invention
• FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2 with a wedge in the measuring device
• Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a measuring device
• FIG. 5 shows a perspective partial view of the measuring device of FIG. 4.
• FIG. 6 shows a representation of the electrical circuitry of the measuring device of FIGS. 4 and 5.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically in side view various embodiments of the present invention. It can be seen that sheet metal sections, of which the sections 1 and 2 are shown as examples, are stacked by a stack 10 and placed in a transport device 3, which serves as a feed line for a rounding machine 4. Go through the sheets doing this arrangement of feed line and machine in the direction of arrow A.
• the stacking of the stack 10 and the introduction into the transport device 3 is here, since this is known in the art, not further explained.
• the transport device 3 is also considered to be optional, although preferred, so that the sheets could also be dispensed directly from the stack 10 into the rounding machine 4. This then requires that the measuring device, which is explained below, at the entrance of the rotary machine 4 or is positioned in this, which is also shown in more detail.
• each sheet metal section is rounded to form a frame blank, as can be seen for the forward part of the sheet metal section 2 in the direction of passage.
• the rounding is done with a predetermined by the setting of the rounding machine Sollrundungsradius and leads to the rounding radius R; this with a rounding speed VR of eg 100 to 450 m / minute.
• Round machines are known in various embodiments, especially for can bodies, the round machine can be provided in a simple form as a two-roll rounding machine with the two rollers 11 and 12.
• Round machines with a plurality of rollers are also known, for example from EP-A1 197 272.
• Such circular machines can also be used in the context of the present invention, as well as in principle any other round machines; According to the invention, they must be controllable in their setting for determining the rounding in rounding mode, as will be explained in more detail below. is purified.
• a Vorrundkeil 14 may be provided in front of the round rollers 11 and 12.
• a round wedge 13 may be provided after the round rollers 11, 12.
• a flex station is provided in front of the actual rounding station, which in the embodiment shown is part of the rounding machine 4, which could also be a separate station.
• the flexer station has the rollers 9 and 8 and the flexer wedge 7, which acts on the plate emerging from the rollers.
• flexstations for removing stresses in the sheet metal are generally known to the person skilled in the art for pretreating the sheet and facilitating the subsequent rounding, for example from the aforementioned US Pat. No.
• the measuring device described below can be arranged to determine the Rundungs s in the flexer station and use their preliminary rounding to determine the rounding behavior of the sheet, which will be explained in more detail.
• the adjustable elements of the rotary machine and preferably also of the flexer station are provided with drives (referred to below as actuators) which can move these elements within the scope of their customary setting possibilities in order to allow the control of the round machine to influence the rounding result;
• the influence of the actuators on the elements of the round machine is symbolized in the figures by going out of the actuators Pfei- Ie in the respective element, the movement of the element by another arrow, the connection of the actuators with the controller 5 is symbolized by lines 40.
• the flexi wedge 7 can be moved by the actuator 6 in the direction of arrow B.
• the precut wedge 14 can be moved by the actuator 15 in the direction of the arrow C.
• rollers 11 and 12 may be provided whose distance from one another determining drive, which acts on one or both of the rollers and which is shown schematically as an actuator 16. Furthermore, the actuator 17 can act on the circular wedge 13 in order to move it in the direction of the arrow D. All of these actuators may be provided or only one of them and any combinations are possible which allow the controller 5 of the rounding machine 4, via the control of the actuators and thus the setting of the moving rollers and / or round wedges, the rounding result or the rounding radius R directly in operation.
• the design of the corresponding movement elements and drives can vary depending on the structural design of the rounding machine, but is readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
• the actuators can be based on electromotive, magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic or on a piezoelectric basis to adjust the respective elements of the circular machine. This should, as mentioned, be possible during the operation of the rounding machine in order to effect a change in the radius of curvature between successive sheets, and preferably even during the rounding of a sheet, by the controller.
• the round machine is operated in a basic setting suitable for the sheet metal sections of the stack 10, which have certain sheet metal properties, which leads to the desired rounding radius R when these sheet properties are observed.
• the controller 5 can operate at least one actuator on the basis of the measurement in order to adapt the rounding properties to measured, changed sheet properties, so that in turn the rounding result matches the desired Rounding radius R is achieved. If only one of the actuators is present, for example, the actuator 17, which acts on the circular wedge 13, the change is easily performed by the controller 5 and this can be adjusted by a few test trials with sheets of different property or that the correct result is achieved for these different sheets.
• Actuators and therefore several possibilities of influence and the complexity of the command variants stored in the controller 5 increases, as these decide, for example, whether with changing sheet property compliance with the desired radius R on the Vorrundkeil 14 and the actuator 15 is achieved, or more suitable via the actuator 16 and the roll adjustment. This can also be determined by test plates by the machine setter and the controller 5 can be set or programmed accordingly. The same applies to the variant in which also the flexer wedge 7 is adjustable by means of an actuator.
• a measuring device for the sheet metal sections is provided, by means of which at least one property of the respective sheet can be detected before rounding, so that the rounding machine for the rounding of this sheet is adjusted accordingly.
• the invention also includes the possibility that at least one sheet of a stack 10 is measured before the start of operation, in particular sondere is also measured destructive to measure the plate self ⁇ properties of the sheets of said stack and to adjust the rolling machine 4 according to the control means. 5
• Such prior to operation of the sheet measuring instrument is then preferably connected directly to the controller 5 via a data link, so that the Steue ⁇ tion directly receives the measured value or a value derived therefrom for the property of the sheets of the stack. 5
• the controller 5 can adjust the rounding machine accordingly.
• a procedure is preferred in which a measurement takes place in the rounding mode, as will be explained below.
• both of Figure 1 and of Figure 2 or 3 a measurement of at least one Blecheigen- shaft within the feed path 3, which is formed here by the illustrated transport means. If such a feed path is omitted, the sheet thus arrives directly from the stack 10 into the input area 25 of the rounding machine via a stacker, where it is detected and conveyed further, then the at least one sheet property is measured either at the stacker and / or directly at the Entrance or in the rounding machine 4, in particular in the flexer station.
• the expert can readily arrange the measuring devices described below so that they are not, as shown, in the feed line 3, but at the stacker and / or at the entrance of the rounding machine or in the rounding machine, especially in a flexer station. Such an example is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. It is also possible to use appropriate measuring equipment in the
• a marking for example with a numerical code or a bar code, which represents the measured sheet properties, so that this code can be read in the feed line 3 or at the input of the rounding machine 4 or in what the Control in this way reaches the measured value or the measured values or correspondingly derived values, which allows the setting of at least one of the actuators.
• a measuring device 27 is shown, which lies between the roller pairs 21, 22 and 23, 24. This measuring device is connected to the control device 5, so that the measured value or a derived value indicating the sheet properties can be delivered to the controller 5.
• the measuring device 27 is a device which allows the measurement of the strength of the respective sheet metal section, in the figure of the sheet metal section 1.
• this is a non-contact measuring method.
• a well-known non-contact measurement method which is applied to steel strips, and is now applied to individual sheet metal sections, based on a periodic magnetization of the metal and the subsequent measurement of the gradient of the residual magnetic field strength on the top and bottom of the band or here the section.
• the measured value of the residual magnetic field strength or the calculated gradient is associated with the mechanical strength of the sheet metal section via correlation relationships, which in particular includes the tensile strength and the yield strength of the respective metal sheet.
• Such a measuring device is known under the trademark IMPOC® and commercially available and is manufactured and distributed by the company EMG Automation GmbH, Wenden, Germany.
• the strength properties of the sheet metal sections can be determined, which have a direct influence on the rounding properties, and the corresponding measured value is output to the controller 5, which in particular increases or decreases the strength values compared to a preset setpoint or setpoint range operated at least one of the actuators to adapt the rounding machine to the changed strength values in operation.
• Dodges thus the measured strength value for the sheet metal section 1 from a preset setpoint or setpoint range and is at another preset value or range for which the controller has instructions for adjusting the rounding machine, the controller 5 for this sheet metal section 1, for example, the actuator 17th for the circular wedge 13 and possibly also actuate the actuator 15 for the Vor ⁇ round wedge 14, after the previous sheet metal section 2 has left the round rollers 11,12, so that the rounding behavior of the circular machine is adapted to the opposite to the sheet 2 different strength property of the sheet 1 , so that in turn the desired radius of curvature R results when the sheet 1 passes through the rounding machine.
• the subsequent and further subsequent sheet-metal sections are moved, so that, if necessary, an adaptation results for each sheet-metal section during operation.
• a commercially available product 3R-AQC from 3R Technics GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland is also applicable, which also measures sheet properties non-contacting and non-destructive by generating eddy currents in the sheet by means of a measuring coil and these in turn are measured. From the eddy current measurement can also be measured by correlation, the mechanical strength properties, such as hardness, tensile strength, yield strength of the sheet.
• a measuring device 28 can be provided which measures the sheet thickness of the respective sheet metal section in a manner generally known to those skilled in the art. Such sheet thickness gauges are also known and commercially available and will not be further explained here.
• the output value of the sheet thickness measurement is fed to the controller 5 and is there also for adjusting at least one of Actuators used to adapt the rounding machine 4 to the sheet property "thickness".
• FIGS 2 and 3 show further embodiments, in which like reference numerals again denote like elements. All considerations which have been made for the embodiments of Figure 1, also apply to the embodiments of the variants according to Figures 2 and 3.
• the controller 5 affects the rounding machine 4 via the actuators, possibly including the flexer station.
• a preliminary rounding is provided in this embodiment, in which a part of the sheet metal section is rounded and the current behavior of this sheet metal section is measured to this rounding.
• the rollers 30 and 31 may be provided, which is usually a wedge 32 upstream.
• the rollers are operated by an arrangement, not shown, so that they cause a rounding only for part of the sheet metal section, preferably for a front portion, as shown in the figure.
• the sheet metal section can subsequently also be bent straight again.
• three different possible rounding curves of a sheet with a, b and c are indicated and shown with different line representation in the figure.
• a measuring arrangement 33 to 35 can be determined how the sheet metal section behaves in this rounding.
• a plurality of sensors 34 may be arranged in a linear sequence in the direction of sheet travel. These sensors may be mechanically responsive to touch or may be electrical sensors responsive to the electrical conductivity of the sheet.
• the sensors can also be optical sensors, eg light barriers or acoustic sensors, eg ultrasonic distance sensors.
• it can be determined by the sensors at which point of impact point 35, or at which impact time, the leading edge of the sheet 1 impinges on the sensor assembly, which is a measure of the rounding behavior of the respective sheet, or the curve a or b or c represents.
• the shape of the rounded region a, b or c can also be determined directly.
• the thus measured rounding behavior of the sheet in the preliminary rounding is fed to the control 5 as a measured value or derived value and serves there to set at least one of the actuators.
• the actuator 6 and a single actuator 15 ' which symbolizes the adjustment of both the Vorrundkeils 14 and at least one of the rollers 11, 12 and the adjustment of the inclination of the rollers.
• a wedge 13 with associated actuator could also be provided here.
• one or both of the measuring devices 27, 28 described in FIG. 1 could additionally be provided.
• the measuring device 33 could be provided in the embodiment of Figure 1 or within the rounding machine 4, for example in the flexer station of the same.
• a wedge 36 is additionally provided analogous to the flexor of the flexer station in the measuring device 33.
• This wedge 36 influences the pre-round measurement in much the same way as the flex wedge influences the rounding, so that the measurement of the ripple property is better adapted to the subsequent rounding.
• the flexer wedge 36 is preferably adjusted by an actuator and the controller 5.
• the corresponding measuring device 50 can, as for the previously described measuring devices 27 or 33 to 35 or 33 to 36 the case is to be arranged in the feed line 3. However, it can also be arranged in the actual rotary apparatus, in particular between the flexer station with the rollers 8, 9 and the flexer wedge 7; However, it is then preferably part of the flexer station or arranged in this. Thus, the illustrated rollers 28 and 29 of the measuring device instead of the rollers 8 and 9 of the flex station of the rotary apparatus occur or instead of the rollers 31 and 30 in the feed 3.
• the rollers 41 and 42 are thus the round rollers (corresponding to the round rollers 11 and 12 of the preceding examples) and thus the previously described elements or wedges 14 and 13 thereof could be arranged before and after the round rollers 41, 42, respectively which is indicated in Figure 4 only with the rectangles 13 and 14.
• the measuring device 50 has a flexing wedge 37. If the measuring device is thus used in accordance with the measuring device 33 to 36 in the feed section 3, then this flexer wedge 37 can be adjusted as the flexer wedge 7 in the round apparatus.
• the flexing wedge 37 of the measuring device also directly assumes the function of the flexer wedge 7 of the rotary apparatus according to the previous examples, so that the rounding behavior is measured with a flexer wedge.
• the measuring device 50 could also do without its flexer wedge 37.
• the measuring device has at least one sensor 45, with which the arrival of the respective sheet metal 1 at or in the measuring device 50 can be detected.
• the front edge of the sheet in the transport direction is detected, in particular by an optical sensor, in particular a light barrier or a plurality of light barriers. This detection of the sheet 1 starts at the measuring device 50 is a time measurement.
• the detection of the impact of the leading edge of the sheet on the measuring plate 38 of the measuring device 50 is preferably carried out electrically. This can be done so that the measuring plate is at a first electrical potential and at least one of the rollers 28, 29 is at a different electrical potential (and, if present, the flexing wedge 27 of the measuring device is at the electric potential of the roller). If the front edge of the electrically conductive sheet strikes the measuring plate 38, the two potentials are short-circuited, which can be determined by a corresponding current flow or a corresponding voltage drop of the measuring voltage. Thus, the time measurement is stopped or the time between detection of the leading edge by the sensor 45 and the impact of the leading edge on the measuring plate 38 is determined and thus the rounding of the sheet in the measuring device 50.
• the measuring plate 38 is preferred with a A plurality of electrically isolated from each other, juxtaposed measuring parts 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d, etc. out ⁇ leads, which are also alternately on the different electrical potentials.
• These parts may be wedge-shaped, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
• FIG. 5 shows some of the adjacent measuring wedges in a perspective view.
• FIG. 6 shows a corresponding measuring circuit with a measuring voltage source U s , wherein the rollers 28, 29 and the flexing wedge 37 are at ground potential.
• the measuring wedges 38b, 38d, etc. are also at ground potential (only 38b is shown in FIG. 6 for the sake of simplicity).
• the measuring wedges 38a, 38c, etc. are at positive potential (only 38a is shown in FIG. 6).
• the electrical short-circuit possibilities for the measuring voltage due to the impact of the sheet on the measuring plate 38, whereby the measuring voltage drops detectably and thus stops the time measurement, are thus short-circuited by the measuring wedge measuring wedge or measuring wedge flexo wedge or measuring wedge roller.
• the voltage drop detection is represented by the voltmeter symbols in FIG.
• the method and the device are used in particular for the welding of can bodies. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the present application, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these and may be practiced otherwise within the scope of the following claims.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
• Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
• Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
• Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-04-17 WO PCT/CH2008/000174 patent/WO2008144947A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-04-17 DE DE502008001173T patent/DE502008001173D1/de active Active
  • 2008-04-17 US US12/601,533 patent/US8627694B2/en active Active
  • 2008-04-17 CN CN200880018294.3A patent/CN101678424B/zh active Active
  • 2008-04-17 ES ES08733800T patent/ES2348067T3/es active Active
  • 2008-04-17 WO PCT/CH2008/000173 patent/WO2008144946A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-04-17 US US12/601,883 patent/US8573013B2/en active Active
  • 2008-04-17 PT PT08733799T patent/PT2148751E/pt unknown
  • 2008-04-17 AT AT08733800T patent/ATE477863T1/de active
  • 2008-04-17 ES ES08733799T patent/ES2391795T3/es active Active
  • 2008-04-17 EP EP08733799A patent/EP2148751B1/fr active Active
  • 2008-04-17 EP EP08733800A patent/EP2152445B1/fr active Active
  • 2008-04-17 CN CN2008800181940A patent/CN101678423B/zh active Active

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