EP2165000B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2165000B1
EP2165000B1 EP08762807.9A EP08762807A EP2165000B1 EP 2165000 B1 EP2165000 B1 EP 2165000B1 EP 08762807 A EP08762807 A EP 08762807A EP 2165000 B1 EP2165000 B1 EP 2165000B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
magnetic field
product
alternate
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08762807.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2165000A2 (de
Inventor
Alfredo Poloni
Fabio Guastini
Milorad Pavlicevic
Andrea Codutti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Original Assignee
Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA filed Critical Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
Publication of EP2165000A2 publication Critical patent/EP2165000A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2165000B1 publication Critical patent/EP2165000B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/24—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using magnetic or electric fields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/16—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using fluids under pressure, e.g. air knives
    • C23C2/18—Removing excess of molten coatings from elongated material
    • C23C2/20—Strips; Plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the thickness of a coating on a flat metal product, such as a steel strip, during the continuous galvanizing process of the strip by-hot immersion, also referred to briefly "hot dip" by the English term.
  • a metal strip suitably thermally pre-treated in a non-oxidising /reducing atmosphere is dipped in a bath of melted Zn (440°C-470°C) and is guided out in a vertical direction by rollers immersed in the bath.
  • the amount of liquid Zn extracted by the strip during the passage through the melted bath is determined by the balance between the force of gravity and the viscous forces, and the thickness of the layer of liquid Zn which is deposited on both surfaces of the strip, results as proportional to the speed of the strip and the physical properties of the melted Zn, such as kinematic viscosity and surface tension.
  • the devices employed generally comprise two nozzles having a rectangular section or a section having some other form, positioned at the sides of the strip at a predetermined distance from both the strip and the free surface of the Zn bath, from which a gas jet exits advantageously at room temperature. These gas jets act to reduce the thickness of the zinc layer that covers the surface of the strip, forcing part of the liquid metal to return towards the bath.
  • the same type of process can be used to coat metal strips with Zn-Al, aluminium and tin alloys.
  • the air knife is characterised by very narrow pressure distribution on the zone of impact, only a few millimetres wide, such as 3-5 mm, for example, and by the presence of a larger shear stress zone of action.
  • the main effect of the pressure distribution is to generate a force, due to the gradient of pressure on the thickness of the liquid zinc, that abruptly cuts the fluid vein and reduces the thickness of the coating, sending back any quantities of Zn in excess to the bath.
  • the value of this force is at its maximum when the gas jet is perpendicular to the strip surface.
  • the value of the final coating thickness is also determined by the action of the shear stress generated on the strip by the gas. This value is at its minimum when the gas jet is perpendicular to the strip surface.
  • the pressure exercised by the air knives must be increased. This effect is obtained by an increase in the gas flow rate or the reduction of the-opening of the air knife nozzles.
  • Main disadvantage of the air knife technology is that of provoking a strong cooling and therefore the premature solidification of the Zn under the action of the air knife, especially when the supply pressure is increased with the purpose of obtaining increasingly thinner coatings. This signifies diminishing the efficacy of Zn thickness reduction.
  • a very important problem is caused by the different fluid dynamics and thermal situation present on the centre of the strip with respect to the strip edges. In fact, this situation leads to a lack of uniformity in the thickness of the coating along the total width of the strip, but this is greater at the edges. In fact, the edges of the strip cool more rapidly than the centre of the strip creating variations in the physical properties of the liquid Zn, in particular in the kinematic viscosity, that generate surface forces (Marangoni effect) provoking an accumulation of coating near the edges.
  • the problem is resoived only partially using knives or masks to deflect-the gas jet at the edges of the strip, or using butterfly nozzles that increase the gas flow rate on the edges.
  • the accumulation of the coating near the edges causes also problems of uniformity in the coating properties when the strip is subjected to successive treatments, for example a heating and a holding for an appropriate time at a temperature close to the melting point of the zinc, a treatment referred to as "galvannealing" in English. Furthermore, this accumulation does not permit to reduce to a minimum the amount of Zn necessary to obtain a given coating, with the consequential economical disadvantages.
  • a limit in air knife technology is also represented by the fact that the airflow produces a coating oxidation that increases in intensity in proportion to the increase in speed and gas flow rate. This generates defects in the final product and contributes towards releasing dust into the environment.
  • inert gas such as N 2
  • a further limit relates to the fact that, once the feeding speed of the strip is fixed, the final thickness of the coating depends on the peak of the pressure gradient force, but the pressure of the air, or gas, must be maintained within certain limits in order-to prevent reaching supersonic air speeds with the consequential problems of vibration, beating and instability in the strip position, and excessive noise levels in the plant.
  • EP525387 discloses a method for controlling coating weight on a hot-dipping steel strip, with the provision of flowing a high-frequency current strong enough to magnetically saturate the steel strip through a pair of high-frequency current conducting paths to induce a high-frequency current of an opposite phase in the steel strip, so that a magnetic pressure acting on surfaces of the steel strip is generated by interaction of the induced high-frequency current with a high-frequency current of the high-frequency current conducting paths.
  • US4273800 discloses a method for removal of excess metal coating by means of a stationary pulsating or alternating magnetic flux.
  • the frequency and intensity of the flux are controlled to exert on the coating surface a force opposing the viscous drag forces exerted on the coating by the moving substrate.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a method and relative device to realise an operation of controlled removal of the excess coating during the final continuous galvanizing stage by hot dipping of a flat metal product, such as a steel strip for example, by means of the combined use of alternate monophase or pulsed electromagnetic fields and gas jets so as to efficiently control the coating weight and the uniformity of coating distribution, compensating the cooling effect of the air knives by means of a localised induction heating of the coating.
  • a second object is that of using the combination of air knives and magnetic fields, generating electromagnetic forces cooperating with the forces of pneumatic pressure, in order to reduce the air supply pressure and thus to reduce the problems of "splashing" and coating oxidation.
  • a third object of the invention is that of using magnetic fields, in cooperation with the air knives, to heat the liquid zinc in order to locally reduce the kinematic viscosity and surface tension thereof and, thus, furtherly reduce the "splashing" phenomena caused by air knives.
  • Another object of the invention relates to the possibility of increasing the strip feeding speed and, therefore, the maximum productivity of the current galvanizing lines.
  • a method for controlling the thickness of coating on a flat metal product with the features of claim 1.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a device for implementing the aforementioned method of controlling the thickness of coating on a flat metal product, according to claim 12.
  • the induced currents generate a heating in the Zn coating and in the strip whose entity depends on the intensity and the frequency of the imposed magnetic field.
  • the heating of the strip also depends on the geometrical trend of the magnetic flux tubes reclosing in the strip.
  • the method according to the present invention advantageously allows to modify the paths that the magnetic fluxs follow when closing in the magnetic yoke, crossing the strip subject to the galvanizing process. Therefore it is possible to dose in the strip the phenomenon of heating by electromagnetic induction, in both concentration and distribution, varying the module and the frequency of the magnetic induction and the path of the field fluxes.
  • the flux tubes can be produced substantially in different configurations by means of the control of the currents that supply the magnetic circuit in question.
  • the difference in flux distribution influences the different distribution of the induced currents in the strip and consequently also the induced heating.
  • this method provides a heating that, under certain conditions, concentrates more on the edges because of the return of the electric currents. In this case it is possible to compensate the natural over-cooling of the strip edges with respect to the strip centre.
  • induction heating advantageously reduces the surface tension and the kinematic viscosity of said material, in particular at the edges of the strip. Furthermore, thanks to the heating, kinematic viscosity and surface tension are modified locally in order to make more difficult to provoke "splashing" phenomena.
  • the present invention also resolves the problem of the accumulation of Zn on the edges of the strip since the temperature of the Zn and of the strip are more uniform along the thickness of the strip.
  • the alternate or pulsed magnetic fields can be applied in directions substantially parallel or in directions substantially perpendicular to the strip. Possibly the aforesaid magnetic fields can be applied in both directions, parallel and perpendicular to the strip.
  • the method according to the present invention can be applied to control the thickness of coating on steel strips in exit from a hot bath of zinc, Zn-Al alloys, aluminium, Al and tin alloys, for example.
  • FIG. 1 A diagram illustrating the galvanizing process of a metal strip by immersion in a hot bath is shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the metal strip 1 suitably thermally pre-treated in a non-oxidising/reducing atmosphere is immersed in the bath 2 of melted Zn and is guided out from the bath in a vertical direction, at a predetermined speed, by three rollers immersed in the bath.
  • means for generating gas jets comprising nozzles or air knives 4 suitable to produce jets or blades of air or other gas, such as steam or N 2 , and therefore pneumatic forces to reduce the thickness of Zn deposited on the strip.
  • the supply pressure for the nozzles 4 preferably ranges between 0,1 bar and 1 bar.
  • a relative device comprises means for generating alternate monophase or pulsed electromagnetic fields in order to remove the excess coating material by means of the induction heating on the coating layers 11 of the strip, said means being advantageously combined with the aforesaid means for generating gas jets.
  • the means for generating alternate magnetic fields can comprise one or more magnetic yokes whose magnetic poles have predetermined geometries, or one or more wound coils or turns, placed in proximity of the strip and supplied with alternate or pulsed monophase current.
  • a first embodiment of the method according to the present invention provides the generation of a longitudinal alternate magnetic field B having a direction substantially parallel to the feeding direction of the strip, that is the vertical direction, as illustrated in Fig. 2a .
  • the heating action obtained is uniform and the heating area 5 corresponds with a substantially rectangular area at the zone of impact 12 of the gas jets.
  • the heating area 5 advantageously covers the total width of the strip 1, edges included.
  • the heating induced by the uniform longitudinal field B depends on the intensity and the distribution of the induced currents 6, which are function of the penetration depth of the current in the strip, depending on the magnetic induction frequency, and function of the thickness of the strip itself.
  • the frequency of the generated magnetic induction is varied in a manner to obtain a predetermined ratio between thickness of the strip and depth of the penetration of the induced currents in the strip itself, ranging between 0,5 and 20.
  • the intensity of the alternate magnetic field is comprised between 0,05 and 1 T in the air at the "wiping" zone, that is at the air knife action zone.
  • This first embodiment of the method according to the invention can be realised by means of a device comprising, in a first variant, one or more coils or turns 7, wound around the strip 1 and supplied with alternate or pulsed current in order to create a longitudinal magnetic field B, alternate or pulsed, inside said coils or turns, as illustrated in Fig. 3 , or comprising, in a second variant, magnetic yokes provided with poles 8, 8', placed at each of the surfaces of major extension of the strip, having the same function, arranged according to the diagram in Fig. 4 .
  • the generated magnetic flux moves, parallel to the strip feeding direction, from the upper poles 8 to the lower poles 8' of the respective magnetic yoke.
  • nozzles 4 are provided placed in proximity of the coil 7, preferably at half-height of the winding, as illustrated in Fig. 3a .
  • the turns of the coil 7 can also be arranged closer to the strip at the top, and gradually further away from the strip at the bottom, as shown in Fig. 3b , or alternatively they can be provided in a decreasing number along the vertical plane towards the melted coating material bath, that is from top to bottom as shown in Fig. 3c .
  • the flare angle ⁇ of the coil 7 with respect to the vertical plane is between 0° and 60°.
  • the second variant of the device illustrated in Fig. 4a , on the other hand, provides means for generating electromagnetic fields comprising two inductors, each one for example composed of one or more windings or coils-30 wound around a ferromagnetic core or yoke 31, substantially having a C shape, while the means for generating gas jets comprise, for each inductor, a support and supply structure for supporting and supplying nozzle 4, the structure comprising a gas feed manifold 32 and the same nozzles, placed in proximity of each surface 11 of major extension of the steel strip 1 in exit from the melted coating material bath.
  • the ferromagnetic cores 31, having a substantially C shape, are lamination stack or compact type and produced in ferromagnetic or magneto-dielectric or ferritic material, while the coils 30 are positioned opposite one another on each side of the steel strip 1 and can be cooled with water.
  • the control of the alternating magnetic field frequency is provided according to the type and quality of the coating to be removed.
  • the support structure comprising the feed manifold 32 and the nozzles 4, is positioned inside the ferromagnetic cores 31, the superposition of the gas jets over the action zone of the induction heating is always guaranteed.
  • the nozzles 4, positioned placed in proximity of the magnetic yoke poles 8, 8' of each ferromagnetic core 31, can be placed inside or outside the inductors.
  • an alternate or pulsed current flows through the coils 30 with a phase shift angle between currents equal to 180° in a manner such there is only one longitudinal magnetic flux generated by the magnetic flux loops 33, 33' circulating on each inductor.
  • All the variants of the first embodiment of the invention are characterised by a vertical distribution of the coils or of the terminal parts of the magnetic yokes, in proximity of the strip feeding plane, ranging between 10 ⁇ 100 mm in order to advantageously concentrate the heating along a strip zone that extends in longitudinal direction for 5 ⁇ 30 mm and that is at least partially superimposed over the zone most intensely cooled by the air knives, extending longitudinally for about 3 ⁇ 10 mm, thus reducing the necessary heating power, equal to approximately 1 ⁇ 50 kW for metre of strip width.
  • a second embodiment of the method according to the invention instead, provides the generation of a non-uniform alternate magnetic field B' having a direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the strip, as shown in Fig. 5a .
  • the heating action obtained is not uniform on the strip.
  • the field B' has a gradient which causes a distribution of induced current represented by the curved line 6' such to heat both the edges and centre of the strip.
  • the heating is localised in several heating areas:
  • the gradient of the magnetic field B' can be obtained, in a first variant, by supplying a magnetic yoke in which the poles 10 in the- magnetic gap have a geometry that is similar to that illustrated in Fig. 6 , said poles being provided with a surface 20 inclined by an angle between 0° and 60° with respect to a vertical plane.
  • This first variant illustrated in Fig. 6a , comprises two inductors, each one for example composed of one or more windings or coils 30 wound around a ferromagnetic core or yoke 31'.
  • the two parts of the yoke 31', each one placed at a surface of major extension of the strip 1, are advantageously connected on the horizontal plane perpendicular to the sheet in order to close and maximise the magnetic flux.
  • the means for generating gas jets comprise, for each inductor, a support and supply structure for supporting and supplying nozzles 4', the structure comprising a gas feed manifold 32' and placed outside the ferromagnetic yoke 31'.
  • the nozzles 4' are placed immediately above said inductors and slightly inclined in a downward direction to ensure that the gas jet zone coincides with the action zone of magnetic field B'. This solution allows an easier access for nozzle cleaning since the upper part of the nozzles is unencumbered.
  • the gradient of the magnetic field B' can be obtained, in a second alternative variant, by adopting a series or winding of non-uniformly distributed turns 7' of the type illustrated in Fig. 7 .
  • the turns 7' arranged on one side only with respect to the feeding direction of the strip, are wound in a manner to define axes perpendicular to said direction and an internal surface inclined, with respect to a vertical plane, of an angle preferably comprised between 0° and 60°.
  • a third embodiment of the method according to the invention is obtained by inverting the gradient of the non-uniform alternate magnetic field B", as illustrated in Fig. 8a .
  • the gradient of the magnetic field B" causes a distribution of induced current represented by the curved line 6" such to heat both the edges and centre of the strip.
  • the heating is localised in- several heating areas:
  • the gradient of the magnetic field B" can be obtained, in a manner similar to that described above, in a first variant, by supplying a magnetic yoke whose poles 10 in the magnetic gap have a geometry similar to that illustrated in Fig. 9 , said poles being provided with a surface 20' inclined of an angle preferably comprised between 0° and 60° with respect to a vertical plane.
  • This first variant illustrated in Fig. 9a , comprises two inductors, each one for example composed of one or more windings or coils 30' wound around a core or ferromagnetic yoke 31'.
  • the two parts of the yoke 31', each one arranged at one surface of major extension of the strip 1, are advantageously connected on a horizontal plane perpendicular to the sheet in order to close and maximise the magnetic flux.
  • the means for generating gas jets comprise, for each inductor, a support and supply structure for supporting and supplying nozzles 4', the structure comprising a gas feed manifold 32' and placed outside the ferromagnetic yoke 31'.
  • the nozzles 4' are placed immediately above said inductors and slightly inclined in a downward direction to ensure that the gas jet zone coincides with the action zone of the magnetic field B". This solution allows an easier access for nozzle cleaning since the upper part of the nozzles is unencumbered.
  • the gradient of the magnetic field B" can be realised, in a second alternative variant, by adopting a series or winding of non-uniformly distributed turns 7" of the type illustrated in Fig. 10 .
  • the turns 7" arranged on one side only with respect to the feeding direction of the strip, are wound in a manner to define axes perpendicular to said direction and an internal surface inclined, with respect to a vertical plane, of an angle preferably comprised between 0° and 60°.
  • a fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention is obtained by generating two non-uniform alternate magnetic fields B', B", having a direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the strip and directions opposite to one another, that is by combining the second and third embodiments, as illustrated in the Figures from 11 a to 13.
  • the distribution of the induced- currents 6', 6" on the surfaces 11 of the strip 1 are such to generate a heating at the centre of the surfaces 11 higher with respect to the edges. Therefore a central heating area 9'" wider than the central area 9 of the previous cases is provided; and second side heating areas 9', 9" are provided both above and below the area 9"'.
  • the gradients of the magnetic fields B', B" can be realised by providing the combination, as illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 , of the magnetic yokes shown in Figures 6 and 9 , arranged symmetrically with respect to a horizontal plane, or the combination of the series or windings of the non uniformly distributed turns 7', 7" shown in Figures 7 and 10 , each winding being arranged to be placed at a respective side with respect to the feeding direction of the strip.
  • this fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention can be realised by means of a device, such as that illustrated in Fig. 15 , totally identical to that already described above and illustrated in Fig. 4a .
  • an alternate or pulsed current flows through the coils 30 with a phase shift angle between the currents equal to 0° in a manner such there is only one magnetic flux crossing the strip twice in opposite directions, said flux being generated by the magnetic flux loop 33" common to the two inductors.
  • ferromagnetic yokes or cores with appropriately shaped poles allows to model the shape of the magnetic field.
  • inclination of the poles with respect to the vertical direction, that is the feeding direction of the strip must be between 0° and 60° in order to be efficacious.
  • the heating induced by field B' and/or B" depends on the intensity and the distribution of the induced currents 6' and/or 6", which are function of the intensity of the magnetic induction and its frequency. For example, for strips with a thickness ranging between 0,2 mm and 4 mm it is appropriate to work with frequencies ranging between 5 and 1000 Hz, preferably between 50 and 500 Hz.
  • the intensity of the alternate magnetic field B', B" is, instead, comprised between 0,05 and 1 T, in the air.
  • the induced heating is such that it contrasts the cooling- effect due to the gas jet or air knife action, whereby the heating areas 5, 9, 9', 9", 9"' must be provided underneath or at most at the zone of impact of said jets.
  • the strip can be maintained in motion at a temperature that is substantially equal to that at the exit from the bath 2 until it reaches the impact zone of the jets, thus avoiding surface solidification of the zinc in proximity of the nozzles 4.
  • the strip surface that could be subject to the risk of solidification is the part just below the nozzles 4, that is below the air jet impact zone, having a width approximately equal to that of the strip and having a height ranging between a few millimetres and 10 mm that corresponds with the pressure peak of the gas jet.
  • the thermal power that can be removed from the strip in the gas jet impact zone, having a height equal to 1 ⁇ 10 mm, caused by the cooling of the gas jets, is variable between 1 and 50 kW according to the working conditions of the air knives.
  • intensity and frequency of the magnetic field are regulated in order to provide the strip with a thermal power equivalent to that removed, thus being able to avoid premature solidification of the liquid coating before the excess coating is removed.
  • the figures 14a to 14c show possible arrangements of the nozzles 4 with respect to the heating areas generated on the strip during feeding.
  • the gas jet can be advantageously applied at or above the heating area 5. It must not be applied under this area 5 because the coating could have already attained the solid state when it reaches this area, therefore making the heating action, generated by the magnetic field B, ineffective.
  • the induced heating will have a different effect according to whether the nozzles are placed in proximity of the central elliptical heating area or in proximity of the heating areas at the edges.
  • the gas jet can be applied at or above the side heating areas 9'. It must not be applied under these areas 9' because the coating could have already attained the solid state when it reaches these heating areas, therefore making ineffective the heating action generated by the magnetic field B' at the edges. Therefore, in this case the nozzles 4 are preferably placed at or above the side heating areas 9', because, if they are placed at the central heating area 9, the thermal power supplied to heat the edges could become superfluous, as the coating at the edges could have already solidified by the time it reaches the areas 9'.
  • the gas jetcan be applied at or above the central-heating area 9. It must not be applied under this area because the coating could have already attained the solid state when it reaches this area 9, therefore making ineffective the heating action generated by the magnetic field B" at the centre of the strip.
  • the nozzles 4 are preferably placed at or above the central heating area 9, because, if they are placed at the side heating areas 9", the thermal power supplied to heat the central surface of the strip could become superfluous, as the coating in the centre could have already solidified by the time it reaches the central area 9.
  • the gas jet generation occurs above the heating area or the heating areas furthest from the melted coating material bath. Therefore, the nozzles 4 are arranged above or at the coils or the magnetic poles that cause the localised heating.
  • the localised heating of the strip coating performed by induction using electromagnetic fields, therefore allows to compensate the cooling effect of the air knives in the zone where they perform.
  • the known travelling field "wiping" systems produce heating zones, or thermal action zones, which extend for a much greater longitudinal distance, longer than at least 100 mm, and consequently are less efficient.
  • the polar expansions or magnetic poles 8, 8' can be appropriately shaped to define the nozzles 4 adapted to generate gas jets, as in the example in Fig. 16 .
  • the nozzles 4 are defined by the configuration of the polar expansions 8, 8' and have a passage orifice which, when seen in transversal section ( Fig . 16 ), has a shape tapering along the feeding direction of the strip.
  • said passage orifice comprises two successive tapering stretches defining directions incident with one another.
  • the distance between the magnetic yoke poles 8, 8', respectively the upper one and the lower one is comprised between 0,5 and 5 mm.
  • each ferromagnetic core 31 and comprising the manifold 32 and possibly the nozzles 4 it can be provided at least one high electrical conductivity electromagnetic shield, placed between said structure and the core 31, that performs two functions:
  • said electromagnetic shield placed inside the magnetic cores, can be shaped so that it forms the nozzle for the gas jets.
  • the nozzles will be defined by the configuration of the electromagnetic shield or shields.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Überprüfen der Dicke einer Beschichtung auf einem flachen Metallprodukt, wobei das Produkt eine Transportrichtung definiert, wenn es von einem Beschichtungsmaterial-Schmelzbad in einem kontinuierlichen Feuerverzinkungs-Ver-fahren austritt, worin darin bereitgestellt werden erste Mittel zum Erzeugen wenigstens eines alternierenden oder gepulsten einphasigen Magnetfeldes, und zweite Mittel zum Erzeugen von Gasströmen, die geeignet sind zur Herstellung von Gas strömen, die auf die Oberflächen einer Haupt-Erstreckung des Produktes gerichtet sind, wobei beide der Mittel in der Nähe der Oberflächen platziert sind, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Abschnitte umfaßt, daß man
    (a) durch die ersten Mittel wenigstens ein alternierendes oder gepulstes einphasiges Magnetfeld (B, B', B") in der Nähe der Oberflächen des Produktes erzeugt, wobei das Magnetfeld eine Intensität zwischen 0,05 und 1 T in Luft und eine Frequenz zwischen 5 Hz und 500 kHz aufweist, eine Verteilung der Ströme (6, 6', 6") auf den Oberflächen induziert, und somit, abhängig von der Intensität und Frequenz des magnetischen Feldes und der Geometrie der Magnetflußröhre, eine Konzentration und Verteilung des Heizens auf den Oberflächen produziert, um wenigstens eine Heizfläche (9, 9', 9", 9'") auf den Oberflächen zu erzeugen;
    (b) eine Energie, die niedriger ist als 0,9 MW/m2, zu dem Produkt überführt, um eine Überhitzung des Produkts zu erreichen, die niedriger ist als 50 °C;
    (c) Gasströme durch die zweiten Mittel an der wenigstens einen Heizfläche erzeugt, um eine vorbestimmte einheitliche Beschichtungdicke entlang der gesamten Breite des Produktes zu erhalten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld (B) einheitlich ist und eine Richtung aufweist, die im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Transportrichtung des Produktes ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, worin die Heizfläche (5), hergestellt an jeder der Oberflächen des Produktes, im Wesentlichen rechteckig ist und die gesamte Breite der Oberflächen bedeckt, einschließlich der Ecken.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld eine Frequenz zwischen 0,5 und 500 kHz aufweist.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld eine Frequenz zwischen 10 kHz und 300 kHz aufweist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld (B', B") nicht einheitlich ist und eine Richtung aufweist, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Transportrichtung des Produktes ist.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, worin auf den Oberflächen einige Heizflächen erzeugt werden, einschließlich einer ersten zentralen Fläche (9, 9'"), die im Wesentlichen elliptisch ist, und zweiten Seitenflächen (9', 9"), die kleiner sind als die erste Fläche, in der Nähe der Kanten der Produkte, wobei die zweite Heizfläche erzeugt wird oberhalb (9') und/oder unterhalb (9") der ersten zentralen Heizfläche (9).
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld (B', B") eine Frequenz zwischen 5 und 1.000 Hz aufweist.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, worin das alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfeld (B', B") eine Frequenz zwischen 50 Hz und 500 Hz aufweist.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, 5, 8 oder 9, worin die thermische Energie, die an der Heizfläche oder den Heizflächen zugeführt wird, variabel ist zwischen 1 und 50 kW.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, 5, 8 oder 9, worin die Erzeugung der Gasströme oberhalb der Heizfläche oder den Heizflächen geschieht, die am weitesten weg von dem Beschichtungsmaterial-Schmelzbad sind.
  12. Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Dicke einer Beschichtung auf einem flachen Metallprodukt (1) nach dem Verfahren von Anspruch 1, umfassend erste Mittel zum Erzeugen (4) wenigstens eines alternierenden oder gepulsten einphasigen Magnetfelds und zweite Mittel zum Erzeugen von Gasströmen, die geeignet sind zur Herstellung von Gasströmen, die auf die Oberflächen der Haupt-Erstreckung des Produktes gerichtet sind, wobei beide der Mittel zum Erzeugen der Gasströme und des magnetischen Feldes in der Nähe der Oberflächen platziert sind, wobei die ersten Mittel wenigstens eine magnetische Spule umfassen, die magnetischen Pole davon (10, 10') in dem Magnetspalt eine Oberfläche (20, 20') aufweisen, die, bezogen auf eine vertikale Ebene, in einem Winkel zwischen 0 ° und 60 ° geneigt ist, oder eine Wicklung von nicht einheitlich verteilten Windungen (7', 7") umfassen, um eine innere Oberfäche zu definieren, die, bezogen auf die vertikale Ebene, in einem Winkel zwischen 0 ° und 60 ° geneigt ist.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, worin zwei magnetische Spulen bereitgestellt werden, die jeweils mit ersten Polen (10) und zweiten Polen (10') versehen sind, die an beiden Seiten angeordnet sind, bezogen auf die Transportrichtung des flachen Metallproduktes (1) oder zwei magnetische Wicklungen von nicht einheitlich verteilten Windungen (7', 7") bereitgestellt werden, die an beiden Seiten angeordnet sind, bezogen auf die Transportrichtung des Streifens, um zwei alternierende oder gepulste Magnetfelder (B', B") zu erzeugen, die gegensätzliche Richtungen aufweisen.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, worin die zwei Magnetspulen einen gemeinsamen Magnetfluss aufweisen, der das flache Metallprodukt zweimal in gegensätzlichen Richtungen kreuzt.
EP08762807.9A 2007-06-08 2008-06-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt Not-in-force EP2165000B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20071164 ITMI20071164A1 (it) 2007-06-08 2007-06-08 Metodo e dispositivo per il controllo dello spessore di rivestimento di un prodotto metallico piano
PCT/IB2008/001471 WO2008149217A2 (en) 2007-06-08 2008-06-09 Method and device for controlling the thickness of a coating on a flat metal product

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2165000A2 EP2165000A2 (de) 2010-03-24
EP2165000B1 true EP2165000B1 (de) 2014-07-30

Family

ID=38863069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08762807.9A Not-in-force EP2165000B1 (de) 2007-06-08 2008-06-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2165000B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101720360B (de)
IT (1) ITMI20071164A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008149217A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20111131A1 (it) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-22 Danieli Off Mecc Dispositivo di generazione di getto di gas per processi di rivestimento di nastri metallici
IT202000020626A1 (it) 2020-08-28 2022-02-28 Matricar Di Matricardi Luciano Dispositivo a gabbia di sicurezza e veicolo comprendente tale dispositivo
CN113118043B (zh) * 2021-03-10 2023-05-02 华奈克(武汉)汽车部件有限公司 一种点火线圈铁芯的表面涂层厚度检测装置
CN117187727B (zh) * 2023-09-11 2025-09-05 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 一种板材边部镀层厚度控制装置及方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4273800A (en) * 1977-11-24 1981-06-16 John Lysaght (Australia) Limited Coating mass control using magnetic field

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE341651B (de) * 1969-05-19 1972-01-10 Asea Ab
KR950000007B1 (ko) * 1991-06-25 1995-01-07 니홍고오깡가부시끼가이샤 용융도금의 강대상에 도포중량을 제어하기 위한 방법
JP2602757B2 (ja) * 1992-05-29 1997-04-23 新日本製鐵株式会社 薄目付け連続溶融メッキ法
BE1011059A6 (fr) * 1997-03-25 1999-04-06 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede de revetement d'une bande d'acier par galvanisation au trempe.
DE10255994A1 (de) * 2002-11-30 2004-06-09 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schmelztauchbeschichtung eines Metallstranges
SE527507C2 (sv) * 2004-07-13 2006-03-28 Abb Ab En anordning och ett förfarande för stabilisering av ett metalliskt föremål samt en användning av anordningen
SE528663C2 (sv) * 2005-06-03 2007-01-16 Abb Ab En anordning och ett förfarande för att belägga ett långsträckt metalliskt element med ett skikt av metall
SE529060C2 (sv) * 2005-06-30 2007-04-24 Abb Ab Anordning samt förfarande för tjockleksstyrning

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4273800A (en) * 1977-11-24 1981-06-16 John Lysaght (Australia) Limited Coating mass control using magnetic field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101720360A (zh) 2010-06-02
WO2008149217A3 (en) 2009-01-29
EP2165000A2 (de) 2010-03-24
CN101720360B (zh) 2011-12-28
WO2008149217A2 (en) 2008-12-11
ITMI20071164A1 (it) 2008-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6875530B2 (ja) コンパクトな連続焼き鈍し溶体化熱処理
KR101372765B1 (ko) 전자기 와이핑 장치와 이를 포함하는 도금강판 와이핑 장치
EP2165000B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt
EP2167697B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der dicke einer beschichtung auf einem flachen metallprodukt
WO2015094482A1 (en) Transverse flux strip heating dc edge saturation
RU2482213C2 (ru) Способ и устройство отжима жидкого металла покрытия на выходе бака для нанесения металлического покрытия погружением
KR20020063897A (ko) 전자기장을 이용하여 금속들을 수직 및 연속적으로주조하기 위한 방법 및 이를 위한 주조 장치
CN101720361B (zh) 用于控制平的金属制品上的涂层厚度的方法和装置
JP2602757B2 (ja) 薄目付け連続溶融メッキ法
JP5526677B2 (ja) 連続溶融金属めっきの付着量制御装置
JP2006131983A (ja) 連続溶融金属めっきの付着量制御方法および付着量制御装置
RU2313617C2 (ru) Устройство для нанесения покрытия на непрерывные металлические заготовки погружением в расплав
JP2619474B2 (ja) 高速薄目付溶融メッキ法
JP4867453B2 (ja) 連続溶融金属めっきの付着量制御装置
KR20100074418A (ko) 금속판재의 주석도금 공정처리용 리플로우 장비 및 방법
Chen et al. Design and Simulation of Three-Phase Electromagnetic Wiping Device for Steel Strips Hot-Dip Galvanizing
JPH0721567Y2 (ja) 溶融メッキ装置
JPS62103353A (ja) 薄目付溶融メツキ法
JP2530909Y2 (ja) 溶融めっきのエッジオーバーコート防止装置
WO2018155245A1 (ja) 連続溶融金属めっき処理装置及び該装置を用いた溶融金属めっき処理方法
JPH0913155A (ja) 溶融金属めっき鋼板の製造装置
JPS62205258A (ja) 溶融金属めつき装置
JPH02217454A (ja) 溶融めっき鋼板のエッジオーバーコート及び表面疵の防止方法
JPS62205259A (ja) 溶融金属めつき装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20100108

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: GUASTINI, FABIO

Inventor name: CODUTTI, ANDREA

Inventor name: POLONI, ALFREDO

Inventor name: PAVLICEVIC, MILORAD

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20101109

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140122

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 680045

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20140815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602008033593

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140911

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 680045

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141030

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141030

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141202

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602008033593

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150504

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20150609

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150609

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150609

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150609

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150630

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20080609

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20200520

Year of fee payment: 13

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20200519

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20200519

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602008033593

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210609