EP2186187A2 - Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone - Google Patents

Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone

Info

Publication number
EP2186187A2
EP2186187A2 EP08787143A EP08787143A EP2186187A2 EP 2186187 A2 EP2186187 A2 EP 2186187A2 EP 08787143 A EP08787143 A EP 08787143A EP 08787143 A EP08787143 A EP 08787143A EP 2186187 A2 EP2186187 A2 EP 2186187A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
asynchronous machine
braking
energy
sto
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08787143A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Zitzler
Dirk Hertz
Diethard Runggaldier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39111453&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2186187(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP08787143A priority Critical patent/EP2186187A2/fr
Publication of EP2186187A2 publication Critical patent/EP2186187A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an AC motor
    • H02P3/20—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an AC motor by reversal of phase sequence of connections to the motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an AC motor
    • H02P3/24—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an AC motor by applying DC to the motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the outlet control of an asynchronous machine.
  • Asynchronous machines are widely used for various drive purposes. When starting an asynchronous machine, it is of interest to limit the starting currents and the starting torque of the asynchronous or to increase slowly with increasing speed of the asynchronous machine. Such a soft start is of interest for various technical applications.
  • a soft start can be realized by a dosage of the electrical power supplied to the asynchronous machine. The regulation of the electrical power can be realized for example with a phase control.
  • Asynchronous machines can be used in particular for the drive of tools or machines with a high mass moment of inertia.
  • such machines may be planing machines, milling machines, circular saws, etc. in the woodworking industry.
  • efflux times between 10 seconds and 20 seconds are required.
  • the run-down time of the asynchronous machine should not be longer than the run-up time.
  • Frequency converters In order to achieve the required braking times, it is often necessary to realize the deceleration process using a frequency converter. Frequency converters, however, consume valuable space and are also expensive to purchase.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for the outlet control of an asynchronous machine, which is improved at least insofar as compared to the prior art, that with less technical effort an effective braking of the asynchronous machine is made possible.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of realizing the deceleration process in that a large part of the kinetic energy (rotational energy) of the current asynchronous machine is reduced by braking the asynchronous machine in the reverse mode. After the asynchronous machine has been decelerated in reversing mode, the remaining kinetic energy (rotational energy) present is reduced by DC braking of the asynchronous machine.
  • the phases are reversed, two of the three phases are interchanged with respect to the normal operation of the asynchronous machine. Such a reversal of the phases ensures that the stator of the asynchronous machine generates a magnetic rotating field. testifies, which has opposite to the current direction of rotation of the rotor opposite direction of rotation.
  • the energy is measured during startup of the asynchronous, which is spent until the asynchronous machine has reached its operating speed.
  • operating speed is to be understood as meaning a predetermined fixed speed desired for operation of the asynchronous machine; in particular, the operating speed may be the rated speed of the asynchronous machine. Accordingly, during a subsequent braking operation of the asynchronous machine in reverse operation, an electrical energy is supplied which is less than or equal to that energy which was used to start the asynchronous machine. In this way it can be avoided that the asynchronous machine goes into reverse operation at the end of the reversing operation.
  • the asynchronous machine After the asynchronous machine has been decelerated in reversing mode, it has a residual rotational speed (residual rotational energy) which is dissipated by DC braking. In this case, two of the three phases of the asynchronous machine are subjected to a rectified alternating current.
  • Asynchronous machine include the following steps:
  • Starting energy (E sta rt) determined and stored.
  • a deceleration of the asynchronous machine takes place in reversing mode with a braking energy (E stO p) which corresponds to the starting energy (E sta rt) multiplied by a correction factor ( ⁇ ), wherein the correction factor ( ⁇ ) assumes a value between 0 and 1.
  • a further braking of the asynchronous machine after braking in reversing mode is done by DC braking.
  • an asynchronous machine can be safely braked in a predetermined time.
  • an asynchronous machine that drives parts with high mass moments of inertia can be braked safely.
  • the method according to the invention for outfeed control of an asynchronous machine can still have the following features: -
  • the correction factor can be between 0.5 and 0.8 (0.5 ⁇ ⁇ 0.8).
  • a correction factor ( ⁇ ) with a value between 0.5 and 0.8 takes into account the friction losses that typically occur in an asynchronous machine. It is therefore particularly advantageous to select the correction factor ( ⁇ ) from the aforementioned interval.
  • DC braking can be stopped after a specified period of time. Termination of DC braking after a specified period of time prevents unnecessarily long DC braking. In particular, the DC braking can be aborted after such a period of time after which the asynchronous machine has very probably come to a complete stop.
  • DC braking can be aborted on the basis of the detection of a current increase in the motor current during the DC braking process.
  • the detected current increase in the motor current allows a simple detection for the standstill of the asynchronous machine. In this way it can be ensured that the DC braking is stopped only after the complete standstill of the asynchronous machine.
  • the asynchronous machine can during startup from standstill to operating speed or a desired
  • the asynchronous machine can be connected to the power source via a control unit and a reversing contactor.
  • the asynchronous machine can be disconnected from the power supply by the control unit.
  • the electrical connection can be switched from the mains contactor to the reversing contactor, then the asynchronous machine can be braked in reversing mode, controlled by the control unit, with a phase-gapped and slowly rising motor current.
  • the determination of the value of the starting energy (E sta rt) can be done by integrating the air gap power (P LSP ) over the start time (t s tart) of the asynchronous machine.
  • the value of the starting energy (E sta rt) can be determined by summing the air gap power (P LS P) over the number of network periods (L sta rt) for starting the asynchronous machine.
  • the above-described determination of the value of the starting energy (E s tart) is particularly simple, effective and accurate.
  • the determination of the braking energy (E stO p) can be done by integrating the air gap power (P LS P) over the stop time (E stO p) of the asynchronous machine.
  • the determination of the braking energy (E stO p) by summation of the air gap power (PL S P) over the number of network periods (L stO p) for braking the asynchronous machine.
  • the above- described determination of the braking energy (E stO p) is particularly simple, effective and accurate.
  • Fig. 1 shows an asynchronous machine with a device for discontinuity control
  • Fig. 2 current waveforms on the asynchronous during the start-up phase and the deceleration phase of the asynchronous machine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 100 for the outlet control of an asynchronous machine 101.
  • the device 100 for outlet control comprises a control device 102, a network contactor 103 and a reversing contactor 104.
  • the network contactor 103 can be connected on the input side to a current source 105 or connected.
  • the mains contactor 103 is connected to the control unit 102, which in turn is connected to the asynchronous machine 101.
  • the reversing contactor 104 which the Mains contactor 103 bridged, the input side of the power source 104 can be connected or connected, on the output side, the reversing contactor is also connected to the control unit 102.
  • the mains contactor 103 and the reversing contactor 105 are connected via control lines 106 to the control unit 102.
  • the mains contactor 103 and the reversing contactor 104 can be switched by the control unit 102.
  • the control unit 102 may in particular have the function of a soft starter.
  • soft starters both the starting currents and the starting torques of the asynchronous machine 101 can be limited.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 can be raised slowly from standstill to a desired operating speed, in particular the rated speed.
  • Such a soft starter can work in particular according to the principle of phase control.
  • the controller 102 is also adapted to measure and store an electrical starting energy (E sta rt).
  • Next ⁇ out is adapted to control a DC braking operation for the asynchronous machine 101, the control unit 102nd
  • two of the three poles of the asynchronous machine 101 are subjected to a rectified alternating current. In order to realize a smooth onset of DC braking, this can be controlled in the manner of a phase control.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 can be used in particular for driving tools or machines with high mass moments of inertia.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 can drive a planing machine, milling cutter or circular saw in the woodworking industry.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 is connected during startup via the power contactor 103 and the controller 102 to the power source 105. While the asynchronous machine is accelerated to its operating speed 101 of the asynchronous machine 101 is added electric start energy (E sta rt) gemes ⁇ sen and stored. The measurement and storage of the starting energy (E s tart) is carried out with the aid of the control unit 102. The starting energy (E sta rt) is calculated as the integral of the air-gap power P LS p supplied to the asynchronous machine 101 over the starting time (t sta rt) (see Equation 1).
  • the air gap power (P LSP ) is taken as the value of the mechanical power is not easily accessible to a measurement. There is a difference between the electrical power and the mechanical power caused by various losses. Friction losses as well as ohmic and inductive losses in the stator and rotor of the asynchronous machine contribute to the losses. Since the stator losses are generally known, the power in the air gap between stator and rotor (air gap power, P LSP ) is well calculated, and is therefore used as a reference in the following.
  • the air gap power (P LSP ) supplied to the asynchronous machine 101 is thus calculated as the difference between the electrical power (P e i) supplied to the A synchronous machine 101 minus the power loss (P v ) in the stator of the asynchronous machine 101 (cf. Equation 2).
  • Equation 3 represents the calculation of the air gap power (P LSP ), wherein the electrical power (P e i) and the power loss (P v ) at the stator of the asynchronous machine 101 are summed over a network period.
  • S p denotes the number of samples per network period.
  • the starting energy (E sta rt) can be summed over the number of network periods (L start ) for starting the asynchronous machine 101 (see Equation 4).
  • the value determined for the starting energy (E star t) is stored by the control unit 102.
  • control unit 102 Before the actual braking of the asynchronous machine 101, this is separated by the control unit 102 from the electric power supply. This can be realized for example by a thyristor, which is controlled by the controller 102. Subsequently, the electrical connection between the control unit 102 and the three-phase current source 104 is switched from the mains contactor 103 to the reversing contactor 105. After switching, the reversing contactor 105 bridges the mains contactor 103.
  • Equation 5 indicates an analogous possibility for determining the braking energy (E stO p).
  • the braking energy (E sto p) would be equal to the start ⁇ energy (E s tart) • In this case, the Asynchronmaschi ⁇ ne 101 would remain on the point exactly in reverse at the end of the braking process.
  • the required braking energy (E stO p) is not equal to the starting energy (E sta rt).
  • the braking energy (E stO p) used to brake the asynchronous machine 101 is therefore calculated according to formula 6.
  • the starting energy (E s tart) is applied with a factor between 0 and 1 ideally with a factor between or equal to 0.5 and 0.8 (0 ⁇ ⁇ 1, 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.8).
  • an optimal range or an optimal value for ⁇ can be determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows the time profiles of the starting energy (E s tart) / the starting current (I s tart) and the phase angle ( ⁇ s tart) as a function of time t.
  • the values of the above prior ⁇ sizes are shown in Fig. 2 in arbitrary units against time t.
  • the phase angle is ( ⁇ s tart), controlled by the control unit 102 so-that the motor current (I s tart) during Startpha ⁇ se 201 slowly up to a predetermined limit value increases.
  • a predetermined limit value increases.
  • such a value which can be seen in FIG. 2 by a plateau in the motor current (I sta r t ) is 3-5 times the rated load of the asynchronous machine 101.
  • the phase angle ( ⁇ s tart) decreases to zero, and the motor current (I s tart) he ⁇ reaches a plateau value (I N ) at which the asynchronous machine 101 is operated at operating speed.
  • the asynchronous machine can also be started by a linear phase-angle ramp, in which case the motor current is not limited to a fixed plateau value. The same applies to any braking of the machine.
  • the asynchronous machine can always be started as well as braked with both possible methods, that is, a limitation of the motor current to a predetermined value and a linear phase gating ramp.
  • the control unit 102 continuously measures the energy used to accelerate the asynchronous machine 101 up to the operating speed.
  • the accumulated or integrated maximum value of the starting energy (E sta rt) is stored by the control unit 102 after reaching the operating speed of the asynchronous machine 101.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 To decelerate the asynchronous machine 101, it is first disconnected from the power source 105 by the control unit 102. After switching over the connection between the power source 105 and the control unit 102 from the mains contactor 103 to the reversing contactor 104, the asynchronous machine 101 is acted upon in reverse operation with a slowly increasing motor current (I stop).
  • I stop motor current
  • the Phasenan ⁇ section (cpstop) for example, regulated so that the motor ⁇ current (I stop) during the time 203 of the reversing slowly increases to about 3-5 times the value of the rated load capacity of the asynchronous machine 101.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 is supplied with an electrical energy (E stO p) which is lower than the starting energy (E sta rt).
  • the asynchronous machine 101 is subjected in particular to a braking energy (Egtop) 50% to 80% of the starting energy (E star t) corresponds.
  • ⁇ is approximately between 0.5 and 0.8.
  • the asynchronous machine 101 After the reversing operation has ended, the asynchronous machine 101 has a residual kinetic energy in the form of a residual rotational speed. For this reason, in the ideal case, a DC braking phase 204 seamlessly follows the reversing operation.
  • DC braking two phases of the asynchronous machine 101 are subjected to a rectified AC voltage.
  • the phase angle ( ⁇ D c) is reduced from an initially high value to a preset value, in extreme cases Fall down to 0 down.
  • the braking current (I DC ) which is applied to the asynchronous machine 101 increases slowly.
  • Braking current (I DC ) has an increase 205 when the asynchronous machine 101 is at a standstill. On the basis of the increase 205 in the DC braking current (I DC ) applied to the asynchronous machine 101, the standstill of the asynchronous machine 101 can be detected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
EP08787143A 2007-09-03 2008-08-12 Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone Withdrawn EP2186187A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08787143A EP2186187A2 (fr) 2007-09-03 2008-08-12 Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07017244A EP2031747B1 (fr) 2007-09-03 2007-09-03 Procédé de commande de sortie d'une machine asynchrone
EP08787143A EP2186187A2 (fr) 2007-09-03 2008-08-12 Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone
PCT/EP2008/060588 WO2009030584A2 (fr) 2007-09-03 2008-08-12 Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2186187A2 true EP2186187A2 (fr) 2010-05-19

Family

ID=39111453

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07017244A Active EP2031747B1 (fr) 2007-09-03 2007-09-03 Procédé de commande de sortie d'une machine asynchrone
EP08787143A Withdrawn EP2186187A2 (fr) 2007-09-03 2008-08-12 Procédé pour commander l'arrêt d'une machine asynchrone

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07017244A Active EP2031747B1 (fr) 2007-09-03 2007-09-03 Procédé de commande de sortie d'une machine asynchrone

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8466640B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2031747B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101796714B (fr)
AT (1) ATE504973T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0816358B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007006888D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2360424T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009030584A2 (fr)

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RU2468496C1 (ru) * 2011-08-08 2012-11-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский государственный университет печати имени Ивана Фёдорова (МГУП имени Ивана Федорова) Способ оптимального торможения асинхронного двигателя с короткозамкнутым ротором
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007006888D1 (de) 2011-05-19
BRPI0816358B1 (pt) 2023-01-17
WO2009030584A2 (fr) 2009-03-12
EP2031747A1 (fr) 2009-03-04
EP2031747B1 (fr) 2011-04-06
ES2360424T3 (es) 2011-06-03
US8466640B2 (en) 2013-06-18
BRPI0816358A2 (pt) 2015-02-24
CN101796714A (zh) 2010-08-04
US20100207554A1 (en) 2010-08-19
ATE504973T1 (de) 2011-04-15
WO2009030584A3 (fr) 2009-08-27
CN101796714B (zh) 2012-07-18

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