EP2188499A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung der wärmeenergie einer niedertemperatur-wärmequelle in mechanische energie - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung der wärmeenergie einer niedertemperatur-wärmequelle in mechanische energieInfo
- Publication number
- EP2188499A2 EP2188499A2 EP07822436A EP07822436A EP2188499A2 EP 2188499 A2 EP2188499 A2 EP 2188499A2 EP 07822436 A EP07822436 A EP 07822436A EP 07822436 A EP07822436 A EP 07822436A EP 2188499 A2 EP2188499 A2 EP 2188499A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- working fluid
- liquid
- phase
- condenser
- mechanical energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/04—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid being in different phases, e.g. foamed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/02—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid remaining in the liquid phase
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for converting the heat energy of a low-temperature source into mechanical energy according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and claim 5, respectively.
- a method and device are known e.g. known from US 7,093,503 Bl.
- a liquid working medium in a circuit known from US Pat. No. 7,093,503 B1, in a first step, a liquid working medium is brought to an elevated pressure by means of a pump. In a second step, the pressure-increased, liquid working medium is heated in a heat exchanger by heat transfer from a low-temperature source, without it being evaporated. In a third step, the heated, liquid working fluid is expanded in a two-phase turbine, wherein partial evaporation of the working fluid produces a relaxed, partially evaporated working fluid having a liquid and a vaporous phase and thermal energy of the working fluid is converted into mechanical energy.
- the two-phase turbine has nozzles directly at its inlet, in which the working medium is expanded by an increase in volume from a higher inlet pressure to a lower outlet pressure, as a result of which the working medium is partially vaporized.
- the resulting water-steam jet is directed to turbine blades of the turbine, which converts the kinetic energy of the water-steam jet into mechanical energy of a rotor shaft.
- the rotor shaft is in turn connected to a generator, which converts the mechanical energy of the rotor shaft into electrical energy.
- a T-s diagram shown in FIG. 2 illustrates the circular process taking place in the process.
- SL denotes the boiling line
- TL the tau line
- K the critical point of the working medium.
- the working fluid is heated along the boiling line SL from point A to point B in the vicinity of the critical point K, relaxed from point B to point C with partial evaporation and condensed from point C to point A.
- the inventive method provides that in the relaxed, partially vaporized working fluid immediately before the condenser, the liquid phase is separated from the vapor phase. Only the vapor phase is fed to the condenser for condensation.
- the condensed vapor (ie, then liquid) phase and the separated liquid phase are after the condenser, but before the step 1, ie increasing the pressure of the liquid working fluid to Generation of the liquid working fluid brought together.
- the liquid phase is thus conducted past the condenser, whereby erosion of the condenser can be prevented.
- the size of droplets of the liquid phase in the vaporous phase of the working fluid after the expansion depends on the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser. The higher the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser and thus at the outlet of the expansion device, the smaller the droplets. The smaller the droplets, the less the risk of erosion from the droplets. On the other hand, however, with increasing pressure of the working fluid in the condenser and at the outlet of the expansion device, the mechanical energy that can be generated by the conversion of heat energy by the expansion device decreases.
- the merging of the condensed vapor (ie, then liquid) phase and the (separated) liquid phase takes place in a working fluid reservoir. Since such a memory is present in many circuits anyway, can be dispensed with an additional component for the merger of the two phases.
- the device according to the invention has a separator for separating the liquid phase from the vaporous phase of the expanded, partially vaporized working fluid, wherein the separator is arranged in the flow direction of the working fluid immediately in front of the condenser. Merging serves to bring together the (separated) liquid phase and the condensed vapor (i.e., liquid) phase of the expanded, partially vaporized working fluid, the merging being upstream of the pump in the flow direction of the working fluid.
- the separator is connected to the condenser for supplying the vapor phase to the condenser.
- the merging is connected to the separator for feeding the (separated) liquid phase to the merger and to the condenser for feeding the condensed vapor (i.e., then liquid) phase to the merger.
- the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser is adjustable to an optimum between the smallest possible size of droplets of the liquid phase in the vapor phase of the working fluid and the largest possible producible mechanical energy in the expansion device.
- the merge is designed as a working fluid store.
- Working means arranged successively a nozzle and a turbine.
- the working fluid can be expanded by an increase in volume from a higher inlet pressure to a lower outlet pressure, whereby the working medium is partially evaporated.
- the resulting water-steam jet can then be directed to the turbine blades of the turbine, by which the kinetic energy of the water vapor jet is converted into mechanical energy of a rotor shaft.
- a plurality of nozzles may be arranged, which can be flowed through in parallel by the working medium.
- the nozzle and the turbine can also form a single structural unit, i. the nozzles are located directly at the entrance of the turbine.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit of a device according to the invention in a simplified, schematic representation
- FIG. 2 shows a T-s diagram of a known from the prior art circuit with a heating (without evaporation) of a working fluid through a low-temperature source.
- a device 1 for converting the heat energy of a low-temperature heat source into mechanical energy comprises a thermodynamic cycle in which Flow direction of a working fluid sequentially a heat exchanger 2, a relaxation device 3, a separator 7, a capacitor 8, a working fluid reservoir in the form of a condensate tank 9 and a pump 10 are arranged.
- the low-temperature heat source is a heat source with a temperature of less than 400 0 C.
- heat sources are geothermal sources (hot thermal water), industrial waste heat sources (eg waste heat from steel, glass or cement industry) and solar energy.
- a cooling liquid of the type R134 and temperatures of more than 300 0 C is for example a cooling liquid of the type R245 used.
- the pump 10 serves to pump the liquid working fluid to an elevated pressure.
- the heat exchanger 2 serves to heat the pressure-increased liquid working fluid of the circuit by transferring heat from the low-temperature heat source 20 to the working fluid without evaporation of the working fluid, i. the working agent is only heated in the heat exchanger 2 and not evaporated.
- the heat exchanger is for this purpose on its primary side of the low-temperature heat source 20, e.g. a hot geothermal water, and flows through on its secondary side of the pressure-increased working fluid.
- a line 11 connects the secondary side of the heat exchanger 2 with the
- Expansion device 3 The working fluid continues to exist as a liquid at the second-side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 when it enters the line 11.
- the expansion device 3 is used to relax the heated liquid working fluid, wherein in the expansion device 3 by partial evaporation of the heated liquid working fluid a relaxed, partially evaporated Working fluid having a liquid and a vapor phase can be generated and heat energy of the heated liquid working fluid into mechanical energy is convertible.
- the expansion device 3 comprises a nozzle 4 and a turbine 5, which are arranged consecutively in the direction of flow of the working medium.
- the nozzle and the turbine can in this case form a single constructional unit, ie the nozzle 4 is arranged directly at the inlet of the turbine 5.
- a plurality of nozzles 4 can be arranged at the input of the turbine 5, for example in a ring configuration, which can be flowed through in parallel by the working medium.
- the turbine 5 is connected on the output side via a line 12 to the separator 7.
- the separator 7 is used to separate the liquid phase from the vapor phase of the working medium partially evaporated in the expansion device 3.
- the separator 7 is arranged in the flow direction of the working fluid immediately in front of the condenser 8 and via a line 13 to the condenser 8 for supplying the vaporous phase to the condenser 8 and via a line 14 to the condensate tank 9 for supplying the liquid phase to the condensate tank 9 connected.
- the condenser 8 is used to generate the liquid working fluid by condensation of the partially vaporized working fluid.
- the condensate tank 9 serves to bring together the liquid phase and the condensed vapor (ie, then liquid) phase of the partially vaporized working fluid.
- the condensate tank 9 is arranged in the flow direction of the working fluid after the condenser 8 and before the pump 10 and via a line 14 to the separator 7 for supplying the liquid phase and via a line 15 to the condenser 8 for supplying the condensed vapor phase to the condensate tank 9 connected.
- liquid working fluid is brought from the condensate tank 9 by the pump 10 to an elevated pressure and pumped into the heat exchanger 2.
- the pressure-increased, liquid working fluid in the heat exchanger 2 is heated by transferring heat from the heat exchanger 2 on the primary side flowing through low-temperature heat source 20 to the working fluid without it being evaporated.
- the heated, liquid working fluid is expanded in the expansion device 3, wherein the working fluid is partially evaporated and its heat energy is converted into mechanical energy.
- the expansion device 3 thus a relaxed, partially vaporized working fluid is generated with a liquid and a vapor phase.
- the heated, liquid working medium supplied via the line 11 of the nozzle 4 is expanded in the nozzle 4 and thereby partially evaporated.
- the kinetic energy of the resulting water-steam jet is converted in the turbine 5 into mechanical energy of a rotor shaft and thus a generator 6 is driven, which in turn converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
- the relaxed, partially vaporized working fluid in the form of a two-phase mixture (vapor / liquid) produced in the third step and leaving the turbine 5 is fed via a line 12 to the separator 7 by separating the vaporous phase from the liquid phase of the two-phase mixture becomes.
- the vaporous phase is fed via the line 13 to the condenser 8.
- the vaporous phase is condensed by cooling, for example by direct cooling, air cooling, hybrid cooling or water cooling, and the condensed vapor (ie then liquid) phase is fed via the line 15 to the condensate tank 9.
- the separated liquid phase passes via the line 14 past the condenser 8 and is then brought together in the condensate tank 9 with the condensed vapor (i.e., then liquid) phase before, but before, the pump 10 and thus before the first step.
- Liquid working fluid from the condensate tank 9 is brought by means of the pump 10 to increased pressure and pumped into the heat exchanger 2, whereby the circuit is closed.
- the pressure of the working fluid in the condenser 8 is set in this case to an optimum between the smallest possible size of droplets of the liquid phase in the vaporous phase of the working fluid and the largest possible generated mechanical energy in the third step. As a result, an erosion of the capacitor can be further reduced.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007041457A DE102007041457B4 (de) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung der Wärmeenergie einer Niedertemperatur-Wärmequelle in mechanische Energie |
| PCT/EP2007/062147 WO2009030283A2 (de) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-11-09 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung der wärmeenergie einer niedertemperatur-wärmequelle in mechanische energie |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2188499A2 true EP2188499A2 (de) | 2010-05-26 |
| EP2188499B1 EP2188499B1 (de) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=40299049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07822436.7A Active EP2188499B1 (de) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-11-09 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung der wärmeenergie einer niedertemperatur-wärmequelle in mechanische energie |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100269503A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2188499B1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101398312B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101842557B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2007358567B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007041457B4 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2608955T3 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2485331C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009030283A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5502153B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-05-28 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料供給装置 |
| BE1023904B1 (nl) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Atlas Copco Airpower Naamloze Vennootschap | ORC voor het omvormen van afvalwarmte van een warmtebron in mechanische energie en compressorinstallatie die gebruik maakt van een dergelijke ORC. |
| US20170241297A1 (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-08-24 | Double Arrow Engineering | Waste thermal energy recovery device |
| JP6762374B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-29 | 2020-09-30 | スピラックス‐サルコ リミテッド | ポンプ装置 |
| CN107060927A (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 翁志远 | 余热回收利用系统及其方法和发电站 |
| GB2567858B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2022-08-03 | Spirax Sarco Ltd | Heat engine |
| NO20180312A1 (no) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-08-29 | Entromission As | Metode for å utvinne mekanisk energi fra termisk energi |
| US20210222592A1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-07-22 | 21Tdmc Group Oy | Method and apparatus for converting heat energy to mechanical energy |
| DE102021102803B4 (de) | 2021-02-07 | 2024-06-13 | Kristian Roßberg | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Umwandlung von Niedertemperaturwärme in technisch nutzbare Energie |
| US11359576B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-06-14 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source |
| US11421663B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-08-23 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic Rankine cycle operation |
| US11486370B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-11-01 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations |
| US11493029B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-11-08 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
| US11293414B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-04-05 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic rankine cycle operation |
| US11592009B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2023-02-28 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
| US12312981B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2025-05-27 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source |
| US11480074B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-25 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source |
| US11644015B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2023-05-09 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
| US11280322B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-22 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature |
| DE102021108558B4 (de) | 2021-04-06 | 2023-04-27 | Kristian Roßberg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von Niedertemperaturwärme in technisch nutzbare Energie |
| WO2023092433A1 (zh) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-06-01 | 任湘军 | 一种将低(常)温介质中的内能转换为机械能的装置 |
| EP4303407B1 (de) | 2022-07-09 | 2024-11-27 | Kristian Roßberg | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur umwandlung von niedertemperaturwärme in technisch nutzbare mechanische energie |
| EP4306775B1 (de) | 2022-07-11 | 2024-08-14 | Kristian Roßberg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur umwandlung von niedertemperaturwärme in technisch nutzbare mechanische energie |
| US12534990B2 (en) | 2022-12-29 | 2026-01-27 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Power generation assemblies for hydraulic fracturing systems and methods |
| US12180861B1 (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2024-12-31 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods to utilize heat carriers in conversion of thermal energy |
| WO2025087533A1 (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2025-05-01 | Allto Energy As | Method of handling energy, and energy handling system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3401277A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1968-09-10 | United Aircraft Corp | Two-phase fluid power generator with no moving parts |
| US3908381A (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1975-09-30 | Sperry Rand Corp | Geothermal energy conversion system for maximum energy extraction |
| GB1532850A (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1978-11-22 | Romanov V | Axial-flow reversible turbine |
| US4272961A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1981-06-16 | Occidental Research Corporation | Recovery of energy from geothermal brine and other aqueous sources |
| SU781373A1 (ru) * | 1978-12-14 | 1980-11-23 | Государственный Научно-Исследовательский Энергетический Институт Им.Г.М.Кржижановского | Энергетическа установка |
| US4732005A (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-03-22 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Direct fired power cycle |
| WO1990008882A1 (fr) | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-09 | Tselevoi Nauchno-Tekhnichesky Kooperativ 'stimer' | Procede de conversion de l'energie thermique d'un milieu de travail en energie mecanique dans une installation a vapeur |
| US5925291A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1999-07-20 | Midwest Research Institute | Method and apparatus for high-efficiency direct contact condensation |
| US6775993B2 (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-08-17 | Dube Serge | High-speed defrost refrigeration system |
| GB0322507D0 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2003-10-29 | Univ City | Deriving power from low temperature heat source |
| EP1624269A3 (de) * | 2003-10-02 | 2006-03-08 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Kühlungsregelungsvorrichtung für Kondensator |
| DE10361203A1 (de) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-21 | Erwin Dr. Oser | Niederdruck-Entspannungsmotor mit Energierückführung |
| WO2005066465A1 (de) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-21 | Erwin Oser | Verfahren und anlage zur umwandlung von wärmeenergie aus kältemaschinen |
| DE10361223A1 (de) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-21 | Erwin Dr. Oser | Niederdruck-Entspannungsmotor mit Treibdampftrennung mittels extraktiver Rektifikation |
| CA2562836C (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2010-03-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for executing a thermodynamic cycle process |
| US7093503B1 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2006-08-22 | Energent Corporation | Variable phase turbine |
| GB0511864D0 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2005-07-20 | Univ City | Expander lubrication in vapour power systems |
| GB2436129A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-19 | Univ City | Vapour power system |
-
2007
- 2007-08-31 DE DE102007041457A patent/DE102007041457B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-09 EP EP07822436.7A patent/EP2188499B1/de active Active
- 2007-11-09 RU RU2010112391/06A patent/RU2485331C2/ru active
- 2007-11-09 AU AU2007358567A patent/AU2007358567B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-11-09 KR KR1020107006997A patent/KR101398312B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-09 CN CN2007801012911A patent/CN101842557B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-09 US US12/675,808 patent/US20100269503A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-09 WO PCT/EP2007/062147 patent/WO2009030283A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-11-09 ES ES07822436.7T patent/ES2608955T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009030283A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2010112391A (ru) | 2011-10-10 |
| DE102007041457B4 (de) | 2009-09-10 |
| WO2009030283A3 (de) | 2010-03-18 |
| EP2188499B1 (de) | 2016-09-28 |
| ES2608955T3 (es) | 2017-04-17 |
| DE102007041457A1 (de) | 2009-03-05 |
| KR101398312B1 (ko) | 2014-05-27 |
| AU2007358567A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
| CN101842557A (zh) | 2010-09-22 |
| KR20100074167A (ko) | 2010-07-01 |
| WO2009030283A2 (de) | 2009-03-12 |
| CN101842557B (zh) | 2013-09-04 |
| US20100269503A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| RU2485331C2 (ru) | 2013-06-20 |
| AU2007358567B2 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
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