Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
  • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
  • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
  • C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
  • C22C47/064—Winding wires
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
  • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
  • C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
  • C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
  • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
  • C22C49/04—Light metals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
  • Y10T29/49982—Coating
  • Y10T29/49986—Subsequent to metal working
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a mechanical part comprising an insert of composite material of the type consisting of ceramic fibers in a metal matrix, as well as a method of manufacturing this mechanical part and a winding device designed for implementing the manufacturing process. .
• the invention applies to any type of mechanical part whose function is to transmit a traction force and / or compression mainly unidirectional.
• some mechanical parts may comprise an insert made of composite material with a metal matrix, such parts being able to be monobloc.
• a composite material comprises a matrix of metal alloy, for example titanium alloy Ti, within which fibers extend, for example ceramic fibers of SiC silicon carbide.
• Such fibers have a much higher tensile and compressive strength than titanium. It is therefore mainly the fibers that take up the efforts, the metal alloy matrix ensuring a binder function with the rest of the part, as well as protection and insulation of the fibers, which must not come into contact with each other. others.
• the ceramic fibers are resistant to erosion, but must necessarily be reinforced with metal.
• the composite materials as described above are known to be used, in the aeronautical field, for the manufacture of disks, shafts, bodies of jacks, housings, spacers or as reinforcements of single-piece parts such as blades.
• a technique for manufacturing these parts is described in document FR 2886290, representative of the technological background of the invention, in which one of the essential manufacturing steps consists in winding a beam or a sheet of threads coated around a piece of circular revolution perpendicular to the axis of rotation thereof.
• the described parts thus obtained are of circular type and are particularly suitable for producing circular parts such as shafts, cylinder bodies, housings or discs.
• connecting rods essentially oblong shape, whose function is to transmit a tensile force and / or unidirectional compression.
• the invention particularly relates to a method of manufacturing a mechanical part comprising at least one composite material insert of the type consisting of ceramic fibers in a metal matrix capable of transmitting tensile forces and / or unidirectional compression between its ends .
• the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a mechanical part comprising at least one insert made of metal matrix composite material within which ceramic fibers extend, the composite material insert being obtained from a plurality of coated wires each having a ceramic fiber coated with a metallic sheath, the method comprising the manufacture of at least one insert with a step of winding a bundle or a bonded layer of wires coated around a piece of revolution.
• at least part of the winding is carried out in a rectilinear direction.
• the mechanical part thus obtained for example a connecting rod, advantageously makes it possible to transmit unidirectional traction and / or compression forces.
• the invention also relates to a winding device specially designed for implementing the manufacturing method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of an example of a mechanical part according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of an exemplary winding device according to the invention
• FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of an example of an insert obtained according to the manufacturing method of the invention.
• Fig. 4 shows an example of an insert, container for receiving and a metal cover for sealingly covering the container and the insert;
• FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of an example of a mechanical part obtained according to the manufacturing method of the invention
• FIG. 6 represents a variant of the manufacturing method of the invention
• FIG. 7 represents a sectional view of another example of a mechanical part obtained according to the variant of the manufacturing method of the invention.
• FIG. 8 represents a perspective view of the example of a mechanical part obtained according to the variant of the manufacturing method of the invention.
• FIG. 1 represents an example of a mechanical part such as a rod 1 whose shape is generally oblong, that is to say of elongated shape. It has two ends 13 and 14.
• the function of a connecting rod 1 is to transmit a movement, and / or tensile forces T and / or compression C, between two parts articulated at its ends along parallel axes Z1 and Z2 .
• the connecting rod 1 has at each of its ends 13 and 14 a cylindrical recess 11 or 12 whose axes correspond to the parallel axes Z1 and Z2.
• This type of rod 1 can be used, for example, in the design of the undercarriages or in that of turbomachines comprising rods for taking up thrust force.
• FIG. 2 represents an example of a winding device 20 according to the invention.
• the winding device 20 is particularly suitable for producing an insert for a mechanical part such as a connecting rod.
• This winding device 20 comprises a hollow part of revolution 2 hollow oblong playing the role of mandrel and two flanges 21 and 22 oblong and substantially identical.
• the piece of revolution 2 has a geometry of revolution, that is to say a geometry describing a closed structure most often curved.
• the dimensions of the flanges 21 and 22 are greater than the dimensions of the part of revolution 2 so that the periphery 27 of each flange 21 and 22 extends beyond the periphery of the part of revolution 2.
• the piece of revolution 2 is sandwiched between the flanges 21 and 22.
• the son 32 are wound on the part of revolution 2 when the winding device 20 is rotated along the winding axis Z.
• the flanges 21 and 22 retain axially the son coatings 32 and guide them.
• the winding device 20 belongs to an assembly forming a winding system.
• the winding system further comprises means for rotating the winding device 20 and means for providing a bundle or a bonded sheet of coated threads 32.
• the piece of revolution 2 comprises two rectilinear winding portions
• These rectilinear winding portions 24 are oriented perpendicularly to the winding axis Z.
• the winding of the coated wires 32 is carried out perpendicularly to the winding axis Z, in other words, the coated wires 32 are substantially oriented perpendicularly to the winding axis Z.
• these rectilinear winding portions 24 are parallel and interposed between two circular portions.
• the part of revolution 2 it is possible to vary the dimensions of the part of revolution 2, in particular its thickness in the axial direction Z, the length of the rectilinear winding portions 24 and the radius of curvature of the circular pieces 25, depending on the dimensions of the desired insert 3.
• the circular pieces 25 may also have different radii.
• the portions of rectilinear windings 24 may not be parallel.
• the winding around the part of revolution 2 having rectilinear winding portions 24 makes it possible to generate in a short time an insert 3 comprising at least one rectilinear generatrix constituted by a large number of parallel and unidirectional coiled wires 32.
• the insert 3 once wound, can be removed from the winding device 20 by separating the flanges 21 and 22 from one another.
• the shape of the insert 3 thus formed must be fixed to prevent the son 32 lose their orientation. Several techniques can be implemented for this purpose.
• a first technique for maintaining the shape of the insert 3 consists in providing, at the beginning of winding, a step of winding a first metal foil for hooking up the inner part of the insert 3 and, at the end of winding, a step of winding a second metal foil 28 for hooking the outer part of the insert 3.
• the first metallic foil constitutes the part of revolution 2.
• the coated wires 32 are thus between the foils 2 and 28, as shown in FIG.
• each flange 21 and 22 has notches 23 on its periphery 27.
• Each notch 23 of the flange 21 is disposed opposite a notch 23 of the flange 22, thus forming a pair of notches 23.
• Attaching the metal straps 31 is facilitated by the dimensions of the notches 23 extending inwardly of the flanges 21 and 22 to a depth d.
• the depth d of the notches 23 must be such that it is possible to access the hollow interior 29 of the part of revolution 2 which is arranged around a hub of the winding device 20, not visible in FIG. 2, comprising an alternation of notches and teeth, the notches of the hub being in phase with the notches 23 of the flanges 21 and 22.
• the depth d extends beyond the winding surface of the part of revolution 2.
• Each pair of notches 23 is intended to allow the attachment of a metal strap 31.
• the metal straps 31 are made of a metallic material identical to that of the container 4, described in connection with Figure 4, and the piece of revolution 2.
• the metal straps 31 are fixed around the insert 3 by a contact welding process.
• the metal straps 31 are arranged at regular intervals on the wound insert 3.
• insert 3 coiled and the metal straps 31 put in place, it can be removed from the winding device 20 by separating the flanges 21 and 22 from one another.
• An example of insert 3 thus obtained is shown in FIG. 3. It consists of a piece of revolution of oblong shape comprising two rectilinear and parallel portions 34 interposed between two circular portions 35.
• a second technique for maintaining the shape of the insert 3, which does not require the use of straps 31, consists in providing a part of revolution 2 forming an oblong mandrel comprising at least one radial flange, for example of L-shaped cross-section or in U, on which the wires 32 are wound.
• a bonded sheet of coated son 32 it is possible to secure it to the part of revolution 2 on which it is wound and to the sheet of the lower layer by means of a method by contact welding between two electrodes and passage of a medium frequency current.
• the wires 32 are thus welded as winding progresses so that, when the insert 3 is extracted from the winding device 20, it forms a part integral with the part of revolution 2.
• the insert 3 is then inserted into a container 4, as shown in FIG. 4.
• the container 4 comprises for this purpose a groove 41 of shape complementary to the insert 3 and in which the insert 3 is housed.
• the container 4 constitutes the preform of the metal alloy matrix, preferably titanium Ti.
• a lid 5 is attached to the container 4 by electron beam welding, evacuated, and then compacted by a hot isostatic compaction process.
• the assembly is then machined to obtain the final mechanical part 10: a connecting rod 10, shown in FIG. 5.
• the connecting rod 10, of identical shape to the connecting rod 1 of FIG. 1, further comprises an insert of composite material 3, with geometry of revolution, whose son 32 are partly oriented in a rectilinear direction.
• This rectilinear direction is perpendicular to the axes Z1 and Z2.
• This link 10 advantageously allows to transmit the unidirectional traction and / or compression forces.
• the rectilinear portions 34 of the inserts 3 comprise son all oriented in the same rectilinear direction.
• the invention applies to any type of mechanical part whose function is to transmit a traction force and / or compression mainly unidirectional and is therefore not limited only to connecting rods that are only an example of application.
• the mechanical part may be of more complex shape and comprise a plurality of inserts 3 each of which may be of geometry of revolution, that is to say a geometry describing a closed structure most often curved .
• the manufacturing method is modified by using a container 4 comprising, on either side of two of its opposite faces 42, grooves 41 intended to receive inserts 3.
• the mechanical part 110 obtained is that represented in FIG. 7 and thus comprises inserts 3.
• the inserts 3 are positioned on either side of a median plane P1 of the mechanical part 110. They are positioned in P2 planes and P3 forming an angle ⁇ not zero between them.
• Figure 8 shows, in perspective, a mechanical part 110 thus obtained.
• This mechanical part 110 may also include recesses 15 intended to reduce the mass.
• Such mechanical parts 10 or 110 are perfectly suitable for aeronautical applications, for example for undercarriages or for turbomachines intended for an aircraft.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=39537980

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (17)

• 2007
  • 2007-07-26 FR FR0705453A patent/FR2919283B1/fr active Active
• 2008
  • 2008-07-10 CN CN200880100598.4A patent/CN101999010B/zh active Active
  • 2008-07-10 JP JP2010517435A patent/JP2010534763A/ja active Pending
  • 2008-07-10 CA CA2694370A patent/CA2694370C/fr active Active
  • 2008-07-10 WO PCT/FR2008/001014 patent/WO2009034263A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-07-10 US US12/670,786 patent/US8920935B2/en active Active
  • 2008-07-10 EP EP08830741A patent/EP2191029B1/de active Active
  • 2008-07-10 RU RU2010107049/02A patent/RU2490355C2/ru active
  • 2008-07-10 BR BRPI0814322-6A2A patent/BRPI0814322A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2010
  • 2010-01-21 IL IL203453A patent/IL203453A/en not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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