EP2239752B2 - Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs - Google Patents

Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2239752B2
EP2239752B2 EP10158367.2A EP10158367A EP2239752B2 EP 2239752 B2 EP2239752 B2 EP 2239752B2 EP 10158367 A EP10158367 A EP 10158367A EP 2239752 B2 EP2239752 B2 EP 2239752B2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
switching
switching device
control system
memory
stored
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EP10158367.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2239752A1 (fr
EP2239752B1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Veil
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Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safe, decentralized switching device, which can be connected to a modular, fail-safe control system for switching an electrical load on and off safely via a bus, with at least one switching element that is subject to wear and is designed to carry out a switching process using a control signal generated by the control system to switch the electrical load.
  • the invention also relates to a modular fail-safe control system for switching an electrical load on and off safely, in particular an electrically driven machine, via at least one external switching device, with a control device for evaluating input signals and for generating a for the external switching device specific control signal depending on the evaluation.
  • Fail-safe control systems are used to safely evaluate the signal from a safety transmitter, for example an emergency stop switch, a protective door position switch, etc., and to control one or more safe output contacts of a switching device.
  • Actuators for example contactors, valves, motors, dangerous machine parts, for example saw blades, robotic arms, high-voltage equipment, etc., are then brought into a safe state via these switched output contacts.
  • PNOZ An example of a modular safety switching device with a modular, fail-safe control system and a safe switching device is given in DE 100 20 075 C2 disclosed.
  • Diagnosis is used in the context of the present application in the sense of the IEC 61508 series of standards.
  • diagnosis is understood to mean the use of automatic diagnostic checks to detect dangerous hardware failures in safety-related systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to further develop the switching device mentioned at the outset in such a way that better, and in particular more reliable, diagnosis is possible.
  • this object is achieved in that a device is provided for recording the number of switching operations carried out (recording device), which has a storage device for permanent, fail-safe storage of the recorded number.
  • the memory device is equipped with fail-safe memories, which also store the information "permanently", ie even when the operating voltage fails (non-volatile).
  • fail-safe is to be understood to mean that the memory may be defective, but this must be recognized in order to avoid misinterpretation of the memory content.
  • the solution according to the invention provides the user of a modular safety switching device with a means of carrying out a diagnosis of switching elements subject to wear on the basis of the stored, fail-safe number of switching operations carried out.
  • the fail-safe stored number of switching operations can be used to prevent them from being operated beyond the wear limits specified by the manufacturers.
  • a warning system based on the stored number of switching operations can also be implemented, for example, in order to inform the user in good time before the wear limit is reached and/or to switch to another operating mode in order to prevent safety-critical behavior if the switching element fails.
  • the detection device has a counter circuit which increments a counter reading, preferably by one, using a counting signal and stores this counter reading in the memory device.
  • the decentralized safe switching device has all the elements that are required to record the number of switching operations, namely a counter that can be incremented using a counting signal on the one hand, and the memory device already mentioned for storing the counter reading on the other. It is therefore not necessary for the central control system to deliver the meter reading and for this to be stored in a decentralized manner.
  • the counting signal is generated by the central control system and fed to the decentralized safe switching device, so that the counter can be incremented accordingly there.
  • the decentralized switching device it is even more preferred to equip the decentralized switching device with a device for detecting the control signal and generating a counting signal. In other words, this means that the decentralized safe switching device generates a counting signal based on the control signal supplied to it anyway for switching the switching element.
  • a means for error detection is assigned to the storage device in order to detect errors in the storage device.
  • Such a means has the task of checking, for example, whether the memory device is working in a fail-safe manner, that is to say, for example, that the individual memory cells required for storing are operational. Such a test can be carried out cyclically, for example.
  • the memory device is preferably equipped with two redundant memory elements.
  • This solution has the advantage that, in the event of faulty data storage, operation can be continued with the redundant data from the other storage element.
  • a fail-safe, high-availability, decentralized diagnosis is hereby possible.
  • the stored datum ie the number of switching operations
  • parity bits so that it can be recognized from this whether the datum is faulty.
  • a cyclic redundancy check could also be carried out, with a corresponding CRC value being stored together with the corresponding data.
  • the switching device has a means for reading out the stored number of switching operations and for transmitting the number read out to the control system.
  • a modular, failsafe control system of the type mentioned at the outset in that a diagnostic parameter storage device designed to be failsafe is provided for storing predeterminable switching operation threshold values for the at least one switching device, and a diagnostic data analysis device is provided, which are designed to compare the number of switching operations read from a switching device with the stored threshold values and to initiate an action depending on this.
  • diagnosis leads to the result that, for example, a switching element of a switching device will soon reach the wear limit
  • the control system can trigger a specific action.
  • such an action can be understood as the output of a warning that the wear limit will soon be reached and, for example, that the switching element will need to be replaced.
  • Another action could be to switch to a restricted operation, in which case, for example, only a reduced speed of the machine is permitted or normal operation is only permitted for a limited period of time.
  • Another action could be to take the security system to the safe state and stop the operation.
  • FIGURE shows the structure of a safety switching device in the form of a schematic block circuit diagram, only the components required for the invention being shown.
  • a safety switching device is shown as a block circuit diagram and identified by reference number 10 .
  • reference number 10 For reasons of clarity, only the assemblies required to explain the invention are shown in this block diagram.
  • PNOZmulti the safety switching device "PNOZmulti" or "PSSu”.
  • the safety switching device 10 is generally used to connect a consumer 12, for example an electric motor, to a power supply 14 or to separate it.
  • the load 12 is disconnected from the power supply 14 with the aid of the safety switching device 10 in a safe manner if, for example, an emergency stop switch 16 is actuated.
  • this wiring of a safety switching device 10 is purely exemplary and represents one of many different wirings. In particular are other switches are conceivable instead of the emergency stop switch 16, such as light grids, light barriers, etc.
  • the safety switching device 10 shown in the figure has a modular structure and includes a central module 20, which is also referred to below as a control system, and at least one relay module 40, which is also referred to below as a switching device.
  • the control system 20 is connected to the switching device 40 via a data bus 60 .
  • Various systems can be used as the bus 60, with the applicant also offering a safe bus system, for example, which could be used here.
  • an interface 22 or 42 is provided in each case, with these interfaces or interfaces 22, 42 being adapted to the bus system used in each case.
  • Both the control system 20 and the switching device 40 each have a control unit 24 or 44 which is connected to the respective interfaces 22 or 44.
  • the control units 24, 44 are responsible for controlling all of the processes within the respective module 20, 40, and a detailed description can be dispensed with at this point. Rather, reference is made to the documents already mentioned, in which the structure is explained.
  • the central control unit 24 includes an evaluation unit 26, which evaluates specific data for diagnostic purposes. In particular, this involves the evaluation of the number of switching processes (number of switching cycles) that the switching elements 46 of the connected switching devices 40 have carried out. This number is important when the switching elements 46 are switching elements that are subject to wear, such as relays.
  • the central control unit 24 is assigned a storage unit 28 which includes at least two storage elements 30 , 32 .
  • the storage unit 28 is used to store diagnostic parameters, redundant storage being necessary for safety reasons. In other words, this means that the two memory elements 30, 32 provided each store identical diagnostic parameters, so that the data stored in the redundant memory element can be used for further operation even if the data is incorrect.
  • the diagnostic parameters to be stored are, for example, values for shifting operations of shifting elements 46 subject to wear.
  • Such a diagnostic parameter can consequently be, for example, the number of shifting operations of a shifting element that the manufacturer of this shifting element allows. In other words, this means that the switching element should be replaced when this number of switching operations is reached.
  • diagnostic parameters can also be stored in the memory unit 28 .
  • the stored diagnostic parameters relate to an individual modular switching device 40 . If several different switching devices 40 are connected to the bus 60, the memory unit 28 contains the corresponding diagnostic parameters for each switching device.
  • the modular switching device 40 also includes a memory unit 48 which is assigned to the control unit 44, that is to say is connected to it via appropriate data and control lines.
  • Storage unit 48 is designed as a redundant storage unit constructed so that storage elements 50, 52 are provided which store identical data.
  • the memory unit 48 is designed to store diagnostic data, a diagnostic data item being the number of switching operations of the switching element 46 in the present exemplary embodiment.
  • a first counter register 54 and a second counter register 56 which can be part of the memory unit 48 , are provided in order to record the number of switching operations on the one hand and to store them permanently and fail-safe on the other.
  • the two counter registers 54, 56 store a count value which is incremented by one when a specific event occurs, in this case the switching element 46 is switched on.
  • the stored counter which indicates the number of switching operations, is fail-safe. This does not necessarily mean that storing redundant data is necessary in order to be able to continue working with the redundant second data item in the event of an incorrect data item, but initially only that incorrect storage of a data item is detected.
  • CRC value cyclic redundancy check
  • the second counter register 56 shown in the figure is preferably provided as redundancy. In other words, this means that the number of switching operations is stored identically in two different counter registers 54, 56.
  • control unit 44 In order to increment the values in the counter registers 54, 56 by one, the control unit 44 generates a count signal and transmits this to the two counter registers 54, 56 whenever it transmits a switch-on signal to the switching element 46.
  • a counting signal to be generated by the control system 20 and transmitted to the respective switching device 40 via the bus 60 .
  • the control system 20 calls up a diagnostic program which requests the data stored in the counter register 54, 56 of the switching device 40.
  • the switching device 40 transmits this data to the interface 42 and via this and the bus 60 to the control system 20 .
  • a comparison is made with one or more diagnostic parameters that are stored in memory unit 28 .
  • diagnostic parameters are, for example, different threshold values that are usually specified by the manufacturer of the switching element 46 and trigger a specific action when they are exceeded. If, for example, a diagnostic parameter describes the number of switching processes up to the wear limit, the switching device 40 is safely switched off via the control system 20 when this value is reached.
  • Another diagnostic parameter could indicate the number of switching operations a warning must be issued, which draws the user's attention to the fact that the corresponding switching element 46 of the switching device 40 must be replaced.
  • an action initiated by the control system can also consist in only allowing the consumer 12 to be operated at a reduced speed or only for a specific time.
  • diagnostic parameters for example as threshold values
  • These diagnostic parameters can come from the manufacturer of the switching device, or else from the user of the safety switching device 10. In other words, this means that the diagnostic data stored in the memory unit 28 can be specified or set.
  • the threshold values stored as diagnostic parameters are often only reached after a few years of operation of the safety switching device, it is imperative that the diagnostic parameters or diagnostic data stored in the two memory units 28, 48 are retained permanently even if the operating voltage fails.
  • the counter registers must have a sufficient bit width so that very large values can also be stored without an overflow occurring.
  • the diagnostic parameters belonging to a switching device 40 can be stored not centrally but decentrally in the respective switching device.
  • the central control system 20 can then request these diagnostic parameters via the bus in order to store them in its own memory unit 28 .
  • the diagnosis it would also be conceivable for the diagnosis to take place decentrally in the respective switching device 40 and for only the result to be transmitted to the central control system.

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  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif décentralisé sécurisé de commutation, qui est conçu de manière connectable par l'intermédiaire d'un bus (60) avec un système modulaire de commande (10, 20) protégé des défauts qui branche et débranche en toute sécurité un consommateur électrique (12), le dispositif présentant
    au moins un élément de commutation (46) exposé à l'usure et conçu pour exécuter une opération de commutation sous l'action d'un signal de commande formé par le système de commande (10, 20) pour commuter le commutateur électrique (12),
    caractérisé par
    un ensemble de détection du nombre des opérations de commutation (44, 46) qui ont été effectuées, à savoir un ensemble de détection qui présente un ensemble de mémoire (48, 50, 52) qui conserve durablement et sans défaut le nombre saisi.
  2. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commutation est un relais (46).
  3. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de détection présente un circuit de comptage (54, 56) qui augmente de préférence de un l'état d'un compteur sous l'action d'un signal de comptage et qui conserve cet état du compteur dans l'ensemble de mémoire.
  4. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de comptage (54, 56) et l'ensemble de mémoire (48, 50, 52) sont configurés sous la forme d'une entité (28).
  5. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le signal de comptage est formé et apporté par le système de commande (20).
  6. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de détection présente un ensemble de détection du signal de commande et de formation d'un signal de comptage.
  7. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de détection des défauts qui détecte des défauts de l'ensemble de mémoire est associé à l'ensemble de mémoire (48).
  8. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de mémoire (48) présente deux éléments de mémoire (50, 52) redondants.
  9. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des opérations de commutation est conservé dans les deux éléments de mémoire.
  10. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une somme de contrôle du nombre conservé en mémoire dans l'un des deux éléments de mémoire est conservée en mémoire dans l'autre élément de mémoire.
  11. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de lecture du nombre conservé en mémoire des opérations de commutation et de transmission du nombre lu au système de commande est prévu.
  12. Système modulaire de commande protégé des défauts qui branche et débranche en toute sécurité un consommateur électrique, en particulier une machine entraînée à l'électricité, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un dispositif de commutation (40) externe, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, le système de commande présentant un ensemble de commande (24, 26) qui évalue des signaux d'entrée et qui délivre au dispositif de commutation externe (40) un signal de commande défini en fonction de l'évaluation,
    caractérisé par
    un ensemble (28) de conservation en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic conçu de manière à être protégé des défauts qui conserve en mémoire des valeurs pouvant être prédéterminées de seuil des opérations de commutation du ou des dispositifs de commutation (40) et un ensemble (26) d'analyse des données de diagnostic conçu pour comparer le nombre d'opérations de commutation lu dans un dispositif de commutation aux valeurs de seuil conservées en mémoire et pour lancer une action en fonction de cette comparaison.
  13. Système de commande selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une action est l'émission d'un message d'alarme et/ou la commutation du consommateur dans un mode de fonctionnement limité et/ou la commutation du consommateur dans un état de sécurité.
  14. Système de commande selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (28) de mise en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic est redondant.
  15. Système de commande selon la revendication 12, 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (28) de mise en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic est configuré de manière à être insensible aux annulations de la tension.
EP10158367.2A 2009-04-08 2010-03-30 Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs Active EP2239752B2 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009018140A DE102009018140A1 (de) 2009-04-08 2009-04-08 Sichere Schalteinrichtung und modulares fehlersicheres Steuerungssystem

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EP2239752A1 EP2239752A1 (fr) 2010-10-13
EP2239752B1 EP2239752B1 (fr) 2013-03-06
EP2239752B2 true EP2239752B2 (fr) 2022-03-30

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Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10360790B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2019-07-23 Banner Engineering Corp. Safety touch button system having an intercommunications link
DE102016109915A1 (de) 2016-05-30 2017-11-30 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten eines Verbrauchers
FR3070790B1 (fr) * 2017-09-05 2020-10-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de commutation electrique et procedes de configuration et de diagnostic associes
DE102017221793A1 (de) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-06 Siemens Mobility GmbH Sicherungstechnische Einrichtung für eine sicherungstechnische Anlage
DE102018129899A1 (de) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltgerät zum gezielten Einschalten und/oder Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere zum fehlersicheren Abschalten einer gefährlichen Maschinenanlage

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DE3505818A1 (de) 1985-02-20 1986-08-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Ueberwachungs- und kontrolleinrichtung fuer schaltgeraete
JPH09265884A (ja) 1996-03-29 1997-10-07 Toshiba Home Technol Corp リレー制御装置
DE10020075C2 (de) 2000-04-22 2002-03-21 Pilz Gmbh & Co Sicherheitsschaltgeräte-Modulanordnung
DE20203165U1 (de) 2002-03-01 2002-06-27 Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg, 32278 Kirchlengern Elektromotorische Verstellanordnung
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WO2006060264A2 (fr) 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Robertshaw Controls Company Technique de detection et d'elimination de defaillances des relais dues a un gommage ponctuel des contacts
DE102006036384A1 (de) 2005-08-11 2007-03-29 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Mikroprozessorsystem zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung von zumindest zum Teil sicherheitskritischen Prozessen

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DE10146753C1 (de) * 2001-09-22 2003-04-24 Pilz Gmbh & Co Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2580304A (en) 1949-07-23 1951-12-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breaker operation counter
DE3505818A1 (de) 1985-02-20 1986-08-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Ueberwachungs- und kontrolleinrichtung fuer schaltgeraete
EP0193732A1 (fr) 1985-02-20 1986-09-10 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Dispositif pour surveiller et contrôler des commutateurs et des combinaisons de commutateurs
JPH09265884A (ja) 1996-03-29 1997-10-07 Toshiba Home Technol Corp リレー制御装置
DE19804442C2 (de) 1998-02-05 2003-01-09 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Schaltungsanordnung
DE10020075C2 (de) 2000-04-22 2002-03-21 Pilz Gmbh & Co Sicherheitsschaltgeräte-Modulanordnung
DE10296915T5 (de) 2001-06-08 2004-04-29 Omron Corp. Sicherheitsnetzwerksystem
DE20203165U1 (de) 2002-03-01 2002-06-27 Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg, 32278 Kirchlengern Elektromotorische Verstellanordnung
WO2005104155A1 (fr) 2004-04-21 2005-11-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour determiner une valeur de jeu de commutation residuel qui indique l'usure de contacts de commutation d'un commutateur electrique
WO2006060264A2 (fr) 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Robertshaw Controls Company Technique de detection et d'elimination de defaillances des relais dues a un gommage ponctuel des contacts
DE102006036384A1 (de) 2005-08-11 2007-03-29 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Mikroprozessorsystem zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung von zumindest zum Teil sicherheitskritischen Prozessen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100259862A1 (en) 2010-10-14
US8274771B2 (en) 2012-09-25
EP2239752A1 (fr) 2010-10-13
HK1145369A1 (en) 2011-04-15
EP2239752B1 (fr) 2013-03-06
DE102009018140A1 (de) 2010-10-21

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