EP2242931A1 - Structure d'écoulement pour turbocompresseur - Google Patents

Structure d'écoulement pour turbocompresseur

Info

Publication number
EP2242931A1
EP2242931A1 EP09711862A EP09711862A EP2242931A1 EP 2242931 A1 EP2242931 A1 EP 2242931A1 EP 09711862 A EP09711862 A EP 09711862A EP 09711862 A EP09711862 A EP 09711862A EP 2242931 A1 EP2242931 A1 EP 2242931A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
annular chamber
circulation structure
main flow
structure according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09711862A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2242931B1 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Brignole
Carsten Zscherp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Publication of EP2242931A1 publication Critical patent/EP2242931A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2242931B1 publication Critical patent/EP2242931B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/526—Details of the casing section radially opposing blade tips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/161—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/164—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps of an axial flow wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/685—Inducing localised fluid recirculation in the stator-rotor interface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/914—Device to control boundary layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circulation structure for a turbocompressor according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a turbocompressor and an aircraft engine and a stationary gas turbine.
  • Circulation structures or recirculation structures for turbocompressors are known in the form of so-called “Casing Treatments” and "Hub Treatments".
  • the "Casing Treatments” and “Hub Treatments” mentioned circulation structures have the primary task to increase the aerodynamically stable operating range of the compressor by optimizing the surge margin.
  • An optimized surge margin allows higher compressor pressures and thus a higher compressor load.
  • the faults responsible for a local flow rupture and ultimately for pumping the compressor occur at the housing-side ends of the rotor blades of one or more compressor stages or at the hub-side, radially inner ends of the stator vanes, since in these regions the aerodynamic load in the compressor on the compressor highest.
  • By circulation structures the flow is stabilized in the region of the blade ends.
  • Stator-side circulation structures in the area of the housing-side ends of the blades are referred to as "casing treatments”.
  • Rotor-side circulation structures in the area of the hub-side ends of the guide vanes are referred to as "
  • a plurality of chambers which can be flowed through in the axial direction are positioned upstream of the or each annular chamber in the main flow direction of the main flow channel.
  • the circulation structure according to the invention therefore combines axially permeable chambers, which have no circumferential connection, with at least one annular chamber, which can be flowed through in the circumferential direction, wherein the or each annular chamber is positioned in the main flow direction downstream of the axially permeable chamber without circumferential connection.
  • a forming recirculation flow uses high-loss fluid in order to influence the inflow of rotor-side assemblies, wherein the geometric properties of the chambers, which can be flowed through in the axial direction, generate a counter-rotation without circumferential connection. Further flow obstruction areas are shifted into the annular chambers with circumferential connection.
  • the circulation structure according to the invention ensures very low losses due to its simplicity. Loss-producing, three-dimensional flow phenomena can be effectively inhibited. As a result, positive effects on the operating stability of the turbocompressor at part load and full load with an overall positive change in the efficiency, in particular at full load, can be coupled. The simplicity of the circulation structure is associated with low production costs. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being limited thereto. Showing:
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section through a compressor in the region of a housing-side circulation structure according to the invention according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged detail of the representation of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 the detail of Figure 2 in Axialblickraum.
  • FIG. 4 shows the detail of FIG. 2 in the radial direction
  • Fig. 19 the detail of Fig. 3 according to another variant.
  • the invention relates to a circulation structure for a turbocompressor, in particular for a compressor of a gas turbine, which can be designed as a "casing treatment” or as a "stroke treatment”.
  • a "casing treatment” formed in a stator housing which defines a main flow channel of the turbocompressor radially outward and at free blade ends of blades of a rotor-side Blade wreath connects.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show different views of a housing-side circulation structure 20 according to the invention, designed as a "casing treatment”, which is introduced into a stator-side housing 21 of a compressor of a gas turbine.
  • the housing 21 radially outwardly delimits a main flow passage 22, rotor blades 23 of a rotor blade ring 24 rotating in the main flow passage 22.
  • Radially inside the main flow channel 22 is bounded by a hub 25 of the rotor.
  • the circulation structure 20 comprises an annular chamber 26, which can be flowed through in the circumferential direction and is arranged concentrically to an axis of the compressor in the region of free blade ends of the rotor blades 24 of the rotor blade ring 24.
  • the annular chamber 26 adjoins radially to the main flow channel 22.
  • the annular chamber 26 allows a flow in the circumferential direction and thus has a peripheral connection.
  • the annular chamber 26 is formed as a circumferential groove, wherein inside the annular chamber 26 guide elements may be positioned for Strömungsssel.
  • the annular chamber 26 extends in the axial direction completely in the region of the free blade ends of the blades 23 of the blade ring 24.
  • the axial extent of the annular chamber 26 is characterized in FIG. 2 by the parameter b.
  • the radial extent of the annular chamber 26 is characterized by the parameter t.
  • An upstream edge of the annular chamber 26, as seen in the main flow direction, is indicated by e k and a downstream positioned edge of the annular chamber 26 by ak, as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of axially permeable chambers 27 are positioned.
  • the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction are formed as slots or axial grooves and are not connected to one another in the circumferential direction; the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction therefore have no peripheral connection.
  • An edge of the chambers 27 positioned upstream in the main flow direction of the main flow channel 22 is identified in FIG. 4 by vk. 1, a downstream edge of the chambers 27 seen in the main flow direction of the main flow channel 22 is marked hk in FIG.
  • a suction-side edge of the chambers 27 is indicated by sk and a pressure-side edge by dk in FIG. 4, with FIGS. 3 and 4 showing a suction side 28 and a pressure side 29 of a blade 23 of the blade ring 24.
  • FIG. 2 shows with the parameter o the section of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction and which extends in the region of the free blade ends of the rotor blades 23 and thus overlaps the rotor blade rim 24.
  • the parameter v shows the portion of the axially permeable chambers 27, which extends completely upstream of the blade ring 24.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the radial extension or depth of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction.
  • a contour of the chambers 27 adjoining the upstream edge vk is shown in FIG sloping.
  • a contiguous to the downstream edge hk contour of the chambers 27 is inclined relative to the radially outer contouring of the main flow channel 22 by the angle ß. Furthermore, according to FIG. 3, the chambers 27, which can be flowed through in the axial direction, are inclined relative to the radial direction by the angle .gamma. Viewed in the circumferential direction, the chambers 27, which can be flowed through in the axial direction, have the width c, wherein immediately adjacent chambers 27 have the spacing s in the circumferential direction.
  • Connections or orifices 30 of the chambers 27, which can be flowed through in the axial direction, into the main flow channel 22 are axially spaced or axially separated from a connection or mouth opening 31 of the annular chamber 26, wherein, according to FIG axial distance between these orifices 30 and 31 is characterized by the parameter a.
  • edges ak and ek of the annular chamber 26 as well as the edges vk, hk, dk and sk of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction and thus the entry surfaces thereof can be described by any curves or splines.
  • Edge surfaces of the annular chamber 26 adjoining these edges and of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction can be defined by generic Nurbs surfaces.
  • the geometry of each individual chamber 27 may differ from the other chambers 27. This applies in particular to the inclination angle ⁇ of the chambers 27, the circumferential distance s of the chambers 27 and the circumferential width c of the chambers 27.
  • edge edges ak and ek of the annular chamber 26 and edge surfaces or outer surfaces adjoining the edges vk, hk, dk and sk of the chambers 27 are generated by rotation of continuously differentiable curves.
  • these edge surfaces or outer surfaces are generated by a polyline, in FIG. 6 by a straight line and circle segments, and in FIG. 7 by simple geometric shapes, such as an ellipse and a rectangle.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment with a contouring of the housing 21 to form a radial projection 32 or a radial recess to the main flow passage 22 in the region of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction.
  • the parameters ⁇ , ⁇ , h, t and b can assume any value.
  • the parameters o, v and a can assume any desired value, in particular to ensure an overlap of the chambers 27, which can be flowed through in the axial direction, with the free blade ends of the rotor blades 23 of FIG
  • Blade 24 the parameters o and v assume a value greater than zero have to. Furthermore, a pre-stretching of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction can thereby be realized upstream of an inlet edge of the rotor blades 23. For an axial separation of the axially permeable chambers 27 of the annular chamber 26 and for an axial separation of the corresponding orifice openings 30, 31, the parameter a must assume a value greater than zero.
  • FIGS. 9 to 15 show a different contouring of the suction-side edges sk and the pressure-side edges dk of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction.
  • edges sk and dk of the chambers 27, which can be flowed through in the axial direction are inclined relative to the axial direction.
  • the edges sk and dk of the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction are bent in the circumferential direction, wherein in FIG. 15 the edges sk and dk of the chambers 27 are approximately tangential to the suction side and pressure side in the region of the downstream edge hk run of the blades 23.
  • Fig. 16 shows an embodiment of the invention with two annular chambers 26, both seen in the main flow direction of the flow channel 22, are positioned downstream of the axially permeable chambers 27.
  • FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction are connected to the annular chamber 26 positioned downstream thereof via discrete connections 33. These discrete connections 33 can be actively closed and opened via corresponding control elements so as to set an active regulation of a flow passage between the annular chamber 26 and the chambers 27 which can be flowed through in the axial direction.
  • Fig. 18 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the downstream edge ak of the annular chamber 26 has discrete projections 34, so as to increase the axial extent of the mouth opening 31 of the annular chamber 26 in sections.
  • FIG. 19 shows a contour of an edge surface or circumferential surface nw of the annular chamber 26 with discrete radial projections 35, which reduce the radial extent t of the annular chamber 26 in sections.
  • the invention can also be used when the turbocompressor has a tandem rotor with two directly successive blade rings and / or two directly successive guide blade rings.
  • the circulation structure according to the invention is used in turbocompressors, in particular compressors of a gas turbine designed as an aircraft engine or a stationary gas turbine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure d'écoulement pour un turbocompresseur, en particulier pour un compresseur d'une turbine à gaz, comprenant au moins une chambre annulaire (26) parcourue par un flux en direction périphérique, qui est disposée concentriquement par rapport à un axe du turbocompresseur, dans la zone des extrémités libres des aubes d'une couronne d'aubes (24) et qui est radialement adjacente à un canal d'écoulement principal (22). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que plusieurs chambres (27) parcourues par un flux en direction axiale sont positionnées en amont, en considérant le sens d'écoulement principal du canal d'écoulement principal (22), des chambres annulaires ou de chaque chambre annulaire (26).
EP09711862.4A 2008-02-21 2009-02-19 Structure d'écoulement pour turbocompresseur Active EP2242931B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008010283A DE102008010283A1 (de) 2008-02-21 2008-02-21 Zirkulationsstruktur für einen Turboverdichter
PCT/DE2009/000230 WO2009103278A1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-19 Structure d'écoulement pour turbocompresseur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2242931A1 true EP2242931A1 (fr) 2010-10-27
EP2242931B1 EP2242931B1 (fr) 2016-11-02

Family

ID=40673507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09711862.4A Active EP2242931B1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-19 Structure d'écoulement pour turbocompresseur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8915699B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2242931B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101946094A (fr)
CA (1) CA2716417A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008010283A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009103278A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3375984A1 (fr) 2017-03-17 2018-09-19 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Dispositif de circulation pour une turbomachine, procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de circulation et turbomachine

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EP3375984A1 (fr) 2017-03-17 2018-09-19 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Dispositif de circulation pour une turbomachine, procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de circulation et turbomachine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100329852A1 (en) 2010-12-30
WO2009103278A1 (fr) 2009-08-27
CN101946094A (zh) 2011-01-12
DE102008010283A1 (de) 2009-08-27
EP2242931B1 (fr) 2016-11-02
CA2716417A1 (fr) 2009-08-27
US8915699B2 (en) 2014-12-23

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