EP2245704B1 - Antenne à fentes et son procédé d'utilisation - Google Patents

Antenne à fentes et son procédé d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2245704B1
EP2245704B1 EP07870583.7A EP07870583A EP2245704B1 EP 2245704 B1 EP2245704 B1 EP 2245704B1 EP 07870583 A EP07870583 A EP 07870583A EP 2245704 B1 EP2245704 B1 EP 2245704B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
input
waveguide
broadwall
slots
Prior art date
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Application number
EP07870583.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2245704A1 (fr
Inventor
Tindaro Cadili
Anna Genovese
Giorgio Gibilaro
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Selex ES SpA
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Selex ES SpA
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Publication of EP2245704A1 publication Critical patent/EP2245704A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
    • H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present solution adopts a waveguide feeding mechanism.
  • insertion losses are detrimental to the overall performances of the system comprising the antenna, whichever its application is, since they badly affect the antenna noise temperature and, consequently, the reception capabilities of the antenna.
  • the remaining 180 degrees required to achieve the phase matching condition are given by the fact that the parallel slots, e.g. 11a and 11c, within the same radiant element group are arranged on opposite broadwall sides with respect to the broadwall axis A.
  • the phase matching condition among different radiant element groups is achieved by arranging them along the broadwall axis A at distances d3 multiple of one guide wavelength ⁇ g .
  • the radiant elements 5a and 5b so arranged provide the same polarized field, when fed from the propagating wave within the single ridge guide. Furthermore the average distance between the radiant elements is so reduced, avoiding the grating lobe effect.
  • each slot 11 transmits a linearly polarized wave and the two radiations emitted by the two slots, e.g. 11a and 11b, making up each radiant element 5 are orthogonal and phase delayed of 90 degrees.
  • the emission efficiency is good also in the broadside direction, indicated by B in figure 5a .
  • the slots 11a, 11b excite a wave travelling within the waveguide towards one of the input/output ports 10a, 10b even if the incoming radiation is parallel to the broadside direction B.
  • a first slot 11 (e.g. slot 11a in Figure 4 ) which is in advance with respect to a second slot 11 (e.g. slot 11b) when the wave travels in a first direction, becomes delayed with respect to the second slot 11b when the wave travels in the opposite direction, causing an inversion of the rotation direction of the radiated electric field vector.
  • the present antenna may be advantageously incorporated into an antenna system 35, further comprising switching means to route feeding signals towards the proper input/output port 10a, 10b, filters or circulators for properly selecting the received signal from the transmitted signal at the input/output ports, as well as known components suited to form a transmitting and receiving system.
  • Figure 3a shows a switch 30 connecting a system input 31 to either the first or the second input/output port 10a, 10b.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Antenne (4) comprenant un guide d'onde (13) ayant une paroi large supérieure (12) et une pluralité d'éléments rayonnants (5) formée sur ladite paroi large supérieure (12) et configurée pour rayonner et recevoir des ondes à polarisation circulaire, la paroi large ayant un axe de paroi large (A) s'étendant longitudinalement vers celle-ci, dans laquelle chaque élément rayonnant (5) comprend deux fentes (11a, 11b) agencées à 90° l'une par rapport à l'autre, les fentes (11a, 11b) de chaque élément rayonnant étant non chevauchantes, s'étendant sur des côtés opposés par rapport à l'axe de paroi large (A) et étant espacées l'une de l'autre d'une distance mutuelle comprise dans une plage de λg/4 ± 20 %, dans lequel λg est une longueur d'onde de guide nominale ;
    caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments rayonnants forment des groupes d'éléments rayonnants, chaque groupe incluant des premier et second éléments rayonnants (5a, 5b) agencés spéculairement les uns par rapport aux autres par rapport à un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de paroi large (A).
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit guide d'onde (13) est un guide d'onde à nervure unique.
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les fentes (11a, 11b) de chaque élément rayonnant (5) ont des formes allongées définissant des axes longitudinaux (23) s'étendant à ± 45° ± 20 % par rapport audit axe de paroi large (A).
  4. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle les fentes (11a, 11b) de chaque élément rayonnant (5) sont congruentes les unes par rapport aux autres.
  5. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdites fentes (11a, 11b) sont effilées vers ledit axe de paroi large (A).
  6. Antenne selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle lesdites fentes (11a, 11b) ont chacune une extrémité, les extrémités desdites fentes (11a, 11b) étant alignées le long dudit axe de paroi large (A).
  7. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque groupe d'éléments rayonnants (5) est espacé des groupes adjacents de distances (d3) multiples de la longueur d'onde de guide nominale λg.
  8. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les éléments rayonnants (5a, 5b) de chaque groupe d'éléments rayonnants sont espacés de λg/2.
  9. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une pluralité de guides d'onde supplémentaires (13) agencés parallèlement les uns par rapport aux autres.
  10. Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le guide d'onde (13) a des premier et second orifices d'entrée/de sortie (10a, 10b) configurés pour être sélectivement alimentés en un signal TX, l'antenne émettant un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire ayant une première polarisation circulaire lorsqu'elle est alimentée en ledit signal TX en provenance du premier orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10a) et émettant un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire ayant une seconde polarisation circulaire lorsqu'elle est alimentée en ledit signal TX en provenance dudit second orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10b).
  11. Antenne selon la revendication 10, comprenant en outre un moyen de commutation (30) ayant une entrée (31), une première sortie raccordée audit premier orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10a) et une seconde sortie raccordée audit second orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10b).
  12. Antenne selon la revendication 10, comprenant en outre :
    • un diviseur de puissance n-voie (42), ayant une pluralité d'orifices de sortie,
    • une pluralité de chaînes TX (43), chaque chaîne TX étant connectée à un orifice de sortie respectif du diviseur de puissance n-voie (42), chaque guide d'onde de ladite pluralité étant connecté à une chaîne TX (43) respective,
    • une pluralité de chaînes RX (44), chacune des chaînes RX étant connectée à un guide d'onde respectif (13), et
    • un combinateur de puissance n-voie (45), ayant une pluralité d'orifices d'entrée, chaque orifice d'entrée étant connecté à une chaîne RX (44) respective.
  13. Antenne selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle chaque chaîne TX (43) comprend, connectés en cascade les uns avec les autres, un déphaseur (7), un amplificateur de puissance (50), une transition de microruban-guide d'onde (51), et un filtre de rejet RX (52).
  14. Antenne selon la revendication 12 ou 13, dans laquelle chaque chaîne RX comprend, connectés en cascade les uns avec les autres, un filtre de rejet TX (53), une transition micro-ruban-guide d'onde (54), un amplificateur à faible bruit (55), et un déphaseur (7).
  15. Méthode d'exploitation d'une antenne (4) comprenant un guide d'onde (13) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, le guide d'onde (13) ayant des premier et second orifices d'entrée/de sortie (10a, 10b), la méthode comprenant :
    • l'alimentation en un signal TX sur soit le premier (10a) soit le second (10b) orifice d'entrée/de sortie,
    • l'émission d'un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire ayant une première polarisation circulaire lors de l'alimentation en ledit signal TX en provenance dudit premier orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10a) et l'émission d'un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire ayant une seconde polarisation circulaire lors de l'alimentation en ledit signal TX en provenance dudit second orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10b).
  16. Méthode selon la revendication 15, dans laquelle un signal de transmission a une première et une seconde bande, lesdites première et seconde bandes étant agencées sur des côtés opposés par rapport à une longueur d'onde de guide nominale, dans laquelle le signal TX est sélectivement fourni au premier (10a) ou au second (10b) orifice d'entrée/de sortie en fonction d'un signal TX ayant la première ou la seconde bande.
  17. Méthode selon la revendication 15 ou 16, comprenant la réception d'un signal RX à polarisation circulaire ayant une polarisation de signal RX et la détection du signal RX en provenance du premier (10a) et du second (10b) orifice d'entrée/de sortie en fonction de la polarisation de signal RX.
  18. Méthode selon la revendication 15, ledit signal TX ayant une première bande et étant alimenté au niveau d'un premier orifice d'entrée (10a), comprenant en outre la réception d'un signal RX à polarisation circulaire, ledit signal RX à polarisation circulaire ayant une seconde polarisation circulaire, opposée à la première polarisation circulaire, et une seconde bande, ladite première bande du signal TX et ladite seconde bande du signal RX étant agencées sur des côtés opposés par rapport à la longueur d'onde de guide nominale, la méthode comprenant en outre la détection du signal RX en provenance du signal orifice d'entrée/de sortie (10b).
  19. Méthode selon la revendication 18, dans laquelle ladite première bande dudit signal TX et ladite seconde bande dudit signal RX sont symétriques par rapport à la longueur d'onde de guide nominale, ledit signal TX étant émis le long d'une première direction et ledit signal RX étant reçu en provenance d'une seconde direction, moyennant quoi ladite première direction et ladite seconde direction sont parallèles et tout effet de dépointage est réduit.
EP07870583.7A 2007-12-28 2007-12-28 Antenne à fentes et son procédé d'utilisation Active EP2245704B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2007/000925 WO2009084050A1 (fr) 2007-12-28 2007-12-28 Antenne à fentes et son procédé d'utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2245704A1 EP2245704A1 (fr) 2010-11-03
EP2245704B1 true EP2245704B1 (fr) 2015-02-18

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WO (1) WO2009084050A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102496784B (zh) * 2011-11-11 2014-05-28 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 脊波导宽边横向直缝隙天线
FR2987941B1 (fr) * 2012-03-08 2014-04-11 Thales Sa Antenne plane pour terminal fonctionnant en double polarisation circulaire, terminal aeroporte et systeme de telecommunication par satellite comportant au moins une telle antenne
CN105281042B (zh) * 2014-07-16 2023-06-23 中电科微波通信（上海）股份有限公司 裂缝波导天线、信号传输装置以及信号连续传输系统
CN104538742B (zh) * 2015-01-09 2017-05-31 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 一种圆极化波导缝隙天线及其设计方法
CN105633587B (zh) * 2016-01-25 2018-07-20 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 一种圆极化波导缝隙天线及其设计方法
CN109088177B (zh) * 2018-08-07 2021-07-02 江西师范大学 双圆极化波导阵列天线及其制作方法
CN115407327B (zh) * 2021-05-26 2025-08-12 北京华航无线电测量研究所 一种为飞行器提供导航信息的多普勒雷达
CN116937168A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-24 华为技术有限公司 一种天线、雷达和终端
KR102762064B1 (ko) * 2022-10-19 2025-02-05 주식회사 에이치제이웨이브 빔 틸트 안테나
KR102821715B1 (ko) * 2022-10-20 2025-06-18 주식회사 에이치제이웨이브 빔 틸트 안테나
CN120914524B (zh) * 2025-10-11 2026-01-13 北京雷格讯电子股份有限公司 一种高增益、宽频带、高交极比的脊波导缝隙天线阵列和装置

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DE882430C (de) * 1951-10-02 1953-07-09 Siemens Ag Antenne fuer sehr kurze elektrische Wellen
JPS5496389A (en) 1978-01-17 1979-07-30 Toshiba Corp Radar device
GB2208969B (en) * 1987-08-18 1992-04-01 Arimura Inst Technology Slot antenna
CA2217730A1 (fr) 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Makoto Ochiai Antenne reseau plan
US6028562A (en) 1997-07-31 2000-02-22 Ems Technologies, Inc. Dual polarized slotted array antenna
JP3472822B2 (ja) 2000-12-11 2003-12-02 独立行政法人通信総合研究所 偏波可変方式，偏波ダイバーシチ方式及び偏波変調方式

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EP2245704A1 (fr) 2010-11-03
WO2009084050A1 (fr) 2009-07-09

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