EP2248367A1 - Procédé d'allocation d'une largeur de bande d'un spectre de radiofréquence dans un réseau cellulaire comprenant un ensemble de cellules - Google Patents

Procédé d'allocation d'une largeur de bande d'un spectre de radiofréquence dans un réseau cellulaire comprenant un ensemble de cellules

Info

Publication number
EP2248367A1
EP2248367A1 EP09707346A EP09707346A EP2248367A1 EP 2248367 A1 EP2248367 A1 EP 2248367A1 EP 09707346 A EP09707346 A EP 09707346A EP 09707346 A EP09707346 A EP 09707346A EP 2248367 A1 EP2248367 A1 EP 2248367A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bandwidth
cell
base station
protocol
boundary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09707346A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Zhifeng Tao
Koon Hoo Teo
Yu-Jung Chang
Xuehong Mao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/241,889 external-priority patent/US20100081441A1/en
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP2248367A1 publication Critical patent/EP2248367A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA

Definitions

  • This invention is generally related to dynamic radio resource allocation in wireless cellular networks, and more particularly to reducing inter-cell interference.
  • Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing is a modulation technique used at the physical layer (PHY) of a number of wireless networks, e.g., networks designed according to the well known IEEE 802.Ha/g and IEEE 802.16/16e standards.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA is a multiple access protocol based on OFDM.
  • OFDMA separate sets of orthogonal tones (subchannels or frequencies) and time slots are allocated to multiple transceivers or mobile stations (MS) by a base station (BS) so that the transceivers can communicate concurrently.
  • OFDMA is widely adopted in many next generation cellular networks such as networked based on 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) 3 and IEEE 802.16m standards due to its effectiveness and variability in radio resource allocation.
  • OFDMA Resource Allocation is widely adopted in many next generation cellular networks such as networked based on 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) 3 and IEEE 802.16m standards due to its effectiveness and
  • Radio frequencies can carry information by varying a combination of the amplitude, frequency and phase of the wave within a frequency band.
  • the use of the radio spectrum is regulated by many governments through frequency allocation.
  • bandwidth means a portion of the radio frequency spectrum.
  • IEEE 802.11a uses bandwidth in the 5 GHz U-NII frequency band, which offers 8 non-overlapping channels, 8O2.g uses bandwidth in the 2.4 GHz band, like 802.11b, but the same OFDM based transmission scheme as 802.11a.
  • IEEE 802.16a has been amended to 802.16 and uses bandwidth in the 2-11 GHz band for multipoint communication
  • 802.16e uses scalable OFDMA data, supporting channel bandwidths of between 1.25 MHz and 20 MHz, with up to 2048 sub-carriers, and 802.16m is expected to operate on RF bandwidths of 20 MHz or higher.
  • the fundamental challenge is to allocate bandwidth of the limited available RF spectrum in a large geographical for a large number of transceivers (also known as users, nodes or terminals).
  • base stations allocate the resources.
  • the same frequency spectrum can be used in multiple geographical regions or cells. This will inevitably cause inter-cell interference (ICI), when transceivers or mobile stations (MSs) in adjacent cells use the same spectrum at the same time.
  • ICI has been shown to be the predominant performance-limiting factor for wireless cellular networks.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratios
  • the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is difficult to obtain because the interference can come BS and MS in multiple cells and depends on a variety of factors, such as distance, location, and occupied channel status of interferers, which are unknown before resource allocation. This results in mutual dependency of the ICI and complicates the resource allocation problem.
  • SINR signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio
  • Inter-cell interference coordination is a protocol that can effectively reduce ICI in regions of the cell relatively far from the BS, i.e., the regions at cell boundaries.
  • ICIC is achieved by allocating disjoint channel resources to the MSs near the boundary of the cell that are associated with different cells. Because boundary MSs are most prone to high ICI, the overall ICI can be substantially reduced by coordination of channel allocation among boundary MSs. More specifically, the ICIC reduces ICI interference by allocating the same resource to MSs that geographically far apart MSs 5 so that path loss due to the interference is reduced.
  • ICIC solely based on avoiding resource collision for boundary MSs only offers a limited performance gain for DL communications, because it does not consider interference caused by transmission from the BS to MSs in the cell center.
  • SDMA Spatial Division Multiple Access
  • SDMA Space division multiple access
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • SDMA exploits spatial information of the location of MSs within the cell.
  • the radiation patterns of the signals are adapted to obtain a highest gain in a particular direction. This is often called beam forming or beam steering.
  • Beam forming is a signal processing technique for directional signal transmission or reception. Beam forming takes advantage of interference to change the directionality of the signal.
  • a beam former controls the phase and relative amplitude of the signal to generate a pattern of constructive and destructive interference.
  • information from different antennas is combined in such a way that the expected pattern of radiation is preferentially observed.
  • SDMA can increase network capacity, because SDMA enables spatial multiplexing. Nevertheless, the ICI still remains a key issue, even if SDMA is used.
  • BSC Base Station Cooperation
  • Base station cooperation allows multiple BSs to transmit signals to a single MS concurrently while sharing the same resource, i.e., time and frequency, using beam forming.
  • BSC utilizes the SDMA technique for the BSs to send signals to the MS cooperatively.
  • BSC is specifically used for boundary MSs that are within the transmission ranges of multiple BSs. In this case, the interfering signal from another BS now becomes part of a useful signal.
  • BSC has two advantages, spatial diversity and ICI reduction.
  • each MS registers and communicates with one BS called the anchor or serving BS.
  • a diversity set is defined in the IEEE 802.16e standard to serve this purpose. The diversity set keeps track of the anchor BS and adjacent BSs that are within the communication range of a MS. The information of the diversity set is also maintained and updated at the MS.
  • MDHO Macro Diversity Handover
  • MDHO macro diversity handover
  • multiple base stations transmit the same signals to one single MS in the handover (HO) region.
  • Macro diversity increases the received signal strength and decreases fading in the HO region.
  • MDHO is used when the MS moves through boundary regions from one cell to another. The transfer is accomplished using downlinks (DLs) from the BSs to the MS 5 by having the BSs transmit multiple copies of the same information to the MS so that either RF combining or diversity combining can be performed at the MS.
  • DLs downlinks
  • the transfer is accomplished by having two or more BSs receiving the same signal from the MS in the HO region so that selection diversity can use the 'best' uplink.
  • MDHO can reduce the ICI even though the same resources are used for duplicate signal. That is, MDHO wastes resources because the MS uses the resources from more than one cell, which could otherwise be used by other MSs.
  • the embodiments of the invention provide a method for allocating resources in wireless networks that incorporates interference management protocols, i.e., inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) and base station cooperation (BSC).
  • interference management protocols i.e., inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) and base station cooperation (BSC).
  • the cell area is partitioned into a cell center region and a cell boundary region.
  • the cell center region is near the base station, while the boundary region is far from the base station.
  • the boundary region is further partitioned into a set of sectors, e.g., three. It is assumed that the base station has knowledge of the generally geometry of the area, as well as the location of mobile stations (MS) in the regions.
  • MS mobile stations
  • a minimum bandwidth is reserved for the bandwidth allocation to MSs in the center region and the boundary region of the cell. Therefore, consuming all of the bandwidth is avoided, and the MSs are not unnecessarily denied access.
  • the exact amount of guaranteed bandwidth depends on the actual design and can be adjusted accordingly.
  • ICIC For MSs in the center region, ICIC is used. For MSs in the boundary region, two interference management protocols are supported, ICIC and BSC. A fixed bandwidth is allocated for ICIC and a variable bandwidth for BSC. The variability in the bandwidth of the BSC can adapt to the change in traffic loads, i.e., the number of MS being served. Optionally, the BSC bandwidth can be partially or fully switched to ICIC use if there is such a need.
  • Figure IA is a schematic of a radio resource allocation protocol according the embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure IB is a schematic of ICIC spectrum allocation implemented in adjacent cells according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1C is a schematic of BSC spectrum allocation implemented in adjacent cells according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2A is a schematic of bandwidth reuse design according to embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 2B is a schematic of an alternative bandwidth reuse design according to embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic of an alternative bandwidth reuse design according to embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is schematic of a cellular network with two mobile stations and two base stations for and ICIC scenario according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic of a cellular network with two mobile stations and two base stations for a BSC protocol according to embodiments of the invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic of cell partitions according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a flow diagram of a resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure IA shows a radio resource allocation structure according to embodiments of our invention.
  • Figure IA shows seven cells 100 of a cellular network. To simplify the Figure, the area served in each cell is shown as having a hexagon shape 100. It is understood that this is an approximation of cell shapes, and that other shapes are possible, e.g., depending on geography, topology and structures such as buildings, in the cell.
  • each cell There is a base station 110 at the approximate center of each cell.
  • the base stations serve mobile stations (MS) 111 in the cell.
  • MS mobile stations
  • the BS can coordinate with each other using an infrastructure 400 or backbone of the network, as known in the prior art and shown in Figure 4.
  • the arrangement of Figure IA can be generalized to more than seven cells.
  • the frequency reuse factor is one. That is, each cell uses the entire bandwidth allocated for the network.
  • Each cell area is geographically partitioned into a cell center region (D) 101 and cell boundary regions 102, for cells 1 to 7.
  • the cell area pertains to the entire cell, while the regions are partitions of the area.
  • the cell area is partitioned into a center region and cell boundary regions, e.g., three.
  • the various partitions for bandwidth allocation purposes effective apply to the base and mobile stations in the regions.
  • the cell center region 101 is farther from adjacent cells, and thus, transmissions to mobile stations in the cell center regions cause less inter-cell interference (ICI) to mobile stations in adjacent cells.
  • ICI inter-cell interference
  • the cell boundary regions 102 abut boundary regions of adjacent cells and thus transmissions to mobile stations in the boundary regions can cause and experience stronger ICI.
  • ICI resource allocation (to the mobile stations) in the boundary regions should be more carefully administered so that ICI is reduced.
  • ICI can be reduced by performing planning for the boundary region, in combination with ICI management protocols such as ICIC or base station cooperation (BSC).
  • ICIC is achieved by allocating non-overlapping bandwidth resources to mobile stations in adjacent cell boundary regions, e.g., Al, A2 and A3; or Bl, B6 and B7; or Cl, C4 and C5.
  • Figure IB shows the non-overlapping resources with different hatch markings represent non-overlapping bandwidth allocation.
  • BSC is achieved by allocating the same bandwidth resource to mobile stations that reside in adjacent cell boundary regions and are involved in the same BSC operation. This is shown in Figure 1C. Note that our radio resource allocation protocol allows the use of both ICIC and BSC management protocols concurrently.
  • FIGS 2A-2C show example bandwidth allocation protocols according to embodiments of the invention.
  • bandwidth means a portion of the radio frequency spectrum.
  • the horizontal axis indicates available bandwidth
  • the vertical axis cell center regions (D) and boundary regions (ABC). It is understood that when we describe bandwidth allocation to regions we mean that reserved bandwidth is allocated to the communications between base and mobile stations in the respective regions.
  • the base stations can communicate with each other, determine their geographic relationship, and the various regions. Bandwidth reservations determined during this planning phase can then later be allocated to the mobile stations, as the MSs enter and exit the various regions.
  • the entire available network bandwidth is partitioned into two parts: a first part is reserved for mobile stations in cell centers 201, and a second part is reserved for mobile stations in cell boundary regions 202.
  • the ratio between these two parts depends on the traffic load, and can be adjusted dynamically as the load varies.
  • the cell centers uses bandwidth D for all cells. It is assumed that the cell centers are geographically separated so that ICI is not an issue.
  • Allocations for mobile stations in cell boundary regions of different cell areas are carefully designed to achieve ICIC or enable BSC, or both.
  • the mobile stations in the regions shown in the same column are allocated the same bandwidth.
  • the mobile stations in adjacent sectors are allocated disjoint frequency bands to reduce ICL
  • regions Al (205), A2 (206), and A3 (207) are physically contiguous regions, and mobile stations in these regions are allocated disjoint frequency bands.
  • the mobile stations in adjacent regions e.g., Al 205, A2 206, A3 207, are allocated the same bandwidth to enable the BSC protocol.
  • a size of the allocatable frequency bands can dynamically adapt to the traffic loads in each different region, as shown in Figure 2A.
  • mobile stations in regions Al (251), A2 (252) and A3 (253), for instance can switch from BSC to ICIC without affecting other regions, as shown in Figure 2B.
  • This variability is highly desirable, as the BSC protocol requires multiple antennas, while ICIC does not. Therefore, in this embodiment, ICIC can be viewed as the primary means for interference management, while BSC is secondary.
  • Figure 2C shows another allocation possibility.
  • the difference from Figure 2A is in the ICIC bandwidth allocation for the cell boundary regions. Specifically, bandwidth is first allocated to cell boundary regions such that any adjacent cells, e.g., cell 1, 2, and 3, have disjoint bandwidths. By doing so, the mobile stations with the strongest interference, e.g., mobile stations in regions Al 271, A2 272, A3 273, communicate on disjoint frequency bands. Then, any residual bandwidth is allocated to (mobile stations in) the cell center region.
  • Figure 3 shows a network for the ICIC scenario with two BSs 301-302 and two MSs 303-304.
  • one cell boundary MS 303 is communicating with its BS 301, while the other cell boundary MS 304 is communicating with its BS 302. Due to their proximity, the MSs 303-304 can cause interference 306 and 307 if they concurrently use the same frequency bands. Therefore, the ICIC protocol separates the two interfering signals on different frequency bands so that the interference is be minimized.
  • Figure 4 shows the BSC scenario with two MSs and two BSs.
  • the two cell boundary MSs (403 and 404) communicate individually with their BS (401 and 402, respectively).
  • the possibly interfering signals 405-408 are turned into useful signal, thus suppressing ICI, by enabling the MS to communicate with two BSs concurrently.
  • the 2-MS, 2-BS network shown in Figure 4 can be operating on the same time and frequency resource as long as the base stations have multiple antennas that can support BSC operation.
  • Figure 5 shows a single cell area 501 and its cell center region 502.
  • a size of the cell center region 502 affects the bandwidth allocation between the cell center region 201 and cell boundary regions 202 as shown in Figure
  • the bandwidth ratio (BR) of the cell center region 502 to the total network bandwidth is proportional to the ratio of the sizes of the center region 502 to the cell area 501.
  • FIG. 2A, 2B and 2C use a BR of 0.5, which corresponds roughly to the case of r/a equal to 2/3.
  • Figure 6 shows the steps of the general method for reserving and allocating bandwidth in a cellular network.
  • the base stations 601 uses the infrastructure 605 to determine a topology of the network.
  • the topology is partitioned 620 into an area for each base station, and each area is further partitioned into a center region 621 and a boundary region 622.
  • the boundary can be further partitioned into a set of sectors.
  • Bandwidth for each center region is reserved 630 for use according to the ICIC protocol, while the boundary region reserves 640 bandwidth for use according to the ICIC and BSC protocol.
  • the bandwidth reserved for ICIC is fixed, while the bandwidth reserved for BSC is variable.
  • bandwidth resources 645 After the bandwidth resources 645 have been reserved, they can be allocated to mobile stations 602 as they enter the various regions of the network.
  • the reserved resources 645 can be updated dynamically 660 and reallocated to adapt to changing traffic load and network topology.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'allocation d'une largeur de bande d'un spectre de radiofréquence dans un réseau cellulaire comprenant un ensemble de cellules. Chaque cellule comprend une station de base destinée à servir un ensemble de stations mobiles dans la cellule. Une région autour de chaque station de base est divisée en une région centrale et une région périphérique. Dans chaque station de base, la largeur de bande destinée à être utilisée dans la région centrale est réservée selon un protocole de coordination des interférences entre cellules (ICIC), et la largeur de bande destinée à être utilisée dans la région périphérique est réservée selon le protocole ICIC et un protocole de station de base (BSC). Ensuite, la largeur de bande est allouée aux stations mobiles du fait que les stations mobiles communiquent avec la station de base dans les régions centrales et les régions périphériques selon les réservations de largeur de bande.
EP09707346A 2008-02-08 2009-01-28 Procédé d'allocation d'une largeur de bande d'un spectre de radiofréquence dans un réseau cellulaire comprenant un ensemble de cellules Withdrawn EP2248367A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2711208P 2008-02-08 2008-02-08
US12/241,889 US20100081441A1 (en) 2008-09-30 2008-09-30 Dynamic Radio Frequency Allocation for Base Station Cooperation with Interference Management
PCT/JP2009/051814 WO2009099076A1 (fr) 2008-02-08 2009-01-28 Procédé d'allocation d'une largeur de bande d'un spectre de radiofréquence dans un réseau cellulaire comprenant un ensemble de cellules

Publications (1)

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EP2248367A1 true EP2248367A1 (fr) 2010-11-10

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Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2248367A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010541300A (fr)
KR (1) KR20100113137A (fr)
CN (1) CN101940019A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009099076A1 (fr)

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CN101940019A (zh) 2011-01-05
KR20100113137A (ko) 2010-10-20
JP2010541300A (ja) 2010-12-24
WO2009099076A1 (fr) 2009-08-13

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Inventor name: TAO, ZHIFENG

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