EP2258035A2 - Moteur électrique à système de détection de température et procédé de détection d'une température dans un moteur électrique - Google Patents

Moteur électrique à système de détection de température et procédé de détection d'une température dans un moteur électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2258035A2
EP2258035A2 EP08873423A EP08873423A EP2258035A2 EP 2258035 A2 EP2258035 A2 EP 2258035A2 EP 08873423 A EP08873423 A EP 08873423A EP 08873423 A EP08873423 A EP 08873423A EP 2258035 A2 EP2258035 A2 EP 2258035A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric motor
signal
temperature
winding
resulting signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08873423A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegmar Schoser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2258035A2 publication Critical patent/EP2258035A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby

Definitions

  • Electric motor with a temperature sensing and method for detecting a temperature in an electric motor
  • the invention relates to an electric motor which is designed to detect a temperature.
  • the invention further relates to a method for detecting a temperature in an electric motor.
  • a common cause of damage or failure of electric motors is their thermal overheating. Too high a temperature is usually caused by an overload of the electric motor, i. by too high a current flowing through the electric motor for providing a required torque for a certain period of time and generating a power loss in the form of heat in the windings of the electric motor.
  • the electric motors have a thermal switch, such as a bimetallic thermo switch, which is arranged on or in the electric motor and which switches when a temperature threshold is exceeded, thus opening a circuit through the electric motor.
  • the electric motor is deactivated and only when the Temperature has dropped in the electric motor, the circuit is closed by the electric motor again.
  • a temperature sensor may be provided, which is connected to an evaluation unit arranged in the interior of the engine or separate. The evaluation unit can then cause, depending on the detected temperature, that the circuit is opened.
  • a temperature sensor in the electric motor, a temperature can be detected only at a certain range in the electric motor and thereby no information about the temperature in other areas of the electric motor is available.
  • Another way to protect the electric motor from overheating is to use a suitable monitoring unit to detect operating parameters of the electric motor, such as the number of activation cycles, the cooling time between the activation cycles, motor parameters, such as
  • the detection of the temperature should be realized easily and with little effort and in particular require no provision of a temperature sensor as a separate component in the electric motor.
  • an electric motor comprises a coil element with a winding, which causes a driving force in the electrical driving by interaction of a magnetic field caused thereby with a further magnetic field.
  • the winding of the coil element is arranged on an element of the electric motor so that a complex resistance of the winding is temperature-dependent, for example by a temperature-dependent relative permeability.
  • a temperature of the electric motor can be detected via the changed permeability, which results in a change of a complex resistance of a winding in the electric motor.
  • the evaluation unit comprises a signal generator for Providing a vibration signal to which the electric motor is applied, a detection unit for detecting a resulting signal that depends on the magnitude of the complex resistance of a currently controlled winding and the vibration signal, and a determination unit for determining a temperature dependent on the resulting signal to determine in the electric motor.
  • One idea of the invention is to evaluate the temperature-dependent change in the complex resistance of an electric motor, in particular of one or more windings of the electric motor, over the temperature in order to obtain an indication of a temperature or temperature change.
  • Such a change in the complex resistance of the electric motor can then be determined by means of the evaluation unit, which evaluates the dynamic behavior at an excitation frequency and assigns a parameter of a sorting signal to a temperature.
  • the element can be arranged on an armature of the electric motor.
  • a material which, in the relevant temperature range, for example between 0 ° C. and 300 ° C., has a temperature-dependent change in a parameter which influences the complex resistance.
  • the temperature dependence of the relative permeability can be used as an influencing parameter of the complex resistance, if a suitable material is used.
  • the winding of the electric motor can be connected as a filter or as a resonant circuit, so that the complex resistance of the winding affects the frequency response of the filter or the resonant circuit.
  • the signal generator may provide the drive signal as a voltage signal having an amplitude and an excitation frequency, wherein the detection unit is configured, an amplitude of the resulting signal, and / or an amplitude ratio between the amplitudes of the oscillation signal and the resulting signal and / or a phase shift between them Schwingungssig- nal and the course of the resulting signal and / or a frequency shift between the resulting signal and the vibration signal to determine.
  • the determination unit is designed to assign a temperature to the determined amplitude, the amplitude ratio, the phase shift or the frequency shift.
  • an engine system with the above electric motor and with the above evaluation unit is provided.
  • a method of determining a temperature in the above electric motor comprises:
  • the vibration signal may be provided as a voltage signal having an amplitude and an excitation frequency, wherein an amplitude of the resulting signal and / or an amplitude ratio between the amplitudes of the vibration signal and the resulting signal and / or a phase shift between the vibration signal and the course of the resulting signal and / or a frequency shift between the resulting signal and the oscillation signal is determined, wherein the determined amplitude, the amplitude ratio, the phase shift or the frequency shift is assigned a temperature.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an engine system for detecting a temperature in an electric motor.
  • an engine system 1 with an electric motor 2 is shown schematically, which is controlled via a Motoranmaschinend 3.
  • the motor drive unit 3 supplies the electric motor 2 with suitable drive signals for driving, which, depending on the type of the electric motor 2, can correspond to DC voltages or AC voltages in order to transmit drive energy to the electric motor 2 accordingly.
  • the electric motor 2 can also be controlled with the aid of the control signals as a function of a manipulated variable provided to the motor drive unit 3 with different powers. For example, a voltage applied to the electric motor 2 DC voltage is varied depending on the manipulated variable.
  • Common methods for detecting the temperature of the electric motor include providing a temperature sensor in the electric motor 2 and measuring the change in the ohmic resistance of one or more windings in the electric motor 2 so as to close the temperature of the electric motor 2.
  • the evaluation of the change in the ohmic resistance allows the detection of an average temperature over the entire winding range, but has the disadvantage that at a temperature coefficient of, for example, 4 x 10 -3 ( ⁇ of copper), the change in resistance at a temperature increase of about 10 0 C is only about 4%. This can lead to significant inaccuracies in the temperature determination.
  • the temperature dependence of the complex resistance of the electric motor 2 instead of the temperature dependence of the ohmic resistance of a conductor.
  • it is therefore provided to use the temperature dependence of a magnetic material in the electric motor 2 instead of the temperature dependence of the ohmic resistance of a conductor.
  • a material-specific property of a magnetic material is given by means of the relative permeability ⁇ r .
  • the relative permeability ⁇ r can take evaluable values in particular in the case of soft magnetic materials, such as are used for anchors and the like in electric motors.
  • the relative permeability ⁇ r affects the imaginary resistance of a winding around the soft magnetic material, so that the entire complex resistance of a winding of the electric motor 2 can be detected by means of a corresponding frequency response.
  • an evaluation unit 6 which has a signal generator 7, which provides a vibration signal with a certain frequency.
  • a suitable component 8 for example, designed as a capacitor, is a electrical filter or series resonant circuit formed with the complex resistance of the driven winding in the electric motor 2.
  • the capacitor 8 is connected in series between the signal generator 7 and the winding of the electric motor 2.
  • a first terminal of the capacitor 8 serves as an input of the filter and a second terminal of the capacitor 8 is connected to the electric motor 2 and also serves as the output of the filter, at which a resulting signal is tapped.
  • another component may be provided, such as a resistor, a further inductance and the like.
  • the capacitor 8 instead of the capacitor 8, only the parasitic effects of the electrical connection, which often act capacitively, can be used.
  • a resultant signal tapped at a node between the capacitor 8 and the electric motor 2 is supplied to a detection unit 9. Furthermore, the detection unit 9 also receives the oscillation signal in order to be able to evaluate the resulting signal on the basis of the exciting oscillation signal. The detection unit 9 can determine and supply to a control unit 10 by comparing the vibration signal with the resultant signal either a relative temperature change or an absolute temperature by comparing with predetermined values.
  • the control unit 10 evaluates the determined temperature change or the absolute temperature and determines, for example based on a threshold comparison, whether the electric motor 2 should continue to operate. If the determined temperature of the electric motor 2 exceeds the temperature threshold value, the electric motor 2 is preferably switched off. Alternatively, the control unit 10 of the Motoran Kunststofftechnik 3 also provide a temperature signal to signal there that a heating of the electric motor 2 has occurred above a threshold and that a drive with a lower power or no more control should be made to a further heating of the To prevent or reduce electric motors.
  • the detection unit 9 can evaluate the resulting signal in various ways. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the attenuation of the oscillation signal provided by the signal generator 7 can be detected by the series resonant circuit of capacitor 8 and complex resistance of the electric motor 2 by taking a ratio of the amplitude of the resulting signal is determined to the amplitude of the vibration signal. With knowledge of the frequency of the oscillation signal of this damping can be assigned an absolute temperature. By comparing two attenuation values, alternatively or additionally, a relative temperature change can also be determined.
  • the detection unit 9 may include a map or a function which are predetermined or taught in and assign the corresponding attenuation values to temperatures of the electric motor 2.
  • the frequency of the oscillation signal that is output by the signal generator 7 is preferably designed so that the largest possible damping changes, i. Amplitude changes of the resulting signal in a change in the complex resistance of the winding of the electric motor 2 can be effected.
  • the complex resistance of the electric motor 2 can also be part of a parallel resonant circuit in which the signal generator 7 provides a vibration signal with a predetermined voltage amplitude. A resulting signal can then be tapped as a current signal or another voltage signal. The amplitude of the resulting signal depends considerably on how close the frequency of the oscillation signal is at the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit. As a result, the temperature can be derived from the amplitude of the resulting signal.
  • Another alternative is to apply the vibration signal with a defined frequency spectrum to the electric motor 2.
  • the temperature-dependent complex resistance of the electric motor leads to different attenuation at different frequencies in the frequency spectrum.
  • the different attenuations can be determined, for example, by a Fourier analysis of the resulting signal and by comparison of the result obtained by the Fourier analysis of the resulting signal. rend signal received with the frequency spectrum of the applied vibration signal are evaluated and used to determine the temperature of the electric motor, for example using a suitable map as described above.
  • the phase shifting effect of the complex resistance of the winding of the electric motor 2 can be used to obtain an indication of the complex resistance of the winding.
  • the indication of the complex resistance can then be assigned to a temperature of the winding by means of a characteristic diagram.
  • a phase shift in particular the phase shift between the voltage amplitude and the resulting current through the electric motor 2 or in the evaluation unit 6 of FIG. 1, the phase shift between the tapped between capacitor 8 and electric motor 2 resulting signal and the vibration signal can be determined.
  • one or more absolute amplitudes of the resulting signal and / or an amplitude ratio between the amplitudes of the oscillation signal and the resulting signal and / or a phase shift between the oscillation signal and the resulting signal and / or a frequency shift between the resulting signal and be evaluated the vibration signal.
  • Suitable electric motors are all types of drives which have a winding for generating a magnetic force, such as, for example, DC motors with commutator, brushless motors, synchronous motors, asynchronous motors and the like.
  • DC motors with commutator DC motors with commutator
  • brushless motors synchronous motors
  • asynchronous motors asynchronous motors and the like.
  • the frequency of the oscillation signal is at least five times the frequency of the drive signal at the highest rotational speed of the electric motor 2.
  • the evaluation unit 6 makes it possible to carry out a temperature detection in the electric motor both in the driven state and in the non-driven state.
  • the temperature which has been determined with the aid of the complex resistance of the electric motor 2 can be assumed to be the ambient temperature if, within a specific preceding period of time, no activation of the electric motor 2 with activation signals has taken place.
  • detection of temperature in areas of the vehicle in which the respective electric motor is arranged can thus be undertaken without the provision of further temperature sensors. An additional wiring for temperature sensors and the like. Can be avoided.
  • the electric motors installed in an interior can therefore also be used simultaneously as temperature sensors for an ambient temperature, so that e.g. an air conditioning control based on the thus detected temperatures from different areas of the interior can be operated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique (2) comportant un élément bobine constitué d'un enroulement qui, lorsqu'il est excité électriquement, induit une force motrice sous l'effet de l'interaction entre un champ magnétique ainsi généré et un autre champ magnétique, l'enroulement de l'élément bobine étant placé sur un élément du moteur électrique (2), de sorte qu'une impédance complexe de l'enroulement varie en fonction de la température. L'invention concerne également un système de moteur et un procédé de détermination d'une température dans un moteur électrique (2), lequel procédé consiste à envoyer un signal oscillant au moteur électrique (2), à déterminer un signal résultant, qui dépend du signal oscillant et de la grandeur de l'impédance complexe de l'enroulement excité à un moment donné dans le moteur électrique, et à associer la température dans le moteur électrique en fonction d'un paramètre électrique du signal résultant.
EP08873423A 2008-03-20 2008-11-27 Moteur électrique à système de détection de température et procédé de détection d'une température dans un moteur électrique Withdrawn EP2258035A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008000784A DE102008000784A1 (de) 2008-03-20 2008-03-20 Elektromotor mit einer Temperaturerfassung und Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Temperatur in einem Elektromotor
PCT/EP2008/066327 WO2009115148A2 (fr) 2008-03-20 2008-11-27 Moteur électrique à système de détection de température et procédé de détection d'une température dans un moteur électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2258035A2 true EP2258035A2 (fr) 2010-12-08

Family

ID=40901821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08873423A Withdrawn EP2258035A2 (fr) 2008-03-20 2008-11-27 Moteur électrique à système de détection de température et procédé de détection d'une température dans un moteur électrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2258035A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008000784A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009115148A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009032432B3 (de) * 2009-07-09 2010-12-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ermittlung einer Motortemperatur
DE102015112920A1 (de) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg Getriebeanordnung und elektrische Maschine für Kraftfahrzeug und Temperaturerfassungsverfahren hierfür
DE102017108112A1 (de) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Erfassung der Wicklungstemperatur einer Motorwicklung
JP2020062912A (ja) * 2018-10-15 2020-04-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ルーフ開閉システム
DE102021210346A1 (de) 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 Brose Fahrzeugteile Se & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektromotorischen Verstellantriebs eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102021128668A1 (de) 2021-11-04 2023-05-04 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Messanordnung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706659A1 (de) 1987-03-02 1988-09-15 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Einrichtung zum erfassen der wicklungstemperatur eines insbesondere buerstenlosen gleichstrommotors

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2009115148A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008000784A1 (de) 2009-09-24
WO2009115148A2 (fr) 2009-09-24
WO2009115148A8 (fr) 2010-10-28

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