Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
  • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
  • F16H21/44—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions

Definitions

• the present invention refers to the technical field of mechanic for the transfer of a power, and in particular it refers to a unit able to transfer a predetermined power to user elements.
• actuators of traditional type and commonly used generally constituted by an external cylindrical body within which it is assembled a sliding piston.
• the movement of the piston can happen by means of a fluid in pressure that gets injected in the cylinder.
• it can be used air, oil, a mixture of both or also other kinds of fluids.
• the piston is moved thanks to the aid of oil in pressure injected inside the cylinder through an entry hole.
• the piston thanks to the thrust action of the injected oil, moves along the cylindrical site applying this way a predetermined force on the element with which is connected.
• the thrust force will depend obviously on both the pressure with which the oil has been injected inside the same cylinder and on the dimensions of the piston. Indeed by changing the area of the piston on which the oil presses, will proportionally change the force with which the same piston raises and, consequentially, the force acting on the external element to which it results to be connected.
• the return motion of the piston inside the cylinder will determinate the exits of the oil through an apposite discharge hole to be then directed in a container.
• the actuators, along to the re-circulation circuits that allow their functioning are then commonly used for different aims that are found from the aeronautics field up to the mechanics one.
• the actuators of oleodynamic type are commonly used in the aeronautics field in order to move the controlling surfaces of the aircraft.
• a simple impulse controls the entering of the oil in pressure inside the chamber of the cylinder forcing this way the piston to slide in its inside for a predetermined quantity, moving this way the surface to which it is connected.
• the thrusting element 1 acts therefore on the element 4 and causes the rotation of the same
• the ascent motion determines a squeezing of the receiving element 2 that is incremented during its approaching motion towards the hinge 5.
• the returning motion brings gradually back the element 2 to its initial condition. It is thus clear how the receiving element gets squeezed in the forward motion with a force that is always proportionally increasing.
• the advantageous of such solution and the use of the same are therefore many and hereinafter specified.
• the transmission element (4) comprises a rod (4) or similar. Such solution makes easy the rotating connection of the same to the receiving element.
• the thrusting element (1) comprises a first (1) actuator while the receiving element (2) comprises a second actuator (2) .
• the first actuator (1) comprises a cylinder (I' ) and a piston (I' ' ) and said second actuator (2) comprises a cylinder (2') and a piston ⁇ 2'') sliding inside said cylinder.
• the actuator thus can be of any kind, as for example of oleo dynamic type.
• the cylinder (l f ) acts the thrusting force on the transmission element (4) by means of the extraction or retraction of the sliding piston (I' ' ) and, as a consequence, the receiving body (2) is forced to move along the path (3) retracting and extracting its respective piston (2' ' ) .
• the path (3) has a circumferential arch shape.
• the solutions of predisposition of the elements (1, 2) can then be different.
• the transmission element (4) is pivoted (5) in correspondence of one of its free ends. In such case, then, the thrusting element (1) is placed above the receiving element.
• the transmission element is pivoted (5) in correspondence of a point internal to its length.
• the thrusting element (1) is placed alongside respect to the receiving element.
• the thrusting element and the receiving element do not necessarily have to include actuators of oleo dynamic type or similar.
• Alternative solutions comprise, always with the same solution of predisposition as described above, a thrusting element and a receiving element both of elastic type able to cede and store energy by means of the overall variation of their length.
• the elements of elastic type can comprise respectively two plates elastically flexible.
• FIG. 7 schematically represents a possible application of the invention.
• - figure 8 schematically represents a further possible application of the invention.
• the transmission element 4 for example a simple rigid rod 4 or indifferently a plate of sufficient rigidity or similar, is hinged in the rotating point 5 corresponding to its free end.
• the end opposite to the rod is then connected to the piston 1' ' .
• the actuator 1 is fixed upper than the path 3 and the second actuator placed on the path, m
• the hinge 5 allows then to the rod to rotate around it "dragging" this way a predetermined area during its entire rotation.
• Figure 1 indicates the distance d between the positioning of the first actuator 1 and the hinge 5.
• the second actuator 2 is placed under the first one, on the path 3 defined in the initial solution.
• the path 3 can be indifferently a parabolic arc, a circle arc or similar or simply have a certain slope.
• the initial distance between the second actuator and the hinge can be any, but for reasons of simplicity it has been chosen to position it at the same distance d of the first actuator in its initial configuration.
• the second actuator 2 comprises (still as described in figure 1) , in correspondence of its base, rollers or similar in order to slide on the path 3.
• rollers it is possible to comprise the rollers exactly as if they were gears on which the piston slide.
• the path it can be possible to realize the path as a train track on which the rollers of the actuator 2 slide (look at figure 8) .
• a second preferred solution of the invention comprises on the other hand (look at figure 4) the rod 4 hinged in a predetermined point along its length, preferably in a middle point 5. In such way the positioning of the first actuator 1 is not anymore on top of the second actuator, but along its side.
• the actuator 2 with motion transmission means (13, 14) .
• a toothed wheel 14 is assembled rotating in neutral on the actuator.
• a simple rack 13 placed practically parallel to the path 3 and within which couple the toothed wheel, it can be used the motion of the actuator 2 to make the wheel rotate exactly as a car wheel as will be better explained later on.
• the solution with the sliding wheels placed under the toothed wheel shaped actuator and the hinge shaped path. It is indeed better synchronized the rotation of the wheel 14 with the sliding of the actuator.
• Figure 1 shows the initial condition where the piston 1' ' starts to transmit by means of the rod 4 its force F to piston 2' ' .
• the piston 1' ' starts to transmit by means of the rod 4 its force F to piston 2' ' .
• the piston 1 is fixed and thus the moment M created by it on the rod is constant.
• it can be used a variable moment M by simply translating during the functioning the position of the actuator 1.
• the piston 2' ' undergoes thus to a force Fi given by the pressure action of the rod.
• the initial condition chosen exclusively as an example in figure 1 shows a force Fi substantially coinciding with F, as the initial distance d of positioning for the two actuators is equal.
• the piston 2'' will this way start to retract inside the cylinder forcing the oil found inside the cylinder 2' to exit at a predetermined pressure.
• the actuator 2 is preferably, but not necessarily, placed according to an initial ⁇ angle.
• the light initial positioning slope makes the force Fi to which it undergoes, decomposable into a component that is perpendicular to the path FN and into a tangent component FT which will cause its raising along the path inside, thus, the area defined between the same path and the rotating rod (look for such reason figure 2) .
• FT tangent component
• FIG. 7 A possible example of use of the present invention is represented in figure 7.
• the oil under pressure that exits from the actuator 2, with increasing pressure values, is used to move an alternator 11 connected to a container 10, to produce electric current.
• the oil under pressure that exits from the cylinder 2 r ' can be used in the traditional manner to move some objects or surfaces in general.
• thrusting element not only actuators, but equivalent elements able to create a thrusting action on the rod 4.
• elements of elastic type as springs or even more an inflexed plate which induces on the rod 4 an elastic thrusting force that is exactly as a compression spring.
• the receiving element do not necessarily have to be an actuator, but any other body that can store the incremental force Fi to be then re- used.
• the actuator 2 can be substituted with a compression spring or with an inflexed plate. The compression force Fi stored by the element of elastic type can then be used exactly as the oil under pressure in the case of actuator.
• the dimensions of the actuators can be any, but, according to the preferred solution of the invention, it has been chose to use actuator that have equal volumes and such for which the stroke of the piston 1' is double respect to the one of piston 2' ' .
• the above description of a specific shape is able to show the invention from the conceptive point of view, in a way that others, by using the art, can modify and/or adapt in different applications this specific shape without any further research and without going apart from the inventive concept, and, therefore, it is intended that these adaptations and transformations will be considered as equivalent to this specific realization.
• the means and materials to make the many described functions can be of various nature without exiting the area of the invention, it is intended that the expressions or the terminology used have a simple descriptive aim and therefore not limiting.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Actuator (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-02-25 IT ITPI20080012 patent/ITPI20080012A1/it unknown
• 2009
  • 2009-02-24 EP EP09713731A patent/EP2260218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-24 WO PCT/IB2009/050736 patent/WO2009107059A1/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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