EP2264261A1 - Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau - Google Patents

Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2264261A1
EP2264261A1 EP09380123A EP09380123A EP2264261A1 EP 2264261 A1 EP2264261 A1 EP 2264261A1 EP 09380123 A EP09380123 A EP 09380123A EP 09380123 A EP09380123 A EP 09380123A EP 2264261 A1 EP2264261 A1 EP 2264261A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
post
parts
post according
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09380123A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Miquel Ventura Monsó
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP09380123A priority Critical patent/EP2264261A1/fr
Publication of EP2264261A1 publication Critical patent/EP2264261A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a frustoconical post the purpose of which is holding cables for medium- and low-voltage electric power transmission, in train catenaries, as vertical supports for holding fixed or rotating photovoltaic solar panels, for supports of electric wind generators and in multiple and various applications in lighting, architecture and advertising.
  • the post object of the invention is distinguished by its insulating and recyclable plastic frustoconical outer cover of various colors which does not corrode with environmental conditions.
  • the post object of the invention is furthermore distinguished by its high mechanical strength as a result of a special ceramic core, a lightweight electrowelded metal framework designed by computation, as well as by the slenderness of its shape and structure and by its ecological design which gives precedence to the reduction of the use of natural resources and energy.
  • the invention provides a slender post with a variable height with its lower part inserted and duly connected in the ground or floor, whereas at its upper or top part, it is used to place at different heights elements as different as power supply cables, solar panels, solar trackers, wind generators, lightning arresters, spotlights, flags, signs, sails, video cameras and many other products, apparatuses and elements.
  • the slender structures obtainable by applying the principles of this invention can have names such as posts, masts, poles, staffs, antennas, fences, supports, columns, pilasters, street lamps, towers, etc.
  • one of the main elements are the steel rods joined by stirrups ensuring their position, once they are introduced in the mortar based on cement and aggregates, the post is vibrated before the setting to expel the air pockets or bubbles that may remain in the mortar.
  • stirrups ensuring their position, once they are introduced in the mortar based on cement and aggregates, the post is vibrated before the setting to expel the air pockets or bubbles that may remain in the mortar.
  • Many hours are needed in the manufacture of these types of posts for their pre-setting, at the end of this phase each unit can be extracted from the mold and there can be a wait of between 10 and 15 more days to obtain the maximum nominal strength.
  • the pretensed structure obtained furthermore generates small cracks produced by its bending and, although they are smaller in the bottom part since the deflection with respect to the upper end decreases, such cracks continue to exist, therefore in order to prevent water and air infiltrations which can trigger irreversible oxidation processes, they normally have to be painted or primed to protect them from external agents.
  • polyester and fiberglass in the manufacture of these slender structures has been the object of considerable investment and attention in the last 25 years in industrialized countries such as Germany, Spain and Italy, mainly.
  • the objective has been to search for an insulating product which is resistant to atmospheric agents, competitive in price and which does not require preservation.
  • This material has considerable drawbacks such as: the lack of rigidity which prevents applications requiring high bending strength; its high combustibility; the low impact strength, thus the collision of a vehicle can break the post; it is cut easily, the manufacturing cost is very high; the difficult stabilization to sunlight; the complex adjustment of its resistant section according to each bending moment, since the fiberglass and polyester post are manufactured by centrifugation. They are furthermore products that are completely derived from petroleum which are increasingly expensive and highly polluting.
  • Patent ES-B1-2012688 describes a post especially for holding power supply cables comprising a hollow ceramic core surrounded by a resistant framework of iron rods embedded in a mass of settable polymeric material, the entire assembly being surrounded by an envelopment of rigid polymeric material.
  • Patent ES-B1-2228277 describes a process, an apparatus and a mold for heat molding hollow parts with a variable section from a tube with a constant section by means of which slender hollow parts with a variable section and a relatively large length suitable, for example, as a protective outer layer in street lamp bases, flagpoles, posts for supporting posters or signs, electric wiring posts, etc., can be obtained from cylindrical tube sections obtained, for example, by extrusion.
  • the objective of the present application is to improve the features of the posts according to the structure described in the two previous patents, increasing their strength with a lower weight and allowing a substantially lower cost for obtaining them.
  • the post of this invention consists of an elongated and slender body, defined by a hollow core of special ceramic material, surrounded by a resistant metal framework formed by specific steel rods encircled at least in part of its section by a special fiber mesh, and the assembly of which is embedded in a mass of settable polymeric material, with a high compressive strength, this body being enveloped and protected by an enveloping cover of rigid polymeric material, stable to light and to atmospheric agents.
  • the mentioned silica can have a mineral origin or a biological origin, particularly a plant origin.
  • the amorphous silica used is included in the composition of the mixture of clays in a percentage between 15 and 35% of the total weight of said mixture of clays and particularly between 20% - 30%.
  • the metal framework is designed by computation by means of special adapted software (CAD-CAM structural software calculation) using MEF technology which also integrates structure calculation and design software capable of performing strength calculations in two and three dimensions with a wide range of materials, mainly steel and concrete.
  • CAD-CAM structural software calculation CAD-CAM structural software calculation
  • MEF technology MEF technology
  • structure calculation and design software capable of performing strength calculations in two and three dimensions with a wide range of materials, mainly steel and concrete.
  • the calculation system enables a wide variety of static and dynamic (modal, seismic, p-delta%) analyses integrating factors such as height, section, necessary bending strength, weight, materials used, etc.
  • the framework of the proposed post is manufactured by means of using 2 to 10 iron crowns which are arranged transversely to the section of the column, and are provided with grooves or notches in which the rods are supported.
  • Said crowns comprise two main crowns next to each end of the framework and other equidistant crowns along the structure, depending on the necessary strength variables and qualities of the end product.
  • the crowns are different in terms of composition, diameter, thickness and number of grooves, etc., a condition which is defined for each type of framework.
  • the two ends of the rods are assembled with support in the periphery of the end metal crowns corresponding to the larger and smaller bases of the metal structure.
  • the assembly is assembled on a resistant steel center with a frustoconical shape which allows providing a suitable permanent strain to the assembly of the framework as a result of a special computerized hydraulic system.
  • the metal framework is enveloped by a special synthetic fiber mesh which is sheathed and tensed perimetrically to the framework.
  • the post is now ready for the placement of the outer RTP (Recyclable Thermoplastic Polymer) cover and subsequent filling of the special polymer by injection.
  • RTP Recyclable Thermoplastic Polymer
  • the ceramic parts have a conical or cylindrical shape, variable lengths and thickness depending on their position along the post and on the required strength demand.
  • the chemical composition of the ceramic parts is special and integrates, as has been indicated, components derived from silica, the material is thus specifically formulated to ensure homogeneous and strain-free drying of the part for the purpose of preventing malformations in the firing process at high temperatures, uniform straight parts ensuring a high compressive strength are finally obtained.
  • the post which is obtained has a very high bending strength compared to its dimensions and lightness: both the compressive strength and bending strength of this compact technological structure are high.
  • the zero need for maintenance and its complete electrical insulation makes it a suitable product for any of the industrial, architectural and technological applications mentioned above.
  • the assembly is introduced in a RTP plastic sheath and special fast-setting cement with a high compressive strength (850 kg/cm 2 ) is injected, which covers the ceramic, embeds the rods and the strap, fixing them, and is adhered and fixed to the RTP, forming a whole compact assembly.
  • a high compressive strength 850 kg/cm 2
  • the strength calculations are between 16 to 36 in number according to heights and stresses, which represents greater axial strength homogeneity. If the rods have greater diameters, between 10 - 16 mm, the structures obtained are more rigid and their manufacturing process is more complex and requires the automation of the processes and their robotization. The low labor intervention therefore leads to a lower production cost.
  • the post 10 according to the invention illustrated in Figure 1 consists of a body with a vertical slender frustoconical configuration wherein its section increases progressively according to its resistant moment.
  • the base 11 which is wider, is formed by a metal plate 12 provided with notches 13 or holes for the insertion of the equidistant and uniformly distributed longitudinal rods 14 in circumference, which will form the resistant framework.
  • This framework is calculated by computer by means of a CAD-CAM (structural software calculation) calculation program.
  • the constitution of the post comprises a core 15 of ceramic material integrating in its composition amorphous silica with a plant origin providing it with exceptional strength properties.
  • the rods 14 are embedded in a peripheral mass 16 of high-strength polymeric cement surrounding the core, a material which has a high compressive strength after its hardening. For certain heights this assembly is sheathed in a special fiber mesh 17 providing the post with exceptional elastic-strength properties.
  • Said mesh 17 is a tubular mesh of resistant synthetic material forming an envelopment surrounding the entire structure of the metal rods 14, being located between such structure and the polymeric cover and embedded in the assembly once the settable cement 16 is injected.
  • the mentioned height at which the tubular fiber mesh 17 is located is from 5 meters to 12 meters from the base of the post 10.
  • the ceramic core 15 comprises a plurality of ceramic parts with cylindrical or conical shapes facing one another at their bases and longitudinally placed against one another.
  • each ceramic part for obtaining the core 15 is obtained by the coupling of two half-parts coupled along edges including at least one inflection.
  • the outer area forming the visible envelopment of the post is formed by a coating 18 made of RTP (recyclable thermoplastic polymer) or another rigid polymer, stable to light and resistant to outdoor agents, which can be prepared separately in the form of a tubular component, and receive in another phase the reinforcement framework and the ceramic material and polymer material which will form the resistant part of the structure, the latter applied in a fluid state and under pressure in an operation of casting by injection.
  • RTP recyclable thermoplastic polymer
  • another rigid polymer stable to light and resistant to outdoor agents
  • the mentioned ceramic material 15 integrates in its composition amorphous silica added during the formation of a homogeneous mixture of clays used to obtain the parts of ceramic material by injection or extrusion in a step prior to the definitive consolidation thereof, in a percentage between 15 and 35% of the total weight of said mixture of clays.
  • the mentioned amorphous silica can have a mineral origin
  • the invention proposes using amorphous silica with a biological origin and particularly with a plant origin.
  • said amorphous silica be obtained from the plant covers or endocarps protecting the seeds of cultivated plants of the gramineae family in a controlled combustion process, operating under 700-800°C to obtain a deformed microporous structure.
  • said endocarp be an endocarp of a rice plant which is furthermore a by-product of the processing and refining of rice grains of different species.
  • the mentioned settable material 16 is high-strength lightweight cement integrating in its composition a percentage of amorphous silica according to the previously indicated range of values, where said cement can be a Portland type cement in which the percentage of silica integrated is comprised between 10% to 50% by weight.
  • the post 10 according to the invention is narrowed from the base to the upper end according to a slender frustoconical section which is functional for each needed moment of inertia and resistant moment and the mentioned rods 14 are welded in recesses of the annular metal plates 12, arranged transversely to the section of the post 10 and distributed along said post.
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining ceramic parts forming the mentioned ceramic core 15 for a post 10, which ceramic parts are obtained by injection or extrusion, and is characterized in that said parts are subjected to drying prior to their firing process in a laminar hot air system.
  • the mentioned prior drying process comprises placing the ceramic parts in stacks of assemblies of between 4, 8, and 16 in open carriages allowing a homogeneous drying of the parts as a result of a laminar hot air flow for at least 48 hours before introducing them in an oven for their correct firing at stable temperatures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
EP09380123A 2009-06-19 2009-06-19 Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau Withdrawn EP2264261A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09380123A EP2264261A1 (fr) 2009-06-19 2009-06-19 Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09380123A EP2264261A1 (fr) 2009-06-19 2009-06-19 Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2264261A1 true EP2264261A1 (fr) 2010-12-22

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EP09380123A Withdrawn EP2264261A1 (fr) 2009-06-19 2009-06-19 Poteau à noyau en céramique et procédé pour obtenir des éléments en céramique formant ledit noyau

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EP (1) EP2264261A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR686128A (fr) * 1929-12-02 1930-07-22 Poteaux en béton armé avec corps creux intérieur en céramique
EP0218733A2 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-22 ART CERAMICHE S.r.l. Procédé et installation pour le séchage rapide des produits céramiques
EP0434770A1 (fr) * 1989-02-15 1991-07-03 VENTURA BERTI, Miguel Poteau, en particulier pour supporter des cables d'alimentation electrique
EP0785175A1 (fr) * 1995-08-04 1997-07-23 Cosmo Clay & Ceramics Co., Ltd. Argile synthetique pour ceramiques et son procede de fabrication
WO2005085562A1 (fr) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Cadwell Charles E Poteau de telephone composite
ES2228277B1 (es) 2003-09-30 2005-10-16 Miguel Ventura Bertti Procedimiento, aparato y molde para moldear en caliente piezas huecas de seccion variable a partir de tubo de seccion constante.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR686128A (fr) * 1929-12-02 1930-07-22 Poteaux en béton armé avec corps creux intérieur en céramique
EP0218733A2 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-22 ART CERAMICHE S.r.l. Procédé et installation pour le séchage rapide des produits céramiques
EP0434770A1 (fr) * 1989-02-15 1991-07-03 VENTURA BERTI, Miguel Poteau, en particulier pour supporter des cables d'alimentation electrique
EP0785175A1 (fr) * 1995-08-04 1997-07-23 Cosmo Clay & Ceramics Co., Ltd. Argile synthetique pour ceramiques et son procede de fabrication
ES2228277B1 (es) 2003-09-30 2005-10-16 Miguel Ventura Bertti Procedimiento, aparato y molde para moldear en caliente piezas huecas de seccion variable a partir de tubo de seccion constante.
WO2005085562A1 (fr) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Cadwell Charles E Poteau de telephone composite

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